Akwai furanni waɗanda ke da fara'a da fara'a. Ba su yi mamakin girman ko ƙawa na fure, amma, da suka ga irin wannan shuka, kowane ɗan lambu yana ɗokin neman wuri a gare shi a gonar. Waɗannan sun haɗa da furanni, sanannu da aka sani da launin rawaya. Sunan kimiyya game da wannan nau'in shine doronicum.
Wane fure ne
Doronikum ganye ne mai tsiro tare da ganye mai ba da ganye tare da ganye mai ganye da ganye. A cikin tushe sinuses harbe an kafa a kan abin da buds an kafa. Hakanan, furanni suna girma akan shinge mai tsayi. Tsawon doronicum ya dogara da iri-iri: akwai nau'in dwarf (10-15 cm) da tsayi (140-150 cm). Rhizome tuberous, sama-sama located. 'Ya'yan itace sune karaya.
Rawaya launin shuɗi ya kasance cikin dangin Astrov. Tare da ratybid na mulkin mallaka, mai kama da launi zuwa doronicum, ana kiran tsire-tsire sau da yawa fure fure. Koyaya, da wuya perennial iya samun tushe ba kawai a kan filayen. Yana da gama gari a cikin tsaunukan Turai kuma zai iya tsayawa zuwa tsaunin 3500 m sama da matakin teku.
Mai ban sha'awa don sani. Sunan "doronicum" ya fito daga kalmar larabci "doronish", ma'ana wata shuka mai guba wacce ba a san ta ba. A Rasha, fure mai haske ana kiransa roe.
Iri masu ban sha'awa
A cikin duka, akwai nau'ikan doronicum 40. 12 daga cikinsu suna girma a Rasha; kaɗan ne musamman da suka shahara.
Gabas
Doronicum Oriental (Doronicum Orientale Hoffing) ana iya kiransa Caucasian ta wata hanya. Wannan shi ne mafi yawan mazaunin gidajen lambunan Rasha. A cikin vivo, wanda ya zama ya fi yawa a cikin Caucasus da Rum.
Gabas Doronicum
Tsawon tsirrai ya kai cm 50. Tushen yana daɗaɗaɗaɗa, ya faru kusa da farfajiyar ƙasa. Ganyayyaki na yau da kullun sune dentate, petiolate, tushe, ovoid, sessile. Furen furanni masu launin shuɗi a tsakiyar watan Mayu, an ci gaba da furanni na kusan wata guda. Bayan sassan na sama na launin shuɗi ya mutu. Wani sabon waje mai fita zai bayyana ne kawai a ƙarshen bazara.
An horar da jinsunan a cikin 1808. Mafi yawan nau'ikan sune Kyawun Yanayi, Kyauron Zane, Little Leo. Dukkanin rashin kunya, karamin aiki, kayan ado sosai.
Plantain
Plantain doronicum (Doronicum Plantagineum) yana da alaƙa da sauƙi na ganye da ganyayyaki. Ya fi girma fiye da dangin Caucasian (har zuwa tsayi 140 cm), yana samar da manyan inflorescences, fure bakwai 7-10 daga baya. A vivo yana girma a yammacin Turai.
Plantain iri-iri
Shahararrun nau'ikan sun hada da Miss Mason, Harpuf Crewe.
Austrian
Dorianum Austrian (Doronicum Austriacum Jacq) yana da tsayi mai tsayi (har zuwa 70 cm) da launuka masu haske tare da cibiyar orange.
Austrian roe
Itatuwan fure mai ado na ado a watan Agusta.
Noma
Kafin ka fara girma doronicum daga tsaba, kana buƙatar yanke shawara lokacin da zaka shuka shuka da yadda zaka kula dashi. Samun lafiya, rawaya daisies mai launin rawaya yana da sauƙi godiya ga unpretentiousness na fure.
Kula! Kozulnik yana da kayan yaduwa ta hanyar shuka-kai.
'Yayan itace
Hanyar Seedling shine mafi wahala fiye da dasa shuki a kai tsaye cikin ƙasa. Koyaya, yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako.
Shuka don shuka shine mafi kyawun fara a watan Afrilu. Don seeding, an zaɓi akwati tare da sel waɗanda ke cike da kayan abinci mai gina jiki (1 ɓangaren peat da ƙasan m). An shuka tsaba 2-3 a cikin tantanin 1, an yayyafa shi da ruwa. Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashi ko fim kuma a sanya shi a wani wuri mai haske, ana kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Carearin kulawa ya ƙunshi a cikin iska ta yau da kullun na plantings da kuma moistening na ƙasa daga lokaci mai harbin bindiga.
Hanyar sake dubawa
Za'ayi shuka kai tsaye zuwa cikin filin budewa daga tsakiyar Afrilu, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kai 16 ° C, ko a ƙarshen kaka.
Kimanin makonni 2 kafin shuka, kana buƙatar shirya ƙasar. An haƙa shi a kan tebur bayoneti kuma an yanke lumps a hankali. Lokacin da ƙasa ta shimfida, an sanya tsintsiya (1-2 cm) a ciki. Nisa tsakanin layuka yakamata ya zama akalla cm 20. Dole ne a zubar da filaye da ruwa. Seedlings sprout amicably da yalwa, sabili da haka, bayan da bayyanar za su yi thinning. Tsakanin tsire-tsire masu kusa ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 7 cm na sarari. Lokacin da tsararren tsire-tsire matasa ya kai 10 cm, lokaci yayi da za ku dasa su a cikin dindindin. Tsaka-tsakin tsakanin seedlings biyu dake kusa da ita shine 25 cm.
Ka’idojin asali na girma
Babban mahimman abubuwan da ke hade da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa da kuma kulawa da shi na da matukar mahimmanci don samun kyawawan tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin lafiya.
Jirgin ƙasa da ƙasa
Don dasa shuki akan tsire-tsire, zaka iya amfani da kwantena na salula ba kawai, har ma akwatuna, tukwane da kofuna. Babban abu shine a kula da nesa ba tare da yin murhu ba. A matsayin kayan abinci, ya isa ya ɗauka cakuda peat tare da humus ko siyayya ƙasa gaba ɗaya.
Lokacin da ya dace don shuka
Shuka seedlings ne da za'ayi a farkon Afrilu, matasa tsire sanya a cikin ƙasa bude a farkon Yuni.
Cuttingasa yankan
Don dasa shuki a gonar lokacin hunturu, tsakiyar Nuwamba ko Afrilu ya dace.
Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Babban abin da ake buƙata na ƙasa shine haske da friability. Don kada tsaba su fada ta, dole ne a jira shrinkage bayan digging. Idan kasar gona ya cika, a lokacin digging, yana yiwuwa a facin a kan rotted taki a cikin gadaje.
Mahimmanci! Tun da tsire-tsire yana da tushen tushen na zahiri, ba lallai ba ne a kwance ƙasa ma zurfi a ƙarƙashinsa.
Tsarin kayan da shuka
Tsarin mulimile rawaya yana riƙe da tsiron su na shekaru 2. Suna girma da ƙarfi, sau ɗaya a cikin ƙasa, don haka dole ne a fitar da tsire-tsire na bakin ciki. Tun da kayan iri, lokacin da aka adana shi daidai, yana tsayayya wa lalacewa da lalacewa, ba a buƙatar tsarin shirye-shirye na musamman.
Yadda ake kulawa da shuki
Tare da hanyar seedling girma, seedlings suna bayyana kamar mako biyu bayan shuka. Tsari daga ganga a wannan lokacin an cire tsire-tsire kuma ana tura tsire-tsire zuwa wuri mai haske. Idan yanayin bai gamsar da rana ba, ana bada shawara cewa a ba da haske ga thean itacen da keɓaɓɓen phytolamp.
Don yin tsire-tsire mafi girma, a cikin lokaci na ganye na 3 wajibi ne don tsunkule fiwansu.
Saukowa
Mako guda kafin dasa shuki (a ƙarshen Mayu), lokaci ya yi da za a sanya seedlings a cikin iska don hardening, na farko sa'a guda, a hankali yana ƙara lokaci zuwa rana.
Yadda za a shuka shuki:
- Tona makirci na 20-25 cm zurfi. Ara taki da aka juya;
- Tona sama rami rami na irin wannan girman cewa sun dace da tushen tare da dunƙule. Nisa tsakanin ramuka ya kamata ya zama akalla 0.4 m, saboda doronicum yana haɓaka sosai;
- Shuka tsirrai a cikin rijiyoyin, a hankali latsa ƙasa a tushen kuma zuba ruwa mai sanyi mai yawa.
Kula! Kozulnik an kuma girma a matsayin gidan shidan gida, amma nau'in dwarf kawai ya dace da wannan.
Kulawar waje
Tare da shuka kamar doronicum, dasa da kulawa ba su da wahala. Furen ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana jure yanayin rashin damuwa.
Watse
Ya kamata a shayar da Doronicum akai-akai, tunda tushen tsarin dake kusa da farfajiya bazai iya ɗaukar danshi daga yadudduka na ƙasa ba. Ruwa yana da kyau a yi amfani da ɓacin rai. Domin ƙasa ba ta bushe sosai, ana bada shawara ga ciyawa da ciyawa.
Fesa
A cikin yanayi mai zafi, shuka zai sami fa'ida daga feshin yamma ko yayyafa shi. Yi himma sosai da ban ruwa ba lallai ba ne don kada ya haifar da cututtuka. Rawaya launin shuɗi ba sa son yawan zafi da inuwa, don haka ya fi kyau kada a sanya su ƙarƙashin manyan bishiyoyi da ƙananan ƙasashe.
Kasar
Kozulnik baya son acidic, clayey, kasa mai nauyi. Mafi m, da Hardy shuka ba zai mutu, amma zai yi girma karami, rauni, tare da kananan furanni. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine haske, sako-sako, ƙasa mai acidic tare da isasshen abubuwan gina jiki.
Manyan miya
A cikin bazara, ana iya dasa shuka tare da takaddun takaddun takaddun, furen yana amsa daidai daidai ga mahaɗan ma'adinai da abubuwan ƙwayoyin cuta. A ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da aka sami haɓaka cikin sababbin kantuna, ba zai zama superfluous don ciyar da akuya tare da mahaɗan nitrogen ba.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Doronicum furen fure ne wanda zai iya canza girman daskararru da tsananin launi dangane da yanayin yanayi. Gabaɗaya, furanni suna kama da ƙananan ciyayi, dalilin da yasa koyaushe ake rikita su da zazzabi. Launin furannin suna da rawaya mai haske, tsakiyar na iya zama duhu, har zuwa launin ruwan kasa. A cikin diamita na inflorescence daga 4 zuwa 15 cm, dangane da iri-iri.
Gudun ruwa na kwarara
Fulawa yana farawa daga bazara kuma yana ɗaukar bazara. Yanke furanni doronicum sun sami damar tsayawa cikin ruwa har zuwa kwanaki 14, yayin da suke riƙe da sabon salo.
Dasawa bayan sayan
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna sayar da doronicum a cikin tsaba. Idan an samo seedlings, ana shuka shi a cikin ƙasa ko hagu don yayi girma akan windowsill. Lokaci ya yi da za a canza wurin doronicum a cikin shekara, idan ya zo lokacin da za a raba shuka.
Mahimmanci! Kozulnik yana da tsayayya da sanyi, don haka ba lallai ne ku damu da batun adana fure ba don hunturu.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Kodayake chamomile rawaya mai tsire-tsire ne, har yanzu akwai matsaloli game da haɓakar sa. Ana iya magance su ta amfani da kayan aikin musamman da daidaita tsarin kulawa.
Karin kwari
Abubuwan da ke faruwa a ciki da kuma magudanan ruwa ba su yi watsi da ƙarancin rawaya ba. Insectsan ƙananan kwari masu shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace basa fara haifar da lahani. Amma, bayan sun bred, sun sami damar jagorantar doronicum zuwa mutuwa.
Akwai wasu kwari iri daban-daban wadanda suka sami nasarar magance cututtukan kwari. Ya isa ya sarrafa plantings bisa ga umarnin, kuma ƙananan parasites ba za su ji tsoron lambun "rana" ba.
Wasu lokuta slugs suna cin ganye suna hawa saman tsiro. Don hana bayyanar su, ya isa yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da fure tare da barkono ƙasa mai zafi. Abun ciki mai zurfi bazai barin halittu masu cutarwa su shawo kan shingen ba.
Cutar
Grey rot ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire a cikin matattaran tsire-tsire, tare da yawan wuce haddi. A bu mai kyau zuwa ga bakin ciki da tsire-tsire, cire sassan cututtukan da kuma daidaita tsarin ban ruwa.
Tsatsa da m-mildew kuma mafi sau da yawa kai farmaki waterlogged plantings. Watering a wannan yanayin dole ne a rage, an cire sassan lalacewar shuka. Fesa doronicum tare da Topaz ko wani irin magani.
Alamun rashin kulawa
Doronicum na iya samar da ƙananan furanni idan ba a daɗe da dasa ba. Don sabuntawa, an dasa shuka da kuma zuwa sassa. Sabbin furanni akan sabbin roba da aka sabunta zasu zama sanannan sunada girma. Wata matsalar tasowa itace wuce haddi. Sanya wata shuka a shafin, yana da daraja a tuna cewa, dukda cewa doronicum na da hoto, ɗaukar nauyi ga hasken rana yana tsoratar da furanni.
Kozulnik a shafin
Shuka da kuma kula da doronicum a cikin filin mai sauki ne. Ko da novice zai jimre masu, wanda zai yi farin ciki da shakkar jin daɗin ɗakin furannin lambun.
