A lokacin da kiwo perennials a kasar, mafi yawan lambu fi son wannan fure - mai watsa shiri, ko funky. Idan mai masauki ya horar da su, dasa shuki da kula da wata itaciya mai tushe wacce ake samu har ga mai farawa. Don al'ada don farantawa tare da tasirin kayan ado, ana sanin mahimmancin ƙa'idodi akan yadda za'a kula da ƙungiyar masu masaukin baki.
Dasawa bayan sayan
Yawan al'adun gargajiya na zamani, wanda yawansu yawansu yakai 40, ya girma a Gabas ta Tsakiya da gabashin Asiya. Don daji, wani wuri kusa da kandami ya fi dacewa.
Lura! Mazaunan Mulki ta Tsakiya suna kara wa sojojin abinci. Sun yi imani cewa shuka yana da ikon allahntaka.
Sarauniyar gidan Inuwa
Ainihin zaɓi na wurin yana da alhakin zaman lafiya da begen rayuwa na fure. Perennial ya sami damar girma a kan gadon filawa ba tare da dasawa ba har tsawon shekaru 20. Yana aiki a matsayin tabbataccen tushe don gado na fure mai cigaba.
Idan runduna suna kiwo, saukowa da barin ƙasa a cikin fili suna da kyau don bazara: daga shekarun 3 na Afrilu - har zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu (bayan barazanar daskarewa sanyi).
Yana da kyau a shirya kasar gona a fall: tono gonar fure a kan bayoneti felu kuma kara kwayoyin halitta.
Mazauna rani suna sha'awar lokacin da yadda suke dasa mai watsa shiri. Yawancin lambu suna yin dasa shuki daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa farkon farkon Satumba. Idan aka dasa fure a wani lokaci mai zuwa a lokacin bazara, bazai iya yin tushe ba har sai sanyi ya zo. Kasar gona kafin dasa shuki an shayar da shi sosai.
Noma na amfanin gona a gonar yana gudana ne a cikin ƙasa mara kariya, ana shuka bushes akan gadaje fure kusa da shinge ko tare da masu kare ƙasa da ferns. Wasu lambu suna girma hosta a cikin tubs, furannin furanni, kwantena. Suna yin ado da shafin tare da abubuwan asali.
Mai watsa shiri a baho
Itatuwan tsire-tsire ba sa jin tsoron yanayin sanyi. Al’adun gargajiya ko rhizomes da aka sayo cikin tukwane ana shuka su ne a kan gado lokacin bazara lokacin da iska take dumama + 12 ... +14 ° С. Mutane da yawa na lambu ba su buƙatar tsari don lokacin hunturu.
Hosta baya son kwararar ruwa, gurɓar ƙasa, iska mai ƙarfi. Ruwa furen da sassafe a ƙarƙashin tushe.
Mahimmanci! Karka shayar da daji daga sama lokacin zafi - ganye ya kasance akan ganye. Babu buƙatar fesawa rundunar.
Mafi kyawun wuri
Ga rundunoni masu saukowa sun fi dacewa:
- wani wuri a cikin m inuwa wanda ke neman tsari daga iska;
- ƙasa humus, tare da magudanar ruwa, m, tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan kadan acid acid na pH. Furen hosta ba ya girma da kyau a kan yumbu mai nauyi da yashi. Cakuda ƙasa ya haɗa da daidai gwargwado humus, peat, vermiculite, ciyawar ganye. Amfanin gona kamar takin zamani.
A bu mai kyau don shirya lambun fure a wurin da aka kiyaye shi daga zane: ciyawa a bayan gida ko kusa da kandami, a cikin arewacin yankin na gonar. Amma nau'ikan nau'ikan da ake buƙata suna buƙatar hasken rana don kula da launi mai haske. Don launuka masu launin shuɗi da launin toka, inuwa ya dace, suna da isasshen haske 2 sa'o'i a rana. Ya danganta ne da inuwa ta bangaran yadda ganyayyaki ke girma, yayin da ake samun raguwar ci gaban daji. Mai watsa shiri za a cutar da mai haske a duk tsawon rana - ƙona ganye yana yiwuwa.
Zaɓi wani yanki shine maɓalli na cin nasara, wanda zai gaya maka yadda zaka dasa mai watsa shiri gasa. Rana tana da alhakin daidaitaccen launi, amma yana hanzarta tsufa ko kuma yana lalata lian itacen. Mafi dacewa wurin zama shine inuwa da inuwa.
Girma a cikin cikakken rana bai dace da tsire-tsire ba. Wasu nau'ikan suna buƙatar mai yawa hasken rana da kulawa ta musamman: mai cike da ruwa mai ɗaukar hoto don ciyar da wadatar ruwa saboda tsaftataccen ruwa.
Shawara! Ba'a ba da shawarar yin fure a kusa da fararen bango ko wasu shimfidar wurare waɗanda bugu da reflectari suna haskaka haskoki na rana, bushe fitar da ganye.
Don shuka tsiro a cikin rana, kuna buƙatar:
- shirya ƙasa ta musamman dauke da takin, peat;
- amfani da ciyawa don kare kasar gona daga yawan zafi da rashin ruwa daga danshi.
Lokacin girma hatsi a cikin lambun fure mai zafi, launi na farantin ganye zai canza a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi:
- runduna masu launin rawaya za su sami farin ganye;
- cikin shuɗi iri, shuɗi ya juya kore.
Yellowabi'un launin rawaya suna jimre da babban adadin ultraviolet da safe da tsakar rana. Zai fi dacewa a girma nau'ikan launuka masu launuka iri-iri a inuwa m. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan da ba'a saka ba (Alkalar launi, Supernova, George Smith, Tokudama Aureonebulosa, Dance tare da Ni) suna kan filayen fure ba tare da samun hasken rana ba.
Mataki-mataki ƙasa saukowa
Lokacin dasawa, runduna a kan lambun furanni na buɗe suna jagora ta hanyar matakan-mataki-mataki. Zai buƙaci:
- Ta tono ramuka a cikin girman 40-60 cm na talakawa da 90-100 cm don nau'in tsayi.
- Cika peat a cikin sassan 2/3 tare da peat ko takin.
- Rage da seedlings, cire daga furen fure tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, bincika masu rarraba don lalacewa ko lalata tushen sa.
- Sanya seedlings a cikin ramuka.
- Tsaya Tushen, ya rufe tare da duniya, ruwa.
- Sanya ciyawa a cikin ƙasa kusa da seedling - sawdust ko haushi.
An zaɓi abu don dasa shuki a hankali. Tushen 10-12 cm na roba ne. A bu mai kyau ne diyan ya yi fure 2 ko 3.
Yadda za a zaɓi tsiron dasa
Mahimmanci! Adana tsire-tsire kafin a dasa shuki a cikin sanyi da duhu a zazzabi na + 5 ... +10 ° C. Kawai daidai ya ɗaukar loggia, shiryayye a ƙasan firiji, cellar.
Lokacin dasawa, runduna na koda suna a matakin ƙasa. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tushe.
Shuka albarkatu a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa mara kariya an tabbatar da yanayin yanayi da zafin jiki na iska. A cikin Urals, yana faɗuwa a ƙarshen bazara ko lokacin bazara, a cikin ƙasa na Krasnodar, an fara aiki a cikin kwanaki goma na ƙarshe na Afrilu, a Yankin Moscow har zuwa 15 ga Mayu.
Kulawar waje
Yanayin Watering
Kula da mai gida ya shafi ban ruwa na ruwa. Shi ne ke da alhakin kyawawan ganye, girman sa, cikewar makamashi. Idan babu yiwuwar shayarwa da rukunin runduna, suna ƙoƙarin guje wa samun fararen ganye.
Manufa zai hana fitar da kakin zuma daga saman ganye. Wannan yana da mahimmancin gaske ga nau'ikan shuɗi waɗanda a cikin abin da kakin zuma ke ƙayyade launi. Daidaitawa ruwa daidai yana rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal da zafin rana.
Yana da amfani ruwa ya dace da shuka;
Hankali! Masu garkuwa suna shayarwa a cikin karamin ƙaraira kuma kawai a tushe. Ruwa na faɗowa a kan farantin ganye yana tsokani rashin hankalinsu da lalacewar tarkoki da katantanwa.
Watering karkashin tushe
Lokaci mai ban sha'awa don shayar da fure har zuwa 11 na safe. Idan gajimare ne a waje, ana ba da izinin rana. In ba haka ba, zai sami ƙonewa idan magudanar ruwa ta faɗo a kan zanen gado.
Manyan miya
Lokacin da ake horar da runduna, kulawa yakan yanke shawarar bayyanarsa. Aikace-aikacen da takin ya shafi ado na fure. A bu mai kyau don ciyar da shuka sau uku yayin lokacin ciyayi:
- a matakin girma;
- a cikin lokacin fure;
- bayan fure.
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da abinci tare da nitrogen (N), potassium (K), phosphorus (P). Hakanan an gabatar da Humus, wanda aka ciyar dashi a lokacin bazara. Kwayoyin halitta an fi son su akan miya mai ma'adinai. Babban abu ba shine overdo shi. Yin saurin maimaitawa ko tsananin zafin shine sanadin ƙonewa.
Wannan dalilin yana shafar launi da ganyayyaki, nauyinsa, elasticity. Furen ba ya buƙatar yalwar ciyarwa. Ciyar da maniyyi a cikin lokuta da yawa ko amfani da caji mai ɗaukar abin.
Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye gwargwadon abubuwan da aka gyara lokacin da takin. Yawan wuce haddi na nitrogen yana haifar da walƙiya da lalacewar launi, saboda haka ana ciyar da su a matakai 2: a farkon bazara, har sai an samar da ganyayyaki. A cikin lokaci na saponification da hibernation, takin tare da humus. A matsayin kayan ma'adinai, ana amfani da jami'ai masu amfani da abun da ke ciki tare da sinadarin nitrate, wanda aka kara yayin hawan farkon.
Dangane da martanin mazaunan rani, ga manyan tsire-tsire ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da dinbin takin mai magani a cikin amfanin gona 1, ga ƙananan tsire-tsire - lessasa, don furanni aan kadan, teaspoon ya isa.
A cikin lokacin bazara-bazara, ɓoye runduna sun dogara da daidaituwa na abubuwan abinci mai gina jiki (phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen) a cikin rabo: 1: 1: 1, 1: 1: 2 ko 1: 2: 1.
Wannan lokacin ya dace da amfani da tasirin dawwamammen aiki, alal misali, Osmokot.
Osmocote - kayan miya
Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci takin amfanin gona tare da kayan abinci na foliar sau 2-3. Na gina jiki ingantattun chelates suna da kyau. Nintrogen na tushen foliar kari ya dace da tsire-tsire masu fure ko launin rawaya.
Ana amfani da waɗannan magungunan tare da daidaituwa ga runduna masu shuɗi. Suna taimakawa canza shi daga shuɗi zuwa al'adun kore. Don nau'in launin shuɗi, saman miya tare da daidaita NPK ya dace.
Kwayoyin halitta suna da wadatar halitta - da macrocells. Yana bada tabbacin amincin fure. Tsire-tsire suna da wuya a yi amfani da su don kula da rabo na NPK da ake buƙata, kuma a guji canza launi na ganye.
Lokacin dasa dakaru a cikin ƙasa mai dausayi, basa tunanin takin zamani na tsawon shekaru 3-4. Amfani da kwayoyin halitta yana faruwa ne a cikin shekaru 5 na ƙarshen ƙarshe, tare da fara bazara an gabatar dashi a cikin ciyawa:
- ganye;
- takin
- bambaro;
- peat;
- overripe taki.
Tare da lalacewa a cikin girma da kuma pallor na manya, an gabatar da takin girma a cikin ƙasa mai kwance, inda aka ƙunshi kayan haɗin guda. Sannan furen yana danshi sosai a ƙarƙashin tushe.
Shawara! A lokacin girma, ana aiwatar da caji sau 2-4, ciyarwar ta ƙarshe ta faɗi akan kwanakin farkon watan Agusta.
A cikin shagunan, yana da sauƙi don samun takin gargajiya na musamman a cikin ruwa mai narkewa tare da micro-, da macroelements don amfanin gona da keɓaɓɓu da kayan ado. Sun dace da furanni, suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantacciyar haɓaka, haɓaka bayyanar da magana, bambancin ganye.
A lokacin furanni
Idan runduna suna kiwo furen fure da kuma narkarda lokacin furanni sun hada da:
- sako cirewa da kuma tsarin namo;
- ciyar da takin mai narkewa-ruwa;
- hydration na yau da kullun: sau biyu a mako, tare da fari yana ƙaruwa da yawa;
- 'yanci daga tsoffin furanni;
- kwaro.
Girma yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire a kan gadon filawa yana ƙara barazanar samun amfanin gona da cututtukan ƙwayoyi da kwari masu cutarwa. Yana da amfani a hankali zaɓi kayan dasawa, bincika furanni lokaci-lokaci.
Don kiyaye bayyanar mai watsa shiri, kawar da kibiyoyi da fure.
Mai runduna mai kwarara
Yayin hutawa
Lokacin da shuka ya gama fure, cire farfajiya na lokaci yana gudana, yana hana damuwar daji.
Kowace shekara a cikin kaka, samfurori na manya da suka girma sosai suna dasawa. Yankin yawo yana gudana ne ta hanyar rarraba daji. Mai watsa shiri yana shayar da shi sosai, an haƙa shi kuma ya kasu kashi kashi. Kowane sashi ya ƙunshi soket 2, kazalika da tushen sa.
Yadda za a raba mai watsa shiri
Shuka shuka har zuwa tsakiyar Satumba. Har zuwa lokacin sanyi ya zo, dole ne tsire-tsire su ɗauki tushe kuma su shirya don hunturu.
Chosenasa don dasawa an zaɓi m da breathable. Rijiyoyin da masu toka da ciyawa tare da yashi ko ciyawa.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Daidaita shiri na fure don hunturu ana godiya. Zai zama dole ne a datsa fure na fure, yayyafa ƙasa kusa da hosta tare da foliage, sawdust, peat. Ba za'ayi fitar da ciyawar ganye ba.
Ana shirin lokacin hunturu
Ana amfani da dusar ƙanƙara da ƙari don rufe bushes. Sun rufe mai gidan da ƙarancin kuzari. Ba a so a rufe al'adu tare da fim - ana toshe hanyoyin samun iskar oxygen, an kirkiro yanayi don rayuwar kwari.
Wadansu 'yan lambu suna watsa mai gidan don hunturu a cikin kayan furanni kuma suna girma da su a gida akan windowsill. Koyaya, ra'ayoyin lambu sun bambanta akan ko mai masaukin zai iya zama al'adun daki. A cewar kowane mazaunin bazara, fure yakan ji mai girma ne kawai a cikin shimfidar furanni. Sauran lambu suna magana da karfin gwiwa game da yuwuwar girma runduna kamar tukunyar tukunya, idan ana bin dokokin fasahar noma.
Shawara! A cikin yankuna na Kudancin Rasha, masu watsa shirye-shiryen sun yi kyau sosai: ba ya jike kuma baya daskarewa yayin narkewa da yanayin sanyi. Yana da mahimmanci ga mazauna bazara na Yankin Moscow da Urals su damu da dasa tsire-tsire kafin lokaci kafin ta mulching tsire-tsire.
Batun cire ciyawar itace rigima tsakanin yan lambu. A cikin wurare masu ɗumi, ana cire ganye a ƙarƙashin tushe don kare shuka daga parasites waɗanda suka ɓoye a cikin greenery. A arewa, ganye an fi so su bar a matsayin kariya daga sanyi.
Sarauniyar gandun Inuwa mai buɗewa ta ba da dama ga masu lambun cikin siyayyar wuri. Furannin masu watsa shirye-shirye marasa kan gado zasu yi ado da gidan bazara kuma zasu faranta masu da masu wucewa ta dogon lokaci, idan kun bi shawarwari da shawarwari masu sauki don kulawa.
