Furannin furanni masu girma, ana kiranta da babban juzu'i na juzu'i na fure na fure, a cikin vivo da ke tsiro a tsaunukan Turkiyya, Iran, Afghanistan, India. An ambaci ƙwayar shuka a cikin takaddun karni na XVI. Bayan ƙarni biyu bayan haka, a cikin Holland, an zaɓi nau'ikan abubuwa masu monotonous da ke rayuwa cikin yanayi mai ƙarfi zuwa yau.
Fritillaria (sunan nazarin halittu don furanni) suna samar da buds a farkon bazara. A tsakiyar lokacin rani, tsire-tsire suna farawa, kamar sauran albarkatu masu girma da yawa (tulips, daffodils). Ganyen sun zama rawaya, taurara, tushe yana bushewa. Wannan shine lokacin da zaka iya datsa Grouse bayan fure.
Kowane kararrakin alamomin tsinkayen daga na daga uku zuwa bakwai karrarawa
Blooming "itacen dabino" masu launin rawaya, fari, ruwan lemo, launi rasberi tare da tsarin checkerboard.
Fading mai tushe yayi kama da rashin aiki, amma an haramta shi sosai watsar da shi ko juya shi; kwararan fitila masu laushi suna iya lalacewa. Wadanda suka dasa shu'uman hazel groly furanni lokacin da suke tono tsire-tsire, sun yanke hukunci wa kansa. Lokacin da ake buƙatar '' jarirai ', zai fi kyau kada a share furanni har shekara biyu ko uku, saboda sabbin kwararan fitila su girma zuwa matsakaici. Flow a cikin wannan yanayin ba zai iya jira. Fritillaria za ta saki bututu, ta ganyayyaki, amma ba za a sami kambi a kan kambi ba.
Mahimmanci! Rage ƙafar shuɗin ƙasa alama ce da ke nuna cewa lokaci ya yi da za su tono kwararan fitilar da ake yi a cikin ta. Ngwu ne ba na tilas ba ne, amma kyawawa ne.
Bayan 'yan dalilan da ya sa ya fi kyau a haƙa fritillaria:
- Don cikakken alamar ɗan furanni fure, shuka yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi na halitta. A tsakiyar lokacin bazara a Gabas, akwai lokacin fari, zafi. An lura cewa bayan an kiyaye albasa a cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi, yawan budsanyen da ke kan girkin Mai Martaba yana ƙaruwa;
- tare da zuriya mai yaduwa na buds zasu jira shekaru 7. Sangare na albasarta tare da ragowar ƙananan Bloom a shekara ta biyu. Rashin kwan fitila shine mafi kyawun hanyar don furannin furanni;
- ta hanyar, manyan kawuna tare da diamita fiye da 8 mm an yanke su zuwa sassa 4 saboda a kowane lobule akwai ragowar tushe daga tushen sa;
- kamar kowane albarkar gona, ciyawar a kowace shekara rhizome sags zurfi zuwa cikin ƙasa. Itatuwan tsiro sun fi tsayi, haɗarin lalata yana ƙaruwa. A kan busasshiyar ƙasa, sako-sako, tsire-tsire suna iya samar da shinge a shekara ba tare da dasawa ba. Varietiesananan nau'ikan-bulbous sun fi tsayayya wa yanayin yanayi na latitude, ba za a iya rikice su ba har shekaru uku;
- wadatar kasar gona da abubuwan gina jiki. Don tsire-tsire, ba lallai ba ne don neman sabon wuri a kowace shekara, Ya isa don gabatar da takaddun takaddun takaddara, ash, lemun tsami a kan tsire-tsire mai gudana. Sannan budsan itacen da yawa na gishirin hazel za su ji daɗin bazara mai zuwa.
Mahimmanci! Idan an sami kawunan kawuna yayin rami, zai fi kyau sauya wurin saukowa. Useaƙƙarfan girma yana girma sosai bayan gourds, farin kabeji, ganye.
- kare sasanninta daga kwari. Ba su da kwasfa mai ƙarfi, ƙanshi mai ƙarfi yana tsoratar da ƙoshin jijiyoyi, amma baya hana lardin bear, sawfly da sauran kwari don jin daɗin naman m;
- rigakafin rot. Musamman ma sau da yawa manyan-kwan fitila ake shafi. Kasuwancin marasa ƙarfi marasa lafiya marasa lafiya bayan bushewa bazara. Lokacin da aka haƙa kayan hazel a lokacin bazara, kwararan fitila da kusan ba suyi ba.
Mahimmanci! Matasa na shekara-shekara kwararan fitila ana iya lalace a lokacin da cire. Yaushe za a tono hazel grouse bayan fure? - 'Yan lambu sun gwammace yin wannan a shekara, yana da kyau a haƙa ƙasar domin babu tarkacen tsire da zai iya lalacewa.
Babban abu shine a ƙayyade lokacin da ake so don digging da kwararan fitila. A cikin ƙasa mai budewa, ana sanya fritillaria sau da yawa a gefen sauran abubuwan fure na fure.
Rage faduwa, abin da za'a iya yi tare da su:
- yana halatta a yanka gemu mai launin rawaya, yana barin kututture har zuwa 5 cm sama da matakin ƙasa;
- idan ganye mai launin rawaya ba mai haushi ba, zaku iya barin ƙarancin hazel grouse kafin digging, amma yana da kyau a cire farfajiyar.
Fritillaria, an haƙa shi da dunƙule, an bar shi ya bushe a cikin akwati mai iska. Don yin wannan, zai fi kyau amfani da kwantena na raga.
Babban abubuwanda suka dace na tsabtace tsummokaran hazel:
- maimakon felu, ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da farar ƙasa, suna haɓaka saman ƙasa, suka kwance shi;
- ja da baya daga tushe ta 15 cm, kwararan fitila mai ɗumbin yawa suna girma;
- bayan sun cire manyan kwararan fitila, a hankali suna tono komai tare da sikelin mai zurfi don neman "yara";
- bayan ya kwance duniya, an cire kwan fitila daga kasan sashin hakora;
- ba a zubar da kwararan fitila idan an kiyaye wani sashin kasan, an adana sashin da ya lalace bayan sarrafa shi tare da sauran kayan dasawa (irin wannan hazel grouse na iya yin fure a cikin shekara guda, amma dan itacen ya fito ya bayyana bazara mai zuwa);
- an bar tsire-tsire da aka haƙa a kan gado a ƙarƙashin rana don bushe duniya da kyau, hasken ultraviolet ya lalata ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta;
- kwararan fitila sun fi sauƙi don cirewa daga bushe, fashewar ƙasa, saboda a cikin "rigar" yara "ba za a iya ganuwa ba."
Mahimmanci! Useauki flakes suna da rauni, tare da kulawa ba da kulawa, raunin matsin lamba. Bai kamata a jefa su ba, ya fi kyau a saka su a cikin ajiya. Idan tushen ya fito daga sikelin, zai yi girma baya, a hankali zai murmure gaba daya.
Bulbsaƙƙarfan fitila ana "soyayyen" a cikin rana na tsawon awanni 3-4, ba ƙari ba. Tare da tsawon lokacin isuwa ga haske, suna bushewa.
An cire tushe ko ragowar amfanin gona daga kai mako guda bayan tono, lokacin da tushen ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Zurfin fossa mai zurfi a cikin kai. Wannan al'ada ce. Wannan shine siyayyar fasalin halayyar maikal daga dukkanin sauran tsirrai.
Bi matakai:
- cire manual na bushe fina-finai, lumps na ƙasa;
- wanke grouse: an taƙaice su a cikin rauni mai sauƙi na potassiumgangan, an shayar da su, an saka ruwa mai datti;
- nazarin kwararan fitila: lalacewa, ya lalace, keɓe daban don sarrafa aiki mai zuwa;
- rarrabe kayan dasawa da girman (kawai manyan kwararan fitila masu fure, ƙananan kananansu da kayan adana adanasu ana haɗa su daban).
Ya isa a wanke albasa mai lafiya a cikin maganin maganin manganese. An yanke sassan da keɓaɓɓen sikeli tare da wuka. An riga an goge mashin da hydrogen peroxide ko chlorhexidine. Yankin da wuraren da aka lalace yayin tono suna yayyafa tare da allunan da aka lalata na carbon. Idan babu kwandon shara, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da magungunan rigakafin magunguna da ake samu a cikin majalisar ministocin gida:
- maganin aidin;
- zelenka.
Mahimmanci! Af, maimakon potassium permanganate, lambu sau da yawa amfani da wani bayani na nazarin halittu fungicides: mai karfi jiko na albasa husks da calendula furanni. Putrid fungi da ƙwayoyin cuta sun mutu bayan awa ɗaya bayan an fallasa su.
Lambu suna fara aiwatar da kwararan fitila bayan an cire kara. Nan da nan bayan digging da tsire-tsire, ya kamata ka rigar
Lokacin da amarya ta kasa, abin da zai yi anan gaba an bayyana shi a sashin da ya gabata na labarin. Yanzu yana da kyau mu zauna akan lokacin tsaftacewa. Wasu suna ba da shawara: "Na zaɓi rana ba tare da ruwan sama ba - kuma don aiki!". Ruwan sama mai haske ba matsala ba ne idan ƙasa ta bushe. Yana da kyau a lokacin da babu hazo da lokacin farin ciki fogs game da kwana uku kafin digging.
Yana da kyau yayin da ƙasa ba ta manne wa shugabannin tsirrai ba. Bulbsan ƙaramin fitila matasa sun fi kyau bayyane a cikin ƙasa, haɗarin lalacewar manyan kawuna an rage shi.
Farin ganye mai rawaya ba koyaushe alama ce ta diyya na neman aure. Ganyayyaki sun koma launin shuɗi,
- tare da rauni na fusarium;
- kamuwa da cuta tare da ganye nematode (ƙananan tsotsa kwari).
Useauki buƙatar a tsabtace shi a lokaci guda kamar tulips. Wannan shine kusan tsakiyar watan Yuli. Wadanda suke girma hazel grouse koyaushe sun san fure lokacin da zasu tono shuka. Ana shawarar sabon shiga don tono fure na ƙarshe, duba idan tushen ya bushe. Idan suka mutu, suka zama garaje, lokaci ya yi da za a tono kwararan fitila.
Mahimmanci! Af, ba kwa buƙatar jira har sai kara ta bushe. Idan chlorophyll ba ya kafawa a cikin ruwan ganye, ya nuna launin rawaya, ƙwayar tana shirya hutawa.
Ba shi da kyau a bari a yi laka da digo, musamman idan ana cajin ruwan sama ko kuma akwai bambanci mai kyau na yanayin dare da rana. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin yanayi, kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa sun fi saurin kamuwa, kuma rot ke tasowa da sauri akan sikeli. Lokaci da aka yanke don cire kawunan fure daga ƙasa shine tsakiyar watan Agusta.
Kwararan fitila da aka bushe a cikin busassun yanayi suna da sauki a tsaftace. Fim, Sikeli bayyane a kanta. An yi yankan ƙasa mai yashi da goga.
An zaɓi wurin adana abubuwa bisa ga sharuɗɗa da yawa:
- ƙananan zafi (ba fiye da 65%);
- rashin hasken rana kai tsaye (an ba da izinin fitilun wuta, tunda an cika kwararan fitila da ciyawa ko peat);
- zazzabi daga + 25 ° С zuwa + 30 ° С.
Tushen an halitta shi ta hanyar yanayin ƙasa na watan Agusta, wanda ya sa hazel grouse cikakken annashuwa, dage farawa furen fure don bazara mai zuwa. Yawan inflorescences kai tsaye ya dogara da hanyar ajiya. A gida, da kwararan fitila ba a sanya saboda m pungent wari.
Kafin dasa shuki, an tsabtace kayan girbi a cikin wurin da iska ke motsa shi zuwa sama alamar da ake so akan ma'aunin zafi da sanyio. Ana ɗaukar ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi, ko ƙaramin sashi na siton na wani ingantawa, ana ɗauka kyakkyawan zaɓi.
Dole ne a adana fuka-fukan har sai Satumba, lokacin da lokaci ya fito, yakamata tushen ya bayyana a kansu. Yayin ajiya kayan abu a cikin sabon wuri, ana duba shi lokaci-lokaci. Suna ɗokin gani idan ɓoye ya bayyana a wuraren ɗaukar abubuwa. An ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kwararan fitila da suka lalace da kuma flakes da suka rage don dasa An dasa kayan shuka a cikin matsanancin sanyi.
Mahimmanci! Albasa tare da ko ba tare da tushe mai lalacewa ba lokacin ajiya wasu lokuta suna haifar da ofan'yan '' yara '. Ba za a iya rarrabe su ba kafin dasa, bar zuwa tushe. Amma ba za a sami fure daga irin wannan kayan shuka ba.
A ƙarshen ajiyar ajiya, ana iya ganin tsiro daga kowane kai, kuma har zuwa harbe huɗu zuwa girma daga manyan kwararan fitila. Tushen shimfiɗa da sauri kawai tare da babban zafi.
Don sanya kawuna zabi:
- kwali na kwali daga takalma masu sauki a buɗe;
- tsauraran raga kwantena (akwatunan 'ya'yan itace);
- kwalaye da kewaye.
"Yara" ana adana su daban, an dasa su a wurare masu nisa, zasu buƙaci shekaru da yawa don haɓaka. Abubuwan haɗi na sarki na cikakken fure ya kamata ya girma zuwa 7 cm a diamita.
Af, ana haƙa nau'in albasa-ƙananan kuma an adana su daban don kada rikicewa a lokacin shuka.
Mahimmanci! An saka kawunan shugabannin ne domin kada su taɓa juna. Madadin peat ko bushe ciyawa (yayyafa ciyawa ko busasshiyar ciyawa), wasu yan lambu suna amfani da takarda na takarda ko tsofaffin jaridu, suna kunshe kowane kwan fitila daban.
Duk kayan dasawa da za'a iya ceta yakamata a dasa a farkon kaka. Lokacin da buƙatar hazel hazel, za a dasa shi a cikin sabon wuri, zaɓi wuraren inuwa mai kariya daga iska. Tare da fashewar ruwa mai zurfi a cikin yankunan da ambaliyar ruwa, ya zama tilas ya zama tilas. Pre-tattalin saukowa yadudduka na kasar gona. An yi amfani da yashi a matsayin yin burodi; ana gabatar dashi har zuwa ¼ girma a cikin cakuda ƙasa. Duniya cike take da humus, takin zamani.
Zurfin katako mai tushe ya kamata ya zama sau 2-2.5 fiye da girman kwan fitila. A ƙasan farfajiyar fossa, ana yin datti da yashi, zai zama da sauƙi a cire kayan hazel tare da shi.
Af, don rigakafin tushen rot, an kula da ƙasa tare da Fitosporin. Wannan kwayar halittar fungiyar cuta wani garkuwa ce ta fungi da ke haɓaka kwayoyin cuta. Mycelia sune masu adawa da cututtukan fungal kuma suna hana su ci gaba.
Lokacin da kwayoyi masu girma suka yi girma a kan kwan fitila, ana ajiye su a hankali don kada su fashe. Grouse ba shi da lokacin da zai dawo da tsarin tun kafin lokacin hunturu
Nisa tsakanin manyan kwararan fitila daga 20 zuwa 30 cm, "yara" za'a iya dasa su a cikin tsarin dubawa bayan 5 cm.
Mahimmanci! Shuke-shuke (musamman ma waɗanda ke da "yara") an rufe su da rassan spruce ko kuma ɓoyayyen rassan, an rufe su da kauri mai kauri irin humus, peat, bambaro. Sanya shingen riƙe dusar ƙanƙara a gefen mara lafiya.
Don haka, yana da fa'ida a shuka kayan aikinka, saboda kwararan fitila ba su da arha. Useaƙara Yinratorsky yana ɗayan kyawawan tsire-tsire na fure mai tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Wannan perennial faranta tare da mai haske buds, yayin da sauran tsire-tsire suna samun ƙarfi kawai.
