Dolphinium perennial

Delphinium na iya zama ado na gaske ga kowane lambu. Mutane sun san wannan fure tun lokacin da. Halin halittar motsawa ko rayuwa (abin da ake kira shuka) ya ƙunshi albarkatu daban-daban sama da 400 na na wakilan shekara-shekara da na bayan shekara. Dukkansu suna da kama da tsawon lokacin furanni, kazalika da kasancewar tari ko murƙushe inflorescences.

Asali da bayanin

Homelandasar asalin tarihin tsire-tsire tana cikin Girka, sunan kanta ya fito ne daga birnin Delphi, kusa da wanda adadin waɗannan furanni suka girma. An ba da sunan al'adun ta Dioscorides, wanda tsohon masanin ilimin Girka ne kuma masanin halitta.

Delphinium, bayyanar

Dankin yana da kara mai madaidaiciya tushe, wanda ba shi da wuyar warwarewa, saboda nau'in tsayi zai buƙaci yin garter. Dwarf tsire-tsire masu tsayi na mita 0.1 zuwa 0.4, tsayi - har zuwa mita 2, samfuran gandun daji - waɗannan Kattai (mita 3).

Faranti na fararen tsiron ƙasa da aka watsa, suna da gefuna a kwance. Zasu iya zama mai siffa-siffa ko kuma a dunkule. Launin launi na ganye ya bambanta da launi na fure. Idan duhu ne, to ganyen ya zama ruwan kasa ko jan launi, idan haske, to kore. Tsarin ganyayyaki wasu abubuwa ne daban-daban, adadinsu yana shafar ingancin ƙasa da nau'in halittar larkspur.

Furanni na iya zama:

• mai sauki;
• Semi biyu
• terry.

An daidaita fom ɗin da kanta don pollination ta gwanayen iska, hummingbirds, a ƙasa kaɗan dacewar kuli-kuli. Ta launi, furanni na iya zama shuɗi ko shunayya, siffofin al'adu suna da palette mai inganci. Ana samun inflorescences duka paniculate da pyramidal.

Fure mai sauki

Furanni suna da girman 2-8 cm, wannan an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar jinsuna. Infaya daga cikin inflorescence ya ƙunshi furanni 50 zuwa 80 waɗanda ke kan rabin ɓangaren kara.

Iri da nau'in delphinium

Zai yuwu ka rarraba wakilan halittar halittar mutum zuwa rukuni uku:

• Mafi girma - mafi girman delphinium yana girma zuwa mita 3. Taken faranti suna da koren launi mai cikakken girma, tushe an rufe shi da villi. Inflorescences sune corymbose, mai yawa;
• Manyan flowararrun fulogi - ana wakilta ta shuka na shekara-shekara har zuwa 0.8 m na tsayi. Kara yana da alamar sakawa. Delphinium yana fara yin fure a tsakiyar lokacin bazara;
• Field - kuma ana amfani da shi ga annuals, tsayi - har zuwa mita 2. Lokacin fure shine Yuli-Satumba. Inflorescences sune pyramidal, akwai duka furanni biyu da sauƙi.

Zai dace muyi magana dalla-dalla game da wasu nau'ikan rayuwa masu ban sha'awa.

Delphinium fari

Masu ƙaunar tsire-tsire masu perennial ya kamata suyi zurfin duba halayen Halahard. Abubuwa masu rarrabe sun haɗa da tsayi (kimanin mita 2) da kasancewar furannin fari masu dusar ƙanƙara tare da diamita har zuwa 7 cm.

Farin iri iri

Ana amfani da shuka a ƙirar iyakoki da ganuwar. Da kyau sosai, farin fari yana yankan wuta.

Delphinium rawaya

Wannan inuwa alama ce ta wani irin tsiran alade da ke tsiro a Iran da Afghanistan; Dankin ya kai tsayin cm 120. Waɗanda ke son su girma fure mai kyau ana ba su shawara su sayi kayan Sunan na Sun Knight. Zai dace a bincika fasalin da launin ruwan rawaya mai launin rawaya ya mallaka - wannan babban ƙauna ne mai ƙauna.

Delphinium shuɗi

Kuna iya saduwa da irin wannan wakilin a yankin Caucasus. Wannan perennial ana kuma kiransa kyakkyawan delphinium. Tsawon tsirrai ya kai 0.8 m, inflorescences sun haɗu zuwa 0.45 m tsayi, siffar shine cystiform. Furanni na iya zama shuɗi ko shunayya.

Blue sa

Delphinium blue ana wakilta aƙalla mafi ƙarin nau'ikan biyu da iri: manyan-firiji ko Sinawa, "Royal", "Magic Fountain", "Pacific".

Delphinium shuɗi

Iri-iri, ana kiranta da suna "Sky Sky", zata gamsar da wadancan masoya na shuka wadanda suke son yin fure shudin furanni. Tsawon fern ya kai mita 2. Al'adar Perennial ta fi son yankunan da haske mai kyau da kuma inuwa a lokutan zafi.

Delphinium blue yana farawa a watan Yuni kuma ya ƙare a watan Yuli. Ana iya dasa tsire-tsire iri biyu kuma cikin rukuni. Wani fasalin shine tsayin daka a cikin yanke. Wannan ya hada da Dolphinium na New Zealand.

Terry Delphinium

Wannan nau'ikan ya haɗa da nau'ikan da yawa, amma Black Knight zaiyi kama da inganci. Al'adar ta kai tsayin mita 2 a tsayi, inflorescences suna da tsawo, mai kamannin kyan gani, launin furen yana da shunayya, kusa da Lilac. A cikin lambun furanni, irin wannan shuka yana da kyau tare da sauran wakilan iyalai na zamani.

Baƙar fata

Terry Delphinium yana da wakilcin waɗannan nau'ikan:

• "The Black Knight";
• The Guardian
• "Hasken harshen wuta."

Ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda

Kuna iya samun iri-iri masu ruwan hoda ta sayan waɗannan nau'ikan:

• "Princess Carolina";
• "Red Giant";
• "Dusky Maiden";
• "Jin Dadin Raha";
• "Alkawarin matasa."

Gimbiya carolina

Pink Delphinium "Wa'adin Matasa" wakilci ne daga tsirrai masu tsayin mita 0.7, furanni suna da ruwan hoda. Duk sauran nau'ikan suna da ruwan hoda a cikin satuttukan daban-daban.

Dasawa bayan sayan a bude ƙasa

Furtherarin gaba, game da delphinium, shekaru masu yawa na dasa da kulawa. Lokaci ya yi da za a fahimci abubuwan da ake faɗa a kan shuka kyakkyawan shuka.

Abin da kuke buƙatar saukowa:

• fern bushes (ya fi kyau a ɗauki tsire-tsire masu shekaru 3-4);
• saukowa;
• tallafi na garter, idan an fifita maki mai tsayi.

Mafi kyawun wuri

Tare da zabi na gari don dasa shuki, fern zaiyi farin ciki ga mai shi da kyawawan fure. Ka’idojin asali sune kamar haka:

Wurin saukowa

1. Kasancewar kyakkyawan fitila. Matsayi mai kyau shine inda akwai hasken rana da safe da maraice, da kuma shayin rana. Al'adar tana yarda da zafi sosai, amma idan ire-iren suna da launin haske, za su shuɗe ƙarƙashin hasken rana, wanda zai kai ga asarar kyakkyawa da adon ado.
2. Tabbataccen bayani. Daga cikin dabbobin ruwa akwai babban adadin nau'ikan tsayi, iska mai saurin iska zata iya karya mai tushe.
3. Bai kamata a sami kwararar kwararar ruwa ba. Idan ba'a cika danshi a cikin ƙasa na dogon lokaci ba, to, tsarin tushen zai lalace.
4. Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga ƙasa.

Yadda ake shirya ƙasa

Lokacin girma dabbar dolphinium, idan saboda wasu dalilai ƙasa a shafin ba ta dace da maƙasudin ba, ana iya haɓaka shi. Don ƙasa amfani da yumɓu:

• yashi - baho 1-2 a 1 m²;
• takin ma'adinai - 50-80 grams a 1 m²;
• humus ko takin - 20-25 kg a 1 m².

Asar da take bushe kafin dasa shigan rayuwa, wadatar da 1 m²:

• saman kayan ma'adinai - 40-50 grams;
• takin gargajiya - 10-15 kg.

An kara lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa na acidic, kuma ana ƙara sulfur a cikin granules a cikin kasa na alkaline (30-50 grams a 1 m²).

Mataki-mataki ƙasa saukowa

Delphinium saukowa yana faruwa bisa ga ka'idar mai zuwa:

• Digging cikin ƙasa akan shebur.
• Ruwan magudanar ruwa na cm 20 an shimfiɗa ta.
  

  Yankan

• Exasa mai zurfin da aka haɗe da takin mai magani: takin - guga 1, ash - 2 kofuna, abincin kashi - 1 kofin, superphosphate - 2 tablespoons. Ana yin lissafin adadi akan 1 m².
• Ana loda seedlingsan itacen nan da ke ƙasa har ƙasa ana binne tushen wuya fiye da 2-3 cm.

Kiwon dabbar dolphinium

Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don kiwo na gida.

Yankan

Yanke tsire-tsire a cikin bazara, bayan haɓakar matasa harbe. Da zarar sun kai girman 10 cm, za'a iya yanke su a tushen tare da karamin barbashi. An dasa yankan a cikin akwati da ta dace tare da ƙasa, kasance da zurfafa tushe daga cm 2 Tsarin yanayin zafin da ya dace a cikin ɗakin shine + 20-25 ° C.

Sanya mari a cikin wuri mai faɗi sosai, ba ya da kyau a zaɓi inuwa mai haske. Ana amfani da tsari daga gilashin gilashi ko polyethylene don ƙirƙirar yanayi-kamar yanayi. Bayan kwanaki 14-21, farawar tushen tsarin ya fara. Tsawon lokacin yana ɗaukar kwanaki 28-35.

Noma

Wannan hanyar ta ƙunshi zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu: ana shuka iri a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, ko kuma an fara samun seedlings daga garesu, to, sai a dasa shuki zuwa shafin.

Yadda ake samun shuki

Za ku iya cimma fure a farkon shekarar rayuwar 'ya'yan itace ta hanyar yin wannan shirin:

1. Za'ayi shuka ne a watan Fabrairu (a gaban phytolamps don ƙarin haske) ko kuna buƙatar jira har sai lokacin hasken rana yayi ƙaruwa.
2. Ana kula da tsaba a gaban dasa.
3. Zaɓin iyawar shuka shima yana da mahimmanci. An bada shawara don amfani da kwantena na seedling tare da zurfin m, wanda akwai ramuka na magudanar ruwa.
4. Preparationasa shiri. Kuna iya amfani da ruwan magani na duniya baki ɗaya don shuka ko don maye. Ga waɗanda suke so su yi da hannuwansu: 2 sassan peat, 4 sassan lambu ko ƙasa, 2 sassan humus ko takin, 1 ɓangaren yashi. A ƙasa dole ne a sieved, ƙara perlite a cikin kudi of gilashin 1 a kowace lita 10 na duniya.
5. Disinasa mai narkewa ne da za'ayi (dumama a cikin tanda na minti 60). Idan aka sayi cakuda, to lallai ne a zubar dashi "Fitosporin."
6. Cika tankuna da ƙasa, shuka kayan a farfajiya, basa buƙatar zurfafa da murƙushewa.
7. Don yin yayyafa, ana amfani da cakuda vermiculite ko ƙaramin ƙasa kaɗan.
8. Rufe kwantena tare da lids ko polyethylene, sanya amfanin gona a cikin duhu mai sanyi. A nan za su fara girma.

Tsaba fara girma a tsakiyar mako na biyu. An ba da shawarar cewa daga kwanaki 7 (bayan dasa) gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun na shuka. Da zaran albarkatun gona suka bayyana, zasu buƙaci a tura su zuwa ɗakin da yake da ɗumi. Mazauna matsara suma a kashe

Ana samun furanni na Delphinium daga tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi:

• m ƙasa;
• hasken rana awa 12-14;
• zazzabi + 18-20 ° С.

'Yayan itace

Ana ɗaukar hoto lokacin da ganye 2 na gaske suka bayyana. Sprouts bukatar a sanya a cikin kananan kananan kofuna, kasar gona zai zama iri ɗaya da cewa amfani da germination, kai ma kana bukatar ka ƙara hadaddun ma'adinai taki a cikin kudi of 2 tablespoons da lita 10 na ƙasa.

Saukowa a gonar

Ya kamata a dasa fure mai fure na Delphinium a cikin rabin na biyu na Afrilu, wajibi ne don fara tare da shirye-shiryen gonar:

• tono ƙasa 30 cm;
• don ciyar da nau'ikan hadaddun;
• yi tsagi zuwa zurfin 1.5 cm;
• yin yawan ruwa;
• yada kayan iri a gefen tsagi;
• cike da busasshiyar ƙasa.

Don samun harbe da sauri kuma mafi aminci, an rufe gado na lambu don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore ta amfani da agrofibre ko fim mai duhu. Gadajen suna buƙatar a jika shi lokaci-lokaci domin kada su bushe. Kuna iya cire kayan bayan fitowar a cikin kwanaki 21-28.

Rarraba daji

Kuna buƙatar zaɓar tsirrai waɗanda suka kai shekaru 3-4. Don haifuwa, maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ya fi dacewa lokacin da ganye suka fara girma.

Raba Bush

Daga ƙasa, ya zama dole a cire tushen kuma raba saboda kowane delenka yana da harba ɗaya, toho ɗaya yana barci da asalinsu da yawa. Ana saukar da ƙasa a wani wuri da aka shirya.

Kulawa

Kulawar Delphiniums da namowa basu da alaƙa da matakai masu rikitarwa, babban abinda shine ayi komai a kai a kai.

Yanayin Watering

A lokacin girma, dunƙule ɗaya yana cin lita 65 na ruwa. Idan bazara ba ta cika da ruwan sama ba, to sau ɗaya a mako kowane shayi yana shayar da buhu 2-3 na ruwa. Oftenari mafi yawa, amma ƙasa da ɗimbin yawa, al'adar tana shayar da inflorescences lokacin. Rashin danshi yana kaiwa ga gaskiyar cewa wasu buds ba su inganta gabaɗaya, kuma inflorescences yana samar da voids.

Tare da farko-farkon lokacin kaka, tare da isasshen ruwan sama, ba'a kuma wadatar da ruwa sosai domin dabbobin daji suyi shiri don hunturu mai zuwa. Bayan shayarwa da bushe ƙasa, loosening wajibi ne.

Manyan miya

Ana ciyar da furanni sau 2 a kakar:

• a farkon bazara, urea, potassium sulfate (2 tablespoons na kowane bangare) da 1 tablespoon na superphosphate an ƙara su a 1 m²;
• kafin fure ya fara, phosphorus da kayan miya a saman potassium shine 1 tablespoon a 1 m².

A lokacin furanni

Don samun mafi girma da denser inflorescences, ya wajaba don fitar da ƙanƙanin da ke cikin ɓoye. Wajibi ne don kawar da harbe mai rauni, wanda ya sa a ƙarshen akwai 3-5 mai tushe. Wannan ya shafi duka tsayi da mara girma.

M ƙanshi da nauyi inflorescences sauƙi karya, saboda haka kuna buƙatar kulawa da garter. An shawarar daji don tsaftacewa a tsaurara daban-daban.

Yayin hutawa

Bayan an gama furanni, harbe-harbe sun fara mutuwa, kuma kamanninsu ya bar abubuwa da yawa da za a so. Idan ba a shirya tattara kayan ƙwaya ba, to, mai yiwuwa ne a yanke mai tushe kuma a wuraren da aka yanka shi. Bayan wani lokaci, wasu nau'ikan delphinium zasu iya girma harbe kuma suyi fure a karo na biyu.

Sakamakon amfanin gona

A cikin kaka, tumbulen harbe ba lallai ba ne. Idan ruwa ya shiga cikin rami mai zurfi, to lamari na iya ƙare a cikin lalata tsarin tushen.

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

Bayan an gama fure kuma ganyayyaki sun bushe, ya zama dole don datsa mai tushe a tsawan 30 cm daga ƙasa. Duk ɓoyayyun ɓaɓɓake ne, saboda wannan kuna buƙatar amfani da yumbu ko gonar var.

Idan iri-iri na da sanyi ne mai sanyi, to babu mafaka ta musamman. Ana buƙatar kariya kawai don tsire-tsire matasa. Tushen bishiyoyi an rufe shi da bambaro ko cinya, an sanya tsummoki kusa da tsire-tsire don ruwa mai yawa ba ya cutar da tushen tushe.

Duk da cewa kulawa da haɓakar delphinium suna buƙatar ɗan ƙoƙari, sun cancanci hakan. Spurs za su zama ainihin kayan ado na lambu, wanda ba ya jin kunyar baƙi.