Baka mai ado - dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin buyayyar ƙasa

Albasa mai kwalliya na Allium (Allium) shine tsirowar herbaceous herenaceace ko perennial bulbous shuka, tare da takamaiman dandano da kamshi. Its inflorescences-pompons, ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa ƙananan furanni, ba za a gauraye tare da wata shuka ba. Yawancin nau'ikan suna sa albasa na ado, dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin filin don wadataccen abu ne, sanannen tsakanin lambu.

Dasa albasa mai ado a cikin fili

Allium fure ne mara ma'ana kuma yayi daidai sosai a cikin kowane lambun fure. Onionsanyan nau'ikan zagaye-kai da na durƙusa (daji) albasa saboda matsakaicin matsakaitan tsayi na 50-60 cm sun dace da yin kyawawan hanyoyi. Bambancin Bulgaria za'a iya dasa shi tare da shinge marar amfani, wanda yayi ado tare da mai tushe mai tsayin mita da furanni tare da launi na musamman daga kore zuwa burgundy tare da farin kan iyaka a gefuna.

Furanni na Allium

Zabi wani wuri don ƙasa

Girma allium ba zai haifar da matsala ba idan aka samar da yanayi masu dacewa. Ya kamata a zaɓi wurin saukowa a cikin hasken rana na buɗe wani yanki mai tsayi, yana da nisa daga gine-gine, bishiyoyi da furanni. A kasar gona ya kamata sako-sako da, sauƙi permeable zuwa iska, tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Tare da babban acid acid, dole ne a kara lemun tsami a gaba. Sun sauka a watan Satumba ko bazara lokacin da aka saita zafin jiki na dare a 10 ° C.

Ana shirya kayan dasawa

Don narkar da albasarta na ado, ana bada shawara cewa ka zaɓi abu mai kyau. Dole ne a sa ido a kan fuka-fukan kafin a dasa shuki don murhu da plaque. Idan akwai shakku game da ingancin zuriyar, to, zai fi kyau a riƙe shi na mintina 30 a cikin raunin maganin manganese. Idan raunin ya kasance sabo ne, to, an yayyafa shi da gawayi ko aka sanya masa lubricated tare da mafita ta hanyar lu'u-lu'u. Bayan gama tare da lalata, dole ne a dumama kwararan fitila a 40 ° C na awanni 12. Wannan zai kare alliums daga cututtuka (mildew downy, wuyansa rot).

Dasa allurai kwararan fitila

Mataki aiwatarwa mataki-mataki

Canza kayan ado da albasarta na ado a cikin ƙasa yana gudana ne ta wani tsarin:

1. Zaɓi wurin da ya dace don al'adu.
2. Tona ƙasa, sa ta sako-sako da kuma cikakken tare da iska.
3. Suna ƙara takin da toka na itace a ƙasa, suna inganta ƙimar abincirta.
4. Sanya ramuka a nesa na 20-25 cm daga juna.
5. An shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan rijiyoyin (abin da yake dashi na iya zama kowane).
6. Ana sanya fitila a cikin ramuka zuwa zurfin 2 kwararan fitila.
7. Yayyafa ramuka tare da ƙasa kuma a hankali a hankali tare da hannuwanku.
8. Ana ruwa kusan yadda aka dasa kowane kwano da aka dasa.
9. Cutar da saukowa shafin tare da coniferous needles ko itace sawdust.

Allium kiwo

Albasa na kayan ado suna yaduwa ta hanyoyi biyu: ta dasa shuki da ciyawa (ta hanyar kwararan fitila ko ta hanyar dasa ƙwayoyin kwan fitila). Tun da nau'ikan daban-daban na yin fure a lokuta daban-daban, zaku iya ɗauka kuma dasa su a kusa don fure ya ci gaba a ko'ina cikin kakar.

Tsaba

Tsaba don yaduwa ana karɓa daga mafi girman cikakken inflorescences, kamar yadda suke ba da mafi ingancin iri. Kuna iya dasa su a cikin kaka ko bazara, amma bai kamata ku dogara da fure mai sauri ba - wannan ba zai faru ba tun da farko a shekara ta uku, kuma wasu nau'ikan zasu samar da farkon farkon buds koda daga baya (shekaru 4-7 bayan dasa).

A gida, ana aiwatar da tsari kamar haka:

1. Dambu ​​ƙasa an zuba cikin jakar lilin.
2. Tsaba suna nutsewa cikin ƙasa.
3. An cire jaka zuwa ɗakin firiji don kayan lambu na tsawon watanni 2-3, wani lokacin tashi da ruwa.

Lokacin da lokaci ya yi da za a shuka, sai a fitar da tsaba, a cire wadanda suka lalace, kuma ana iya dasa wadanda za su iya kasancewa a kasa kamar yadda aka saba.

Allium - dasa kayan

Hanyar Kayan lambu

Yaduwar kayan lambu na albasa na ado yafi sauƙi fiye da girma daga tsaba. 'Ya'yan kwararan fitila da suka girma sun kasance a hankali sun rabu da uwa ko, a wasu nau'ikan, yanke kawunan fure tare da kwararan fitila da ke haifar da hakan. Don ingantacciyar tushe, duk nau'ikan kayan dasa guda biyu za'a iya bi da su da haɓaka mai haɓaka.

An dasa fitila ko kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa a nesa da 25-5 cm daga juna, tunda ya kamata su sami isasshen sarari don girma cikin shekaru 4-5 masu zuwa (wannan shine za su kasance a wuri guda, yara masu girma).

Kula da albasa na ado tare da allium a gonar

Bayan an dasa allium daidai a ƙasa, kuma dole ne a ba shi kulawa gwargwadon hakan.

Watse

Don haɓaka al'ada da fure, matsakaici matsakaici na yau da kullun wajibi ne, gwargwadon matakin haɓakar halitta. Yawan wuce haddi na danshi zai iya haifar da lalacewa da kwararan kwararan fitila, kuma saboda yawan zafin jiki na kasar gona, za a hana haɓakar shuka. Ko ta yaya, da ƙarancin ruwa ba mai kyau bane illa ga allium, wanda hakan zai iya murmurewa cikin sauri.

Manyan miya

Ana yin suturar da albasarta na ado sau da yawa yayin lokacin ciyayi:

• a cikin bazara, lokacin da gashin fuka-fukan farko suka bayyana saman saman duniya;
• a lokacin bayyanar farkon farkon buds;
• a cikin bazara, bayan kammala flowering na allium, wanda ya sa shuka ta fi kyau.

A cikin lokuta biyu na farko, ana tsire-tsire tare da cakuda takin tare da ash na itace, kuma an shirya shi don hunturu ta amfani da shirye-shiryen granular potassium-phosphorus.

Watering albasa na ado

Kulawar kwan fitila

Bayan ganyen ya bushe, yana da kyau a tono, ya bushe, ya bushe, ya bar kwararan fitila na wasu nau'ikan (alal misali, Schubert, Christoph) kuma adana su a bushe, iska mai iska tare da zazzabi na 18-20 ° C. Irin wannan ajiyar kuma ba zai cutar da wasu nau'ikan da aka girma a yankuna masu ɗumi ba, musamman tunda dole ne a watsa kwararan fitila zuwa sabon wuri duk 'yan shekaru. A cikin bazara ana shuka su a cikin ƙasa, sakamakon bayanin yanayin shuka.

Saboda haka a lokacin hunturu dormant lokacin allium kwararan fitila ba su daskare kuma kada ku sha wahala daga yawan ruwan sama a cikin yanayin Yankin Moscow, ana bada shawara ga ciyawa ƙasa. A lokacin rani, ɗayan matakan kulawa iri ɗaya zai kare shuka daga mamayewa na kwari da ciyawa.

Kulawar bazara

A cikin bazara, gonar da aka dasa tare da allium an buɗe, share, ƙasa ta kwance, ana amfani da takin mai magani kuma an rufe sabon Layer na ciyawa. Ganyen Allium yakan bushe bushewa, wanda zai iya lalata kayan ado na fure. Ba shi da daraja a yanyanka su, in ba haka ba za a fasa abincin abinci mai kwan fitila. Zai fi kyau a kula da wannan a gaba ta hanyar dasa wasu tsirrai da ke kusa da za su janye hankali. Peonies na fure da irises, har da petunias da poppies, buɗe furanni a cikin kullun, sun dace da waɗannan dalilai.

Abinda yakamata ayi idan ba fure ba

Da wuya ya faru cewa allium baya fure. Mafi m, wannan na faruwa ne saboda samarin ɗan shuka, amma yana iya kasancewa hakanan saboda an keta yanayin girma:

• ba daidai ba saukowa;
• Ana dasa kwararan fitila a kan kasar gona mai tsananin wuce gona da iri;
• yanayin zafi bai da dumin sosai.

A wannan yanayin, yana yiwuwa a sami furanni kawai ta hanyar gyara kurakuran da aka yi, in ya yiwu, da fara kulawa da shuka yadda yakamata. Koyaya, lokacin bazara mai sanyi zai hana shuka daga fure a kullun, sannan ya fi kyau a kula da adana kwararan fitila daga ƙasar da ba ta ruwa.

Allium a hade tare da sauran launuka

Ikon kwaro

Kwari da za su iya kewaye allium iri ɗaya ne da albasarta da tafarnuwa. Albasa tashi larvae shirya a cikin kwararan fitila, ruining da shuka. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a dauki matakan rigakafin a cikin yanayi mai dacewa, yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da tsire-tsire tare da cakuda ash da taba, barkono baƙi, ganye mai bushe na ganye.

Babban adadin nau'in allium zai ba da damar kowane mai lambu ya zaɓi wani abu da ya dace da rukuninsu. Ba shi da wuya a yi girma albasa na ado, wanda ake kira allium, amma kwallaye masu haske na inflorescences, batun fasahar aikin gona, zai gamsar da mai girkin da baƙinsa.