Marigolds furanni ne masu haske sosai. Duk da cewa ba masu ban mamaki bane, kamar manyan furannin fure ko wardi, Tagetes suna da kyan gani a hanyar su. Kowa ya san rashin daidaituwarsu da sauƙi na kulawa, amma har yanzu mutane da yawa suna tambayar kansu: yadda za a shuka marigolds daidai? Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar zaɓar ra'ayi. Wasu lambu sunyi imani da cewa marigolds sune tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara na musamman. A zahiri, akwai nau'ikan perennial, amma zaɓin su ba mai girma bane.
Dasa kuma kula da marigolds na zamani
Marigolds Perennial marigolds propagate kai seeding, mamaye wani ƙara babban yankin. Za su yi kira ga waɗanda suke so su ga kaffaraffen kafet na fure kuma a lokaci guda ba ɓataccen lokaci a kan fuskoki na shekara-shekara tare da seedlings. Ya isa ya dasa su sau ɗaya, kuma kowace bazara, ban da tsohuwar marigolds, duk sababbin tsirrai zasu fito daga zuriya. A cikin shekara ta biyu, furanni na marigolds na zamani ya zama ƙara girma kawai. Gabaɗaya, kula da nau'ikan perennial ba su da bambanci da waɗanda takwarorinsu na shekara suke buƙata.
Menene furanni suke?
A kowane hali, ga mutum mai kirki wanda yake so sau da yawa canza ƙirar shimfidar wuri, rayar da shimfidar wuri tare da furanni masu yawa da furanni, tsire-tsire na shekara sun fi dacewa.
Marigolds: girma daga tsaba lokacin da shuka
Girma daga tsaba wata hanya ce mai sauƙi kuma mai saurin girma don samar da marigolds akan windowsill, a kan hanyoyi, a cikin lambu, ko a kan gadon filawa. Idan an shuka marigold a cikin bazara ko ƙarshen kaka, namo iri zai samar da kyakkyawan sakamako. Tsaba na iya overwinter a cikin ƙasa, sun tsayayya wa sanyi.
Don bayani! Plants matasa tsire-tsire da kansu za su yi girma inda tuni an riga an dasa marigolds, kuma don canja wurin su zuwa takamaiman wuri, dole ne a tattara tsaba a ƙarshen bazara kuma a shuka shi a cikin hunturu ko shekara mai zuwa.
Tsaba
Yadda ake tattara Marigold Seeds
Da farko kuna buƙatar lura da kanku waɗancan furanni waɗanda aka fi so. Wajibi ne a jira har furanni sun bushe, kuma mai tushe ya zama launin ruwan kasa, da tattara akwatunan tare da tsaba. Ya kamata a adana su a cikin wuri mai bushe a cikin jakar takarda ko kwali. Idan yanayi yayi damp, cikakken ripening na tsaba ba zai yiwu ba, za su iya rot.
Zai dace a tattara su a gaba: a rana, rani, a yanka bunch of tsire-tsire, rataye shi da kwanciya jaridar. Yayinda tsire-tsire suke bushe, tsaba zasu fashe.
Yadda za a dasa marigolds a buɗe ƙasa
Tabbatar jira har ƙarshen sanyi kuma zaɓi wuri mai duhu tare da yashi ko loamy ƙasa. Tagetes na iya girma a cikin inuwa, amma sun yi kama da rana, sun fi kyau sosai. Ta hanyar tono tsagi tare da zurfin kusan 5 cm, zaku iya shuka tsaba kuma ku cika su. Idan seedlings sun yi yawa, bakin ciki ko fitar da su.
Marigold seedlings: lokacin da shuka da kuma yadda
Ya danganta da yankin, lokacin shuka shuki yana daga tsakiyar Maris zuwa farkon Mayu. Wajibi ne a lissafta ta domin bayan watanni 1.5-2 dusar ƙanƙarar, kuma za'a iya dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Misali, a cikin yankunan karkara zai kasance ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu.
Mahimmanci! Don marigolds na bakin ciki, Afrilu ne ya dace da su suyi fure a watan Yuni.
Idan 'ya'yan marigold basu tsoron tsoron sanyi kuma a kwantar da hankula a cikin ƙasa aƙalla duk lokacin hunturu, tsire-tsire waɗanda suka riga sun girma zasu iya mutuwa daga dusar ƙanƙara, don haka bai kamata ku haɗarin shi ba idan har daren ya yi sanyi.
Soilasa don marigolds yakamata ya kasance mai gina jiki, ya fi dacewa don haɗa peat, humus, turf da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1: 0.5. A kasan akwatin tare da seedlings a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, shimfiɗa matattarar ruwan yashi, yumbu da aka faɗaɗa ko ƙananan pebbles. Don haka ba za a riƙe danshi ba, yana haifar da jujjuyawar tushen sa.
Kula! Akwatin filastik na yau da kullun tare da ramuka a ƙasan da ruwa mai yawa zai kwarara ya dace kamar akwati.
Yawancin tsire-tsire na Marigold sau da yawa suna rashin lafiya tare da ƙafa na baƙar fata, kuma don hana wannan, yana da mahimmanci don kula da ƙasa kafin dasa shuki tare da mafita na fungicide ko potassiumganganate. Ana iya yin wannan, alal misali, amfani da tukunyar jirgi biyu.
Zai fi dacewa a shirya dasa shuki da kansu. Don yin wannan, kunsa su a cikin rigar auduga mai laushi, saka a cikin jakar filastik kuma bar shi da dumin. Babban abu shi ne cewa zazzabi baya tashi sama da 25 ° C, in ba haka ba alamun za su mutu. Idan dakin 15-20 ° C ne, bayan kwanaki 5-7 tsaba za su yi girma. Gabaɗaya, yanayin gida ya dace sosai ga duka tsaba da tsire-tsire. Babu buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman don haɓaka marigolds.
'Yayan itace
Yanzu ana iya dasa su a cikin kwandon shara tare da ƙasa mai kulawa. Bayan kun yi tsagi 2 cm zurfi kuma a lokaci guda a junan ku, kuna buƙatar rufe ɗaukan don su kasance a farfajiya.
Don bayani! An ba da shawarar sanya ƙananan bayanan kula da sunan iri-iri a kusa da tsagi, in akwai da yawa. Don haka zai yuwu a tantance wanne ya fi kyau saya a gaba.
Idan babu wani marmari na tsiro tsaba a wucin gadi, ana iya rufe ganyen a saman wani abu mai ma'ana. Soilasa a cikin akwati ya kamata kasancewar danshi. Mitar iska mai tazara zata kare tsiron daga kafafun baƙar fata, kuma bayan fitowar harbe-harben abokantaka, matsuguni ba lallai ba ne.
Gabaɗaya, marigolds ba mai ɗaukar hoto ba ne, dasa shuki da kulawa ba zai ɗauki lokaci mai yawa ba, sai dai idan yana da mahimmanci a kai a kai ruwa da kwance ƙasa. Tsire-tsire suna son wuraren rana, saboda haka ya fi kyau a sanya seedlings a taga, amma ya kamata a guji faɗakarwar rana kai tsaye.
Mahimmanci! Idan grower bai san yadda ake ciyar da marigolds don fure mai yawa, takin gargajiya na al'ada don furanni sun dace. Kodayake ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da waɗannan tsire-tsire, za su rigaya su yi fure mai girma tare da kulawa mai kyau.
Zaba
Lokacin da marigold seedlings suna ba ainihin ganye na gaske 2-3, tara ba zai zama superfluous ba - dasa shuki a cikin kwantena daban. Wannan zai karfafa tushen tsarin. Soilasa ɗaya tak ta dace da farko, zaka iya ƙara ash ko nitroammophosk a matsayin taki. Shuke-shuke za su amfana daga riguna masu ma'adinai waɗanda ke ɗauke da nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium, ya isa ya ɗauka a cikin adadin 1 tbsp. cokali. Ana ƙara ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa zuwa kimanin cotyledons. Kamar yadda tukwane na mutum, alal misali, kofuna na filastik na yau da kullun daga kirim mai tsami, yogurt ko akwatin seedling na musamman, wanda aka kasu kashi daban, na iya aiki.
Kula! Lokacin da marigolds suna da ganye sama da huɗu, lokaci yayi da za a tokare su. Ana buƙatar tsunkule don kada tsire-tsire ya shimfiɗa shi, amma ya fi dacewa. Wajibi ne a datsa ɓangaren ɓangaren gangar jikin, ya bar ganye 4-5. Bayan wata daya, ana iya maimaita hanya.
Idan da alama cewa girma marigold seedlings na tsayi da tsayi da wahala, akwai wata hanya mafi sauƙi: a watan Yuni, zuba tsaba kai tsaye cikin ƙasa, ba za a ji tsoron sanyi ba. Sannan ta hanyar watan Agusta, marigolds zasuyi fure.
Marigolds: dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin ƙasa buɗe
Sai kawai lokacin da sanyi ya wuce, ana iya dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Kuna buƙatar zaɓar wuri mai zafin rana tare da tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa mai acidic, yashi ko loamy. Koda tsire-tsire masu fure suna kwantar da hankula game da dasawa, ba lallai ba ne don kiyaye tushen ƙwanƙolin.
Mahimmanci! Mararancin marigolds na iya girma a nesa na 10-15 cm daga juna, nau'ikan matsakaici sune mafi kyawun dasa santimita biyar, kuma tsayi marigolds mafi kyau shine 25-30 cm daga juna.
Watering ya kamata ya faru kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa, ya kasance yalwatacce a lokacin girma, amma har zuwa lokacin fure yana buƙatar rage kadan, in ba haka ba furanni zai lalace. A ranakun zafi, ana shayar da tsire-tsire da safe da maraice. A karkashin zafin rana kai tsaye, ba za a iya yin wannan ba, tunda ƙona akan ganyayyaki yana yiwuwa. Marigolds suna son ƙasa mai cike da iska, saboda haka ya kamata a kwance su da sako sau da yawa.
Tsire-tsire za su yi karin nishaɗi idan kun suturta su, wato, yanke iri iri na buds, amma wannan ba lallai ba ne. Idan ana so, an bar furanni da yawa a kan tsaba. Takin mai magani suna ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan fure, alal misali, maganin 2 tbsp. tablespoons nitrofoski a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Ash ash shima zai amfana da marigolds. Idan ƙasa ba ta da ƙasa sosai, ana iya ƙara humus a ciki.
Saukowa
Cutar Marigold
Yana da muhimmanci a san yadda ake dasa marigolds ba, har ma yadda ake kare su daga kwari da cututtuka. A matsakaici, watanni biyu bayan dasa, farawa ya fara. Idan tagetes ba su yi fure ba, sanadin hakan na iya zama fari ko danshi mai yawa, yalwar taki, ko rashin hasken rana.
Idan fararen farin kaya ya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, wannan siket ɗin gizo-gizo ne. Ba ya son danshi, saboda haka ana iya fesa ganyen da ruwa ko a bi da shi da cakuda ruwa tare da sabulu da sigari, don haka kwaro ya tsere cikin tsoro.
Farin tuffa da gefunan ganye mai alama alamace ta mildew. Suna yaƙar ta da taimakon maganin kwaɓayi na sinadarai.
Powdery mildew
Yankuna masu jujjuya launin fata akan mai tushe suna nuna ƙafar ƙafa. A wasu lokuta ana kara daskarar da potassium na ruwa ga ruwa don sha marigolds, kuma ana kula da kasar tare da fungicides kafin shuka. Idan cutar ta riga ta zo, yana da mahimmanci don cire tsire-tsire waɗanda suka mutu, kuma ƙara ash, perlite ko sandar calcined kusa da sauran. Wannan gaskiya ne ga kowane cututtuka.
Mahimmanci! Kada a bar tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cutar kusa da takwarorinsu masu lafiya.
Tushen Tushen yana haifar da jinkirin ci gaba da launin ganye. Dalilin ya ta'allaka ne a cikin mummunan yanayi. Don shawo kan rot, kuna buƙatar weeding na yau da kullun da kwance ƙasa.
Orange whitefly ya ci ruwan marigold. Warewa daga cikin larvae na wannan malam buɗe ido ƙasa ce mai kyau don haɓaka ƙwayar fata mai laushi, wacce tayi kama da baƙar fata. Magungunan rigakafi zasu taimaka wajen fitar da kwari.
Amma ga waƙoƙin, zaka iya kawar da su da sinadarai. Slugs da katantanwa suna bayyana a kan gadaje fure tare da zafi mai zurfi, Har ila yau, kar ku kula da cin marigolds. Boardsananan allon, halpin dankali ko apples, zane mai yawa zai taimaka. A karkashin su karin kwari suna son tarawa, kuma za a iya hallaka su lokaci daya. Slugs ba sa son ash da lemun tsami warwatse ko'ina. Hakanan zasu iya jin tsoro ta hanyar fesawa tare da bayani tare da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar mustard.
Mahimmanci! Blackananan kwari baƙi waɗanda suka makale a kan mai tushe, ganye da furanni aphids ne. Idan ita ce ta kaiwa marigolds ƙarfi, za a iya kora ta da wani rafi na ruwa. Don dogaro, yana da daraja a sarrafa plantings tare da magungunan kashe ƙwari.
Marigolds yawanci ba shi da lafiya, kuma babban dalilin matsalolin shine kulawa mara kyau. A matsayin gwargwadon rigakafin, ya isa sassauta da sako furanni akan lokaci, akan ranakun zafi don kariya daga rana tare da fim na musamman, takin, amma ba sau daya a wata.
Tagetes gaske unpretentious a cikin kulawa idan aka kwatanta da sauran fure shuke-shuke. Sun dace har ma da fararen lambu da kuma yin ado da kowane gadon filawa, baranda ko gado.
