Ba haka ba da daɗewa ba, an fara amfani da bushes nasturtium don yin ado da gadaje na fure. Har zuwa karni na 16, an yi amfani da wannan tsiron a matsayin ƙamshi tare da ƙanshin da baƙon abu ba. A cikin mahaifar Nasturtium, a Tsakiyar Amurka, mazauna karkara sun ci tushen tsiro. A Turai, da farko sun yaba da dandano na ganye, furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa, sannan kuma suka fara yin shimfidar gadaje na fure a cikin gidajen lambuna tare da kyawawan kyawawan bushes tare da kafaffen ciyawa ko kuma tsayayye.
Cututtuka na nasturtium da magani
Abubuwan nasturtium, wanda ke da suna na capuchin na biyu (lat. Tropaéolum), matuƙan matuƙin jirgin ruwa da ke dawowa daga balaguron Amurka, an kula da su saboda tsananin sanyi. Har yanzu, ana amfani da abubuwan da aka shuka a cikin maganin gargajiya, kayan kwalliya, da dafa abinci.
Nasturtiums azaman ado na bangon gida
Amma inji kanta kuma iya ji rauni - a lush girma daji ba zato ba tsammani fara nufin, da mai tushe Fade, ganye juya rawaya, fure tsaya a nan ba, necrotic aibobi da rot bayyana. Yaƙi cututtukan Tropaéolum ba sauki ba ne, amma idan kuna so, ana iya dakatar da kowace cuta ta dakatar.
Me yasa ganye na nasturtium juya launin rawaya, da abin da za a yi
A cikin yanayin yanayi mai kyau, yanayin nasturtium na thermophilic yana girma kamar shuka iri, amma waɗannan tsire-tsire ba zasu iya jure yanayin sanyi ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi, capuchins suna haɓaka kamar lambun lambun, wanda zai iya girma a matsayin ci gaba mai magana, yin ado kan iyakoki a kan hanyoyi, da tarkace masu karko.
Sakamakon kamanninsa mai ban sha'awa - mai laushi, furanni-biyu ko fure biyu da kore, ganye mai rufe kakin zuma, nau'in nasturtium mai girma yana girma cikin tukwane na adon baranda, verandas. Launin furanni yana mamaye inuwar fararen fata, rawaya, ja, lemo mai ruwan hoda.
Nasturtium a cikin salatin
Canza launi a cikin fure da ganye ba koyaushe yana nuna cututtukan nasturtium ba. Yellowing na ganyen ƙananan rukunin ƙananan shine mafi yawan lokuta saboda gaskiyar cewa suna samun ƙasa da hasken rana, ko tasirin yana da alaƙa da tsufa na shuka.
Mahimmanci! Idan babba ganye ya zama launin rawaya, to kuna buƙatar duba dalilin wannan sabon abu.
Wataƙila yanayin ya yi zafi sosai ko ruwa a kan titi - waɗannan abubuwan biyu suna shafar launi da ganyayyaki. A farkon magana, rana tana ƙone ganyayyaki kuma tsire-tsire sun rasa danshi. Wateringarin shayarwa da shading na bushes zai taimaka wajen gyara lamarin. A lamari na biyu, gurɓatar ruwa na ƙasa yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa Tushen ya lalace, wato, ƙarin magudanar ta zama dole.
Ampelous nasturtium
Baya ga dalilai na halitta ko saboda ajizanci a cikin kulawa, rawaya na nasturtium na iya faruwa sakamakon kamuwa da cuta na tsirrai tare da cututtuka masu yaduwa. Saita don fahimtar dalilin da yasa ganyen nasturtium juya launin rawaya, yana da Dole a kula da karkatar da haɓaka.
Idan waɗannan aibobi ne masu launin shuɗi-kore, ƙwayar nasturtium bar curl, to wannan na iya zama mosaic viral mosaic. Masu ɗauke da cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo ɗaya ne, ƙari, tsaba suna iya zama tushen cutar.
Mahimmanci! Kwayar cutar ta kwayar cuta kusan ba a kashe su ba. Dole ne a hallaka tsire-tsire marasa lafiya.
Me yasa nasturtium baya fure
Insuarancin rashin isasshen lokacin hasken rana, iska mai sanyi, ƙasa mai nauyi, matattarar kula da tsiro, da halayen aikin gona marasa kyau sune dalilan da yasa nasturtium bazai yi fure ba.
Yayin ɗan gajeren rana a cikin rayuwar nasturtiums, lokacin hutawa yana farawa. Shuke-shuke da aka dasa a cikin tukwane na furanni ana girke su a cikin yanayi, amma za su yi fure kawai a lokacin bazara. Canjin yanayin zafin jiki - dare mai sanyi, kwanaki masu zafi zasu shafi ikon tsire-tsire don samar da buds.
Layasar Clay wanda baya bada izinin ruwa ta wuce shi zai cutar da yanayin tushen. Furen gadaje da ke cike da ciyawa, ciyawar da aka toka, ba da tallafi tare da abubuwan gina jiki - yin watsi da dokokin fasahar aikin gona ba zai bada izinin tsiro ba.
Launuka masu haske na nasturtiums
Me yasa nasturtium da ganye mai ganye
Yana faruwa sau da yawa tare da ƙirƙirar yanayin dumama kullun, kwari na nasturtium ya ninka a cikin adadi mai yawa. Wadannan kwari sun hada da aphids. Daga mace daya a cikin kakar daya, lardin da yawa na iya bayyana. Canza su zuwa manyan jinsi na faruwa da sauri. Saboda haka, a daya shuka zai iya rayuwa babban iyali wanda ya ƙunshi ƙarni da yawa na mutane.
Aphids suna ciyar da ruwan lemon tsami kuma suna ɓoye wani abu mai laushi, mai daɗi. Saboda ita, ganyayyaki nasturtium sun zama m, saboda fure don aphids magani ne na gaske. 'Yan lambu suna shuka capuchins domin aphids suna motsawa daga tsire-tsire na kayan lambu zuwa ganye. Sannan ana kula da fure fure tare da kashe kwari ko kuma kawai a ƙone shi da aphids.
Mahimmanci!Aphids suna yaduwa tsakanin tsirrai ta tururuwa. Yaƙi aphids ya kamata ya fara da korar tururuwa daga gonar mãkirci.
Aphids a kan underside na ganye
Me yasa nasturtium ya bushe da kuma yadda ake ajiye fure
Fure da yake fara bushewa a lokacin rani a tsawo na duk sauran tsire-tsire ba shakka yakamata ya haifar da damuwa. Amsar tambayar da yasa nasturtium yayi girma da rashin iya zama iri-iri:
- rashin kulawa
- nauyi mai nauyi
- cuta
- kwari.
Idan ba zai yiwu a kawar da duk abubuwan da ba su da kyau ba, kuma bayan jiyya capuchin na ci gaba da bushewa, dole ne a lalace.
Informationarin bayani! Amma idan shuka ta fara bushewa a faɗuwar, to, wataƙila wannan shine saboda sanyaya, raguwa a tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana. Furen yana fara motsawa zuwa matakin lalacewa.
A wannan yanayin, an zaɓi mai tushe mai ƙarfi lafiya a kan bushes kuma a yanka a cikin yanke tare da 2-3 internodes. Bar ganye 2. Rage su da 1/3. Ana kula da ƙananan ɓangarorin yankan tare da wakili mai tushe kuma an saka shi cikin ruwa don yayi asalin sa.
Bayan bayyanar tushen tafiyar matakai, ana shuka itace a cakuda yashi tare da peat, ana ci gaba da yin ruwa akai-akai. A hankali, ƙasa mai gina jiki da takaddun takaddun takaddun ake karawa a tukwane, yana ba ka damar haɓaka tushen itacen.
A cikin bazara, bayan zazzabi a kusa da 20 ° C an kafa shi akan titi, ana dasa tushen ciyayi cikin ƙasa ko kuma tukwane na fure.
Rooting cuttings
Yaya ake bayyana chlorosis na nasturtium
Rashin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa ko kuma rashin ƙarfi daga tushen samun sinadaran sunadarai daga ƙasa kuma sanya shi cikin ganyayyaki don photosynthesis yana haifar da rawaya na farantin ganye.
Siffar halayyar chlorosis shine ƙwayoyin tsoffin ƙwayoyin cuta a jikin asalin ganye. Nasturtiums sun zubar da ƙwayoyin kwayoyi da furanni, karkatarwa gefuna da rage girman ganye.
Don magani, ana amfani da nasturtium tare da shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da ƙwayar baƙin ƙarfe, wakili na antichlorosis.
Menene mildew powdery a cikin nasturtium (lat.Erysiphaceae)
Powdery mildew shine cutar fungal. Yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na fararen farin plaque tare da cike duhu duhu launin ruwan kasa spore bukukuwa a kan ganye da mai tushe.
Powdery mildew namomin kaza cike da spores
Bayan wani lokaci, murfin ya zama mai yawa kuma ya canza launi zuwa launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Mycelium yana girma, abinci mai gina jiki yana faruwa ne saboda kyallen tsirrai. Nasturtiums yana bushewa, ya daina girma, mai tushe da ganyayyaki sun koma baƙi. Furanni sun rasa roko.
Ana gudanar da aikin tare da shirye-shiryen Fundazol, Skor, Vectra.
Kula! Ana amfani da jijiyoyin kaza daga iska ko ruwa yayin ban ruwa.
Grey rot (lat. Botinetis cinerea)
Cutar tana zuwa tsirrai daga iska. Abubuwan iska suna lalata spores na naman gwari, suna haifar da canji a cikin launi mai tushe da ganyayyaki, laushi na kyallen takarda, lalacewar tushen, faɗuwar inflorescences.
Sanadin cutar cikin sauki mutum zai iya shiga ta hannun mutum bayan ya sadu da wata shuka da ta kamu. Naman kaza yana da iko game da shi: ciyawa akan ciyayi, akan duk gonar lambu da kayan lambu, yana shafan manyan fruitsan andan itun da kuma kananan berries.
Hanyoyi don magance launin toka sun haɗa da lalata cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Da farko, an cire dukkanin sassan tsire-tsire da naman gwari, to, ana kula da bushes na nasturtium tare da Gamair, Alirin, Fitosporin-M.
Tun lokacin da spores daga cikin naman gwari rayuwa a kan tarkace na shuka a cikin ƙasa ƙasa Layer, kafin dasa shuki furanni, ya wajaba a hana cutar - to sassauta, daga ciyayi da gurbata ƙasa a cikin gadaje na fure, don kayan ƙwanƙwasa dasa.
Black Rot na nasturtium (lat.Guignardia bidwellii)
The pathogen Guignardia bidwellii, wanda ke haifar da baƙar fata, ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a kusan duk ƙasashe masu dumin yanayi da yanayi.
An yada, kamar duk namomin kaza, ta hanyar spores. Whitean ƙaramin ɗigon ɗigon dake fitowa akan shuka yana faɗaɗa hankali, juya launin ruwan kasa, sannan juya baki. Abubuwan da ke cikin baƙin ciki suna haifar akan mai tushe da ganye. Jiyya don cutar ta yi daidai da yaƙin da ake yi da ƙwayar launin toka.
Bayyanar cututtuka na marigayi Blight
Fungers na halittar Phytophthora infestans ana kiransu masu cin tsire.
Informationarin bayani! Yanzu an tabbatar da cewa a cikin ƙasa akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 500.
Naman kaza yana fara motsawa daga ƙasa daga ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Na farko, launin ruwan kasa mai launin fari tare da farin fure ya bayyana akan ƙananan sassan mai tushe da ganyen rukunin farko. Naman gwari yana aiki musamman a cikin ruwa mai ruwa da ruwa tare da ciyawar ƙasa.
Yunkurin cutar da pathogen yana farawa ne daga matakan kariya, ba tare da jiran fara cutar ba. Don ƙara juriya daga furanni, ana ɗaukar matakan don daidaita tushen ɓangaren ƙasa tare da abubuwan gina jiki masu mahimmanci - takin mai magani don nasturtium don fure mai yawa.
Don lalata naman gwari amfani da Fitosporin-M, Trichodermin.
Ganyen launin ruwan kasa na nasturtiums (lat. Phyllosticta petuniae Sp.)
Phylosticosis, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, shima nasarorin ne na cututtukan fungal. Pathogens Marigayi Blight da phylosticosis suna gasa da juna, sabili da haka, a lokaci guda, waɗannan fungi ɗin ba su tsayawa a kan shuka iri ɗaya ba.
Informationarin bayani! Don lura da nasturtiums daga launin ruwan kasa, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu na cututtukan fungal, ruwa na Bordeaux, da kuma sulfate na tagulla. Ana aiwatar da aiki sau da yawa tare da tazara tsakanin makonni biyu.
Cikakken zakin kwatancen phyllosticosis suna bayyana tare da busassun ciyayi da kuma ban ruwa na ganye da mai tushe. Sabili da haka, yaƙi da naman gwari ya ƙunshi ba kawai a cikin amfani da sinadarai masu ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe ba, har ma a cikin matakan kariya waɗanda ke tabbatar da isasshen musayar gas tsakanin tsire-tsire.
Alamun lalacewar ganye ta hanyar phylosticosis
Sanadin Cutar Nasturtium
Florists, fuskantar gaskiyar cewa nasturtium ya nuna cututtuka da kwari da sanin yadda ake aiwatar da tsire-tsire, har yanzu ya kamata su fahimci dalilin bayyanar su. Wannan zai taimaka hana faduwar furanni a gaba, ba zai bayar da dalilin yin tunani game da dalilin da yasa ganyen nasturtium ya zama rawaya, buds sun fado, saiwoyinsu suka lalace.
- Yankewan Zazzabi
Tsire-tsire na tsaran tsirrai na Tropaéolum sune asalin yankuna masu ƙarfi masu ban sha'awa. Kuma, kodayake aikin zaɓi ya haifar da fitowar sababbin nau'ikan nasturtium waɗanda suka fi ƙarfin sanyi, har yanzu waɗannan furanni suna buƙatar zafi. In ba haka ba, sun raunana kuma sun fara ji rauni, wannan ma yana iya zama dalilin cewa nasturtium baya fure.
- Watering take hakkin
Da yawa yalwar ruwa tare da ruwan chlorinated ruwan sanyi yana haifar da lalata tsarin tsarin. Abubuwan da ke cikin Organic da na ma'adinai sun narke cikin ruwa, waɗanda ganye da ganyayyaki masu amfani suka yi amfani da su don mahimman ayyukansu, sun daina gudana zuwa saman tsirrai. Ba tare da macro- da microelements, samar da chlorophyll ya daina, kuma kariyar shuka daga cututtukan cuta ta ragu.
- Rashin ƙarfe
Rashin cika dacewar lokacin takin lokacin shirya ƙasa don shuka tsaba ko dasa shuki yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa ƙwayoyin ƙasa ba su da lokaci don aiwatar da sinadarai a cikin hanyar sauƙaƙe don tsirrai. Tsire-tsire ba sa iya samun abubuwa - ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, manganese, koda sun kasance sunada yawa. Tare da rashin ƙarfe, ganye ya juya rawaya, buds sun faɗi, harbe ya bushe
Informationarin bayani! AHanyar fita daga halin da ake ciki na iya zama amfani da nau'ikan magunguna na yau da kullun don abinci mai gina jiki. Mai cheging (kamawa) wakili yana jujjuya abubuwan ganowa zuwa wani nau'in halitta na tsire-tsire.
- Cututtuka hade da wuce haddi danshi
Yawancin cututtukan fungal na nasturtium suna da alaƙa da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a cikin yankin tushen, zafi mai yawa, da kuma yawan ruwa a cikin ganyayyaki.
Yin yaƙi da fungi yana yiwuwa idan rigakafin jiyya na ƙasa da tsire-tsire tare da biofungicides, lalata kayan aikin lambu da Tsarin, da kariya daga tsirrai daga iska.
Magungunan aikin gona da kariya na shuka
Jerin samfuran kariyar tsire-tsire sun haɗa da:
- maganin kwari - sunadarai masu kashe kwari, tare da ƙwai da larvae;
- fungicides - abubuwa masu guba da sinadarai da ake amfani da su don magance cututtuka.
Yadda ake mu'amala da magunguna
Tsire-tsire suna kare juna sosai daga cututtuka da kwari. Tsire-tsire masu fitowar abubuwa masu ƙamshi masu ƙamshi tare da ƙanshinsu suna kafa shinge tsakanin kwari da ƙwayoyin cuta da furanni.
Cutar naman gwari
Phytoncides sun hada da nasturtium kanta, har da tafarnuwa, dill, wormwood, Basil, lemun tsami lemon tsami. Daga mai tushe da ganyayyaki infusions da kayan ado an shirya kuma suna bi da ƙasa ƙasa kusa da matsalar tsire-tsire.
Don magance zafin rana, amfani da magani. Yanayinta na acidic baya bada izinin spores fungal ya ninka akan ganye. Ruwa tare da ƙari na dropsan saukad da aidin yana da kayan antimicrobial. Ana amfani da tsabtace ruwa daga itace ash a matsayin taki da kuma rigakafin cututtukan fungal.
Yin rigakafi da kariya daga nasturtium daga kwari da cututtuka
M ra'ayi - Canarian Nasturtium
Ana iya hana cututtukan Nasturtium a matakin shiri ƙasa da zaɓin wani wuri don dasawa. Pathogens na ƙwayoyin cuta da spores fungal, aphid da whitefly larvae, da kuma dankalin turawa, dankalin turawa, za su mutu a cikin rami da ƙasa. Kamawa da ɓarnar ƙasa mai bushe ba zai rikitar da iskar gas a cikin yankin tushen ba.
Girbi tarkacen tsire zai hana fitowar mahaukaciyar malam buɗe ido. An tsara shi ban ruwa tare da tsaftataccen ruwan dumi ba zai bada izinin ci gaban spores na cututtukan fungal ba, tushen rashin lafiya, tsirrai.
Informationarin bayani! Amfani da kwayoyi na lokaci don magance cututtuka da kwari zai hana mamayewar kwari da ci gaban cututtuka. Kuma a sa'an nan zai yuwu a shuka kowane nau'in nasturtium, har ma da mafi yawan yanayi.
Nasturtium fure ne mara misaltawa wanda a cikin yanayin gida ke yaduwa sosai ta tsaba. Bayanin nau'ikan furanni na waɗannan furanni yanzu, godiya ga Intanet, wanda ya isa ga dukkanin lambu. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan tsire-tsire, idan an hadi su akan lokaci, an kare shi daga cututtuka da kwari, ba kawai zai iya yin ado da lambun ba, amma zai zama girman kan masu mallakarsu.
