Danshi mai ƙauna mai ban sha'awa da fure mai ban sha'awa na fure-fure na itace - hydrangea itace - ya bayyana a Rasha daga Arewacin Amurka, inda yake girma a cikin daji. Masu shayarwa sun sami nau'ikan iri da iri da yawa waɗanda suka sha bamban da launi da girman kambi.
Hydrangea Tree: dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin ƙasa mara buɗe
Shruban daji na daji (sunan Latin "Hydrangea Arborescens") a cikin mazauninsa na al'ada na iya girma har zuwa 3 m, amma nau'in da aka horar sun fi girman girman girma.
Itace bishiyar hydrangea
Kambin ya ba da kansa da kyau don yin hakar, bayan haka zai yi kama da tidier. Saboda haka, waɗannan bushes baƙi ne akai-akai na kayan lambu tare da halartar al'adu daban-daban: furanni, conifers, da dai sauransu. Idan ana so, zaku iya samar da itace ko daji mai ɓoye, a cikin duka halayen yana da sauƙin samun sakamako mai kyau.
Asalin da kuma bayyanar da shuka
Kakannin Amurkawa na Arewa sun samar da tushen aikin shayarwa a duk duniya. Itace almara irin ta zamani kamar itace hydrangea wani daji ne mai tsananin karancin furanni wanda aka rufe shi da ganyayyaki mara nauyi, kore mai haske a gefen gaba da kore mai kauri a ciki.
Bayanin fure
Inflorescences yana da diamita na kusan 15 cm kuma siffar garkuwar convex. An tattara su daga ƙananan furanni masu launi mara kyau, kowane ɗayansu bai fi girma ba tsawon cm 2. Yawancin lokacin furanni ya saba daga rabin na biyu na Yuli zuwa ƙarshen Satumba. A watan Oktoba, tsaba sun girma.
Hydrangea inflorescences
Kula! Manyan furanni bakarare sune mafiya yawan abubuwan gani a cikin inflorescences. Maƙwabta sun fi ƙanƙanta, amma daga gare su ne ake buɗe akwatunan da aka cika da tsaba. Fruiting furanni fure fari, kuma ƙarshe juya kore.
Jinsuna da iri
Tsarin bishiyar hydrangeas bashi da nau'ikan da yawa kamar yadda sauran nau'in shrubs ornamental. Launi na inflorescences ne fari fari ko ruwan hoda. Amma novelties na matasan suna da ƙarin launuka masu ban sha'awa. Kuna iya tsammani game da su da sunan seedling. Dukkansu suna jin daɗin girma a yawancin bangarorin yanayi na Rasha, gami da Yankin Moscow, Urals da Siberiya.
Fari
Wannan rukunin ya fi girma. Ya ƙunshi waɗannan sanannun sanannun sanannun nau'ikan:
- Annabelle fararren itace itace hydrangea, furanni masu kirim suna haifar da inflorescences mai sihiri tare da nasihu ya kai cm 20 Tsawon daji mai tsaurin fari kusan 1.5 m. Yawancin inflorescences suna sa rassan su durƙusa a ƙasa, saboda haka yana da kyau a ba su tallafi. Shekarun rayuwar daji har zuwa shekara 50. Juriya na sanyi - har zuwa −40 ° С;
Farin itacen hydrangea
- Incrediball ya bambanta da Annabelle a cikin manyan inflorescences, har zuwa 30 cm a diamita. A wannan yanayin, da farko furanni fure a cikin wani kore kore, sa'an nan kuma juya zuwa dusar ƙanƙara-fararen huluna. Dankin ya yi tsayi - ya kai mita 3 a tsayi;
- Hayes Starburst shima ciyayi ne mai tsananin sanyi wanda yake da rassa mai karfi. Its inflorescences tare da furanni biyu suna da kyakkyawan launi kuma da farko suna da launi mai launin kore, sannu-sannu ya zama fari. Tsawon daji yakai kimanin mil 1.2.
Ruwan hoda
Irin wannan launi ba alama ce don hydrangea itace ba, amma masu shayarwa suna yin iyakar ƙoƙarin su don inganta yanayin inuwa na inflorescences. Sakamakon aikinsu shine maki:
- Invicible itace ne mai kama da itace tare da inflorescences na duhu mai ruwan hoda mai haske, kusan ja. Mafi yawansu, daji na fure hydrangea yayi kama da Lilac, tunda girman da launi na tsintsiya a kusan ya hadu. A tsawon lokaci, inuwa mai launi ta zama mai haske sosai. An bambanta nau'ikan ta hanyar haƙuri mai haƙuri, juriya mai sanyi kuma ya dace da namo a cikin yanayin gassed;
- Pink Pincushen wani ɗan ƙaramin itace ne har zuwa 1.5 m babba da faɗi 1.2 m. Pyramidal inflorescences suna da launi mai laushi mai laushi wanda ba ya canzawa a duk tsawon lokacin. Yawancin yana da tsayayya ga kwari, yana magance fari da daskarewa har zuwa − 35 ° C.
Sterilis
Wannan nau'in hydrangea ya bambanta da duk wasu a cikin cewa yankan yankan suna da tushe sosai. A daji girma cikin sauri, blooms daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba. Itatcen girma ya kai tsayin 2 m da nisa na 2.5 m.
Sterilis na Hydrangea
Lush inflorescences lokacin da blooming da m-kore launi. A hankali, yana haske, yana zama fari fari. Zai iya tsayayya da tsauraran zafin jiki: duka ruwa sama da tsawan lokaci da kuma tsawon lokacin bushewa.
Sauya bayan sayan a cikin bude ƙasa a cikin ƙasar
Lokacin zabar seedling a cikin gandun daji, samfurori masu tsayi na 50-100 cm ya kamata a zaɓi Tushen su zama aƙalla cm 30. Zai fi kyau siyan itace hydrangea a cikin kwantena tare da tsarin rufewa, saboda wannan shine mafi kyawun tabbacin nasarar rayuwa.
Abin da kuke buƙata don saukowa
Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka sabon bushes a cikin bazara ko kaka. Spring ne wanda ake fin so, saboda a wannan yanayin shuka zai sami isasshen lokacin da zai samar da tsarin tushen sa mai ƙarfi. Idan an aiwatar da dasa a cikin fall, to, bayan ganye sun fadi, da'irar gangar jikin dole ne ya rufe da ciyawa, da kambi - tare da kowane kayan kayan rufewa.
Haɗin ƙasa ba shi da mahimmanci. Mafi mahimmanci shine ma'aunin acid-base, yakamata yayi daidai da pH = 5.0-5.5. An bada shawara don ƙara peat don riƙe danshi da yashi don mafi kyawun numfashi.
Kula! Launi na inflorescences ya dogara da abun da ke tattare da sinadaran, wanda za'a iya gyara shi ta wannan hanyar ta hanyar da ta dace.
Zabi mafi kyawun wuri
Hydrangea ne mai hoto da hoto. Tana buƙatar yanki mai amfani da hasken wuta, wanda da rana za a ɗan girgiza ɗan inuwa. Wannan shine ɗayan dalilan da yasa galibi ana dasa daji kusa da ganuwar gidaje, fences, pergolas. Yawancin nau'ikan suna da rassa marasa ƙarfi, saboda haka suna buƙatar kariya daga iska mai ƙarfi.
Manyan inflorescences suna lanƙwashe rassan bakin ciki zuwa ƙasa tare da nauyinsu, don haka yana da mahimmanci a hango tallafi a gare su. A cikin cibiyoyin lambun, zaku iya samun tsari mai dacewa don kowane daji ko gina shinge a kusa da shi tare da hannuwanku daga kayan da aka gyara.
Hydrangea Itace: Tsarin dasa shuki-mataki-mataki
Umarni:
- An haƙa rami mai dasa 40 × 40 cm da zurfin 50 cm. Idan an dasa bushes da yawa a jere, to, dole ne a ɗauki girman rawanin kambi na waɗannan nau'ikan. Itatuwa mai kauri zai haifar da lalata a cikin halayen ado na daji.
- Ana zuba bokiti 1-2 na ruwa rana guda kafin dasa shuki don cika ƙasa.
- Shirya cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki don cikewa cikin rami. An ƙara adadin peat da humus a ciki, har da g 50 na superphosphate.
- A kasan ramin, shimfiɗa murɗa na bakin ciki na buɗaɗɗen yumɓu ko yumɓu mai yumɓu kamar magudanar ruwa, sannan kuma ka tabbatar da goyan baya ga garter na daji don hana shi zamewa.
- Tsoma tushen seedling a cikin ramin kuma cika shi da ƙasa, nan da nan ciyar da yalwa da yayyafa tare da ciyawa.
Don bayani! Idan seedling ya ɗauki tushe, to, ba da daɗewa ba zai ba da girma mai yawa, kuma a lokacin dasa shuki na bazara a cikin shekarar da tuni ya kasance mai yiwuwa ne a yi sha'awar kyawawan furanni.
Kiwo
Ba zai zama da wahala ba ga masu aƙalla akalla ɗayan hydrangea ba su yada shi a kan wani babban tsari ba da izini ba. An yanke ciyawar da kyau, kuma inflorescences suna ba da sabo tsaba a kowace shekara.
Farfagandar ta yanke
An yi imani da cewa akwai yanayi mafi kyau duka biyu na girbi girbi:
- a farkon watan Yuni. Yanke harbe na shekarar da muke ciki tare da wani ɗan ci gaban shekarar bara;
- a watan Yuli. A apical harbe an yanke, ba da lokacin zuwa gaba daya lignify.
Kyakkyawan dabino yana da nau'i biyu na ganye, daga abin da aka cire ƙananan, kuma aka yanke sauran ganye a rabi don rage yanki na danshi. An yi kambin a hankali
Slices an tsoma su a cikin tushen mai kara kuzari. An shuka yankan akan gado a cikin inuwa m tare da ƙasa mai kwance ko a cikin greenhouse. An binne shi zuwa matakin ƙananan ƙananan kodan. Tushen nasara yana ɗaukar kwanaki 20-30. A wannan lokacin, ganye ya kamata zama kore, kuma buds zai fara girma.
Mahimmanci! Yana da matukar muhimmanci a saka idanu sosai game da zafi, saboda haka ana rufe cutukan nan da nan da kwalayen filastik don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse.
Noma
Hanyar ba ta da mashahuri sosai, saboda shekaru biyu dole ne a shuka ɗan ƙaramin gida a gida, bayan haka kawai za'a dasa shi zuwa cikin buɗe ƙasa don shekara ta uku. Tsaba suna ɗaukar farkon lokaci, kuma an shuka su a watan Fabrairu. Pre-soaked nan na kwana biyu. A wannan lokacin, Tushen ya kamata ya kyankyasar.
Za'ayi shuka ba tare da shigar azzakari cikin farji ba tare da adadi mai tsawo na cm 30. An ɗauki ƙasa da pH = 5.0. Har sai kore kore sun bayyana, ana adana kwantena tare da fim. Wannan yakan ɗauki makonni biyu. Kulawa da kananan seedlingsan seedlings ya ƙunshi babban miya tare da cikakken takaddun takin sau biyu a wata, yin sha, har da feshin ruwa da kullun.
'Ya'yan itacen Itace na Hydrangea
Yayin da suke girma, ana dasa shuka zuwa cikin tukwane masu zurfi. A lokaci guda, suna sauke ganye a cikin fall. Ana shigar da su nan da nan zuwa ɗaki tare da zazzabi wanda bai wuce 5 ° C ba har sai lokacin bazara. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, sanyaya ƙasa a cikin tukunya don hana Tushen bushewa. A lokacin bazara sun koma zafi. Tsarin seedling da aka shirya don dasawa zuwa cikin buyayyar wuri ya kamata ya sami kusan cm 30.
Kulawa
Ko da malamin gona da ba shi da masaniya, ba zai sami wahalar shuka itaciyar itacen hydrangea ba a cikin shirin sa. Tana buƙatar yin ruwa akai-akai, forming pruning da kuma kayan sakawa na zamani.
Yanayin Watering
Itace yana da matukar inganci, tana buƙatar zama cikin ƙasa mai laushi, amma ba a yarda da yin amfani da ruwa ba. Saboda wannan, Tushen zai iya jujjuyawa. Idan daji bashi da isasshen danshi, zai iya rasa dukkannin kuran sa har ma ya riga yayi fure.
Tsarin shayarwa na yau da kullun a lokacin dumi yana daga 1 zuwa 2 sau a mako, dangane da yawan ruwan sama. Shayar da ruwa tare da zazzabi na 20-25 ° C. Don yin wannan, yana da mahimmanci a riƙe ganga a kusa, cike shi da ruwan sama ko ruwan famfo.
Manyan miya
Kafin budding, an gabatar da cakuda superphosphate (40 g), potassium (30 g), urea (20 g) a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara. Ana buƙatar sake ciyarwa yayin budurwa. Kuna iya yin ba tare da urea ba, kuma potassium da superphosphate suna taimakawa 40 g da 70 g, bi da bi. A cikin kaka, kafin ganye ya faɗi a ƙarƙashin kowane daji, 15 kg na taki ya lalace a lokacin bazara a cikin sabon iska.
Kula! Idan daji ya nuna wuce haddi mai rauni na harbe, to, kuyi sha tare da rauni mai ruwan hoda na potassium permanganate yana taimakawa.
Siffofin kulawa a lokacin furanni
Rashin tsananin inflorescences shine babban matsalar. Don kada rassan su karye, suna buƙatar tallafi. Idan ba ka damu da batun ba a gaba, dole ne ka shigar da shi a watan Yuni.
Yanke wilted inflorescences
Kamar yadda inflorescences wither, dole ne a yanka su a hankali tare da secateurs. Suna barin su kawai idan suna son samun tsaba.
Siffofin kulawa a hutawa
Cancantar da hydrangea ita ce cewa alkalami ya bayyana ne a jikin harbe wannan shekara. Idan ba ku datsa ba, da sannu-sannu a hankali bushes yake girma, kuma adadin buds da aka samu yana raguwa a hankali.
Mafi mahimmancin pruning ne da za'ayi a cikin bazara - a watan Maris-Afrilu. Manufarta ita ce cire duk rassan da ke girma a cikin kambi, daskararre da karye a lokacin hunturu, cin zarafin alamar kambi. Idan ka ga cewa daji yana da kauri, ka yanke duk abinda ya wuce. Yawancin lokaci, an yanke firshin na harbe don 3-5 buds wanda ya sa manyan biyu ke dubawa. Nan da nan bayan wannan, zaku iya aiwatar da miya da aka tsara.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A cikin kaka, yana da mahimmanci don cire duk busassun inflorescences, da kuma yawancin harbe na wannan shekara. Matasa rassan wuya yi haƙuri wintering, don haka ya fi kyau a yanka su saboda sabon sabon shoot shoot bayyana daga buds daga cikin lignified rassan.
Kula! Ana buƙatar mafaka don bushes kawai a farkon shekara ko biyu. Don yin wannan, ɗauki kowane kayan kayan rufewa, rufe shi da kambi, gyara shi da tubalin. Hulking da mulching ya ishe tsofaffin tsirrai.
Treelike hydrangea yana da kyau sosai a cikin gonar lambu, musamman idan an haɗa su tare da wasu nau'ikan, alal misali, tsoro. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu yawa na launuka da launuka na inflorescences, masu gamsarwa tare da fure daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba, yana bawa kowa damar siyan sabon abu don dandano. Ba shi da wahala a kula da ita.
