Furen Abutilon yana da faɗi a cikin daji a cikin tsibiran ƙasa da ƙananan kwari. A can ya ji dadi, yanayi mai dacewa yana ba da gudummawa ga wannan. A wasu bangarorin yanayin yanayi, ana samun wannan tsiro ne kawai kamar lambun fure, kuma yana girma a cikin gidajen lambu da yawa.
A cikin gida na Abutilon: bayanin fure
Abutilon (maple na cikin gida) shine tsiro wanda ya shahara tsakanin masu noman furanni saboda fure mai haske, wanda yake kusan kusan duk shekara. Bugu da ƙari, yana da sauƙi don kulawa, don haka ya dace wa masoya fure, fara girma da sauri sauƙi.
Abutilon cikin daji
Abutilon yana da wasu sunaye da suka samo asali a cikin mutane. Mafi mashahuri shine Maple na cikin gida. Ya zo daga takamaiman nau'in ganyen Maple. Wani suna - fitilun kasar Sin - saboda furanni masu haske, saukar da ƙasa, mai kama da fitilun Sina.
Don bayani! Abutilon kuma ana kiranta motar kebul, kamar yadda ake yin fiber mai ƙarfi daga tsiron sa a China da Indiya, daga inda ake samun saƙar, igiyoyi da igiya.
Ganyen Abutilon sunada yawa kuma suna fitar da danshi da sauri. Saboda wannan, zaku iya ƙara girman zafi a cikin ɗaki tare da bushewar iska. Maple ɗin gida ba tsire-tsire bane mai guba, baya haifar da rashin lafiyan cuta, don haka za'a iya kiyaye shi a cikin gidaje inda akwai ƙananan yara da dabbobi waɗanda zasu iya kewayewa da bayyanarsa mai haske kuma suna son ɗanɗano ganye mai kyau ko fure mai haske. Bugu da kari, inji yana da kaddarorin magunguna da dama wadanda masoya magungunan gargajiya zasu iya amfani dasu wajen maganin wasu cututtuka.
Na cikin gida Abutilon - wata shuka wacce bayyanar ta dogara da iri-iri. Masu shayarwa suna ƙoƙari, kuma sabbin nau'ikan suna fitowa koyaushe. Fuskokinsu masu siffar-maza da launuka masu haske, maimakon manyan furanni an tsallake.
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan gida na ciki
Mafi yawan nau'ikan abutilone
Sabbin nau'ikan maple na gida sune abutilons matasan, i.e., wanda aka samu akan kayan kiwo. Amma asalinsu ba shi da damuwa ga 'yan lambu, saboda galibi galibi ya wuce wani, har ma da tsammanin abin tsoro. A yau, zanen gida furen fure ne wanda gabaɗaya kowa zai so daidai saboda yalwar sababbin nau'ikan nau'ikan iri.
Abutilon Bella
An yi imani da cewa Abutilon Bella shine tsire-tsire daban. Amma wannan ba gaba ɗaya gaskiya bane. A zahiri, Bella wannan duka jerin nau'ikan matasan ne, hade da juna ta alamun gama gari.
Kula! Wannan matasan sun bayyana a ƙarshen karni na 20. a cikin Amurka. Wannan shine farkon nau'ikan farko da aka samo musamman don namo na cikin gida na kan gadar windowsill.
Abubuwan da suka bambanta na Abutilon Bell sune kamar haka:
- karami, karamin girman daji (har zuwa 40 cm tsayi), godiya ga wanda ya zama ya dace da girma a gida;
- kananan internodes;
- fure mai yawa;
- tsawon lokacin furanni (fure daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka);
- manyan furanni masu budewa;
- tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ƙanƙanƙan ƙarancin, kamar yadda suke reshe cikakke akan kansu.
Mahimmanci! 'Yan lambu da basu da kwarewa na iya yin kuskure tare da iri-iri. Don kauce wa wannan, kuna buƙatar kulawa da hankali nan da nan ga dukkan alamun Bella. Ko da furanni na shuka suna da fadi, amma yana da tsayi da rashin talauci, to wannan wani salon ne.
Abutilon Bella
Abutilon Bellevue
Abutilon Bellevue cakuda hade ne, haɗaɗɗen mahaɗa, wanda aka samu ta haye wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu kayan ado waɗanda ba su da sunayensu, amma tare da kayansu na yau da kullun. Sunan Bellevue iri-iri fassara a matsayin "kyakkyawan ra'ayi." Abubuwa masu zuwa suna halayyar sa:
- manyan furanni kararrawa tare da diamita na 5 cm;
- ƙaramin babban tushe;
- ƙananan gibba tsakanin internodes;
- ganyayyaki da rassa;
- launuka iri-iri. Lokacin sayen tsaba, ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi wane launi zai faɗi. Koyaya, a cikin jaka guda, yawanci ana sayar da tsaba na inuwa ɗaya.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin sayen tsaba na igiyar Bellevue, tabbas yakamata ku kula da ranar tarin tsaba. Suna riƙe da iyawa kawai don shekaru biyu na farko daga yanzu. Daga baya girbe, mafi girma damar germination.
Abutilon Bellevue
Abutilon Juliet
Abutilon Juliet yana da ƙaunar masu girbin fure, saboda halayenta:
- tsawo na wannan matasan zai iya kai 150 cm;
- babban girma girma. Zan iya girma da 50 cm a shekara;
- babba har zuwa 15 cm ganye na ya sassaka maple siffar da launi mai haske mai haske sosai;
- na iya yin watanni shidda bayan tsiro (a kan dukkan yanayi);
- furen fure 5-6 cm;
- babban haske na furanni. Zai iya zama ruwan hoda, rawaya, ruwan lemo, ja;
- Ya dace da girma har ma da masu farawa.
Kula! Idan kuka sanya tsire-tsire biyu na wannan gida mai launin launuka daban-daban kusa da juna, sakamakon pollination, zaku iya samun sabon launi na furannin abutilon.
Abutilon Snow White
Kyakkyawan nau'ikan maple na gida wanda yake da sauƙi a girma akan sills taga saboda ƙarfinsa. Bayani daban na Snow White sune:
- ɗayan nau'in tsire-tsire masu karamin ƙarfi tare da tsayin daka ba fiye da 30 cm ba;
- raguwar girma girma;
- matsakaici (4-6 cm) manyan furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara;
- ƙananan duhu kore ganye (5 cm);
- yalwatacce da dogon fure.
Abutilon Snow White
Babu bambanta
Variegated wannan fure aka kira ba daidaituwa. Asalin launi na ganyenta ya ba da gudummawa ga wannan. Babban launinsu mai haske ne kore, rawaya mai launin shuɗi ana rarrabe shi a kanta. Hasken rana ya haskaka, ya fi girma girman lamba da yawan waɗannan tozartawa. Yana fasalulluka halaye masu zuwa:
- tsayi za a iya zaban shi a wajan ka. Kuna iya shuka karamin shuka har zuwa 50 cm, kuma ku samar da ingantaccen itace har zuwa 150 cm tsayi;
- a cikin hasken rana, feshi a kan ganyayyaki yana canza launi. Zasu iya canza launin rawaya ko ya zama fari. Tare da rashin rana, suna samun hasken launi mai haske;
- fure mai matsakaici;
- diamita na furanni kararrawa ne matsakaici (4-7 cm);
- ganye suna da girma 7 cm a tsawon.
Babu bambanta
Abutilon Savitsky
Abutilon Savitsky shine ɗan ƙaramin variegated shrub, wanda kuke buƙatar duba da kyau kuma yanke shi cikin lokaci. Mai tushe na iya girma 1.5 m kowace shekara. Don shirya kyakkyawan karamin daji, kuna buƙatar datse shi a kai a kai. Wannan shi ne kawai fasalin kula da shuka, a duk sauran hanyoyin yana da quite unpretentious.
Babban fara'a ya ta'allaka ne a cikin launi mai launi na launin shuɗi-rawaya. Furenninta ya dabaibaye, furanni masu karancin girma har zuwa cm 4. Tsawon rayuwar kowane fure bai wuce kwana uku. Duk da ƙarami da girman fure, shuka yana da ban sha'awa da asali.
Kula! Wannan nau'in ya shayar da 'yan kasashen waje. An samo variegation na ganye sakamakon kamuwa da cuta tare da nau'ikan ƙwayar su ta musamman. Amma wannan kwayar cutar ba za ta yada zuwa wasu furanni ba, don haka babu wani abin tsoro.
Abutilon Savitsky
Abutilon Amelie
Wannan nau'in nau'in an bred kusa da kwanan nan a 2013 ta mai shayarwa Petersburg A. Shitova. Babban fasalinsa shine furanni masu buɗewa, ya kai girman cm 10 cm furanni ya ƙunshi fure biyar da aka shirya a da'irar. Su lu'u-lu'u ne, launin su yana kama da ƙwanƙwasa wuta. Furen yana da ƙasa, har zuwa 30 cm a tsayi, fure yana da yawa. Furanni suna canza launi tsawon lokaci, suna zama launuka masu launin ruwan hoda.
Abutilon Striped Inoor Maple
Wannan nau'in motsi yana da wasu sunaye - motley, hange, fentin. Ya ƙunshi gajere, na bakin ciki wanda zai iya lignify tsawon lokaci. Bell-dimbin yawa furanni na matsakaici. Launi mai haske mai haske tare da jan veins. Itace marigayi, farawa ne a farkon rabin bazara. Inflorescences na iya zama ba kawai mai sauƙi ba, har ma terry.
Abutilon Vera
Vera wani matashi ne na shuka iri ɗaya na shekarar 2013, wani mai shayarwa ne daga ƙasar Rasha. Bayani na musamman sune kamar haka:
- compactness. Abun kallo cikakke ne don girma a ɗaka, tunda tsayinsa bai wuce 30 cm ba;
- launi ruwan kifin salmon na buɗe manyan launuka tare da diamita na 5-7 cm;
- yalwataccen fure mai fure tare da bouquets, a kowane ɗayan furanni 3-4 ana samunsu nan da nan;
- Fuskar ganye mai launin siffa. Tsawonsu kusan 7 cm;
- baya buƙatar datsa; an kafa shi gabaɗaya.
Don bayani! Taranbin ya samu sunanta ne a wajen mahaifiyar T. Tsepkova, mai shayarwa wanda ya buge shi. Ita ce ta lura da shi a kan shiryayye, tsakanin sauran halittun, kuma sun yaba da taushinsa da kyawunsa.
Radiant Abutilone
Hanya mai haske, saboda launin furanni, ta sami wani suna - rana. Bred a cikin Rasha a cikin 2015. Babban halayensa:
- tilasta kai daji, baya bukatar yin kwalliya;
- yalwatacce shekara-shekara fure;
- launi mai haske kullun, ba canzawa lokacin canza haske;
- rawaya mai haske tare da jan veins m furanni masu buɗewa;
- ganye mai matsakaici (5-7 cm), ternate-lobed;
- tsayi 30-60 cm;
- lokacin farin ciki, kambin lush.
Radiant Abutilone
Abutilon Cleopatra
Cleopatra shine matsakaici mai matsakaici wanda tsayin girma ya kai 40 cm ba zai iya samar da kambi ba don kansa, saboda haka wannan nau'in ya buƙaci a zana shi. A cikin karamin shuka, ganyayyaki suna da tsari wanda ba a barin su, daga baya an samar da wani tsari wanda shine daidaitaccen ga yawancin wakilan wannan nau'in. Corolla wata kararrawa ce mai fadi-fadi wacce fitilarta ta kai 7 cm .. Launin furannin da ke ginin ya zama rawaya mai launin shuɗi, sannan kuma ya zama ruwan hoda.
Kula! An kwatanta shi da matsakaici, kusan shekara zagaye na fure.
Meutipotam Abutilon
Abutilon Megapotamian (Amazonian) yana da kamannin asali wanda ya bambanta shi da sauran igiyoyi. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai yawa iri-iri, da wuya a samu a Rasha. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, tsawon rassan zasu iya kai mita 2. Matsakaicin gida shine daji mai matsakaici, rassan cikinsu suna da sassauƙa, ganye suna haske kore tare da rawaya masu launin shuɗi. Furannin furanni - drooping fitilun tare da dogon peduncle. Fuskokin kansu kansu ja ne, filayen ciki suna da shuɗi, gwargwadon shunayya mai haske yana fitowa da ƙarfi. Fulawa ya ci gaba daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka, amma tare da ƙwarewar kulawa zai iya kasancewa tsawon lokaci. Kamar dukkan fitilun kasar Sin mara misalai.
Uwargidan Victoria Abutilon
Mai ban sha'awa da ban mamaki terry iri-iri Victoria mace ce mai matsakaici-sized tare da madaidaiciya, Branching kara. Distinwararren fasalinsa shine nau'in terry terry nau'i na inflorescences da wuya aka samo shi don abutilon. Suna da girma sosai, a diamita na iya isa 10 cm, tare da adadi mai yawa na filayen fure. Launin launuka iri-iri ne launin shuɗi, launin shuɗi mai haske yana bayyane a ciki. Ganyen suna matsakaici, masu kamannin zuciya. Blooms Victoria ta Victoria daga Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Satumba, amma a karkashin kyakkyawan yanayin girma, zai iya farantawa shekara zagaye.
Uwargidan Victoria Abutilon
Abutilon Sello
Sello yana daya daga cikin nau'ikan maple na gida. Duk wani mai sayad da furanni ya saba da shi. Ana kiranta farkon nau'in motar kebul, wanda ya bayyana a cikin USSR. An yi girma cikin ƙasar shekaru da yawa kuma ana yin ta daga ƙarni zuwa zamani. So shi ga masu zuwa:
- tsayi tsayi. Ko da a cikin ɗaki, zai iya yin girma har zuwa 2.5 m a tsayi;
- kyawawan furanni kararrawa tare da diamita na 4-7 cm sune mafi yawan lokuta haske mai haske;
- ganye suna kama da Maple, kore mai haske, ɗan ƙarami
- bayyane wuraren da ganye;
- marar yankewa, cikin buƙatar girki;
- fure daya;
- dogon lokacin furanni - daga farkon Mayu zuwa ƙarshen Nuwamba.
Mahimmanci! Ba za a iya yin namo Sello ba kawai a cikin ɗakin ba, har ma a bude sararin samaniya (yana da kyau kada a dasa shi daga tukunya). Amma dole ne ya kasance hunturu a cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi.
Abutilon The Little Prince
Princean yarima ya sami sunan shi ba tare da izini ba, saboda a zahiri girman sa ba ƙarami bane, ya kai 1.5 m ba ga tsawo. Furanni suna drooping, inflorescences - karrarawa 5-7 cm a diamita. Launi na iya zama fari, ja ko shuɗi tare da jijiyoyin da aka furta. Yana tono daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba.
Abutilon Lilac Abin Mamaki
Lilac Wonder shine kyakkyawar motar motar USB mai ban mamaki, mai kama da daji mai ƙarfi wanda ke da launuka masu haske. Yana yarda da pinching da trimming, har ma da kadinal. Babban halayensa:
- mai ganga mai ƙarfi, wacce ba ta buƙatar ƙarin tallafi;
- nau'in fure - kararrawa-fadi-baki, tare da diamita na har zuwa 7 cm;
- fure mai haske, furanni waɗanda a cikin da'irar suna da kama da juna, ta haka ne suka haifar da rudu irin na terry;
- fure na iya ci gaba shekara-shekara;
- tsayi sama da 70 cm;
- ganye suna zagaye.
Yadda ake girma abutilon a tukunya
Mai yawa ya dogara da zaɓin tukunya madaidaiciya don wannan fure, haɗe da fure, wanda, idan ba'a zaɓi madaidaiciya ba, maiyuwa bazai faru ba. Yana buƙatar ƙaramin tukunya, saboda in ba haka ba zai ƙara haɓaka tsarin tushen, ba ɓangaren ƙasa ba. Jirgin ruwa wanda ke da diamita na 12 - 14 cm daidai ne ga saurayi mai launi .. Launi ma yana da mahimmanci, amma tukunyar kada ta kasance baƙar fata. In ba haka ba, ƙarƙashin rinjayar hasken rana, yana jin zafi kawai. Daya daga cikin fa'idodin abutilone shine kulawa. Ba wuya a buƙace shi ba idan an tsara duk yanayin yadda yakamata a fara shi kuma a kiyaye kullun.
Forasa don haɓaka da haifuwa na abutilon ya zama mai sauƙi da wadatar abinci. Abun da aka shirya don tsire-tsire na fure, wanda aka sayar a shagunan fure, ya fi dacewa. Hakanan, igiya da aka dasa tana da matukar son ciyarwa. Yana buƙatar ciyar da ita aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako. Watering yana da matsakaici, amma na yau da kullun, dole ne ku ƙyale overdrying na ƙasa, tabbatar da saka Layer magudanan ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar don guje wa turɓaya daga danshi.
Kula! Fitilar kasar Sin ta fi son wuraren da aka kunna fitila mai kyau, gefen kudu kuma ya dace, amma ya fi kyau a guji tsawaita wajan fuskantar hasken rana kai tsaye don gujewa konewa.
Yadda abutilon ke yadawa
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yaɗa fure - tsaba da ƙwaya. Dukkanin waɗannan, kuma ɗayan suna da tasiri da tasiri. Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a shuka su. Hannun auduga za su taimaka a cikin wannan. Suna buƙatar a soya su da ruwa kuma a kwantar da su a ƙasan akwati. Yada tsaba a saman, rufe akwati tare da murfi kuma sanya a cikin wurin dumi. Da zaran Tushen (kwanaki 4-8) sun bayyana, dole ne a dasa su nan da nan a cikin ƙasa. Kada a sanya tsaba a cikin zurfin zurfafa don a kauda su yadda yakamata, saman ƙasa ƙasa na 2-3 mm zai isa. Kuna iya fara ɗaukar riga lokacin da ganye na gaske 2-3 suka bayyana. Suna zaune a cikin kwantena na ɗan lokaci, yayin da suke girma, ana watsa su cikin manyan tukwane.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa tsaba zasu girma da sauri kuma matasa shuka zasuyi fure a farkon shekarar, hanyar cuttings yafi sauki kuma mafi inganci. Babban mahimmancinsa:
- lokacin grafting, zaku iya kasancewa da tabbacin cewa tsire-tsire matasa za su riƙe duk abubuwan fasalin iyayen matasan;
- daga dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa zuwa farkon fure yana ɗaukar watanni 4-5 kawai.
Yaduwa da itace a cikin ruwa
Abutilon abu ne mai sauqi ga yaduwar tsiro ta hanyar itace; har ma da ƙwararraki mai ƙwarewa zai iya jure wannan tsarin. An yanke harbe 10-20 cm daga tsire-tsire na balagaggu, ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, amma an haɓaka shi da kyau. Idan akwai wata shakka game da wannan, to kawai zaku iya yanke saman, hakan zai yi. Yakamata ya sami guda 3 na ciki.
Kula! Zai fi kyau kada ku dasa shi a cikin ƙasa nan da nan, amma don shuka shi a cikin gilashin filastik tare da ruwan famfo mai kyau a ɗakin zazzabi. Kafin raguwa cikin ruwa, dole ne a kula da yanki ta hanyar maganin antiseptik, zai fi dacewa da asalin halitta, alal misali, tare da ash.
Matsayin ruwa a gilashin ya kamata ya zama ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi sama da na internode na uku, amma ba ƙasa da na farko ba. Ruwa baya canzawa gabaɗaya, amma ana ƙaruwa ne kawai a duk tsawon lokacin. Ana kafa tushe da sauri idan zafin jiki na sama bai wuce 24 ° C ba, kuma gilashin tare da shuka an rufe shi da jakar filastik. Tushen germination zai faru a cikin makonni biyu.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli masu yuwu lokacin girma
Abutilone sau da yawa yakan cutar kwari ba tare da wani dalili ba bayyananne. Mafi mashahuri sune kamar haka:
- whitefly shine malam buɗe ido wanda ƙwayayensa ke ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ganyayyaki. Kuna iya samun bakin ganyayyaki, an rufe shi da duhu mai duhu, da kuma rawaya rawaya da faɗuwa. Don kawar da matsalar, kuna buƙatar wanke muryoyin daga ganyayyaki tare da rafi na ruwa kuma ku bi da su da kayan aiki na musamman daga shagon. Bayan haka maimaita aikin har sai an magance matsalar gaba daya;
- aphids tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga yara ganye, na taimaka wa su curling da wilting. Yana haihuwa sosai da sauri. Idan an gano, kuna buƙatar wanke kashe kwari tare da babban rafi na ruwa kuma kuyi tare da maganin kashe kwari;
- gizo-gizo mite siffofin gizo-gizo gizo a kan ganye da harbe. Ya ninka cikin sauri a cikin ɗakunan bushe. Dole ne a cire harbe da suka lalace sosai, dole ne a sarrafa ragowar.
Mafi yawan gama gari matsaloli da cututtuka na shuka sune kamar haka:
- powdery mildew Forms wani farin shafi a saman babba ganye, wanda a hankali ya juya launin ruwan kasa. Yana iya yada zuwa ga tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya. Bayan ganowa, ya zama dole a hanzarta cire sassan da suka lalace, bi da bi da sulfur ko baycheton;
- yellowing ganye na fure, curling gefansu ya nuna da tsananin zafin jiki, haske mai haske da bushe iska. Hanya ta gaba ita ce sake dasa shuki a cikin inuwa m kuma ya fesa shi akai-akai;
- ganye na wilting yana nuni da cewa motar USB tana neman ruwa, kasan ta tayi bushewa. Tare da irin wannan matsalar, ana buƙatar sanya tukunya a cikin kwanar da ke cike da ruwa, ku jira har sai kumburin iska ya fito daga can.
Idan kana son wani abu mai haske, kyakkyawa kuma mara misalai akan windowsill, to tabbas yakamata ka sayi garin abutilon. Zai yi ado ɗakin tare da kusan kusan shekara ɗaya na fure, sanya iska tare da farin ciki tare da saurin ci gaba da bunƙasa. Ba wani daidaituwa ba ne cewa masu shayarwa a duk iyakar duniya suna aiki suna haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan, wannan yana magana ne kawai game da ƙara shahararsa da kuma shiga sabuwar shiga duniyar fure.
