Kolumney wakili ne na Gesnerievs, wanda ke da nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 190. An kawo ta daga Amurka ta wurare masu zafi, inda ta girma a kan katako da bishiyoyi.
Furen Columnia: kulawar gida
Flowing a cikin shuka yana faruwa a cikin hunturu ko farkon bazara, bin lokacin bazara na shekara a Kudancin Kasa.
Bayani Gabaɗaya
Kolumneya fure ne wanda ke daɗaɗɗen wakilan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu ɗamara daga kwayoyin Gesneriaceae. Babban fasalin fasalin yana wakiltar furanni masu launuka masu haske da drooping mai tushe. Falladdamarwar kurangar inabi na iya kaiwa har zuwa 10 cm, mai rauni ga taɓawa, kodayake suna da ban sha'awa.
Ra'ayin Shida
Ganyen an nuna shi da biri kuma yana da siffa mai kyau ko kuma zuciya mai kama da daskararren abu. Ganyayyaki na iya girma daga 4 zuwa 10 cm, furanni suna fitowa daga gindinsu kuma suna kusan zuwa tsakiyar tushe. Furanni suna fitowa da launin rawaya, lemo mai ruwan hoda.
Zazzabi da Haske
Itace tsirrai da daskarewa. Ana buƙatar haske a adadi mai yawa kuma dole ne ya kasance mai taushi da rarraba. Bai kamata ka sanya shuka a cikin fili a titi ba, kamar yadda columnia ya tsinkaye hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma zane-zane.
Dole ne a kiyaye zafin jiki daga 24 ° C zuwa 27 ° C. Idan iska ta yi ƙasa, za ka iya ɗauka kaɗan. A cikin hunturu, ana ajiye daji cikin sanyi a yawan zafin jiki na 17 ° C. Wannan yana karfafa fitowar sababbin furen fure.
Ra'ayin shadyan
Watering Shafi da Gumi
Kolumney bako ne daga yanayin zafi da ke son iska mai laushi. Idan ganyayyaki sun yi laushi, ana aiwatar da feshin ruwa, kuma idan villi na kan su, zai fi kyau a yi da ƙamshin ruwa.
Zai fi kyau amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa a zazzabi a daki ba ƙasa da 20 ° С. Kafin ban ruwa, dole ne a tace shi, saboda columnia ya mayar da martani mara kyau ga lemun tsami kuma yana iya mutuwa. Yawancin tsire-tsire da yawa ke amfani da shi, yawan ruwa yana amfani dashi. A lokacin rani sun shirya yalwataccen watering, a cikin hunturu - matsakaici.
Don bayani! Don kada ruwan ya yi tururi, ana yin magudanan ruwa a cikin tukunyar tare da shuka kuma an shigar da tire don yin magudanar da yawan ruwan.
Kasar gona da bukatun taki
Dankin yana ƙaunar substrate tare da yawancin abubuwan gina jiki. A kan sayarwa a cikin shagunan na musamman akwai riga an riga an shirya tare da abun da ya dace. Hakanan za'a iya haɗe shi da gawayi, ash da barbashi na gansakuka.
Mahimmanci! Furen zai iya haɓakawa a cikin ƙasa ta yau da kullun, amma lokacin amfani da abubuwan da aka haɗa na musamman, zaiyi girma da haɓaka.
A cikin lokutan dumi, ana yin miya babba sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 12-15. Yana amsa mafi kyau ga abun da ke ciki na ruwa. A lokacin furanni, ana amfani da takin gargajiya don tsiron furanni. A cikin lokutan sanyi, yakamata a yi miya babba sau - sau ɗaya a kowane mako 4.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Yaduwa ta hanyar yan itace hanya ce ta gama gari ta kowane zamani. Daga manyan rassa, yanke 7-10 cm tare da ganye da yawa kuma saka a cikin ruwa tsaye. Za ku iya dasa nan da nan a cikin substrate da ruwa kamar yadda ya cancanta.
Ra'ayin Krakatau
Tsarin Shuka
Matsakaicin girman tsiro ya cika. A cikin shekarar farko, ci gaban harbe zai kasance har zuwa cm 50. Lokacin da aka haɓaka, an tono mai tushe, sau da yawa wannan yakan haifar da kurakurai lokacin barin.
Don tayar da fure a nan gaba, pruning wajibi ne a kowace shekara (lokacin da furanni suka bushe). An yanke sassan harbe, kuma wasu daga cikinsu suna kafe don samun sabon bushes na columnae.
Me ya sa ba ya Bloom columna
Kolumney baƙo ce daga wurare masu zafi, saboda haka tana da hankali sosai ga bambancin zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin da kuma zafi. Idan ba a bi tsarin mulki ba, ya daina fitar da furanni, ganyayyaki na iya bushewa kuma ya yi launin toka, kuma idan danshi bai isa ba, tsirin zai iya mutuwa.
Yawan overdoing tare da watering kuma ba shi daraja, da tushen na iya fara rot saboda stagnation na danshi, da kuma shuka zai mutu.
Cutar da kwari
Kwari da cututtuka kusan ba sa barazanar wannan nau'in, amma yana iya zama kusan ga bayyanar:
- aphids;
- scabbard;
- ticks;
- thrips.
Mahimmanci! Kuna iya kawar da cututtukan kwari ta hanyar fesa kwari tare da shafi.
Idan watering yayi yawa a kan harbe kuma a Tushen, launin toka na iya farawa. Idan yankin da cutar ta yi karami, a yanke harbe-harbe kuma a sanya kwaya a ciki, a magance shi da maganin kashe guba. Idan yawancin abin shuka ya shafa, to, an yanke cutukan lafiya, kuma an lalata fure mai ƙonewa.
Shuka matsaloli
Kula gida ba koyaushe zai zama aiki mai sauƙi. Idan ba zai yiwu a kula da wasu zazzabi da haske a cikin ɗakin ba, matsaloli tare da haɓaka shuka na iya faruwa.
View Carnival
Sakamakon kurakuran da aka yi lokacin da ake kula da shuka
Kulawar da aka gina ba daidai ba don columna na iya haifar da lahani da ba za a iya gani ba.
Don bayani! Yana da mahimmanci a lura da ɓacewa cikin lokaci kuma a fara yaƙar su.
Babban kurakurai da gyararsu:
- bayyanar launin ruwan kasa mai duhu akan ganyayyaki yana nuna cewa ana amfani da ruwan sanyi sosai don ban ruwa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don ban ruwa shine 19-20 ° C;
- rot a Tushen, bayyanar fungi ya yi yawa sosai watering. An cire sassan jikin marasa lafiya na tsire-tsire kuma an watsa su cikin sabuwar ƙasa;
- bayyanar farar fata mold yana nuna yanayin wuce gona da iri. Cire wuraren da ke da cutar na shuka, a bi da kan kashe-kashe kuma a rage yawan zafi;
- ganye yakan zama mai dunƙulewa kuma yana shuɗewa - waɗannan sune sakamakon hasken rana kai tsaye. Matsar da shuka a ɗaka tare da haske mai sauƙi;
- ganyayyaki sun bushe kuma bushe bushe - alama ce cewa shuka ba ta da isasshen danshi a rayuwa. Carara fitar da maniyyi akai-akai;
- bayyanar yanar gizo tsakanin ganye yana nufin kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙwayar gizo-gizo. Fesa da shuka tare da kwaro na musamman. Don rigakafin, basa barin bushewa mai wuce gona da iri kuma ana yadu dasu sau da yawa. Ticks ba sa son wuraren bushewa.
Shin lokacin hutu yafi zama dole
Lokacin hutawa shine ɗayan mahimman matakai a cikin sake zagayowar shuka. Bayan an gama fure (a cikin kaka), an dage farawa buds don kakar mai zuwa. Don wannan lokacin, saita zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin a kusan 10-12 ° C. Bayan kwanaki 40-50, farawa za su fara bayyana, bayan wannan dole ne a tura shuka zuwa wuri mai zafi tare da zazzabi na 17-19 ° C.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Yawancin furannin furanni masu zuwa sun fi shahara a Rasha:
Bayanai na Columnae
Itace shuka tare da ganyen ganye mai duhu mai haske.
Don bayani! A cikin lokaci na aiki mai fure, an rufe shi da furanni masu launin rawaya masu yawa tare da jan tsini tare da gefen furannin.
Kolumneya Krakatau
Sunan ta don kamannin sa zuwa dutsen mai fitad da wuta. Wannan wani nau'in Kolumney ne mai ban tsoro, harbe-harbe waɗanda aka ɗaga a gindi. Tana da ganyaye masu yawa na bakin kore masu duhu. Furanni suna matsakaici da yawa a ja da ruwan lemo.
Kolumney Sheydiana
Kabilar asalin 'yan asalin Mexico ne, wanda ke wakiltar shukar dake yaduwa tare da rassa. Dogon ganye elongated tare da lokacin farin ciki, villi a gefen farin waje, m a ciki. Columnae Schiedeana suna da furanni masu tsayi. A launi ne mai yawa (akwai wasu burgundy blotches a kan rawaya taroif).
Ra'ayin Argut
Kolumney Argut
Irin nau'in columna wanda aka kawo daga Panama, yana da harbe har zuwa tsayi ɗaya da rabi da kuma gonakin inabinsa masu yawa tare da lalata. Ganyen suna da haske, kaifi har zuwa ƙarshe. Furanni ana kafa su ta hanyar gungun ganye. Launi na furanni mai launin shuɗi-lemo tare da rawaya masu launin shuɗi a kan furannin.
Kolumney Shida
Fleshy shuka tare da m mai tushe da kuma m pubescence. A kan bangon ganyayyaki masu launin ja. Itacen inabi ya kai har zuwa 1.5 m, kuma girman ganyayyaki ya kai cm 10. Furancin launuka masu launin shuɗi tare da filayen launin ruwan kasa suna girma tare da tsawon tsawon.
Don bayani! Kasancewa da ka'idodi na asali ga shuka kamar columnia, kulawar gida ba ta da wahala, kuma za ta ji da girma ko'ina: a gida ko a cikin ƙasa.
Idan an aiwatar da dasa daidai kuma an kula da shi sosai, kowace shekara zai yi farin ciki tare da ɗimbin yawa. Babban abu shine lura da tsarin zafin jiki, kula da tsabta da tsabta daga tsoffin harbe.
