Evergreen ivy mafi yawa ana girma a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu da kuma gidaje. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa shuka ba ya jure hunturu da kyau a cikin ƙasa buɗe kuma ya mutu a cikin mummunan yanayi. Amma furannin fure na yankuna na kudu zasu iya shuka itacen inabin mai ban mamaki a cikin yadi. Wannan labarin yayi magana game da nau'ikan tsire-tsire, kulawa da alamu.
Menene ivy, ko Hedera
Mutane da yawa lambu daga manyan iri-iri na shuke-shuke zabi aibi talakawa lambu. Ana amfani dashi a cikin aikin lambu na tsaye; shinge na innabi yana da kyau.
Don bayani! Lambun fure - gwal da Hardy.
Gardenerswararrun lambu suna zaɓar murhun ɗiya mai launin fure musamman don shimfidar wuri.
Al'adar abada
Bayani da kuma halayen gandun daji na fure
Lambunan lambun shine tsiro na zamani daga asalin rayuwar Aralian. Tsarinta mai tushe tare da manyan tushen iska na iya girma har zuwa 35. Akwai wasu nau'ikan halittu da suka bambanta da juna a cikin halayen ado.
Ganyayyaki daban-daban siffofi (a cikin nau'i na zuciya, yatsa uku, m) ana fentin yafi a cikin inuwar kore. Wasu lokuta ana samun jawur ja.
Popular iri:
- Hedera Helix. Ganyayyaki masu laushi suna da farin hoto, kore mai narkewa. Tushen, kamar ƙananan kofuna waɗanda tsotsa, ansu rubuce-rubucen a kan kututturen bishiyoyi ko kayan tallafi na tsaye. Yana girma har zuwa 35 m, yayi kyau tare da shinge na tsaye, amma kuma an dasa shi azaman amfanin gona na ƙasa. An danganta wannan nau'in abincin tsire-tsire na zuma; farin zuma tare da ƙanshin ɗanɗano yana fitowa daga furannin shuka. Yana son wuraren inuwa masu ɓoyewa daga iska, yana da sanyi mai-sanyi.
- Colchis (Hedera colchica). Babban amfanin gona wanda ya girma zuwa girman 40 m. Yana da ganye manya-manyan 25 cm tsayi cikin launin fadama, amma akwai kuma mai ƙyalli. Ba ya jure sanyi. Yana ƙaunar ƙasa mai dausayi da yanki mai duhu.
- Crimean sosai unpretentious a barin. Yana son ƙasa mai laushi da inuwa m, amma yana jure zafi a sauƙaƙe. Wannan babban itacen inabi ne, mai tushe wanda ya girma zuwa m 35 a tsawo. Tana da ciyayi kore mai launin ganye.
Kula da saurayi
An san shi da haƙuri, ana samun saurin amfani dashi zuwa rayuwar ƙasa. Kasancewa a cikin bangarorin kudu, yana sauƙaƙe yanayin hunturu. Amma mafi nisa da yankin arewa, sama da adadin adadin mutuwa, ba wai kawai saboda sanyi ba, amma kuma saboda tsananin zafi, inuwa mara isa.
Kula! Don adana ivy da kuma sauƙaƙe kulawa, ana aiwatar da dasa a cikin ɗaukar hoto, masu tsari daga wuraren iska.
Variegated ivy
Na farko ma'aurata na shekaru yana girma ba ma aiki mai ƙarfi, saboda ana shuka tsire-tsire matasa a farkon bazara, saboda a cikin lokacin dumi suna ɗaukar tushe da kyau. Don yaduwa, tsire-tsire suna ɗaukar harbe-harbe masu lafiya babu wanda ya girmi shekaru 4. A wannan yanayin, farashi zai ɗauki tushe cikin sauri.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Babban kwaro na shuka shine kwari gizo-gizo. Lokacin da ya bayyana akan mai tushe, gizo-gizo gizo gizo, tare da ƙananan kwari na haske, rawaya ko inuwa mai launin ja. Wataƙila za a iya ɗayan m invy a cikin rana. Za'a iya cire kaska ta hanyar actellik, wanda aka bred cikin ruwa bisa ga umarnin kuma aka fesa a cikin ganyayyaki sau 2 a mako. Dole ne a maimaita hanyar har sai an gama cire kwaro.
Kula! Babban danshi na ƙasa na iya haifar da aiwi ya harzuka naman gwari. A sakamakon haka, duhun duhu ya zama kan ganyayyaki, sai su fara bushewa su fado ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar datsa ganyayyakin da suka kamu da mai tushe, kuyi pollinate tare da fungicides.
Zazzabi mai zafi sosai a ginin da tukunyar filawar ke tsaye na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtukan. Tare da bayyanarsa a cikin ganyayyaki, wani farin shafi mai rufi, sannan kuma ƙananan yaduwar launin rawaya mai haske, wanda ke haifar da ƙarshen mutuwar ganye. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar ganyayen ganyen da ya kamu, kuma shuka da kanta tayi wani wuri mai duhu.
Ivy yaduwa ta hanyar yanke
Ana yanke yankan babban babban hanyar yaduwar shuka. Rassan suna da sauƙin kafe, ana sanya su a cikin gilashin talakawa da ruwa, wanda ake canzawa lokaci-lokaci. Akwai wasu hanyoyi na haifuwa (ta hanyar tsaba, bends), amma itace ce da aka ba da sauƙin sauƙaƙe har zuwa novice a cikin wannan al'amari.
Don katako, ya fi kyau a ɗauki harbe shekara shekara. Dukansu apical da kara zasu dace. Yankuna masu apical ya zama matsakaici a cikin girman, manyan rassan daga 15 zuwa 25 cm tsayi an yanke su a kwana. A kan katako, an cire ƙananan nau'i na mai tushe.
Tsarin girkewa
Rooting shuka cuttings bada shawarar:
- cikin ruwa;
- a cikin cakuda peat da yashi;
- a cikin cakuda mai haske tare da babban yashi.
Kula! An ƙara abinci mai tsirrai tare da shayar da ɗan daji. Kamar yadda takin zamani, mullenin da aka tsame ya dace. Kuna iya amfani da riguna masu rikitarwa bisa ga umarnin don amfani.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A cikin yankuna na Tsakiyar Rasha akwai yiwuwar mutuwar shuka a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ƙananan yanayin zafi. Ana iya kare tsire-tsire na murfin ƙasa daga sanyi ta hanyar kyakkyawan ciyawa, kuma bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta fari - murfin dusar ƙanƙara kusan 35 cm.
Mahimmanci! Tare da zuwan bazara, an cire saman Layer na ciyawa wanda ya sa yanayin dumu dumu dumu dumu tare da ɗumbin zafi ba ya lalata kwari.
Matsaloli a cikin lambun fure a waje
Kodayake ivy bashi da ma'ana, ƙananan matsaloli na iya tashi tare da shi.
Idan mai tushe a kan shuka ya fara jujjuya launin toka, to, ya rasa danshi, kuma idan ganyayyaki suka fara faɗi, to iska tana bushewa sosai. Don magance wannan matsalar, ana buƙatar shafa masa lokaci-lokaci.
Idan ivy ya bambanta lambun yana buƙatar rana, to ganye mai haske yana jujjuyawa. Don yin wannan, tura shi zuwa wuri mai haske.
Yadda ake gane cututtuka da lura da kwari
Kodayake wannan shuka yana da sauƙi don kulawa, yana iya yin rashin lafiya da sauri. Yana da mahimmanci a ga nan da nan cewa liana tana buƙatar magani, kuma don amfani da duk hanyoyin.
Mahimmanci! Idan kwari ya kamu da kwari ko cuta, kuna buƙatar bincika duk tsire-tsire masu girma a nan kusa.
Idan ganye suka fara jujjuya launin rawaya da bushe, dole ne a nemi matsalar a cikin ƙasa mai cike da banɗaki. Idan an shayar da shi sosai, to, a cikin mako guda sabo ganye zai fara girma. Idan ganye duka opal ne lokaci daya, wannan yana nuna cewa yawan zafin jiki bai dace da aiwi ba. Wannan na iya faruwa a lokacin zafi. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a fesa furen a kowace rana da ruwa a wannan lokacin.
Kayar da cuta
Wasu lokuta ganye sukan rasa launi. Babban dalilin shi ne cewa shukar ba ta samun isasshen haske. Don magance wannan, kuna buƙatar tura shi zuwa wuri mai haske.
Aaukar shuka da ke tsiro a ƙasa ba za ta iya kare kanta daga harin kwari ba. Aphids, cyclamen mites ana ɗauke da iska ta sama. Mai gani a cikin ganyayyaki, mai tushe na kwari, ya kamata ka fara aiki nan da nan. Don murkushe su, ya kamata a wanke daji da dukkan furanni da ke da girma tare da actelik da aka narke cikin ruwa, ko karbofos.
Yadda za a shuka shinge a kan rami
An kafa Ivy sosai a kan tsaunin inda babu iska. Kuna buƙatar neman wuri mai kyau a cikin lambu ko a gida inda furen zai kasance a cikin rana.
Yana tsoron tsoron hunturu mai sanyi. Amma ba wai kawai suna da lahani ga aiwi ba, karuwar dampness na da haɗari ko da kuwa lokacin shekarar ko wata. Sabili da haka, an zaɓi wurin don girma inda ya bushe.
Don bayani! A cikin ƙasa bude take tsiro sannu a hankali. Domin samin ivy ya yi ƙarfi kafin sanyi, yana da kyau a dasa shi a cikin bazara.
Idan ƙasa don dasa shuki tana da danshi da sako-sako, wannan zai amfana da aiwi. Yana da kyau sosai lokacin da ƙasa ta ƙunshi adadin ma'adinai na halitta. Idan ƙasa ta kasance daban ne, to kana buƙatar haɗa ƙasa da kanka kuma cika ta a rami don dasa tare da zurfin aƙalla cm 25 Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ivy, kana buƙatar yin cakuda 2: 2: 2:
- ƙasa mai narkewa;
- peat;
- kogin yashi.
Yanayi don yanayin kiwo
Don ivy na lambu, ana amfani da hanyoyi uku na haihuwa.
- yanke;
- tushen dasawa;
- rabuwa da tsoffin tsirrai.
Ko da menene hanyar kiwo, kana buƙatar bin wasu ƙa'idodi:
- a lokacin da ake yankashe tushen, ana buƙatar yanke su daga tsafin tituna na perennial;
- zabar rassan, kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da su a hankali: harbe-harben huhun ciki tare da tushen jikewar iska da ke fitowa daga sauri sama da rassan matasa;
- shuka yaduwa zai fi kyau a bazara.
Mahimmanci! Yankan sune babbar hanyar yaduwar ivy.
Yanke wani zaɓi ne mai sauƙi don siyan kayan amfanin gona. Wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire suna girma da sauri sosai, wannan ivy bazai lura da pruning da dama harbe.
Rooting ivy layering
Kamar sauran nau'in, zaku iya dasa shuki. Kurangar inabi a ƙasa na iya zama tushen kansu. Amma zaku iya taimakawa a cikin wannan tsari kuma ku sami iko mai zaman kanta mai ƙarfi. Hanyar dasa layering shine mafi yawancin lokacin da girma shuka kamar murfin ƙasa. Amma ya dace wa waɗanda suke buƙatar samun mafi yawan adadin sabon wuta.
Shafan zanen gado
Tushen aiki shine kamar haka:
- harbe, mai ƙarfi, mai laushi mai yaduwar shuka na ƙasa da kewayen kewaye an shigar da su cikin karamin rashin damuwa. M, tsawon manyan harbe ana ɗauka don cire layering. Cutsananan yanke a cikin ƙananan ɓangarorin rassan suna hanzarta aiwatarwa;
- rassan suna ɗaure cikin ƙasa tare da sashi kuma an yayyafa shi a saman substrate na gina jiki;
- fara ruwa da yawa don kula da danshi.
Bayan tushen, kada a rush cikin barkewar kwance. A cikin bazara, an raba furanni matasa azaman bushes mai zaman kanta kuma an dasa shi a cikin dindindin.
Ana shirin sauka a fili
Kafin haɓaka girma, kana buƙatar aiwatar da shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen masu zuwa:
- zabi dace iri iri. Kusan duk nau'in halitta suna ɗaukar tushe duka cikin inuwa da rana;
- nemi wurin da ya dace don saukowa;
- da kyau ruwa kafin dasawa;
- tono rami 20 cm mai zurfi;
- saka a cikin rami domin Tushen ya dace da yardar kaina.
Ivy a kasar
Harshen shinge na fure zai iya zama kyakkyawan bayan gida don tsirrai ko filin wasa. Sabili da haka, zaɓi yanki don saukowa ya kamata a bi da hankali sosai. Amma da farko kuna buƙatar siyan seedlings.
Propagated da cuttings da layering. Idan ba zai yuwu ka ɗauki 'yan itacen ba, ka kuma sanya layering, to kana buƙatar siyan ivy a cikin gandun daji.
Kula! Manyan ganyayyaki da asalinsu alama ce mai kyau na kyawawan cut na itace. Idan akwai rashin amincewa a cikin nau'in shuka, to zai fi kyau kar a siya, tunda daji mai cutar ba zai da tushe.
Lokacin da ya dace don ƙirƙirar shinge tun daga farkon har ƙarshen bazara. Kafin sauka, kuna buƙatar yin abinci don sanya kayan talla. Ana yin ƙaramin rago a gefen trellis. Yakamata su dace da tushen. Insideasa a cikin kowane ɓoyayyen itacen dole ne a bushe ta da takin ƙasa. Bayan saukowa, kuna buƙatar kyakkyawan shayarwa.
Yayin da yake girma, yana buƙatar ɗaure shi da goyon baya. A lokacin bazara na farko, za a ɗaure shinge gabaɗaya, kuma za'a sami kyakkyawan shinge mai kauri.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Fulatan furanni a koyaushe suna yin amfani da shuka a cikin jerin wurare masu faɗi a cikin kayan aikin su. Kyakkyawan kurangar inabin da ke kewaye da gine-gine iri daban daban da ɓoye wuraren toshiya a cikin ƙasar, kyakkyawar gani ce.
Yadai
Tsirrai na iya canza bango mara komai ko kuma gazebo. Suna girma sosai haɗe tare da conifers ko bushes. Ƙarƙashin batun dokokin namo da kulawa mai kyau, va youngan matattara masu ƙawanya za su yi ado gidan tsawon shekaru. Zuwa ivy, wanda yake birgima tare da bango, mai farantawa ido, dole ne a lokaci-lokaci a datsa kuma rigakafin cutar.
Haɗuwa da sauran tsirrai
Yana girma sosai kuma yana kama da bishiyoyi iri iri, bishiyoyi. Don ado, zaku iya shuka kusa da fuchsia. Amma m suna shuka shi a matsayin shuka ɗaya.
Yadda za a rabu da da yaduwar creeper ivy lambu evergreen
Yawancin lambu suna fuskantar irin wannan matsala kamar haɓakar ƙwayar ivy akan yanki mai girma. Shuka mai saurin girma baya bada izinin sauran furanni da shukakkun bishiyoyi su kasance gaba ɗaya ko bishiyoyin bishiyoyin bishiyoyi. Don cire daji, kuna buƙatar datsa ciyawa tare da mai yin pantali a gindi kuma sai a soke tushen. Abu ne wanda ba a ke so ya bar yanki a ƙasa, kamar yadda daji da sauri yakan ɗauki sai ya fara girma.
Lambun fure shine tsire-tsire marasa fassara, amma a bayan sa kuna buƙatar ido da ido. Wasu nau'ikan sune hunturu-Hardy, yayin da wasu suke son hasken rana. Kowane mai lambu zai iya zaɓar zaɓin da ya dace don kansa.
