Azalea - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto

Azalea (Azalea) ko rhododendron na cikin gida shine tsiro na fure wanda yake wakiltar dangin Heather. A fassarar, sunan yana nufin "fure-fure." Wurin haifuwar furen shine Japan, China, Indiya.

A gida, azalea wata ƙarama ce, ƙaƙƙarfan daji mai faɗi, tsayin 12-50 cm. Lokacin da ake ƙirƙirar itace ingantacce, tsayin daka na iya zama mafi girma.

Furen yana girma sosai a hankali: a cikin shekara yana ƙara kawai santimita. Ganyen duhu masu duhu har zuwa 3.5 cm tsayi suna da sifar elliptical da farar ƙasa.

Yawo yana faruwa a lokacin kaka-hunturu. Furen fure mai launin toka na iya zama mai sauƙi ko sau biyu, tare da diamita na 3-7 cm. launinsu yawanci monochrome ne mai haske: ja, fari, ruwan hoda, shunayya. Akwai bambance-bambancen abubuwa tare da bicolor da nau'ikan fure.

Tabbatar bincika kyawawan furanni kamar hydrangea da oleander.

Dukiya mai amfani

Azalea yana taimakawa tsarkake iska ta cikin gida: tana cire xylene, ammonia da formaldehyde daga ciki.

Dankin yana da guba ga mutane da dabbobi: yana dauke da sinadarin neurotoxin andromedotoxin. Lokacin da aka saka shi, yana haifar da guba mai tsanani.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Kulawar Azalea a gida. Daki-daki

Kulawar Azalea na buƙatar kulawa da kulawa. Babban wahala a cikin yanayin gidan shine samar da ƙarancin zazzabi. In ba haka ba, da shuka discards foliage kuma hankali mutu. Amma ga masoya kyawawan furanni, babu abin da ba zai yiwu ba: ɗan ƙaramin tunani, ƙoƙari, hankali - kuma komai zai yi amfani.

Gudun ruwa

Blooms na cikin gida na fure-fure a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Dangane da lokacin furanni, iri sun kasu kashi uku: farkon (fara Bloom a watan Janairu), matsakaici (Bloom a ƙarshen hunturu) da marigayi (buds suna bayyana a farkon bazara).

Don cimma nasarar fure, a cikin bazara da lokacin bazara, dole ne a saka azalea sau 2-3. Wannan zai taimaka ga fitowar matasa harbe a jikinsa wanda buds ya bayyana.

Don ƙirƙirar fure na fure, wanda ke faruwa a cikin kaka, ana buƙatar zazzabi na digiri na 10-12.

Lokacin da shuka yayi fure, za a iya ƙara ma'aunin zafin jiki zuwa digiri 15. Fulawa tayi tsawon watanni 2-3. Tare da abun ciki mai dumi, ana rage tsawon lokacinsa.

Ya kamata a cire buds mai cire..

Yanayin Zazzabi

Azalea na cikin gida tsirrai ne mai tsananin sanyi. A lokacin rani, zazzabi mafi kyau shine 12-16 digiri, kaka da damuna, a lokacin lokacin buduwa, digiri 8-12, yayin fure, digiri 15.

A lokacin rani, yana da kyau a ajiye fure a cikin lambu mai sanyi, kuma a cikin hunturu - a baranda mai zafi.

Fesa

Cikin gida azalea na bukatar zafi sosai.

Ana bada shawarar yau da kullun don fesa shi daga kwalban da aka raba mai da ruwa mai laushi a yawan zafin jiki. A lokacin furanni, yana da kyau a dakatar da feshin ruwa, tunda saukowar ruwa suna barin mummunar aibobi a filayen.

Don haɓaka da zafi, ana iya sanya tukunya a cikin tire tare da ɗakunan leya, gansakuka da / ko yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa.

Haske

Azalea ya fi son mai haske amma ya bazu sosai. Mafi kyawun wurin mata shine windowsill ko gabas.. A cikin kudu - shading daga hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma fesawa akai-akai wajibi ne. Zai iya yin fure har akan taga arewa maso yamma.

A lokacin rani, ana bada shawara don canja wurin tukunya zuwa yanki mai duhu na lambu.

Watse

Azalea bai yarda da bushewar bushewar laka ba: a cikin martani, ya yalwata da ganye. Saboda haka, furen yana buƙata na yau da kullum da wadataccen watering. A lokaci guda, bai kamata a ba da izinin ƙasa ta ƙasa ba - wannan an cika shi da cututtukan fungal da lalata tsarin tushen.

Kuna iya amfani da ƙananan shayarwa - sanya tukunya a cikin kwandon ruwa na minti 30-40. A wannan yanayin, shuka zai “dauki” gwargwadon danshi kamar yadda ya cancanta.

Sau ɗaya a wata, ana ba da shawarar ƙara 2-3 saukad da ruwan lemun tsami a cikin ruwa mai laushi don ban ruwa.

Kasar

Azalea yayi girma a cikin ciyawar acidic (pH 4.0-5.0). M kantin sayar da kayayyaki masu dacewa don azaleas.

Idan kun shirya cakuda kanku, ya kamata ku haɗu a daidai sassan peat, ƙasa mai ganye, yashi da ƙasa daga ƙarƙashin gandun daji mai ɗumi. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan malalewa.

Taki da taki

Daga Maris zuwa Satumba, an ba da shawarar ciyar da 1 sau a cikin makonni 2-3 tare da taki don azaleas ko tsire-tsire fure ba tare da lemun tsami ba.

Shuka tsire-tsire ba su ciyar da watanni 2.

Yadda za'a shuka amfanin gona?

Daga watan Afrilu zuwa Yuli, ya zama dole a yanke matasa harbe sau 2-3, a rage su da cm 2-3. Wannan zai taimaka ga sanya shinge na fure akan furanni a karshen bazara da farkon lokacin bazara, kuma, gwargwadon haka, yawan fure.

Hakanan ya kamata ku cire karin harbe waɗanda ke girma a cikin daji, da kuma tushe mai tushe.

Azalea dasawa

A gida, ya kamata a juyawa furen adalea sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3 a cikin bazara.

Shuka ba ta yarda da wannan hanya ba, saboda haka ya kamata a aiwatar da ita a hankali yadda zai yiwu domin kada su lalata asalinsu.

Hanya mafi kyau shine natsuwa.

Wiwi yakamata ya zama mara nauyi. Ba za ku iya zurfafa tushen shuka ba.

Lokacin hutawa

Wannan lokacin yana da tsawon watanni biyu bayan fure. Dankin baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman a wannan lokacin.

Kiwo

Babban hanyar yaduwar azalea shine cut. Tunda ba duk itace ke da tushe ba, ana bada shawara don amfani da matakai dayawa lokaci daya.

Yankun da aka suturta ƙananan, 5-8 cm tsayi, sun dace da yaduwa Ana cire ƙananan ganyayyaki, kuma ana kula da yanka tare da tushen mai kara kuzari: Hetero-Auxin ko Kornevin. An dasa yankan zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm a cikin ƙasa mai acidic don tsire-tsire manya tare da ƙari na gawayi. Akwatin an rufe shi da polyethylene ko gilashi kuma an sanya shi a wani wuri mai cike da haske (amma ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba). Ana fitar da iskar gas din yau da kullun, ƙasa tana danshi yayin da take bushewa, an kuma yayyafa ganyen. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don tushen shine digiri 20.

Bayyanar tushen zai jira watanni 1-2. Matasan shuka zasu yi fure na tsawon shekaru 2-3.

Cutar da kwari

Sakamakon keta ka'idoji don kula da azalea, matsaloli sun taso tare da narkar da:

• Bar ganye ya faɗi - kasa wadataccen ruwa da rashin zafi.
• Bar juya launin rawaya Azaleas basu isa acidic ba.
• Fure mai fure Azaleas - rashin abinci mai gina jiki, zazzabi mai yawa, rashin ingantaccen lokaci.
• Dry aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki - ƙonewa saboda hasken rana kai tsaye.
• Haske elongated spots - shuka ya shafa ciyawar ganye.
• Furannin fure kore ne, amma furanni baya girma - inji yana cikin daftarin ruwa, matsanancin ruwa.
• Bar da buds na kirjin launi Fade - kasa isasshen ruwa da kuma yawan zafin jiki mai yawa na abun cikin.

Daga cikin kwari, ana iya shafawa ta gizo-gizo gizo, mealybugs, whiteflies, azalea moths, strawberry ja mites, da thrips.

Nau'in gida azalea tare da hotuna da sunaye

A gida, jinsuna 2 ne kawai ke girma:

Jafananci Azalea (Rhododendron obfusum)

Dwarf shrub, tsayin 30-50 cm .. Yana da ƙananan ganye mai launin kore mai haske mai haske. Furannin walƙiya mai kamanni a cikin diamita sun kai cm 3. launinsu na iya zama ja, fari ko sautin biyu.

India Azalea (Rhododendron x alama, Azalea tama)

Shrubarancin shuki (har zuwa 50 cm) tare da ƙananan duhu kore m ganye. Abubuwan harbi an rufe su da kananan setae. Furen da ke da fa'ida a ciki, har zuwa cm 3 cm a diamita, ana tattara su cikin inflorescences. Launin fure ya bambanta sosai, ya danganta da iri-iri.