Agave - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, hoto

Hoto na Shuka

Agave nasa ne da rukuni mai kyau na tsirrai daga dangin Agave. Al'adar ta fito ne daga Indiya, Meziko, yankuna na wurare masu zafi da Kudancin Amurka, kuma ana samun su a cikin kasashen Rum.

Girma agaves, dangane da nau'in halitta, ya bambanta daga 30 zuwa 200 cm. Matsakaicin girma shine matsakaici. Yana nufin amfanin gona na zamani. A gida, al'ada kusan ba ta da fure.

	Matsakaicin girma shine matsakaici.
	A gida, kusan babu tsintsiya.
	Itace mai sauki tayi girma.
	Perennial shuka.

Dukiya mai amfani

Hoton agave a cikin tukunya

Yana fitar da phytoncides, wanda ke da dukiya mai sharewa da kuma karfafa garkuwar mutane, rage matakin microflora mai cutarwa a cikin ɗakin, yana daidaita iska tare da ma'adinai da ƙananan kwayoyin, cire ion mara kyau daga iska, wanda ke sa ya zama mai tsabta.

A ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwan da ke canzawa, iska ta cikin gida ta fi kusa da matakin gandun daji tsarkakakku. A cikin daki inda agave plantings suke, yawan ƙwayoyin cutarwa yawanci yana raguwa sosai.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Lokacin samar da amfanin gona a gida, ana la'akari da abubuwan da ke tafe:

Zazzabi	A lokacin bazara ya kamata + 16 ... 29С, a cikin hunturu ya bambanta tsakanin + 10 ... 17С.
Jin zafi	Manuniya na wannan dalilin ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa.
Haske	Tsire-tsire suna son fifiko mai haske da haske. An ba da shawarar sanya tukwane tare da su a kan windows windows da ke gefen kudu na gidaje.
Watse	Yana nufin amfanin gona masu iya tsayawa fari, saboda asalin kudu. A lokacin rani, an iyakance su zuwa ban ruwa mai banbancin amfanin gona, a cikin hunturu suna rage su gaba ɗaya.
Kasar	Don shuka, ƙasa da aka saya ya dace, wanda ya kamata ya fi nauyi a cikin abun da ke ciki, amma a lokaci guda quite permeable. Yakamata ya ƙunshi ƙaramin yashi. Kuna iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanka. Don yin wannan, 3 sassan perlite ko m yashi, sassan 2 na ganye (humus) da ƙasa mai filawa, haka kuma lemun tsami, abincin ƙashi ko ƙoshin ƙwaya yana hade. Acidarfin acid ɗin da ya haɗar da ƙasa ya kamata ya bambanta daga 6.8 zuwa 7. isasa an zuba ƙasa a cikin tukunya, wanda ke sanye take da ramuka na fasaha don cire ruwa mai wucewa.
Taki da taki	An bada shawara don amfani da miya mai ruwa-ruwa mai narkewa. An biya su sau biyu a kakar: a watan Afrilu ko Yuli.
Juyawa	Shuke-shuke tare da jinkirin girma ana dasawa da shekarun shekara guda, yayin da tsire-tsire masu saurin girma a wannan lokacin an rage zuwa watanni da yawa. Bayan wata shekara, an zaɓi sabon tukunya don amfanin gona, wanda zai fi girma cm cm 3. Tare da namo nisan gaba, ana dasa tsiron a kowace shekara 2-3.
Kiwo	Mafi kyawun zaɓi don haifuwa shine tare da taimakon zuriya waɗanda zasu iya jurewa a cikin ƙasa mai yashi mai laushi cikin ƙaramin haske, fesawa da ruwa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ana amfani dashi ta hanyar yaduwar ƙwayar cuta, duk da haka, haɓakar shuka a wannan yanayin yana raguwa da sauri. Ana iya shuka tsaba a cikin bazara. Wasu nau'ikan al'adu, musamman, Sarauniya Victoria na agave, ba za su iya haifarwa ta wata hanyar ba sai ta iri.
Siffofin Girma	Iri iri daban-daban tare da ganyayyaki daban-daban suna rage gudu sosai. Standsarancin haɓaka-ƙarancin ƙarfi ana iya noma shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin ruwa mai ruwa.

Kulave a gida. Daki-daki

Yana buƙatar wani kulawa, ba tare da wanda kusan ba shi yiwuwa a sami ingantaccen plantings.

Saukowa

Kafin dasawa, ya kamata ka tabbata cewa wani nau'in ya dace da namo a gida. Mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don haɓaka a gida sune:

Agave Sarauniya Victoria
karamin flowered;
agave nitiferous.

Ana shuka tsaba a tsakanin watan Fabrairu zuwa Maris, suna tono su a cikin ƙasa ta 5-10 mm. A gaban yawan zafin jiki na iska a matakin + 21 ... 25С, tsiro zai fito ne a kusan rana ta 5-7. Na farko, ana fara ganyen farko, bayan sati 2 na biyu, sai kuma sati uku bayan haka, na ukun ya zama daya.

A cikin makonni biyu, zai yi girma zuwa tsawon 8 cm da nisa na cm 1.5. An kafa takardar ta huɗu koda bayan makonni 3-4. A wannan lokacin, tsire-tsire sun fara samar da rosette. Diamita na tushe karkashin kasa zai zama daidai da 1.5 cm.

Lokacin dasa shuki, tushen wuya ba za a binne shi a ƙasa ba. Idan an yi wannan, to, huhun zai iya lalacewa.

Don dalilai na hanawa, an yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da wuya.

Gudun ruwa

Agave a gida da wuya ake gani a cikin jihar fure. Peduncles samar da fargaba inflorescences tare da babban adadin rawaya furanni, wanda aka yi a cikin hanyar mazurari.

A karkashin yanayin halitta, tsintsiyar tayi fure a cikin shekara ta 10-15 na rayuwa; tare da narkar cikin gida, yawanci yana yiwuwa a sami fure yayin da shuka ya zama shekaru 20-30. Nan da nan bayan an gama fure, al'adar ta mutu, kuma a wurin sa akwai tsari mai yawa.

Yanayin Zazzabi

A lokacin rani inji yana jin mafi kyau a cikin kewayon zazzabi daga +20 zuwa + 28C. An yarda da haɓaka wannan alamar, yana da mahimmanci kawai kada ku rage shi zuwa + 18C da ƙasa. A ƙarshen kaka, lokacin da hasken rana ya fara raguwa, zazzage ƙasa zuwa + 10C. Wasu nau'ikan na iya jin al'ada a ƙananan yanayin zafi.

Fesa

Agave na gida yana jin daɗi a cikin yanayin bushewa kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin spraying. A lokacin dasa shi zuwa cikin bude ƙasa, ya zama dole don samar da shuka tare da kariya daga ruwan sama da sauran ruwan sama.

Haske

Dankin tsire-tsire na agave ya amsa gaskiya ma don haske mai wuce gona da iri. Dole ne a sanya tukwane na fure a kan windowsills a kudu maso gabas, kudu, ko bangarorin gabas. Ga ƙananan tsire-tsire, ƙaramin inuwa yana da mahimmanci, yana kare su daga ƙonewa, wanda zasu iya samu daga zafin rana.

A cikin hunturu, yawanci ana yada ganyayyaki a tsawon, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa dole ne a sanya shuka a ɗaka a saman mafi haskaka wurin.

Idan hasken ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, za a buƙaci amfani da magunguna.

Watse

Daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka, matsakaici watering ya dace da agave a cikin ɗakin yanayi. A cikin hunturu, sun yi kokarin kusan ba ruwa shi, musamman ma a cikin tsananin sanyi. A lokacin ban ruwa, kar a daskarar da ruwa a cikin sinuses da soket, saboda wannan yana haifar da tururuwar iska.

Don ban ruwa yi amfani da dumi da ruwa zauna. Lokacin da shuka ya shiga cikin lokaci na aiki mai ƙarfi, ƙwayar ban ruwa ya ninka zuwa 2-3 a mako. A lokaci guda, kasar gona kusa da bushes ya kamata da lokacin bushe fitar dan kadan. Tsire-tsire ba sa buƙatar spraying.

Wiwi

Don girma dakin agaves tukunyar gargajiya a cikin abin da diamita daidai yake da tsayi daga tanki. Zabi mafi kyau duka girma, mun ci gaba daga gaskiyar cewa an bambanta al'ada ta hanyar haɓaka mai ƙarfi daga tushen tsarin a farkon shekarun rayuwa.

A cikin tsire-tsire masu girma, ƙarar tushen ya kasance kusan canzawa, kuma a gare su an zaɓi tukunya gwargwadon ƙarar yanzu.

Kasar

A karkashin yanayin halitta, agave ya girma a cikin ƙasa mai yashi, wanda ya sa ya zama marar ma'ana ga ƙasa. An shirya cakuda ƙasa gwargwadon waɗannan rabbai:

3 sassa na sod-lãka ƙasa;
1 wani yanki na ruwan yashi da lemun tsami.

An ba shi damar ƙarawa zuwa wannan abun da aka haɗa 1 ɓangaren gawayi, lemun tsami ko abincin ƙashi. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin zasu baka damar shayar da cakuda ƙasa kuma yayi tasiri sosai cikin takin ta. A kasan tukunyar kana buƙatar shigar da rufin magudanar ruwa.

Taki da taki

Agave na gida mafi yawa ana ciyar dashi ne kawai a lokacin girma. Ana amfani da takin sau 1-2 a wata, kuma a lokacin hunturu ba a ciyar da ciyawar. A matsayin babban riguna, ana amfani da mahadi tare da iyakance abun ciki na nitrogen. Excessarfin wannan ɓangaren na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako, musamman, zuwa haɓaka taro mai ciyayi da fallasa al'ada ga cuta.

An yarda da takin da ya dace da maye ko cacti.

Juyawa

An dasa Agave kamar yadda ya cancanta, idan tukunya ta zama ƙaramin tsiron da ya yi girma. Ana aiwatar da aikin fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3. Yawancin tsire-tsire matasa sukan dasa shi a kowace shekara, koyaushe suna ɗaukar babban iko a kansu fiye da na baya.

Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a wannan zamani, tushen tsarin yana girma sosai. An shuka tsire-tsire a ko yaushe cikin bazara.

Mai jan tsami

A shuka kusan ba a yanka. Babu buƙatar hakan.

Lokacin hutawa

Yana shiga cikin lokacin lalacewa a cikin fall kuma ya kasance a ciki duk lokacin hunturu. A wannan lokacin, yanayin zafin jiki mafi kyau na shuka zai zama 0 ... + 10C. Ban ruwa ba a za'ayi a wannan lokacin, duk da haka, idan ɗakin ya kasance a zazzabi da ba daidai ba, ana shayar da filayen lokaci-lokaci don guje wa shaye shaye.

Kiwo

A cikin yanayin al'adu don yaduwar shuka da ake tambaya, ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:

haifuwa ta zuriya;
yaduwa ta hanyar yanke.

Agave yaduwa ta zuriya

A wannan yanayin, zuriya waɗanda aka kafa kusa da tushe tushe sun rabu da shuka. Dole ne wurin bushewar ya bushe. Transplantan uwan an watsa su cikin tukwane cike da ƙasa slightlyan cakuda mai ɗanɗano. Ban ruwa ya fara bayan kwanaki 2-3. Har sai an yanke tushen, ana aiwatar da ruwa a hankali, a cikin karamin rafi, don kada ya lalata ƙasa.

Agave yaduwa ta hanyar yanke

An yanyanka dabbobin Rhizome ta yadda kowannensu yana da koda ɗaya aƙalla. An bar su na tsawon sa'o'i 2-3 don bushewa, sannan kuma an goge su da duwatsun gawayi. Divlenki sanya a cikin tukunya cike da yashi, kuma ba a ruwa tare da ruwa a zazzabi a daki. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, tsire-tsire suna haifar da ganye 4-6, a cikin na biyu - 7-9, a na uku - 10-12.

A karkashin yanayin halitta, yaduwar iri. Wannan shine mafi girman tsari mai yuwuwa.

Cutar da kwari

Yana da sauƙin haɗuwa ga cututtuka da matsaloli daban-daban:

ganye juya rawaya agaves - rashi na macronutrients, rashin haske, shaye shaye, zafin jiki sama, musamman da dare yayin hutawa;
ganye gefuna juya launin rawaya - wuce haddi da alli a cikin ƙasa, dunƙule na dunƙule sun cika yawa;
gizo-gizo gizo-gizo a kan shuka - fallasa zuwa ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo;
ganye mai bushe (rasa ɓarnar), bar ganye mai haske - karancin danshi, zazzabi wanda bai dace ba, musamman a lokacin hunturu;
alagammana a cikin ganyayyaki - sakamako mai kaifi na sanyi, rashi na potassium, magnesium, phosphorus shima zai yiwu akan tsohuwar ganye;
agave ya juya launin rawaya gaba daya - inji mai ya cika da yawa, ko kuma, a takaice, a bushe sosai, kasar gona tayi nauyi ko yawanta yayi yawa, tana da isasshen juriya na ruwa, iska mai bushe. Hakanan, wannan yana yiwuwa lokacin shirya shuka don sauran lokacin.

Daga cikin kwari masu cutarwa sune mafi hatsari:

sikelin kwari;
gizo-gizo mite.

Nau'in Agave na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Agave american

Bambancin Mediopicta yana bambanta ta hanyar ganye tare da madaidaiciya matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyar matsakaicin haske mai launin rawaya, tsawo na shuka shine 0.6-1 m, ba a yin fure ba.

Yawancin nau'in Mediopicta Alba yana kama da wanda ya gabata, amma yana da farar fata.

Sarauniya Victoria Agave

Dankin yana da ƙananan kayan fure na fure-furen, ciyawar ta yi tsauri, tsawon cm 10 cm. A saman gefen takardar kuma gefenta suna bayyane farin kunkuntar ratsi.

Agave kõma, ko agave attenuate

Itatuwan tsire-tsire na perennial wanda tushe mai tsawon 1.5 m. Ana tattara ganyayyaki masu bakin ciki har zuwa 70 cm tsayi a cikin kayan tarawa. Launinsu launin launin toka-kore tare da ɗan farin launi. Amfanin su shine m gefuna gefuna ba tare da kaifin hutu ba.

Agave nitiferous

Daya daga cikin nau'ikan da aka fi sani. An shirya ganyayyaki a cikin lokacin farin ciki mai sikari ba tare da mai tushe ba. Fushin yana da girma, mai tsawo, dolo, zuwa sama. Yana haifar zuriya da yawa waɗanda za'a iya raba su nan da nan tare da asalinsu.

Masu shayar da Agave, ko agave potatorum

Plantsananan tsire-tsire masu fure tare da felu, tare da denticles tare da gefuna da spikes masu launuka masu yawa (mafi yawa ja). Yana girma a hankali.