Neman cikin dare - kulawar gida, nau'in hoto da iri

Solanum (Solanum) - wani perennial houseplant daga Nightshade iyali. A karkashin yanayin halitta, ya kai tsayin 1 mita ko sama da haka, a cikin ɗaki girman daji bai wuce 30 cm ba. Wurin haifuwar Nishaɗin dare shine Brazil, Uruguay da Peru. Babban ado na shuka shine zagaye, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu haske.

A kan shuka, suna riƙe har zuwa watanni shida. Mafi mashahuri tsakanin masu noman fure sune nau'in dwarf da yawa. M, m bushes densely rufe orange ko ja berries duba sosai m.

Tabbatar kula da kyakkyawan shuka na Brugmansia.

Nightshade: kulawar gida. A takaice

Nightshade a gida yana buƙatar kulawa:

Kula da daddare a gida. Daki-daki

Kula da daddare a gida mai sauki ne. Lokacin ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau, tsire-tsire masu shekaru 5 zuwa 5 fara farawa da himma da 'ya'yan itace.

Saukar dare

Namiji mai duhu na bazara a lokacin bazara. Tsire-tsire suna rufe da yalwar furanni masu launin tauraro. Bayan 'yan kaɗan daga baya, a maimakon furanni, an fara ɗaure berries. Da farko suna da kore, amma yayin da suke yin 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itacen sun zama ja ko lemo mai haske.

Yana ɗaukar watanni da yawa don cikakke cikakkiyar. Mafi yawan tsire-tsire masu ado na yau da kullun sun isa Sabuwar Shekara.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Dankin tsire-tsire mai ɗorewa a gida yana haɓaka mafi kyau kuma yana fure fure a yanayin matsakaici + 18-22 °. A lokacin zafi, zai iya rasa wasu daga furanni da ganyayyaki.

A cikin hunturu, danshade yana buƙatar zazzabi tsakanin + 15 °. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a kan shuka a irin wannan yanayi suna ɗaukar kusan bazara.

Fesa

Dole ne a fesa cikin kwanciyar hankali a ciki. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ruwan da aka yanke kafin a zazzabi a ɗakin. Fesa yana da mahimmanci musamman idan aka kiyaye shi da sanyi a cikin hunturu. Don haɓaka matakin danshi, ƙaramin akwati na ruwa kuma za'a iya sanya shi kusa da shuka.

Haske

Don haɓakawa na al'ada, kwanciyar hankali na buƙatar hasken rana mai haske. Sabili da haka, windows na kudu maso gabas sun fi dacewa da wurin sanyawa. A kansu, inji yana jin daɗin kwanciyar hankali.

Lokacin da aka sanya shi a gefen arewa, shuka yana buƙatar ƙarin haske, musamman a cikin hunturu. Domin daji ya zama mai shimfiɗa a cikin dare, yana jujjuyawa lokaci-lokaci.

Watering nighthade

Nightshade a gida sau da yawa kuma ana shayar da ruwa sosai. A lokacin rani, musamman a lokacin fure, a matsakaita sau ɗaya kowace kwana biyu. Shouldasa bazata taɓa bushewa ba, in ba haka ba fure zata iya rasa furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa. A cikin hunturu, a ƙarƙashin yanayin sanyi, shayarwa guda ɗaya a mako zai isa.

A lokaci guda, ruwan ban ruwa dole ne mai laushi da danshi. Yin amfani da ruwa mai wuya yana haifar da saurin gurɓataccen ƙasa, wanda hakan ke cutar da yanayin shuka.

Tukunyar Nightshade

Tukunyar filastik ko yumbu ta dace da haɓakar ɗakin kwana na cikin gida, babban abin shine cewa akwai ramuka magudanan ruwa a gindinta. Girmansa ya kamata ya zama ɗan girma fiye da tushen tsarin shuka. A cikin akwati mai sarari sosai, ƙasa na iya zama ruwan acidic, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar shuka.

Kasar

A kasar gona domin girma Nightshade ya kamata isasshen gina jiki da kuma sako-sako. Ya ƙunshi daidai sassan fasar turf, humus da yashi. Don girma, Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kayan duniya don tsire-tsire na cikin gida na samarwa masana'antu.

A kasan tukunyar, dole ne a sami kayan girke-girke na daskararren yumbu ko huhun kogin.

Taki da taki

A cikin tsawon girma daga Maris zuwa Agusta, an ciyar da Nightshade tare da cikakken takin ma'adinai don tsirrai na cikin gida tare da yawan lokuta sau 2 a wata. A lokacin da kiwo, da shawarar dosages ya kamata a fili kiyaye. Maganin takin mai magani da aka mayar da hankali sosai zai ƙone tushen tsarin.

Juyawa

Juyawa daga daddare yana gudana ne a farkon bazara. Dankin yana a hankali a canza shi zuwa ƙaramar ƙaramin dan kadan. Yayin juyawa, harbe kuma ana gajarta.

An raba su da kamar ɗaya bisa uku. Nan da nan bayan dasawa, ana shuka shayar da shuka sosai kuma an sanya shi cikin hasken wutar lantarki mai yaduwa na kwanaki 2-3.

Mai jan tsami

Tare da rashin walƙiya, harbe-harbe na dare suna buɗewa da sauri. A wannan yanayin, suna gajarta da rabi. Nan da nan bayan aniya, ana ciyar da Noman tare da takin mai tare da babban sinadarin nitrogen. Don samar da denser bushes, Nightshade ne pinched sau da yawa a lokacin bazara.

Lokacin hutawa

A cikin hunturu, daddare yana buƙatar lokacin hutawa. Don yin wannan, sanya tukunya tare da shuka a ƙarshen Oktoba a wuri mai sanyi, wurin-da-lit. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na lokacin sanyi a cikin hunturu shine + 13-15 °. Tare da abun ciki mai dumin zafi, inji ya fara shan wahala daga kwandunan gizo-gizo da fararen fata.

Shuka Noman dare daga zuriya

Nightshade yana da sauƙin yaduwa ta hanyar zuriya. Suna cirewa daga cikakken bishiyoyi, yankwanannen berries. Sun fara shuka a cikin Janairu. Don yin wannan, shirya canji na haske daga cakuda yashi na peat da vermiculite. Kafin yin shuka, ana shuka gwanon na mintina 30 a cikin duhu mai ruwan hoda na potassiumgangan.

A nan gaba, wannan zai kare seedlings daga cututtukan fungal.

Tsaba yana girma ba tare da nuna bambanci ba. Karofin farko sun bayyana bayan sati 2, na karshe bayan watanni 2. Yana da shekara wata daya, seedlings ya nutse cikin kwantena daban. Matasa tsirrai suna girma a cikin watanni 6-7.

Yaduwa da daddare ta yanke

A gida, za a iya yada jita-jita ta hanyar tsiro. Suna kafe a cikin cakuda peat da yashi a zazzabi na 22-25 °. Don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore, an rufe akwati da fim. A cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, rooting yana da sauri sosai.

Da zaran an fara yankan girma, an cire fim din. Don samar da m, m Fluff bushes, tsunkule tsire-tsire sau 3-4. Dukkanin abubuwanda suke rayuwa na dare suna da guba; don haka, dole ne a yi amfani da safofin hannu na roba yayin aiki tare dashi.

Cutar da kwari

Idan ba'a girmama yanayin girma ba, to akwai matsaloli da yawa.

• Ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itatuwa na bushewar daren. Matsalar mafi yawan lokuta tana tasowa ne saboda yawan zafin jiki da ƙarancin iska. Za a sake tukunya da kayan shuka a cikin wani wuri mai sanyaya kuma an yayyafa shi koyaushe.
• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari, kuma ganye ya fadi. Mafi m, da shuka sha wahala daga rashin danshi a cikin ƙasa. Wajibi ne a kiyaye tsarin ban ruwa sosai, kuma a hana bushewa na substrate.
• Ganyayyaki na Nighthade sun zama rawaya. Ganyen yellowing na iya zama saboda yawan ruwa ko kuma rashin walkiya. Dole ne a hankali bi shawarwarin don kula da shuka. Don hana ƙwanƙwasa a cikin tukunyar tukunya dole ne a kasance ramuka.
• Bayan fure, 'ya'yan itatuwa ba a ɗaure ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, tsire-tsire yana yin pollinating. Amma wani lokacin ana gudanar da pollination da hannu. Don yin wannan, kar girgiza tukunyar tare da shuka ko saka shi cikin wuri mai kyau.
• Nightshade yana girma a hankali. Ana lura da rashin ci gaba tare da karancin haske. Dole ne a sake shirya shuka a gefen kudu.
• Ana barin fure. Matsalar ta samo asali ne sakamakon karancin batir. Dole ne ayi amfani da takin mai magani shawarar akan lokaci.
• Ganyayyaki na Nishaɗi na jujjuyawa. Nightshade yana da karancin potassium. Don kawar da matsalar, ana amfani da takin ƙasa zuwa ƙasa.
• Leavesasan ganyen Namijin rawaya mai launin shuɗi ne. Itace na fama da karancin magnesium a cikin kasar. Ciyar da takin mai magani tare da abubuwan ganowa wajibi ne.
• Rawanin rawaya a kan ganye na dare. Alamomin da aka bayyana sune halayen cututtukan hoto. Matakan da za'a iya amfani dasu don magance su babu su. An lalata tsire-tsire masu cutar.

Daga cikin kwari, Nightshade galibi yakan shafi gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphid, whitefly, scutellaria. Don magance su, ana amfani da kwari mai kashe kwari.