Saukowa Tui: tukwici da dabaru don saukowa da kulawa

Thuja wakili ne mai haske game da dangi na gidan yanar gizon Cypress. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai kyau, kyakkyawa, tsire-tsire har abada. Saboda kyawawan halayensa masu kyau, ana kiran shi "itacen sarauta". Yawancin lambu suna yin kwalliyar makircinsu tare da wannan shuka, kuma ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu zanen fili.

Wannan itaciyar ana kiranta “bishiyar rayuwa” saboda abubuwan da suka warkar da su. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa ana yin magunguna da yawa don dalilai daban-daban daga gare ta, ƙanshin itacen wannan ma yana warkarwa. Sabili da haka, tafiya a cikin lambu, inda thuja ke tsiro, yana da amfani mai amfani ga jiki.

Baƙo daga Arewacin Amurka (yaduwa a Gabas ta Asiya), thuja ta ɗauki tushe sosai a cikin yanayin yanayin tsakiyar yankin, saboda ƙamshinta, wasu nau'in za su iya yin tsayayya har ma da tsananin sanyi. Wadannan tsirrai suna da kyau don shirya shinge, galibi ana amfani dasu don ƙirƙirar kyawawan wurare masu faɗi wuri mai faɗi. Don samar da ingantaccen kulawa ga thuja a cikin filin ƙasa, ba ya buƙatar babban saka jari na lokaci da ƙoƙari.

Bayanin Thuja

Wadannan bishiyoyi masu dazuzzuka bishiyoyi ne ko bishiyoyi. A cikin yanayi, nau'ikan da yawa sun zama ruwan dare. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, samfurori masu tsayi har zuwa 70 m tsinkaye da rawanin kambi har zuwa 6. Ana samun nau'ikan kayan ado a cikin gidajen lambun tsakiyar tsararrakin suna da matsakaicin tsayi na 10 m, wasu har zuwa m 20. Girman kambi ya kai 2.5 m.

Thuja yana cikin yanayin abubuwan wasan motsa jiki. Flat tsaba da fikafikan biyu sune guda 1-2 a cikin oblong ko m scaly cones. Ripen by fall. Tsaba da ke da iri suna tsakiyar kambi; a cikin waɗanda ke kusantar da bishiyar thuja, babu zuriya.

Ganyayyaki a cikin kananan tsire-tsire masu allura ne mai siffa-mai-laushi, mai taushi, koren haske a launi, kuma a cikin manya - kore mai duhu, sikandire, mai wuta a kan ƙananan baya fiye da na sama. A wasu nau'ikan, launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa yana bayyana a cikin hunturu. Suna da taushi ga taɓawa, kusan ba farashi bane.

Haushi na Trunks a cikin samfurori matasa yana da launin ruwan kasa mai laushi-launin fata, kuma tare da shekaru yana fara rage lalacewa, tashi cikin ratsi kuma ya sami farin launi. Tushen tushen ya inganta, na sama.

Thuja, ba a kula da yanayi na musamman ba, yana girma sosai a biranen da iska ke ƙazanta, a sauƙaƙe yana jure sanyi.Ya kan yi amfani da shi sosai don ƙirƙirar abubuwan saman. Ana iya ba shi nau'i daban-daban, pruning yana da amfani mai amfani ga lafiyar ta.

Iri daban-daban na thuja

Thuja yana da siffofin da yawa:

• columnar (conical ko pyramidal);
• mai siffar zobe;
• dwarf.

Akwai nau'ikan guda biyar a cikin duka:

• yamma - mafi unpretentious da tsayayya ga sanyi, mafi yawanci horar a tsakiyar layi, babban iri-iri iri;
• Yaren mutanen Koriya - sanyi mai jure sanyi, baya jure yanayin rani, yana girma da kyau a yankuna masu launin kore, kambi ne mai ƙyalli, allura mai laushi, lush, daga kore zuwa launin farar fata, tare da ƙanshin citrus-coniferous;
• Jafananci - sannu a hankali girma, matsakaicin tsayi na bushes har zuwa 5 m, kambi yana yaduwa, mai laushi, launi yana launin shuɗi tare da sautunan azurfa, sanyi mai tsauri (amma baya jure hunturu), baya son fari;
• nadaɗa - tsawon shekaru (500-600 shekaru), nasa ne ga mafi girman wakilan arborvitae, a cikin yanayi wasu bishiyoyi sun girma har zuwa 70 m, tare da narkakken gangar jikin kusan 2 m, nau'in ado na ado ya haɗu zuwa 15-20 m, kambi ya yi kauri, pyramidal;
• gabashin - fata mai ban sha'awa a cikin kulawa, sanannen saboda adorativeness, mai tsananin zafi-ƙauna, baya jure yanayin sanyi, ya zaɓi ƙasa mai dutse, kambi na haske koren launi.

Iri daban-daban na Thuja

Daga cikin wadannan guda biyar, sama da nau'ikan 120 ake barnatarwa.

Yawancin waɗannan wakilan wakilan yamma ne. Mafi mashahuri a cikin gidajen Aljannar da wuraren shakatawa na tsakiyar layin:

Thuja dasa a cikin ƙasa bude

Ba shi da wuya a yi girma thuja, ko da mai farawa zai iya jimre shi. Don samun kyawawan tsire-tsire masu lafiya, kuna buƙatar kulawa da waɗannan a gaba:

• kimanta ra'ayin gaba ɗaya na shafin, hasken wuta (kasancewar bishiyoyi masu tsayi), kusanci ga sauran tsirrai, nemi wurin da ya dace;
• la'akari da yanayin yanayin yanayin da nau'in ƙasa;
• tantance lokacin;
• zabi kyawawan tsire-tsire;
• zuwa ban kasa bisa ka'idodi;
• bayar da kulawa mai dacewa.

Zabi na shuka da yanayin shuka

Yawancin matasa thuja ana sayar da su a cikin kwantena na kwantena, a cikin burlap tare da ƙasa. Ta hanyar wasu alamu, ya rigaya ya yiwu a tantance yadda za su iya inganta kuma yadda suke da tushe a cikin sabon wuri. Af, tsire-tsire masu shekaru 3-4 da suka fi karɓa kuma suna girma da sauri, suna iya riskar waɗanda suka riga shekaru 5-6 sun girma.

Lokacin da kake bincika 'ya'yan seedlings, kana buƙatar kula da irin waɗannan maki:

• idan kambi ya ƙoshi, yana da launi mara kyau, to, saiwoyin suke cikin tsari, irin wannan misalin zai faru cikin sabon wuri cikin sauri;
• launin launi na allura launuka daban-daban ne na kore ko zinare, idan launin ruwan kasa ne, to shuka ba ta da lafiya, ba ta da abubuwan gina jiki;
• mafi kyau lokacin da kambi na seedling ne sifa;
• akwati yakamata ya kasance;
• bututun tsire-tsire masu lafiya ba su murƙushe ba: yana yiwuwa a bincika ko tsirrai na raye ta hanyar matso allurai a cikin tafin hannunka - idan ya yi ma'amala da ita nan da nan, lokacin da aka sake shi, to kuwa ƙwayar ta zama daidai;
• kasar gona dole ne ta zama mai daɗi, saboda lokacin da tushen ya kasance cikin bushewa na dogon lokaci, ƙila kar a ɗauki tsire-tsire;
• ya fi kyau, gwargwadon abin da zai yiwu, don bincika rhizomes, wanda ya kamata ya kasance tare da m, lafiya, fararen harbe-ruwan hoda (launin ruwan kasa da laushi ga taɓawar riga an lalace saboda mummunan ruwa).
  

Zamani na sauka thuja

Babu takamaiman kwanan wata, kuna buƙatar zaɓar dangane da yanayin sauyin yanayi a yankin. Lokacin da ya dace ya dogara da farkon lokacin bazara ya sauka ko sanyi lokacin sanyi ya shigo. Kuna iya shuka daga bazara zuwa kaka, lura da madaidaitan halaye na wani yanayi.

An ba da shawarar dasa shuki, tunda a wannan lokacin kunna ci gaban Tushen da aiwatarwa, wanda ke ba da izinin shukawa cikin sauri, kuma ga lokacin dumin lokaci thuja tana da lokaci don yin ƙarfi. A cikin bazara, kuna buƙatar sauka a watan Maris-Afrilu, lokacin da yanayin yanayi mai ɗumi yana faruwa a yankin.

Idan an yi dasa shuki a lokacin rani, to kuna buƙatar tabbatar da shayarwa na yau da kullun, don hana bushewa ƙasa, mafi kyawun lokacin yana cikin watan Agusta.

A cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar lissafta lokacin saboda shuka yana da lokaci don fara tsayawa sanyi.

• Tsarin tsakiya da Yankin Moscow - ba zai wuce tsakiyar Oktoba ba;
• Kudancin - Nuwamba;
• Ural da Siberiya - ƙarshen Satumba.

Wuri

Idan nan da nan ka sami wurin da ya dace don thuja a gonar, to a nan gaba ba lallai ne ku ciyar da lokaci mai yawa akan ƙarin kulawa don shi ba - yin sha, yaƙi rawaya da zubar da allura.

Abubuwan da yakamata ayi la'akari dasu lokacin zabar wurin:

• shafin ya kamata ya zama mai haske sosai, amma an kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye, kawai an ba da izinin inuwar rabin inuwar, inuwar tana da mummunan tasiri kan ci gaban arborvitae;
• A kusancin manyan bishiyoyi tare da tushen da suka girma, ba za ku iya dasa wannan ba, saboda za su yi abubuwa da yawa, suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu amfani daga ƙasa;
• ba ta son ƙauyen tare da asters, peonies;
• baya yarda da zayyanar, ya zama dole a zabi wuraren da ba su da iska;
• Wadannan conifers suna yin laima, amma suna nuna mummunar rashi na ruwa a tushen, saboda haka suna zaɓan wuraren da matakin ruwan ƙasa bai kusan 1 m zuwa farfajiya ba.

Za'a iya dasa Thuja a kusa da nau'i na shinge, nisan da ke tsakanin su ya zama 50-60 cm.

Kasar

Asan da ta dace ya kamata ta ƙunshi ƙasa turɓaya, peat (2: 1), wanda za'a iya ƙara humus (1), kuma a cikin yanayin ƙasa, a ƙarshe na ƙara peat, yashi, humus (2: 1: 2: 3).

Bugu da ƙari, an cakuda cakuda da superphosphate ko nitroammophos - kusan 3 handfuls, tabbatar an haɗa komai da kyau don taki ba ya ƙone tushen tushe ba.

Dokokin saukarwa

1. Pre-shirya rami rami. A kasan, ana yin magudanar ruwa (10-15 cm ko fiye) wanda aka yi da tubali, dutse mai fashewa, yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa. To, fada barci tare da cakuda abinci mai cakuda.
2. Rabin awa ɗaya kafin dasa shuki, ana shayar da thuja tare da tushen haɓaka mai saurin motsawa - ban da fa'ida ga tushen tsarin, wannan zai ba ka damar a hankali ka fitar da ƙurar ƙasa daga cikin kwandon.
3. Kuna iya fitar da shuka daga tanki kawai lokacin da komai ya shirya don dasawa. Saboda tushen sa da sauri kuma mai yiwuwa ne ba za a karɓi thuja din ba.
4. An zuba guga na ruwa a cikin ramin da aka shirya tare da ƙasa don ci gaba da guje wa karɓar girma.
5. An sanya thuja a cikin ƙasa domin wuyansa mai mahimmanci ya zama 3-4 cm sama da matakin ƙasa - wannan tanadi ne don rarar ƙasa. Bayan shi yayi daidai da farfajiya.

Yayi girma sosai ko matsayin zurfin tushen wuyansa.

6. A kewayen seedling, ragowar ƙasa mai gina jiki an rufe shi kuma an shayar da shi. Bayan subsunity na kasar gona, kara ma cire ruwa tare da farfajiya.
7. Wurin da aka saukowa wuri yana cike da takaddun itace ko kwakwalwan itace. Kada su taɓa gangar jikin, in ba haka ba itaciyar za ta toshe.

Thuja kula a cikin ƙasa bude

Idan an yi saukowa daidai, to sai a cigaba da kula da arborvitae ba zai buƙatar lokaci mai yawa ba. Yayinda ake ɗaukar tsire ana shayar dashi akai-akai. Matashi (10 L), manya (50 L), safiya ko maraice.

Lokaci-lokaci, duniya da ke kewaye da thuja tana kwance kuma an cire ciyayi, a hankali, tushen sa ba zurfi ba.

Ana yin riguna na gaba mai zuwa watanni shida bayan dasa, sannan isasshen lokacin bazara. Yi amfani da takin zamani don conifers.

A cikin bazara suna aiwatar da tsabtace tsabtace tsabtace rassan, kuma a cikin fall - na ado.

Harin hunturu

A karshen kaka, har yanzu m matasa shuke-shuke an rufe shi daga sanyi tare da spruce, burlap. Itatuwa na manya ba su tsari, amma kawai ciyawa Tushen, ƙara peat da kuma kwanciya rassan coniferous. Sanya reshen a cikin akwati domin kada su fashe a ƙarƙashin nauyin dusar ƙanƙara. Saki a cikin bazara.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Kwari wasu lokuta yakan shafi Thuja kuma yana fama da cututtuka: