Furen fure na cikin gida, stapelia, yana jan hankalin mutane idan lokacin yazo. Manyan furanni guda ɗaya masu kyau suna da kyakkyawan tsari na yau da kullun, inuwa iri-iri da ƙanshin halayyar - tsirrai ta jawo musu kwari.
Ba ya buƙatar kwari don abinci, amma don pollination da iri. A cikin yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu, inda tsire-tsire ya fito, babu ƙudan zuma ko ƙwaro.
Bayanin
A shuka nasa ne a gidan Kutrovy (Lastovnyh), da HALITTAR succulents. Furanni sun bambanta, daga ƙarami, har zuwa 5 mm, zuwa babba - cm 30. Ga ƙofofi na cikin gida - 5-6 cm.Salin shine tauraro mai nuna maki biyar, na yau da kullun, ƙararrawa ne sosai.
Shades - nama-burgundy, launin ruwan kasa, m cikin farar fata ko nettle. Wasu nau'ikan suna da fure mai fure.
Bayanin bayyanar gaba ɗaya: mai tushe mai laushi tabarau ne na kore, mai launin shuɗi-mai-haske, mai haske, a cikin rana za su iya zama masu launin shuɗi. Suna da yawa, mai laushi, tare da gefuna da aka ɗora, zasu iya kaiwa tsawon cm 60. Babu ganye.
Bambanci daga murtsunguwa
A shuka ne sau da yawa rikice tare da murtsunguwa. Haƙiƙa, ƙwayayenta mai tushe suna kama da epiphyllum, wanda galibi ana girma a cikin al'adun ɗakin kuma dan cigaban yanayi ne. Duk da haka, stapelia ba shi da alaƙa da wannan rukunin tsire-tsire. Wannan nasara ce daga dangin Lastovnev (ba da umarnin ianan Al'ummai). Duk da yake cacti suna cikin dangin Cactus (cloves oda).
Dabbobi
Dakunan suna girma da nau'in nau'ikan nau'ikan halitta (wasu lokuta ana kiransu iri daban-daban) na kwance.
| Suna | Bayanin |
| Babban-stapedel stapedel ko grandiflora (S. Grandiflora) | Furannin furanni ne, kama, da taurari, manya-manyan - cm cm - species jinsin da ke daɗaɗɗen wuta bashi da ƙanshi. Akwai ra'ayin Stapelia tavaresia grandiflora. Duk da irin wannan suna, yana da fure daban daban. Suna kama da manyan dogayen kararrawa. |
| Yakinda Kawa (Stapelia variegata) | Furanni 5-8 cm, m, shuɗi mai haske, ya bambanta, a cikin baƙar fata. Kamshi yake yi sosai. |
| Giant stapelia (Stapelia gigantea) | Yana da manyan furanni, har zuwa 35 cm a diamita. Haske mai rawaya, mai cike da layuka masu duhu tare da duhu. Kamshin yana da ƙarfi sosai, saboda tunawa da naman ruɓa ne. |
| Kyaftin dakarma (Stapelia glanduliflora) | Furanni masu matsakaici ne, har zuwa 5 cm, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, amma ainihin na da gashi mai laushi. Gashi sun kasance a cikin nau'i na ƙananan fil tare da kauri a ƙarshen, fari. Saboda wannan, da alama an furanni furanni da yawa. |
| Karancin alkalin wasa (Stapelia flavopurpurea) | Furanni masu ƙanƙane a cikin girman, har zuwa 4 cm, siffar - tauraro mai ƙarfi da aka watsa, tare da shinge mai zurfi mai zurfi na launi koren haske. Itatuwan fure sun lalace, wanda shine dalilin da yasa saman su yayi kama da doodle. Ƙanshi mai daɗi. |
| Wilpman Kanarwa (Stapelia wilmaniae, ko leendertziae) | Furen fure mai haske mai haske mai kama da karrarawa a cikin siffar, tsayin 12.5 cm |
| Hirsut Stapelia, ko Hairy (Stapelia hirsuta) | Duhunan taurari masu duhu, waɗanda aka lullube su da gashi, 5-15 cm, yayi kama da naman da yake jujjuyawa a bayyanar da ƙanshi. |
| Kawain kawan (stapelia divaricata) | Furanni suna da santsi, taurari da kakin zuma na inuwa mai haske, suna dan ƙara ƙwanƙoluwa zuwa tukwicin fure, har zuwa 4 cm. |
Stapelia Comb (f. Cristata) wani nau'i ne na wasu nau'in (gigantea, grandiflora, herrei), tare da halayyar fused mai kama da layin teku.
Harshen genus guernia (hernia) yana da kusanci ga hanyar kwance - ƙarin ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da harbe-harben spiky da bambance-bambancen, fasali mai ban mamaki da launuka, fure.
Kulawar gida don hanyar kwance
Stapeli unpreentious, zasu buƙaci mafi ƙarancin yanayi. Wannan kyakkyawan shuka ne ga mutanen da ba su da lokaci ko ƙwarewa. Kulawa a gida don wannan fure ya sauko ga dokoki masu sauki.
Wuri, Haske
Haske don shuka yana buƙatar haske, amma mai tushe zai iya lalacewa ta hanyar hasken rana kai tsaye, har zuwa ƙonewa. Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar shading akan taga ta kudu ko baranda a cikin lokacin zafi.
Lura da rashin hasken ba mai wahala bane: maras nauyi, mai elongated, thinned mai tushe. Da suka wuce haddi sigar fata ne mai launin fata da launin ruwan kasa bushe ƙone na ƙonewa.
Zazzabi
A lokacin rani, hanyoyin kwance za su gamsu da daidaitaccen ɗakin zazzabi. A cikin hunturu, kamar kowane tsire-tsire na hamada, zai fi dacewa + 10 ... + 14 ° C. A lokacin dormancy flower buds an dage farawa. Amma idan babu wata hanyar tsara sanyi, zaku iya barin shuka a zazzabi na + 20 ... + 25 ° С. Furen ba zai mutu ba, zai rayu har sai lokacin bazara. Gaskiya ne, a wannan yanayin, ba lallai ne ka dogara da furanni masu yawa na kaka ba.
Watering, zafi
A shuka ba ya bukatar yawan ruwa. A lokacin bazara, ruwa a matsakaici, lokaci 1 a mako. A cikin hunturu - ya fi kyau ka guji shayarwa. Amma, idan zazzabi zuwa ɗakin gidan ya yi tsayi kuma shuka bai tafi hutawa ba, ya wajaba ruwa ya wajaba.
Wannan yakamata a yi hakan akai-akai fiye da lokacin bazara, lokaci 1 cikin sati biyu biyu, yayin da ake buqatar shirya hasken shuka, in ba haka ba mai tushe zai daɗe sosai. Betweenasa tsakanin mai ban ruwa ya kamata ya bushe sosai.
Fesa ba lallai ba ne, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, ana iya wanke tsire, amma kawai tare da gurɓataccen cuta.
Manyan miya
Shuka ba ta buƙatar abinci mai yawa, amma don ingantacciyar girma da fure a lokacin rani, zaka iya yin takaddun ma'adinan ma'adinai don furanni na cikin gida ko na musamman don cacti.
Ana aiwatar da suturar sama da yawa makonni kafin a sa ran furanni da kuma lokacin bayyanar buds.
An narkar da taki tare da ruwa sau 2-3 a kwatancen da sashi da aka ƙayyade a cikin umarnin don kar a ƙone tushen. Za ka iya ruwa sakamakon da za a warware kawai a kan ƙurar ƙasa.
Dokoki don shiga da dasawa
Ba a buƙatar shuka tsiran don cakuda ƙasa cakuda, amma ba za a iya ɗaukar gauraya mai babban sinadarin humus ba. Stapelia zai dace da ƙasar da aka saba don cacti.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don dasa shine sandy loam tare da pH na 5.5-7. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan malalewa. Abun cikin cakuda da aka yi cikin gida: turmin ƙasa (2 sassa), ma'adini ko yashi kogin (1 part).
Tukunyar tana buƙatar ɗaukar mara nauyi, amma fadi, tushen tsarin hannun jari, sabanin tsire-tsire da yawa waɗanda ke adana danshi a cikin mai tushe, ba ya tafiya mai zurfi kuma baya bambanta cikin aiki.
1/3 na tukunya yana cike da magudanar ruwa. A lokacin da dasawa, da shuka kawar da tsohon harbe a tsakiyar, ba su samar da fure buds.
Bayan dasawa, hanyar kwance ba ta buƙatar a shayar da shi har tsawon kwanaki 5-7 don guje wa cutarwa mai laushi ga asalin Tushen. Da zarar wannan lokacin wuce, na farko da ruwa ne da za'ayi.
Ba lallai ba ne a dasa shuki da kyawawan tsire-tsire masu ji daɗin ji kowace shekara; ya isa ya rama ƙasa da santimita na ƙasa ta cire saman Layer da maye gurbinsa da ƙasan sabo. An cire tsoffin harbe.
Kiwo
Stapelia sauƙin yaduwa ta zuriya da mai tushe. An yanke yankan daga babban tushe, ana saka su cikin ruwa ko kuma nan da nan aka dasa su a cikin cakuda yashi da peat (cakuda ƙasa mai da aka shirya). Zaɓin na kiwo na biyu shine fin so. Kafin yin tushe, an yanke ciyawar a zazzabi a daki na tsawon awoyi (bushe). Wannan ya zama dole domin yanke warkaswa.
Ruwan madara na shuka mai guba, mai haɗari ga kwari da yawa. Wannan dukiyar ta sa ya zama dole a yi aiki da kyau tare da yankuna. Wannan ba zai kawo lahani da yawa ba, amma yana iya haifar da haushi daga cikin mucous membranes.
Sake buguwa ta wurin tsaba ragin ne, amma kuma baya haifar da matsaloli. Tsaba suna da sauƙin samu a gida. An tattara su daga kwasfan kwalliya na elongated, wanda daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ya bayyana akan shuka. Tsaba ta fure tayi kama da iri iri na 'Dandelion. An shuka su a cikin bazara a cakuda yashi da ƙasa, ana ajiye su a wuri mai haske a zazzabi na + 24 ° C. Bayan makonni 3-4, za a fito da tsire-tsire, za'a mai da su cikin ƙananan tukwane don cin nasara (cm 6). Bayan shekara guda, tsire-tsire za su yi girma sosai don yin jigilar farko a cikin sabon akwati.
Karin kwari, cututtuka
Za'a iya shafar stapelia ta hanyar aphids, mealybugs da ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, amma wannan yana cikin yanayi na musamman - idan an shirya kulawa da rashin kyau. Gabaɗaya, a gida, shuka yana da matukar kariya ga kwari da cututtuka.
Babban kuskuren kawai shine cikawa ko mamaye tare da takin mai magani, ko ƙasa mai nauyi, ƙasa mai ɗaukar ruwa. Tare da wuce haddi danshi, da shuka fara rashin lafiya da na kwayan cuta rot.
Kurakurai da mafita
Babban kurakurai a bayyane suke a cikin ido: shuka ba ya faranta wa furanni fure ko ya dawwama mummuna mai tushe.
Akwai dalilai da yawa don rashin launuka:
- Wintering yayi yawa sosai, rashin lokacin hutawa.
- Hanyoyi: ruwa mai yawa, rashin haske, yalwar taki.
- Rashin takin mai magani na potash, nitrogenous wuce haddi.
- Bay, kasa mai yawa, mara kyau malalewa.
Idan mai tushe suka miƙe, hanyar ba ta rana. Kuna buƙatar sake shirya ta akan tebur ta wuta mai haske, sanya fitilu ko shirya yanayi mai sanyaya.
Kurakurai cikin kulawar hanyar ba wuya, haɓakar wannan mahaɗan ana iya ba da shawarar amintattu ga sabon shiga. Kuma masu noman furanni masu sarkakiya baza su wuce ta ba. Dankin yana da asali sosai kuma yana jan hankali. Amfani da furen ba kawai a cikin ƙawatarta da kuma sabon abu ba. Masanan taurari sun yi imani da cewa stapelia suna fitar da makamashi mara kyau daga gida.
