Eonium treelike shine tsire na dangin Crassulaceae. Wannan fure mai ban sha'awa shine asalin kasar Maroko. Daga can, an kawo shi zuwa Amurka, Biritaniya, Mexico, wasu ƙasashen kudancin Turai da Australiya, inda zai iya yin ƙasa a cikin ƙasa. A Rasha, ana noma shi ne kawai a cikin yanayi na cikin gida. Sunan daga Latin "Aeonium" an fassara shi da "madawwamin". Succulents kuma ana kiranta wardi na hamada.
Bayanin Eonium
A karkashin yanayin halitta, Eonium ya kai tsayin 2 m, a cikin gida - 40-90 cm. Ganyayyaki mai siffar-cokali mai launin fudu 1.5-3 lokacin farin ciki ya tara danshi. Suna girma zuwa 15 cm a tsawon kuma 4.5 a fadi, sau da yawa suna rufe sutturar farin ciki. Fuskar faranti takan zama mai haske kuma. Rassa masu dacewa tare da sashi na 3 cm sun zama m tare da lokaci. A shuka nasa ne na shekara-shekara shrubs, ya mutu bayan flowering. Namiji kawai tare da harbe-harbe da yawa na iya ci gaba da rayuwar rayuwa.
Peduncle kai tsaye tare da rassan gefen, yana bayyana daga tsakiyar mafita a ƙarshen hunturu. A ƙarshen, ana kafa inflorescences a cikin nau'i na gogeram na pyramidal tare da diamita na 2 cm tare da launi mai rawaya mai haske. Petals ƙananan ne, elongated, triangular a siffar. Tushen su ne filiform da airy, suna da matukar kyau sosai.
Iri da nau'in aeonium
Akwai succulents sama da 70. Tebur yana nuna ra'ayoyin cikin gida tare da sunaye da manyan abubuwan da zasu iya tsarawa a cikin haɗuwa ta asali.
| Dubawa | Bayanin |
| Gida | Manne, tare da spade-kamar duhu kore ganye. Tsawon ya kai cm 30. Stalks an lanƙwasa sama. |
| Noble | Soket tare da diamita na 50 cm a kan ɗan gajeren kara guda. Leaf faranti a cikin nau'i na tsagi, inuwa zaitun. Ganyen jan ƙarfe |
| Kayan ado | Halittuwar Halifa. A cikin samfuran kananan yara haske mai launi koren launi tare da iyaka mai launin ja, a cikin tsofaffi ya kusan zama ja. Inflorescences suna ruwan hoda mai haske. Ya girma zuwa 150 cm, tushe an rufe shi da ƙaiƙai daga ganye da ke ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. |
| Burhard | Rosettes har zuwa cm 10 a launi .. Launi ba ya daidaita: ɓangaren tsakiya shine haske mai launin kore, bangarorin gefe suna da danshi da orange. |
| Canary | Perennial iri-iri. Faranti-mai faranti, zagaye. A inuwa ne lemun tsami, a farfajiya ne kawai m haske villi. Border ja-burgundy. |
| Wavy | A kan akwati mai launin toka tare da duhu scars akwai harbe da yawa. Ciyayi tare da wavy iyaka, fadi a tukwici. A buds duhu launin rawaya. |
| Gabila | Kasan murfin ƙasa. Rosettes tare da ƙanshin balsamic an rufe su da villi mai laushi. Asalinsu ruwan hoda ne. |
| Dogon layi | Ganyen suna kanana, zagaye, tsayayye kusa da junan su kuma an shirya su a bangarorin. An rufe shi da kodadde mai taushi. |
| Schwarzkopf | Artificially horar da iri-iri tare da launi maroon. Abun da babban farin cilia. |
| An sanya layi | Fitowa mai fadi da yadudduka zuwa 50 cm a diamita yana girma kusan daga ƙasa. Inflorescences sune dala, mai launin rawaya. |
| Haworth / Qiwi | Buds rataye, a kan harbi guda 7 daga cikinsu. Rosette launin toka-kore tare da ja iyaka da villi. Yana girma ba fiye da 30 cm ba. |
| Lindley | Daga Maris zuwa Afrilu, kyawawan furanni masu launin zinare sun yi fure a kai. Yana fitar da ƙanshin mai daɗi. Gangar jikin na woody, yana da harbe-harbe masu yawa. |
| Balsamic | Tana da kamshi na halayyar da dogayen layuka masu tsini tare da faranti masu launin kore a ƙarshen. |
| Zinare | Perennial. Ruwan ya rufe shi da rawanin ja wanda ya ratsa tsakiya da gefuna. Jirgin itace da harbe masu yawa. |
| Itace kamar | Branchesanan ƙananan rassan sun taurara akan lokaci. Launin haske mai launin kore, furanni masu launin rawaya tare da raƙuman ruwa mara nauyi. |
Fasali na kulawa da aeonium
| Matsayi | Lokacin bazara | Lokacin sanyi |
| Haske da wuri | Saka a kan kudu maso gabas ko kudu taga. A cikin lokacin zafi, kariya daga ƙonewa, inuwa. Ana iya fitar da shi zuwa sabon iska. | Saiti a kudu ko kudu maso gabas taga a cikin mafi haske tabo. Haske na jikin mutum ba zai iya zama ba. |
| Zazzabi | + 20 ... +25 ° C, lokacin da aka kiyaye shi a kan titi ko baranda - ba ƙasa da +10 ° C da dare ba. | + 10 ... +12 ° C. An ba da izinin + 18 ... +20 ° C, amma tsirran zai samar da roanƙwasa ƙasa da yawa. |
| Haushi | Ji da kyau tare da zafi sama da 30%. Fesa kawai lokacin da ƙura ta tara kuɗaɗe. | |
| Watse | Tare da bushewa kusan dukkanin yadudduka na ƙasa. Direct jet na ruwa tsananin gefen gefen tukunyar, ba tare da taɓa abin da ya fi dacewa da kanta ba. | Rage mita, danshi fiye da sau ɗaya a kowane mako na 2-4. |
| Manyan miya | Sanya cakuda cacti da succulents a cikin ƙasa kowane makonni 3 a cikin lokacin girma. | Babu bukata. |
Juyawa
Kuna buƙatar juyar da shuka a kowace shekara, idan yazo ga samfuran samari, ko kowane shekaru 2-3 lokacin da kuke kula da tsofaffin aeoniums. Yi amfani da daidaitaccen cakuda, an bayyana hanyar shirya ƙasa. Idan an lura da lalatattun Tushen a lokacin dasawa, suna buƙatar a yanka su kuma yayyafa su da toka, kuma mafi gawayi gawayi ya kamata a ƙara ƙasa.
Lokacin canza tukunya, ba za a iya canza dutsen ba, amma tabbatar da ƙara adadin da ya ɓace.
Kasar
Cakudawar yakamata ya ƙunshi abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin rabo na 2: 3: 2: 1:
- humus;
- kogin kogi;
- ƙasar gona;
- baƙin ƙarfe.
Idan waɗannan nau'ikan ƙasa suna da wahalar samu, zaku iya siyan ƙasa da aka shirya don cacti ko succulents. A cikin ƙananan tukunyar tukunya, yana da matuƙar mahimmanci don yin magudanar ruwa mai kyau na 7-8 cm, wanda ba zai ba da damar ruwa ya yi tururi ba.
Kiwo
Succulents yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba da tsaba. Ga masu farawa a fagen aikin gona, ya fi kyau amfani da zaɓi na farko. Don tushen ganyen, ya kamata ka:
- Gyara saman maɓallin tare da rosette ba tare da lalata ganye ba.
- Yayyafa mahaifiyar daji a wurin da aka yanka tare da ash, sannan a saka cikin inuwa. Wannan zai kare shi daga rashin lafiya da mutuwa yayin lokacin murmurewa.
- Yi akwati tare da maɓallin 2 yashi da yanki na 1 humus. Createirƙiri shimfidar magudanar ruwa.
- Tsaba da iri guda a lokaci guda. Ruwa mai yalwa, guje wa danshi a kan kara kanta.
- Cakuda sosai a hankali kamar yadda topsoil ke bushewa, yana kallon fitowar ruwa mai wuce haddi. Makonni biyu bayan fitowar Tushen, dasa shi cikin ƙasa mai kyau.
Yin amfani da tsaba don shuka fure ya fi wahala. Da yawa guda bukatar a dannan guntu a cikin ƙasa tattalin (guda aka gyara kamar lokacin da yaduwa da itace). Rufe tukunyar tare da tsare ko sanya a ƙarƙashin murfin gilashi. Cire fim din yau da kullun don samun iska domin kada sprouts din suyi suyi, a hankali su sanyaya ƙasa daga bindigar da aka fesa. Rike zazzabi kamar +20 ° C. Seedlings bayan bayyanar farkon ganye ruwan wukake.
Matsaloli tare da girma eonium
Don kauce wa matsalolin da ke sama, ya isa a bi ka'idodi masu sauƙi don kulawa da gida, da kuma kada a sanya sabbin tsire-tsire, wataƙila an kamu da kwari, kusa da mai nasara.
| Rashin lafiya ko matsala | Dalili | Magani |
| Farin kakin zuma mai laushi, jinkirta tsiro, bushewar ganye. | Kayar da mealybug saboda sayan ƙasa mara kyau ko sabuwar fure. | Idan akwai ƙananan lahani, wanke foli ɗin da ruwa mai sawa tare da giya na ethyl. Maimaita kowane kwana 4 har sai an warware matsalar gaba daya. Tare da babban tarin kwari, yi amfani da Karbofos bisa ga umarnin. |
| Canja lanƙwasa na mai tushe mai laushi da ruwan wutsiyar ganye. Softening da wateriness na kyallen takarda. | Late Blight, ci gaba saboda wuce kima yawan ruwa ko zafi. | Cire sassan da ke lalacewa. Idan duk tushen tsarin ya shafa, haifuwa ta amfani da apical cuttings. |
| Rashin hasken launi, jinkirin ci gaba, ƙwanƙwasawa mara amfani. | Fusarium | Bi da tare da Bayleton, Fundazole ko Maxim. Don sanya daban daga wasu tsire-tsire a cikin bushewa da zafi. Don tsabtace wuraren da abin ya shafa. |
| Tukwane akan ciyawar haske ko inuwa mai gajiya, sannu a hankali. | Anthrocnosis. | A matakin farko na cutar, yanke gurɓatattun wuraren da ke ɗauke da mashin mai kaifi. Idan cutar ta bunkasa da ƙarfi, dole ne a jefa shuka. |
| Ganyen launin ruwan kasa a bazara. | Karin hasken rana, kunar rana. | Humanƙantar da kai daga kwalban fesa, ruwa, cire daga taga ta kudu ko inuwa. |
| Cketsarancin rauni mai rauni. | Rashin tukunyar tukunya da abubuwan gina jiki. | Shuka, ƙara miya zuwa ƙasa. |
| Ganyayyaki ya fadi. | A lokacin rani akwai rashin walƙiya, a cikin hunturu akwai wuce haddi na danshi. | Saita yanayin ruwa. Sanya tukunya a cikin wurin da aka kunna. |
Kayan warkarwa na Eonium
Juice na Eonium treelike yana da maganin antiseptik da rauni warkar Properties. Yana kunna ayyukan haɓakawa kuma yana haɓaka samar da ƙwaƙwalwa, yana lalata ƙwayoyin cuta. Mazauna Maroko suna amfani da shi don kulawa:
- Glaucoma da cataracts. Maganin tare da karamin adadin ruwan 'ya'yan itace ana shigar da shi cikin idanu sau uku a rana har sai ya inganta.
- Tsarin kumburi akan fata, corns. Abun ciki da wuraren da abin ya shafa ana lubricated tare da maganin shafawa bisa succulents ko ruwa tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Zaɓin mafi sauƙi shine haša takarda kuma gyara shi tare da bandeji.
- Cututtukan cututtukan fata. Tare da rashin lafiyan fitsari ko kuraje, furen yakan narke kuma yana sauƙaƙa itching.
- Ciwon sukari mellitus. Mutanen da ke da sha'awar wannan cuta ya kamata su ci ganye 2 a kowace rana.
- Cizon kwari. Lokacin da kaska, ƙananan gurɓo ko sauro, aonium ba wai kawai kawar da ƙaiƙayi da redness ba, har ila yau yana hana kamuwa da rauni.
Ba za ku iya amfani da magani na jama'a ba tare da tuntuɓar likita ba. Zai iya haifar da sakamako masu illa ko rashin lafiyar jiki. A cikin magungunan Turai da kwaskwarima, ba a yi nazarin tasirin warkewar shuka ba.
