Crassula shine babban rabo daga dangin Crassulaceae, wanda ya haɗa da nau'in 300-500 daga kafofin daban-daban. Wurin haifuwar wannan shuka shine Afirka, Madagascar. Ana iya samun sa a yankin ƙasashen larabawa. Yawancin iri iri suna ɗaukar asali cikin yanayin mahalli.
Bayanin Crassula
Wasu nau'ikan suna da ruwa ko ciyawa. Wasu kuma kamar bishiyoyi ne. Suna da fasalin gama gari: akan kara, ganyayyaki masu launin fata ne, an shirya su ta kan layi. Tafaran nan cikakke ne kuma masu sauki ne, an kwantar da su. Inflorescences ne apical ko aars, cystiform ko laima-paniculate. Furanni masu launin shuɗi, mulufi, farin-dusar fari, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, ruwan hoda. Yana da wuya blooms a cikin dakin daki.
Jinsunan Krassula
Waɗannan nau'ikan suna da mashahuri:
Kungiyar | Dubawa | Mai tushe / ganye / furanni |
Itace kamar | Ovata | Tsayi 60-100 cm. Lignified, tare da rassa da yawa. Smallaramin, shuɗi mai haske, a cikin nau'ikan taurari. |
Portulakova | Bambancin nau'ikan da suka gabata. Bambanci kawai: haske, tushen airy a kan kara, duhu akan lokaci. | |
Azurfa | Kama da Owata. Bambanci: fure mai haske da kuma sheki na silvery. | |
Orarami | Fleshy, kore, lignified akan lokaci. Smallarami, duhu mai duhu tare da ja mai firam, m. Karami, dusar ƙanƙara-fari. | |
Fuskar | Bambanci daga Ovata: ganye sun fi girma. Isarshen yana nuna, ɗaga, gefuna suna mai ƙasa ƙasa. | |
Tricolor da Solana (Oblikva hybrids) | Lignified, da yawa an rufe shi da rassa. Kamar yadda yake a cikin asalin halitta, amma Tricolor tare da layin dusar ƙanƙara a kan faranti sun shirya ba daidai ba, kuma Solana tare da rawaya. Smallaramin, baƙi. | |
Milk | Har zuwa 0.6 m. Manyan, tare da farin tsintsiya a kusa da kewaye. Snow-fari, tattara a lokacin farin ciki panicles. | |
Gollum da Hobbit (haɗar Ovata da Milky) | Har zuwa 1 m, yin saƙo mai yalwa. Hobbit ya juya waje, ya dunƙule daga ƙasa zuwa tsakiya. A Gollum an haɗa su cikin bututu, a ƙarshen an fadada su ta hanyar murfin ciki. Smallarami, mai haske. | |
Rana rana | Lignified. Green, tare da layin launin shuɗi ko fari, iyakar iyaka. Suna riƙe launinsu a cikin ingantaccen haske, wanda za'a iya ƙirƙira shi a cikin gidajen katako. Gida yana ɗaukar hoto mai tsabta kore. Farar fata, ruwan hoda, mai haske, mai haske, ja. | |
Itace kamar | Har zuwa 1.5 m. Rounded, m-launin toka tare da bakin ciki bakin iyaka, sau da yawa an rufe shi da dige masu duhu. Karami, dusar ƙanƙara-fari. | |
Murfin ƙasa | Iyo | Har zuwa cm 25 A kewayen tsakiyar kara ke tsiro da yawaita rarrafewa, rarar furanni tare da ƙarewa mai daɗi. Thin, tare da ƙarshen kaifi, ana ɗaure shi a cikin layuka 4. Gidaje, ƙarami, a cikin fararen taurari. |
Karya ne | Ba kamar yadda aka yi kallo na baya ba: mai tushe mai tushe, ƙarancin ganye da aka matse na variegated, azurfa, launi mai rawaya. | |
Tsarin Haraji | Suna da tushen launin ruwan kasa. Fleshy, awl-mai siffa. Whitish, unremarkable. | |
Haske | Maɗaukaki, saka alama sosai. Girma a matsayin ƙwayar ampel (a cikin rataye mai rataye). Green, a waje tare da launin ja, a ciki tare da lilac-Scarlet. M cilia suna nan tare da kwane-kwane. Smallarami, mai hoto mai siffa. | |
Zuriya | Kyakkyawan fure, yalwar iri, har zuwa 1 m. Tare da nuna ƙarshen hakora da hakora tare da kewaye. Yankuna na dabam sun bambanta. Fari ko m. | |
Wahalar (zagaye) | Grassy, sosai saka alama. Fleshy, koren haske, tare da kyakkyawan ƙarshen launin shuɗi. An tattara a cikin soket mai kama da furanni. Cikin gida, yakamata. | |
Spike-kamar | Punch | -An ƙarami, mai wuya, har zuwa 20 cm. Rhomboid, aka haɗu, aka shirya ta hanyar wucewa. Rhizome an yi gurnani, yana kama da ciyawa .. Koren haske mai launin shuɗi tare da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da iyakar iyaka. Karami, dusar ƙanƙara-fari. |
Kalamar | Mai tushe da furanni kamar yadda aka yi a jinsunan da suka gabata. Haske mai haske a tsakiyar ko a gefen. Yayinda suke girma kore. Fari, a saman harbe. | |
An Raba | Grassy, na bakin ciki, wanda aka saka sosai. Rounded, karami, lebur mai santsi. Bluish-kore, tare da cilia a gefuna. Snow-m, ƙaramin, tattara a cikin apical inflorescences. | |
Kogon dutse | Creeping ko kafa. M, lignified a kan lokaci. M, m, tsallake ko rhomboid. Haɗa haɗe ko sanya guguwa. An fara amfani da faranti masu launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da layin tsattsauran launi mai laushi a gefuna. Pink ko rawaya, tattara a cikin laima-dimbin yawa inflorescences. | |
Cooper | Har zuwa 15 cm. Brownish-kore, tare da launin ruwan kasa, an shirya cikin karkace. Isarshen yana nuna, tare da babban villus a tsakiyar. A gefunan akwai karancin cilia. Whitish ko ruwan hoda, ƙanana. | |
Gidan Buddha | Madaidaiciya, kusan ba saka alama ba. Haɗe, m, triangular. Endsarshen yana mai juyawa. Yayin da suke girma, suna samar da ginshiƙai huɗu na kwatankwacin siffar yau da kullun. Kusan fari, tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, bakararre. | |
Al'adar | Shuka mara kyau: asymmetrically, tare da kinks. Smallaramin, sikandire, launin rawaya-kore. Ba za a iya Dorawa ba. | |
Mai karɓa | Har zuwa cm 10. Kusan an ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ɓoyayyen ganye. Taqaitaccen, tetrahedral, lokacin farin ciki. Greenish-launin toka, tare da aibobi na azurfa. Smallarami, tattara a cikin inflorescences. | |
Kayan kwalliya | Ciwon mara | Madaidaiciya, dan ƙarami sosai, har zuwa 1 m. Juicy, fleshy, mai launin kore-kore, mai sheki. Red-ja, tattara a cikin manyan inflorescences, laima. |
Schmidt | Gashi mai ruwan hoda. Lanceolate, kunkuntar, tare da ƙarshen kaifi. Bangaren waje mai launin kore tare da sutura na azurfa, ciki yana da jan launi. Carmine inuwa. | |
Justy Corderoi | Ya yi daidai da matakin da ya gabata. Bambanci: faranti da aka shimfiɗa su zuwa kasan, gefuna ciliated. | |
Proneseleaf | Madaidaiciya, ɗan ƙaramin alama. Juice da fleshy, triangular ko lanceolate. A waje, an rufe shi da ɗigon ja, akwai hakora tare da kewaye. Snow-fari, mulufi. |
Kula da Crassula a gida
Shuka ba shi da ma'ana a cikin abun ciki, kayan aikin shi har ma ga masu farawa. Tun da kula da rosula a gida yana da sauki, ana yin ado da shi tare da gidaje, ofis.
Gaskiya | Lokacin bazara | Lokacin sanyi |
Wuri / Haske | Window yana kwance a gefen gabas da yamma. | |
Toauka zuwa farfajiya ko loggia, kare daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Cire daga masu zafi. | Irƙiri ƙarin hasken wuta ta amfani da fitolamps da na'urorin hasken rana (aƙalla awanni 10-12). | |
Zazzabi | +20… +25 ℃. | +14 ℃. |
Haushi | Don sanya ƙarƙashin shawa, rufe ƙasa da polyethylene. | Babu bukata. |
Watse | Matsakaici, bayan bushewa na saman ta hanyar 3-4 cm. | Da wuya, kawai lokacin da shuka ta bushe. |
Saitin ruwa, zazzabi dakin. | ||
Manyan miya | Kuna buƙatar sayan takin zamani na cacti da succulents. | |
Taimakawa sau ɗaya cikin makonni 4. | Lokaci 1 cikin watanni 3. |
Dasawa, ƙasa, pruning
Idan kun fara kirkirar misali na balagagge, za a sami dunkule a wurin yanka, wanda zai lalata ganuwar shuka. Sabili da haka, pruning wajibi ne lokacin da daji har yanzu saurayi, game da 15 cm high:
- A saman, tsunkule sauran ƙananan 2 ganye.
- A wannan wuri, 4 za su yi girma a maimakon.
- A cikin Crassula da ke girma, kuna buƙatar kullun sabulan faranti a wuraren waɗancan wuraren da kuke buƙatar yin kambi yayi kauri.
Abinda yakamata ya dasa ya ƙunshi abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 3: 1: 1:
- tukunyar ƙasa
- humus;
- Turf;
- tsakuwa
- yashi.
Hakanan zaka iya samun madaidaiciyar ƙasa wadda ta shirya don juji da cacti.
An yi aikin dasawa tare da haɓakar haɓakar tushen tsarin, lokacin da gabaɗaya ya rufe ƙasan dunƙule. Wannan yana faruwa kamar kowace shekara 2-3. Lokaci mafi dacewa shine bazara.
Ana buƙatar zaɓi tukunya kaɗan fiye da na baya. Wide, amma ba m, in ba haka ba Tushen za su sauka, bangare m zai fara girma da ƙarfi: kara za ta zama na bakin ciki da rauni. Dasawa kamar wannan:
- Sanya shimfidar da aka fadada daga dutsen.
- Ta hanyar natsuwa, matsar da daji tare da dunƙule mai.
- Cika sararin samaniya kyauta da sabulun sabo.
- Tare da haɓaka mai ƙarfi daga tushen sa a tsawon, datsa su.
Don yin ƙananan shuka, ba a buƙatar watsa shi. Ya isa ya canza saman shekara a shekara.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Zaka iya amfani da:
- tsaba;
- yanke;
- ganye.
Hanyar ciyayi na yaduwa ita ce mafi sauki kuma tana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako. Mataki-mataki na Actions:
- Yada tsaba a ko'ina bisa farfajiya na kasar gona (kasar gona da yashi 1: 2) a cikin akwati mai fadi, yayyafa da yashi.
- Rufe tare da gilashi don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse.
- Cire tsari yau da kullun don samun iska, cire sandaro daga bango, sanyaya ƙasa daga bindigar feshi.
- Bayan harbe harbe, dasa su a nesa na 1 cm daga juna. Ajiye a cikin ɗaki mai dumi, mai cike da hasken wuta.
- Lokacin da farkon cikakkun ganye girma, nutse harbe cikin kwantena daban da sod-sandy ƙasa (1: 2).
- Rike zazzabi na + 15 ... +18 ℃ har sai an kafe sosai.
- Canza zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Yankasa ta hanyar yanka mataki mataki-mataki:
- Yanke wani babban harbi, bi da yankin da ya lalace da gawayi.
- Ya kamata a sanya kayan dasa a cikin mai haɓaka mai haɓaka (alal misali, a cikin Kornevin) na kwanaki 1-2.
- Shuka a cikin ƙasa maras fa'ida.
- Bayan tushen ya bayyana, matsa zuwa kwantena daban (5-8 cm kewayen).
- Don kulawa, kazalika da na daji daji.
Kiwo tare da ganye:
- Yanke kayan dasa, bushe iska na kwanaki 2-3.
- Zurfafa cikin substrate tsaye.
- Fesa kasar gona a kai a kai kafin a dasa.
- Bayan farkon girma, dasawa cikin tukwane daban.
Kuskuren cikin kula da rosula, cututtuka da kwari
Idan shuka ba ya haifar da yanayin da ake buƙata na tsarewa, zai ji rauni, kwari zasu fara cinye shi.
Bayyanuwa | Dalilai | Matakan magancewa |
Ganyen ya zama kodadde ya fadi. |
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Kara ya yi tsayi da yawa | Wuce ruwa a zazzabi mai ƙarancin iska ko rashin haske. | Idan wannan ya faru a lokacin bazara:
Lokacin da matsalar take cikin hunturu:
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Sassan launin fata akan kore. | Damage lalata ƙwayar cuta. |
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Saurin ci gaba. |
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Lalata da tushe. | Yawan wuce gona da iri. |
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Yellowness a cikin ganyayyaki. | Rashin hasken wuta. | Bayar da hasken yanayi na tsawon awanni 10-12. |
Taushi kwano. | Wetarfafa wetting na substrate. | Bushe da earthen dakin. Idan wannan kasa, juya daji:
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Duhun duhu. |
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Fari dige. | Wuce hadadden danshi. |
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Ja na greenery. |
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Wuraren azurfa, idan ba a samar da iri iri ba. | Crassula ya sha wahala kuma ya fara murmurewa. | Babu bukatar yin komai, daji zai dawo da kansa. |
Puppyering ganye. | Bayarfi mai ƙarfi bayan bushewa na substrate. | Wannan yana da cutarwa sosai. A mafi yawan lokuta, inji ya mutu. |
Wuraren launin ruwan kasa. | Rashin ruwa. | Ruwa kamar yadda topsoil ya bushe. |
Bushewa waje. |
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Rawaya mai launin shuɗi, launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi da tubercles. | Garkuwa. |
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Webataccen yanar gizo akan ganye, launin toka ko ja mai ɗorewa a cikin motsi kullun, launin rawaya da ruwan kasa ana iya ganin su. | Spider mite. |
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Farar fata, mai kama da ulu auduga a kan tushen da sinuses na ganye. | Mealybug. |
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Ana iya ganin kwari a Tushen. | Tushen Macijin. |
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Motsi. |
| Canza zuwa cikin sabuwar ƙasa, share tushen tsohuwar ƙasa. |
Bayyanun fararen tabo a saman ɓangaren ganyayyaki, sannu a hankali suna ƙaruwa, suna kan gaba zuwa ɓangaren sassan iska. | Powdery mildew, saboda:
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Bayyanar launin toka ko baki. Sannu a hankali, haɗin su yana faruwa, kuma fim ɗin soot yana rufe faranti. Ruwan ganye ya faɗi, ciyawar ja ta daina girma. | Waya. Abubuwa masu ba da hankali:
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Abubuwan launin ruwan kasa wanda akan shafi farin ruwa wanda yake bayyana akan lokaci. | Grey rot saboda:
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Rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu a tsakiya da firam mai launin toka, yana wucewa zuwa duka ɓangarorin m. Shrub ya daina yin girma. Gashi mai tushe suna jujjuyawa, suna fatattaka. | Anthracnose, sakamakon yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa, iska. | Gudanarwa ta Previkur, Skor, Fundazol. |
Rage tushen tsarin da akwati. | Tushen da tushe kara:
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Idan karar itace take yi, to kuwa furanni ba zai sami ceto ba. |
Alamu game da Crassula da kayan amfanin ta
Har ila yau, Crassula yana da wani suna, "itacen kuɗi". Akwai alamar cewa tana kawo wadatar kuɗi. Amma wannan ingancin yana da tsire-tsire masu kyau, ingantacciyar shuka. Mai haƙuri, akasin haka, yana haifar da asarar kuɗi.
Crassula yana tsaftace iska daga abubuwa masu cutarwa, suna wadatar da shi da iskar oxygen. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin maganin gargajiya, saboda yana taimaka wa cututtuka da yawa:
Cutar | Recipe |
Cutar mahaifa. | Niƙa 2 tbsp. l ganye da kuma zuba 1 lita, daga ruwan zãfi. 1auki 1 tbsp. l kafin cin abinci. |
Cutar ciki da duodenal miki. | Chew 1 takardar a kowace rana. |
Neuralgia, varicose veins, ciwon tsoka. | Zuba 2 tbsp. l 200 ml na vodka. Don nace daren. Rub cikin m aibobi. |
Yanke, hematomas, amosanin gabbai, gout, osteochondrosis. | Tsallake cikin nama grinder.Compress daga gruel. |
Masara. | Saka ɓangaren litattafan almara a yankin da abin ya shafa. |
Ciwon ciki. | Haɗa ruwan ruwan 'ya'yan itacen da man zaitun ko jelly (1 zuwa 1). A cikin samfurin, sa mai yatsan auduga kuma shafa wa basur. |
Ciwon makoji | Tafarnuwa tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace diluted da ruwa (1 zuwa 2). |
Duk hanyar da ba na al'ada ba ta magani an riga an yarda da ita tare da likita.