Astilba: saukarwa da kulawa

Astilba shine dabarun shuka na dangin Saxifrage. Cwarewar jinsunan, wanda ya ƙunshi in ban da haske daga ganyen, yayi aiki a matsayin tushen sunan.

Tana da tsari mara kyau - "astilbe", kuma ba karkata ba - "astilbe" ta mace ko ta jinsi na tsakiya, gwargwadon tushen.

Bayanin Al'adu

Astilba asalinsu daga kasar Japan, ana wakilta su da nau'ikan inflorescences na dimbin yawa na inuwa daban-daban. Ita daji an kafa ta manyan duhu kore ganye. Ya girma zuwa mita 2 kuma yana da kusan 400 da nau'ikan 40. Akwai akwatin iri. Yana fure a cikin bazara watanni, kuma a cikin sanyi, duk sashin da ke saman farfaɗar ya mutu, yayin da tushen yake kwance lafiya. Akwai samfurori tare da tushen mai taushi da taushi. An kafa su ne a tsakiyar rhizome, daga abin da akwai matakai da yawa. A lokaci mai tsawo, aiwatar da mutuwa daga ƙananan, yayin da sababbi suke bayyana a saman.

Iri irin Astilba

12 nau'ikan tsire-tsire na herbaceous suna yaduwa, wanda kusan nau'ikan 200 aka lalata.

Shuka da hanyoyin kulawa

Abubuwan da ake buƙata na lambu sun bambanta, kuma tare da su hanyoyin dasa abubuwa sun bambanta. Don haka, alal misali, tsaba suna ƙunshe da lambobi masu yawa, amma yana ba ku damar samo sabbin iri, sauran zaɓuɓɓuka suna da sauƙin aiwatarwa da kuma ba da garantin haɓaka, amma ya haɗa da yaduwa kawai. Koyaya, a kowane hali, shuka ba mai fara'a bane kuma kawai ma'aunin mahimman abubuwan biyu zasu sami babban tasiri kan haɓakar sa.

Yaduwa na Rhizome

Wannan shine mafi kyawun zaɓi game da kiwo, ana amfani dashi fiye da sauran:

1. An cire daji daga ƙasa, yana tozarta shi, yayin da yake ɗaukar 15-20 cm na maɓallin a cikin da'irar.
2. Daga nan sai a ja waje a girgiza har sai an bayyana tushen sosai.
3. Daga nan sai suka yanke wani tsiro tare da guntun tsami domin ya kasance yana da ƙananan kodan 4.
4. An cire rhizome mai bushe
5. Tsakanin tsararren shuka ya lura da nisa na 30 cm.

Bayan watanni shida, shuka zai yi fure.

Tsarin shuka

Hanyar ta dace da kiwo sababbi kuma yana ba ku damar shuka nau'ikan da aka riga aka sani. Shuka yana farawa a farkon Maris tare da shiri na musanya ƙasa ta musamman. Don yin wannan, peat da yashi sun haɗu a daidai adadin kuma an shimfiɗa su a cikin akwati mai zurfi. Gashi da cakuda tare da ɗan dusar ƙanƙara kaɗan kuma rarraba tsaba da aka girbe a farfajiya. Harkar tasa za ta kasance tare da daskararren ƙasa, jikewa tare da microelements kuma iri ɗin zai taɓo cikin jiki.

Kuma bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke gaba ɗaya - suna nannade akwati a cikin jaka kuma su bar shi a cikin firiji don makonni da yawa. Ba a isa samun zuriya har sai seedlings sun bayyana. Bayan sun tsaftace seedlings a cikin dumi (+ 18 ... +22 ° С), wuri mai kyau har sai ganye 3 suka bayyana, kuma bayan wannan an zaunar da su dabam. Ana gudanar da ruwa tare da sirinji a ƙarƙashin tushen. In ba haka ba, akwai haɗarin lalacewa.

Yaron koda

Hanyar tana ba da sakamako mafi sauri. Hanyar ta fara ne daga baya bayan Afrilu, tare da zuwan sababbin matakai. Ana yanke kodan, ana ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin rhizome, sannan yanka ta kasance da gurɓataccen kwal. To, sa peat tare da tsakuwa a cikin rabo na 3: 1. Don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore, an rufe ganga da polyethylene. An riga an dasa ƙasa a farkon Satumbar, tun da farko suna jira har sai astilba ta sami ƙarfi.

Dokokin saukarwa

Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka don faduwa a ƙarshen bazara - farkon bazara. Ba a dasa fure ba daga gefen kudu, haka kuma, suna zaɓar wuri a inuwa. In ba haka ba, iri-iri za su daidaita da yawan haske, amma ba da jimawa ba za su daina fure. Kasancewar tafki na wucin gadi na kusa zai kasance ƙari. A kasar gona ya dace loamy, tare da babban abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin kasa. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine acidity na ƙasa, yana shafar haihuwa kai tsaye. Matsakaici pH na tsaka tsaki na 7 ana ɗauka duk mafi girma ne - alkaline, kuma kusa da 5 - acidic. Don shuka, an zaɓi ɗan alamar acidic (5.5-6.5 pH). Shirye-shiryen rukunin yanar gizon ya ƙunshi digging da takin. Wurin yana da kyau a sako, kuma bayan wannan an hadu da ƙasa tare da taki. Buhu biyu a kowace murabba'i zai isa. Dasa ramuka an tono har zuwa 30 cm zurfin, ana zuba su cikin kowane karamin itace ash da takin ma'adinai. Kafin dasawa, rufe ramin tare da dunƙule na duniya, yana hana Tushen ƙonewa. A cikin ramuka suna shayar da ruwa sosai. Bayan dasa, an rufe ƙasa da peat.

Bayan kula da sauka

A tsawon lokaci, rhizome ya mutu daga ƙasa, yana girma. A sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire ya rasa tushen abincinsa, kuma yana da daidai saboda wannan cewa masu kula da lambu suna da alhakin musamman game da tsarin tsaunin, yayin da suke lura da yawan ban ruwa.

Watse

A lokacin da inflorescences tsari ko bushe kwanaki zo, shi wajibi ne don gudanar da yalwataccen watering sau biyu a rana.

Kulawar da ta dace ta ba da tabbacin tsawon rai ga shuka (kimanin shekaru 20) koda ba tare da canza maƙarƙashiyar ba. Koyaya, kowane shekaru 5-7, ana bada shawarar dasawa zuwa shuka.

Taki

A cikin bazara tambaya:

• Saltpeter;
• Urea
• Taki;
• Lita.

A lokacin rani, tsire-tsire masu fure suna ciyar da potash. A cikin watanni na kaka, bayan fure - phosphoric (20 g na superphosphate da daji). Kafin amfani da takin zamani da aka saya, ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa kayi nazarin umarnin, tunda abubuwan da aka tattara da abubuwan tattarawa sun bambanta tsakanin kamfanonin masana'antu.

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

Don cin nasarar hunturu ta astilbe, an yanke harbe zuwa matakin daya tare da ƙasa. Sanya murfin tare da karamin ciyawa na ciyawa. Ana buƙatar wannan aikin don dasa bushes kwanan nan ta hanyar hanyar rarraba rhizome. Itatuwa na sake farfadowa yayin da aka rarrabu, kodayake a nan gaba tushen zai iya taurara sosai har kusan zai zama da wuya a yi hakan.

Cutar da kwari

A tsakiyar layi wata ƙaramar nau'ikan kwari ne da za su iya cutar da al'ada (3 a duka). Sauran kwaro ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙasar astilbe. Don hana bayyanar baƙi da ba'aso, sukan rabu da ciyayi cikin lokaci kuma basa yin amfanin gona mai nauyi. Idan ba zai yiwu a iya guje wa kwari ba, to sai a ɗauki matakan gaggawa don kawar da su.

Kwallan zai sanya larvae a cikin sinus din ganye, kuma ba da daɗewa ba kumfa mai bayyana ya bayyana a wurin. Ganyayyaki sun lalace daga wannan kuma suka zama tabo, sannan daji da kansa ya bushe. Don magance pennies, ana amfani da hanyoyin jama'a da magunguna.

Za a yayyafa ƙwanƙwasa tare da toka na itace, don haka lalata larvae a ciki, ko kuma zuwa makaranci irin su karofos ko actara.

Strawberry nematode yana haifar da lalacewar kusan dukkanin sassan shuka - fure, ganye da furanni. Bayan haka, sukan kankantar da kansu kuma suka samu tabarma mara nauyi, yayin ci gaban dajin yayi matukar raguwa.

Girma a farfajiya na tushen ana ɗauka alama ce ta kasancewar ƙoshin ƙwayar cuta, shi yana cikin waɗannan abubuwan da kwaro ke rayuwa, koda da ƙananan girma. A karo na biyu a cikin girma na tsiro, za a iya ganin tsinke nematode. Da farko sun sassauta ci gaban dajin, kuma bayan wani lokaci sai suka kai ga mutuwarta. A matsayin ma'auni na hanawa, suna ƙoƙarin bincika shuka mafi sau da yawa, tare da alamun cutar - suna lalata perennial. Ana yin weeding na lokaci, musamman a farkon lokacin girma. Fitoverm ke sarrafa shi.

Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: yin amfani da astilbe a cikin tsarin lambun

Shuka zai iya tsayawa shi kaɗaici kuma ya ja hankali daga janazar gabaɗaya, ko kuma ƙara wani sashi na wasu kayan haɗin.

Astilbe galibi ana yin ado da bishiyoyi da shukoki, suna sanya perennials a inuwarsu. Zai yi kyau kyakkyawa da dabi'a kusa da tafki na wucin gadi a gonar. Ya yi kyau tare da kore runduna da kuma samar da wani na ado shigarwa tare da su. Gaskiya ne saboda haɓakarta - an tura ɗan gajeren wakilai a gaba, yayin da nau'ikan mita biyu da nau'ikan suna da girma a bango. Sau da yawa hidima a matsayin kore shinge. Ya dace da kan iyakokin kayan ado, ana kuma sanya shi a cikin tukunya ko a yi masa ado da lawn. Wasu nau'ikan sun dace da gadajen fure.

Astilba da kyau cika ferns, geraniums. Akwai wasu plantsan tsire-tsire da yawa waɗanda astilba takamaitai tare suke zaune kuma suna da kyau.