Aquilegia - herbaceous perennial, dangi - Ranunculaceae. Mahalli yankuna ne na Arewa kawai.
Bayanin da fasali
An bayyana nau'ikan nau'ikan 60 zuwa 120, 35 daga cikinsu suna cikin horarwa, wato, matasan da aka kirkiro iri, azaman tsire-tsire a cikin yanayin lambun, a matsayin mai mulkin, kar a ɗauka.
Ana iya fassara sunan da aka fassara daga Latin ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Mai tattara ruwa - kama (rus.).
- Mai alaƙa da kalmar "mikiya". A wasu yankuna ana samun sunan "gaggafa".
Dankin yana ɗaya daga cikin thatan da ke da tasirin "tasirin lotus" - ikon da ba za a shayar da shi da ruwa ba. Danshi, fadowa akan saman takardar, curls cikin saukad da tattarawa tare da gefuna ko tsakiyar.
Wannan dukiya da aka baiwa da lotus, Reed, nasturtium da sauran su. Fuka-fukai na Lepidoptera da yawa - an shirya barkatai ta hanyar irin wannan ka'ida.
Ganye da harbe a cikin zagayowar shekara guda suna wuce matakai biyu na ciyayi. A matakin farko, a gindin furen, a karshen fure, ana kafa daji mai ganye a cikin kusancin asalin Tushen.
A cikin hunturu, sun kasance kore kuma suna mutuwa kawai a bazara, maimakon su, sabbin ganyen Ternate ganye da aka kirkira sun haɗu a kan ɗakunan ƙwayoyin dabbobi sannan kuma manyan fuloji.
Furannin ruwan fure suna kangewa ne, suna zaune guda daya, kuma furannin gida ne guda biyar masu dauke da sikeli, tsayin su ya sha bamban ga jinsuna daban. Kasancewar kasancewar su ko rashi ne wanda ke aiki a matsayin babban bambanci a cikin bambancin nau'ikan aquilegia - a girma, tsayi, lanƙwasa.
Launuka na buds na iya zama daban: shuɗi, rawaya, ja. Akwai nau'ikan launi biyu da nau'in terry a cikin yanayi. Yawo da nau'ikan yanayi suna da bambanci sosai.
Itace zuma. Tsaba karami ne, mai haske, duhu, mai guba.
Samfuran ruwa shine shuka wanda ake amfani dashi kawai a cikin nau'ikan tsari a ƙirar ƙasa. Ba a girma nau'in daji a cikin lambuna. Bushes na Aquilegia sune ado na tsawon shekaru 5. Sannan suna buƙatar maye gurbinsu da sababbi.
Aquilegia furanni daga wani kusurwa yayi kama da orchids. Ga nau'i mai kama da sifar fure, ana kwatanta su da siket na elves.
Kwanan nan, kwastomar ta sami shahara sosai. Tana qawata shimfidar wuraren shakatawa da lambuna, musamman inda akwai tafkuna na ado.
Iri Aquilegia
| Dubawa | Asali | Bayanin | Furanni | Lokacin tashi |
| Alpine | Turai | Jirgin ya zama baƙaƙe 30-40cm, m a saman. Ganyen an watse, karami. | Haske mai haske, daga 1 zuwa 5 a inflorescence. | Yuli-Agusta |
| Glandular | 15-60 cm tare da madaidaiciya kara, pubescent a cikin ɓangaren babba. | Alluka mai launin masara, da wuya yazama ko launin rawaya, har zuwa guda 3 akan farfajiyar. | Yuni - tsakiyar watan Agusta | |
| Na kowa | Kara an branched, tsawo 30-70cm. Ganyayyaki a saman masu launin kore, a ƙasa akwai launin toka. Itace mai guba. | Inuwa mai shuɗi, shuɗi, ja da ruwan hoda. Lokaci-lokaci fararen fata. | Yuni-Yuli | |
| Gasar Olympics | Ana sutturar itace mai ƙarfi a saman. Ganye suna da elliptical, azir a baya. | Na biyu rabin Mayu - farkon Yuni | ||
| Duhu | Dajin yana da tsayi cm 30-80. Ganyen suna da launin toka. | Dark purple. Tare da takaitaccen kakar. Kayan ado. | Ofarshen Mayu - farkon watan Yuni. | |
| Mai bakin ciki | Ba’amurke | An dasa tushe mai tushe a saman, yada. Dajin ya kai 50 cm faɗin, har zuwa 70 cm tsayi. Ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi-kore, babba - 6 cm. | Semi-biyu, daga fari zuwa shuɗi da launuka na lilac. Manyan. | Kwanaki 25-30 na iya |
| Harshen Kanada | Dark dissected serrated ganye, launin ruwan kasa stalk. Yana son inuwa da rigar wurare. | Babban, tare da manyan lokacin farin ciki. Carmine ja. Babban shine lemun tsami. | Yuni | |
| Zinare | Plantarfi mai ƙarfi. Yana da wuya a latitude dinmu. Fari da jure hunturu. | Babban, kafa, zinare. | Yuni-Yuli | |
| Skinner | Jirgin itace madaidaiciya, a cikin daji, har zuwa mita ɗaya. Ganyen suna kanana kan gajerun petioles, pubescent a kasa. | Fentin launuka daban-daban a lokaci guda - Scarlet, rawaya da kore. | Flow yana wuce kwanaki 25-50. | |
| Fan-dimbin yawa | Jafananci | Tall plant, ganyayen ganye a dogo mai tsawo. | Tana da kyakkyawan canji mai kyau cikin launi daga shuɗi mai zurfi, ta cikin shuɗi mai haske zuwa fari. | Shekaru na biyu na Mayu. |
| Damuwa | Ya zo ne ta hanyar tsallake jinsunan Turai da Amurka. | Height daga mita 0.5 zuwa 1. | Furanni masu girma, wasu lokuta ba tare da spurs kwata-kwata. Launuka sune mafi bambancin launuka. | Ya danganta da iri-iri. |
Girma aquilegia daga tsaba
A cikin fall, bayan ripening, ana iya dasa tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna haifuwa da kyau ta hanyar shuka-kai. Matasa harbe yawanci sako fita. Amma idan ya cancanta, ana iya barin su don shuka don dasa bishiyoyi maimakon wanda aka rabu da shi da kuma girke-girke na bushes.
Lokacin da aka girma daga tsaba, aquilegia zai yi fure a shekara ta biyu. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa bayan shekara guda tsaba sun rasa germination.
Saukowa Aquilegia
An ba shi izinin shuka iri a bazara. Dasa kayan da aka tattara ba a farkon juji na ƙarshe ba dole ne a riga kafin daskararre - madaidaici akan titi a cikin dusar ƙanƙara ko a gida a cikin firiji.
Aquilegia an shuka shi cikin filayen fili a cikin ƙasa wanda aka riga aka shirya. Ga cakuda kai daidai adadin ruwan yashi, rotted humus da lambun gona. Isasa ta jike kuma ta yi rauni kaɗan. Yayyafa tsaba a ko'ina kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma ku rufe da bakin ciki (3mm) na duniya.
An rufe babban dasa tare da masana'anta ta halitta mai yalwa ko takarda labarai kuma an tsabtace ta a cikin wurin sanyi (+ 16 ... +18 0C)
Abubuwan fashewa za su kyankyasar har na tsawon makonni 2-3. A mataki na "2 cikakken ganye" seedlings nutse.
Wani lokaci zuwa ƙasa
Don girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a watan Yuni. Aquilegia tana ba da kanta sosai ga haɓaka daga tsaba, kuma zaku iya zaɓar lokacin da ya dace don mai girbi ya shuka. Kafin hunturu, suna shuka a watan Oktoba, kuma ana shuka shuka a watan Afrilu.
Yadda ake shuka
Mafi kyawun wurin don aquilegia shine inuwa bangare. Ganga yana girma sosai akan matsakaici mai laushi, sako-sako, soasa mai m. A 1m2 suna da tsire-tsire 10-12.
Hakanan yana wanzuwa a cikin shudin fure mai zafi, kawai tsawon lokacin fure na kamawa da adadin kuzarin zai ragu.
Kulawar Aquilegia
Aquilegia ba a fassara shi ba a cikin dasa, girma da kulawa. Watering, weeding, loosening kasar gona, kuna buƙatar ciyar da kullun, ba tare da wata wahala ba.
Yana yarda da fari fari da kuma sanyi gama gari don yanayin damina.
An sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar ingantaccen haɓaka kuma tsarin zurfin tsarin kama ruwa.
Ciyar da Aquilegia
Ana ciyar da Aquilegia sau biyu a shekara. A lokaci guda, tana buƙatar takin mai ma'adinai: superphosphate, nitrate, potassium gishiri (50, 25, 15 g) da kuma shayarwa tare da rauni na jiko na mullein ko droppings tsuntsu.
Aquilegia bayan fure
Bayan fure, aquilegia ya rasa ƙimar kayan ado. Don adana mahimmancin sabon tafiya, an yanke sassan ƙasa. Idan ana buƙatar tsaba, mai tushe tare da 'ya'yan itace masu ganyayyaki masu yawa ana barin su haɗu.
Yana da mahimmanci a yanke bishiyoyi beforean itacen kafin a buɗe rumbu kuma a lokaci-lokaci su zubar da abin da ke cikin su.
Cin nasara
Dankin yana da sanyi mai tsaurin sanyi kuma mai tsananin kyau ko da a yanayin arewacin taiga. Ba a buƙatar tsari na musamman don hunturu ba. Banda na tsohuwar bushes mai shekaru 4-5.
An cire su ko an maye gurbinsu da yara, ko kuma saboda wasu dalilai ana buƙatar adana samfurin, an rufe shi da wani yanki na humus, wanda zai taimaka kiyaye tushen daga sanyi.
Gangaren ya dace da distillation. Zai yi fure a gida riga a cikin watan Afrilu, idan kun tono sama rhizomes a cikin fall, dasa shi a cikin manyan, tsayi fure tukwane da kuma sanya shi a cikin sanyi, unheated daki na hunturu har zuwa ƙarshen Janairu.
Misali, a cikin gida, gareji, kabad ko baranda. Daga nan sai a samu a cikin wurin da hasken da yake a zazzabi na + 12 ... +16 0C. Sill taga yana da kyau don waɗannan dalilai.
Aquilegia haifuwa
Propagated da tsaba, cuttings da kuma rarraba daji.
Don rani iri-iri a farkon bazara harbe, yayin da ganye ba tukuna cikakken fure. Hannun yakamata ya sami akalla internode wanda daga cikinsu sabon harbe zai fito.
Tushen a cikin saba hanya. Isasa aka zaɓi sako-sako, an ƙara ɗumbin kogin da aka wanke a ciki. An yanyanka gwanayen a cikin Kornevin, a sanya a cikin kwalaye a ƙarƙashin fim, ko kowane an rufe shi da kwalban filastik da aka yanke. Watara da iska suna matsakaici.
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka yi tushe, ana shuka su a cikin dindindin. Abubuwan haɓaka low-girma a nesa na 25 cm, babba - 40 cm.
Ta hanyar rarrabawa ganimar ana yaduwa ne kawai lokacin da ya zama dole kuma a tsanake. Misali, lokacin da kake buƙatar shuka da sauri ko ɗauka zuwa wani yanki mai saɓani mai saurin faruwa.
Tushen zurfin tsohuwar daji yana da matukar wuya a rarrabe ba tare da lalacewa ba. Don wannan, an haye daji gaba ɗaya, Tushen an wanke sosai, an basu damar bushe kadan, kusan an cire duk ganye da mai tushe, barin maki ci gaban 2-3 na kowane rabo kiyasta. Yanke tushen tare da wuka mai kaifi ba tare da lalata budsan ganye da asalinsu ba.
Wurin da aka yanke an yayyafa shi da gawayi an dasa shi cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya da ruwa, suna baza Tushen. "Swing" da mashin zai kasance lokaci mai tsawo.
Cutar da kwari
| Cutar / kwaro | Kwayar cuta | Matakan magancewa |
| Powdery mildew | Farar fata, mai laushi ko launin ruwan kasa a cikin ganyayyaki, duhu da mutuƙar ƙasa. | An cire sassan da ke kamuwa da cuta, an yayyafa shi da maganin sabulu mai wanki da sulusin sulke ko tare da ƙwayoyin antifungal masu ɗauke da ƙwayar sulfur. |
| Tsatsa | ||
| Grey rot | ||
| Aphids | Insectsanan ƙananan kwari na launin kore, mai rufi mai laushi. | Ana kula da busheshen tare da Actellik, Karbofos, manna yarrow. Amfani da kiyayewa bisa ga umarnin. |
| Spider mite | Gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, kwari a cikin ganyayyaki. |
