Ixia: hoto, saukowa da kulawa

Ixia shine asalin herbaceous tsiro na asalin Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ya hada da kusan nau'ikan 60. Sunanta, wanda aka fassara daga zahiri daga helenanci a matsayin “manunin tsuntsu,” saboda tsananin ruwan ruwan, wanda yake iya riƙe kwari da ƙananan tsuntsaye. Saboda halayenta na waje, an girma fure kamar fure mai ado tun tsakiyar karni na 18. A halin yanzu, yawancin wakilan ixia sun kasance matasan, yayin da jinsin mutane ke da wuya.

Bayanin fure Ixia

Samun perenni na dangin Iris suna iya isa zuwa 0.6 m. Inflorescences kama spikelet a cikin siffarsu an ƙirƙira su ta hanyar kananan furanni waɗanda ke haifar da ƙanshin halayyar. A kan karami mai tushe na bakin ciki ganye girma.

Sampleaya daga cikin samfurin yana da kamannin waje don ƙwanƙwasa-kararrawa, duk da haka, an haɗa shi da petals 6. Gumbi yana wakilta ta babban palette na tabarau. Infaya daga cikin inflorescence na iya haɗawa da launin rawaya, fari da jan launi.

Ixia ta fara yin sanyi a tsakiyar bazara, kuma tana gamawa sai bayan wata guda. Kuna iya ganin shuka a buɗe kawai a cikin yanayin rana, saboda a cikin yanayin girgije, haka kuma da dare, yana rufewa.

Iri da nau'ikan ixia

Shuka nau'ikan iri daban-daban a shafin zai ba da kwatankwacin haske da haske ga kowane lambu, amma zaka iya iyakance kanka ga amfani da jinsin guda.

M

An yaba masa saboda kyawawan halayensa, musamman don kayan masarufin sa na musamman. Kara yana girma zuwa 0.7 m ba ga tsawo, kuma an yi wa samansa ado da furanni masu ƙanshi - wurin da aka fi so don malam buɗe ido a lokacin rani.

Ganyen Magarya

Bayyanar perennial sananne ne ga siffar furanninta - ƙanana ne, lebur, a fasalin kama tauraro. Fasalin, wanda tabarau masu duhu suka wakilta, ya tsaya a kan sauran ragowar koren fure da furannin turquoise.

Damuwa

Girman kara yana bambanta sosai dangane da iri-iri.

Tsarin launi na inflorescences yana rufe inuwa da yawa - shuɗi, rawaya da ja.

Spotted (Maculata)

Dabbobin da suka sami mafi girman rarraba suna girma zuwa 0,5 m ba ga tsayi. Tsarinsa na zamani ya bambanta sosai da launi na furanni. Furen yana da ikon rufewa da yamma. Spike inflorescences na iya isa sashin giciye na 0.4 cm.

Panicle

Abubuwa da ƙananan dabbobi suna wakiltar sautin launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu yawa.

Orange

Dwarf nau'in (ba fiye da 20 cm ba). Al'adu mara ma'ana na iya haɓaka lafiya, koda kuwa kun hana shi kulawa, ƙarƙashin ruwan sama na yau da kullun. M iri-iri-saurin-sauri yana iya kawar da hatsi. Don dalilai na ado ana amfani da shi don yin kwalliyar tsaunuka. Fasalin launi mai duhu ya bambanta da filayen ruwan lemo mai cike da furanni.

Monadelph

Sanannen abu ne don yanayin elongated na ganyen cirrus, ya kai tsawon cm 20. An kirkiro inflorescences daga furannin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi 10. Babban fure mai launin shuɗi yana lullube ta hanyar manyan filayen zinare masu haske. Fitar ruwa yana sane da ƙawa ta musamman, a lokacin da shi kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Akwai inflorescences na ruwan hoda, ja da sauran launuka masu yawa.

Haɗa

Ya hada da mafi girma bambancin launi tsakanin sauran nau'in halittu. Fure mai lush yana da sauri kuma yawanci yakan ƙare bayan makonni 3. Ixia mai launuka masu yawa ba ya girma sama da m 0.5 ba ga tsayi.

Ixia dasa a bude take

Ainihin yanayin don nasarar narkar da ixia shine madaidaiciyar wuri da takin ƙasa mai dacewa a kan shafin, tunda inji shi ne dasa shuki da kulawa bazai kawo matsala mai yawa ga mai shi ba.

Wuri

Wajibi ne a samar da shuka tare da budewa, mai cike da wuta, ana kiyaye shi daga iska mai ƙarfi da iska, wanda zai iya karya ko lanƙwasa tushe a cikin tsayi iri. Wani inuwa ko m inuwa ba a son shi don ixia, in ba haka ba ba kawai ƙawarar furensa ba, har ma da ƙimar farkon ci gaba na iya rikicewa.

Abun cikin ƙasa, taki

Abubuwan da ake buƙata a ƙasa:

• Haihuwa
• Kasancewar magudanar ruwa (ana iya yinsa ta amfani da tubali mai fashewa, yumbu mai kauri ko dutsen da aka rushe).

A Hauwa na dasa, saman miya bada shawarar, wanda rotted taki cikakke ne. Ya kamata a gurɓata ƙasa da Clay tare da yashi kogin a kan guga 1 a 1 m2. Yana da kyawawa cewa taki ya ƙunshi superphosphate, magnesium da ash ash a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 10.

Corms dasa lokaci

A cikin yankuna masu ɗumi, yana halatta a shuka ixia a cikin bazara da kaka, duk da haka, irin wannan saukowa na buƙatar ƙarin matakan dumama, misali, ta ƙara zurfin ramin ta santimita da yawa. A wasu yankuna, ya fi dacewa a shuka a ƙarshen bazara.

Tsarin ƙasa

A gaban Hauwa na dasa shuki, watau, makonni 2-3 kafin sanya wuri a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ya zama dole a fara hanyoyin "farkawa" da shuka. Lokaci mafi dacewa don hanya shine tsakiyar bazara, saboda thermophilicity na ixia (yawan zafin jiki na iska kada ya faɗi ƙasa +8 ° C).

Tuni ƙanƙan da ya kamata ya zama ya riga ya rigaya ya ɓarke ​​- soaking a cikin wani rauni mai karfi bayani na manganese. Tsawon lokacin aikin bai wuce minti 20 ba, kuma bayan sa, ya kamata a wanke kayan. Soaking wani shiri ne na kariya wanda ke hana ci gaban cututtukan fungal. Sannan zaku iya fara aiwatar da tsirar, wanda aka za'ayi kamar haka:

1. Wajibi ne a shirya akwati mai fili mai zurfi wanda aka yi da itace kuma a cika shi da yashi ko ɗanɗano. Kauri shawarar da aka ba da shawarar - 10 cm;
2. M Fit a cikin tubers dangi da juna;
3. Rufe ganga tare da polyethylene;
4. Bar kan windowsill a zazzabi mai zafi;
5. Dole ne a kwandon da kwandon shara domin abin da zai sami kwanciyar hankali zai kasance akan gado. Kada ku jinkirta hanya tsawon minti 10.

Bayan kimanin kwanaki 15, yakamata ya fara “fito”. Duk ba'a fitar da kwararan fitila ba, sauran ya kamata a dasa a buɗe ƙasa a ƙarshen lokacin bazara.

Saukowa ya ƙunshi matakai masu sauƙi:

1. Cire ramuka 7 cm a zurfi, yayin tunawa da nisan da ake buƙata tsakanin rami shine 10-20 cm;
2. Sanya wuri a cikin ramin tubers;
3. Yayyafa tare da ɗan ciyawa.

Wajibi ne a guji bushewar ixia nan da nan bayan dasa, za'a buƙaci kawai bayan kwanaki 15-20. Alamar halayyar don ban ruwa zai zama bayyanar ƙananan harbe.

Kiwo Ixia

An samar dashi ta hanyar yankan sarƙar da wuka mai kaifi. Kowane ɗayan kowane ɓangaren ya kamata ya ƙunshi peephole da ƙasa tare da primordia. Kafin dasa, yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da yankan. Don yin wannan, ash ko baƙin ƙarfe mai dacewa ya dace. A lokaci guda, tsire-tsire zasu sami fure.

Yaduwa ta hanyar rabuwa da corms ita ma ana amfani da ita, amma furersu ya kamata yai shekara 2-3. A lokacin rani, shuka mai girma yana da ƙananan kwararan fitila, a cikin abin da ya kamata a zaɓi waɗanda suka fi lafiya.

Don haka kuna buƙatar cire 'yar' yar tubers don ajiya a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi. Don mafi kwanciyar hankali, ya kamata ka yayyafa kwararan fitila tare da itace ash. Tare da farkon bazara, ya rigaya ya yiwu a shuka tubers a cikin ƙasa, kuma tare da farkon kaka, ana iya sake adana shi. Bayan shekaru 2, shuka zai iya yin fure.

Tsarin iri

Amfanin iri yaduwa shine ikon kiyaye ire-iren ire-iren samari da dimbin tsirrai da za'ayi bred. Irin wannan namo ya kasance na biyu ne kawai ga wasu a cikin tsawon lokacin aikin. Shuka shuka ya kamata a yi a ƙarshen hunturu, don wannan kuna buƙatar:

1. Ta hanyar haɗawa da gonar lambu tare da peat da yashi da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1 don samun ƙasa don tsaba ixia. Sannan ya zama dole a sanya maganin cakuda da aka cakuda a cikin tanda, ta yadda za'a lalata shi;
2. Cika akwati da aka riga aka shirya da taro;
3. Shirya tsaba a saman kuma ku rufe tare da wani bakin ciki na abin da aka shirya cakuda, sannan fesa;
4. Don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore, wajibi ne don rufe akwati tare da gilashi, yayin da ya kamata a watsa ƙananan seedlings kowane kwanaki 2-3.
5. Ya kamata a cire wasu daga cikin tsiron da ya tsiro don ƙirƙirar tazara 2 cm tsakanin tsirrai matasa;
6. Lokacin ƙirƙirar zafin jiki mai laushi mai kyau a kan titi, ya zama dole don taurara seedlings, lokaci-lokaci ɗauka shi a waje da gidan. Yana da mahimmanci a hankali ƙara yawan lokacin Ixia akan titi, kuma a ƙarshen bazara zai riga ya girma amintacce a buɗe ƙasa.

A cikin bazara, wajibi ne don cire kwan fitila, wanda zai bayyana a cikin shuka a lokacin farkon girma. Wintering ya kamata a da za'ayi a cikin duhu, daki mai sanyi, kuma a cikin bazara za'a iya dasa shi don yayi girma.

Kula da Ixia

Yanayin da ake bukata na yin nasarar ixia:

• Kasancewar hasken rana mai haske (kai tsaye yana shafi jikewar launi na inflorescences);
• Babban zafin jiki na iska;
• Danshi yana sama da matsakaici.

Ana samun yanayin ƙarshe ta hanyar fesa ruwa a kai a kai. Hakanan, kar ku manta da ciyawa kuma ku kwance kasar gona ku ciyar dashi. Yana da mahimmanci a rabu da sassan wilted da decayed cikin lokaci, tunda kasancewar su na iya tayar da cututtuka da yawa ko mamayar kwari.

Bayan tsire-tsire na ornamental ya gama fure, ya kamata a cire farfajiyar ta amfani da hanyar sirrin. Wannan gwargwado zai tallafa wa bayyanar da adon ixia, kuma zai kuma tsokane bugun sojojin shuka daga farfajiya zuwa bango (tubers).

Watse

Yana da Dole a samar da yawan ruwa na ixia kai tsaye bayan bayyanar farkon seedlings. A lokacin fure da samuwar buds, shuka yana buƙatar abun ciki mai yawa, wanda za'a iya tabbatar dashi ta hanyar ƙara yawan adadin shayarwa da mitarsa. Zai fi kyau amfani da ruwa mai ɗan ɗumi daɗaɗɗe. A cikin ruwa, zaku iya ƙara abubuwan ƙarfafa waɗanda ke taimakawa ga tsarin fure.

Manyan miya

Dukkan ma'adinai da takin gargajiya (nitroammofosk, Kemira Lux, Potate humate) suna da amfani ga ixia. Kada ku yi sau da yawa fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin makonni biyu, tsarma da cakuda ya kamata bin umarnin mai ƙira. Fara fara ciyarwa daga farkon kwanakin Yuni, kuma wajibi ne don gamawa bayan shuka ya lalace.

Cutar da kwari

A shuka kusan ba mai saukin kamuwa da kai hari ta kwari da kwari. Matsanancin danshi a cikin ƙasa na iya tsokanar cutar. Idan na dabi'a ne na yau da kullun, to za a rufe kwararan fitila ixia da mold.

A lokuta da dama, ana fama da cutar ixia ta hanyar aphids, wanda yake sauƙin rabu da ita kawai ta hanyar fesa kowane daji. Mafi inganci a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta shine maganin maganin kashe kwari, wanda ke ba da garantin kariya na dogon lokaci daga hare-hare. Yawancin jiyya tare da mita na 1 a cikin kwanaki 30-35 a cikin kwanakin zai isa.