Lambun fure (a Latin leucojum aestivum) nasa ne ga dangin Amaryllis, sunansa ya samo asali ne daga kalmomi biyu - madara da violet. Abin da ya sa ke nan sunansa na fari farin violet.
Bayanin lambun furen
Lambun fure shine ciyawar ciyawa don buɗe ƙasa, ana rarrabawa a tsakiyar Turai, Iran, Rum da Turkiya. Wannan gandun daji ne wanda ke da tsayi har zuwa 40 cm 2. Lokacin fure ya dogara da nau'in. Furanni fararen furanni na bazara a lokacin bazara, furanni na bazara a ƙarshen rabin Mayu, da furanni kaka da ke kusa da ƙarshen bazara. Don haka, idan dukkanin nau'ikan tsire-tsire uku ana shuka su akan gado ɗaya na fure, fure zai wuce daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. Ganyen suna layi-layi, bayyana lokaci guda tare da buds. Furanni Kadaitaccen ko tattara a cikin laima goge. Launi fari ne, ruwan hoda, tsawon - cm 3. A ƙarshen fure, an girke 'ya'yan itace - kwalin da iri. Tushen tushen - kwararan fitila an rufe shi da flakes launin ruwan kasa.
Lambun fure shine tsiron neophyte, tunda ya bayyana kwanannan a cikin aikin lambu.
Iri fararen fure, hoto
A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan lambun fure da yawa:
- bazara;
- bazara;
- kaka.
Dangane da sunayen, ya bayyana a sarari cewa sun bambanta da lokacin dasawa a kan shafin yanar gizon da kuma lokacin fure.
Lambun fure mai fure
Yana girma a gefunan gandun daji, haɗe da Carpathians. Bar har zuwa 25 cm tsayi, furen - cm 30. Inflorescences suna da guda ɗaya ko a haɗe, tare da ƙanshin ƙarfi. Lokacin ruwa na makonni 3-4 a watan Afrilu. Mafi kyawun launuka tsakanin furanni fararen furanni shine Karpatikum.
Lokacin sauka
Shuka abu (tsaba) da sauri rasa germination, saboda haka ana shuka su nan da nan bayan girbi. Furanni na farko sun bayyana ne a shekaru 6 ko 7. Game da kwararan fitila, yakamata ku jinkirta ajiya, dole ne a dasa su nan da nan bayan sayan. Idan kwararan fitila daga lambun, suna rarrabuwa kuma suna watsa shi zuwa wani sabon wuri nan da nan bayan ganye bushe. Lokaci mafi dacewa shine daga tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa farkon kaka. Store dasa kayan dasa ba daga baya fiye da rabin na biyu na Oktoba, wanda ya sa shuka yana da lokaci zuwa tushe.
Lambun fure na rani
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana samun tsiron a kan makiyaya da bankunan kogin a cikin ƙasar Transcaucasia, Kudancin Yammacin Turai da Yammacin Turai.
Ba kamar nau'in bazara ba, lokacin bazara ya ɗan girma ya fi girma - ganyayyaki da farfajiyar sun kai tsayin 40 cm. inflorescences na farko sun bayyana a rabin na biyu na Mayu, furanni suna samar da goge tare da ƙarancin 10. Mafi shahararren farin furanni na bazara shine Graveti Dzheint.
Lokacin sauka
Mafi kyawun lokacin don saukowa Yuli-Satumba. A cikin yankuna masu ɗumi, ana yin ayyukan dasa har zuwa Nuwamba.
Don dasa shuki, zaɓi kwararan fitila masu nauyi tare da tsarin mai yawa kuma an rufe su da sikeli. Yana da kyau idan tushen ko ƙananan harbe sun riga sun bayyana. Yana da mahimmanci cewa babu lalacewa ta inji ko burbushi na mold a farfajiyar rhizome. Idan, nan da nan bayan sayan, ba a dasa kayan dasawa ba, ana iya adanar shi a cikin kwandon filastik cike da sawdust.
Furen lambun kaka
Blooms a karo na biyu rabin bazara. Na farko, mai tushe tare da inflorescences ya bayyana kuma kawai a ƙarshen fure ganye yayi girma.
Tsawon daji shine kawai cm 12. Matsalar ita ce wannan nau'in ba shi da tsayayya ga sanyi, sabili da haka, irin waɗannan nau'ikan ba su da mashahuri. Koyaya, wasu lambu suna ajiye fure a cikin kwantena na musamman a cikin hunturu. Tare da sanyi ga kaka fararen fure, danshi mai lahani mai lalacewa, tunda a yanayi na dabi'a ana iya samun shuka ne kawai a wuraren yashi da m.
Yanayin girma na gaba ɗaya ga kowane nau'in
| Gaskiya | Yanayi |
| Gudun ruwa |
|
| Saukowa | Aikin shuka, gwargwadon ire-ire iri da nau'in shuka, ana yin su ne daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. |
| Haske | Ya fi son inuwa m. |
| Kasar | Rigar, drained, kusa da ruwa. |
| Watse | A farkon bazara, nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, shuka ba ya buƙatar ƙarin danshi. Yi amfani da ruwan da aka tsayar, ƙoƙarin hana saukad da faɗuwa daga furanni. |
| Manyan miya | Hadaddun ma'adinai mai narkewa tare da ƙarancin abun ciki na nitrogen, tunda wannan kashi yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar kambi mai yawa, inda cututtukan fungal suka haɓaka. Helianthus yana buƙatar phosphorus (wanda aka gabatar a gaban fure) da potassium (wanda aka yi amfani dashi a cikin kaka). |
| Kiwo | Kwan fitila a kowace shekara 5-7. Hanyar zuriyar haihuwa tana da wahala, kusan ba a yi amfani da ita ba. |
| Karin kwari | Scoops, caterpillars, rodents, nematodes, slugs. |
| Cutar | Gray mold, tsatsa, fungal da kuma hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri cututtuka. |
Idan ya zama dole ne a yadu da shuka da wuri-wuri, ya kamata a dasa kwararan fitila a gari - zuwa zurfin yarinyar, babu ƙari. Irin wannan ƙasa mai saurin girgizawa yana kunna haɓakar tushen tsarin da saurin kafa daji. Don dasa kwararan fitila, ya fi dacewa don ɗaukar shimfidar fure na rana, an share ciyayi, sannan kuma motsa daji zuwa wuri mafi dacewa.
Dankin yana jin dadi sosai a yankin da aka rufe, kusa da shukoki da tafkunan. Needsasar tana buƙatar daɗaɗɗa, amma flowerbed ɗin yana buƙatar daɗaɗa shi sosai, ana amfani da takin ƙasa na humus akai-akai.
Cin nasara
Yawan bazara da na bazara na lambun fure suna jin girma a cikin yanayin gida kuma suna da tsayayya ga sanyi. Idan ana tsammanin hunturu ya zama sanyi a dusar kankara, dusar ƙanƙara, ba za a iya rufe shuka ba. Idan watanni hunturu ana halin yanayi mai tsananin zafi, ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa ba, yana sa ma'ana a ƙarshen Nuwamba don ɗumi bushes tare da rassan fir.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara ya ba da shawara: yadda ake dasa shukar filawa
Tsarin dasa shuki bai banbanta da aiki tare da wasu furanni bulbous.
- tono makirci;
- ƙara sandar m (ana iya maye gurbinsu da tsakuwa);
- ƙasa mara kyau takan hadu da taki mai ruɓa;
- don rage acidity na ƙasa, an kara lemun tsami da peat.
Tsarin ƙasa wanda ke rufe kwan fitila ya bambanta daga 50 mm zuwa diamita biyu na rhizome.
Cututtuka da kwari na lambun furen
| Matsalar | Laifi | Hanyar gwagwarmaya |
| Sandan ruwa | Lalacewa rhizome, a sakamakon, rots Tushen tushen da shuka ya mutu. | Kwararan fitila suna buƙatar haƙa. Yanke wuraren da suka lalace kuma bushe aƙalla 2 hours. An shirya gadaje na fure a nesa na 3 m daga ramin linzamin kwamfuta. |
| Maza, caterpillars | Maƙanganun daji da macerjin suna lalata kwararan fitila. | Hanya mafi kyau don sarrafa kwari ita ce ta tara mugayen a cikin kaka yayin da ake yin amfani da ciyawar. |
| Matsawa | Bayyana a kan yumɓun yumɓu, lalata inflorescences da ganyen shuka. | Lokacin dasa shuki, kwararan fitila da aka yayyafa shi da yashi ko aka yi musu magani da keɓaɓɓen kwari. |
| Nematode | Woraramar tsutsa da take zaune cikin sassan tsirrai. Tana shafar tsarin tushen ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki, an kafa filayen launin rawaya da launin shuɗi akan su. | Tona sama da kwararan fitila a hankali kuma bincika. Ana bukatar jefa mutanen da ke kamuwa da cutar, kuma a tsoma cikin ruwa cikin zafin jiki na +45 ° C. Shekaru biyar, ba za a iya dasa tsire-tsire masu bulbous akan gonar da ba kowa ba. |
| Kwayoyin cuta ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri | Rawaya mai launin kore da kore kore akan ganyayyaki, farfajiya ta zama bututu, gefunan ya juya. | Dole ne a watsar da ƙwayar cutar da wuri-wuri don kada ta kamu da sauran ƙazaman bushes. Useswayoyin cuta ba sa cutar da tsaba, don haka za a iya shuka kayan shuka da aka tattara daga tsire-tsire marasa lafiya. |
| Cututtukan naman gwari | Abubuwan baƙi da launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana a saman ganye, wasu lokuta alamun zasu iya zama launin toka tare da tari. Kwayoyin cututtukan fata suna fitowa a cikin yanayi mai zafi da laima. Cutar ta yaɗu daga ƙasa, ta bugi daji daga ƙasa zuwa sama, sakamakon haka, tsirrai gaba ɗaya suka mutu. | An yanke sassan da abin ya shafa kuma an ƙone su. Ragowar daji ana bi da su ta hanyar fungicides. Wajibi ne a bi umarnin sosai. |
| Chlorosis | Alamar cutar ita ce ganye mai rawaya. Dalili mai yiwuwa:
| An zaɓi hanyar magance matsalar dangane da dalilin da ya haifar da ci gaban cutar. |
