Ana sarrafa inabi daga kwari da cututtuka a cikin bazara

Inabi matattara ce mai itace wadda take girma a ƙasashe da yawa. A duk faɗin duniya, ana kan aiki don inganta dandano na berriesan itacen ta, ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Koyaya, wannan bashi da ma'ana idan inji bata da lafiya. Gudanar da inabi a cikin bazara daga kwari da cututtuka zai taimaka wajen guje wa yanayin cutar amfanin gona.

Bukatar aiwatar da inabi a bazara

Ana buƙatar kulawa da bazara don hana cututtuka, ayyukan kwari.

Matsalar tana da sauƙin hanawa fiye da ɓata lokaci da ƙoƙari don kawar da shi.

Idan aka horar da al'adun a cikin bazara, wannan ba yana nufin kwata-kwata cewa jan hancin bazai zama dole ba lokacin bazara. Koyaya, matakan kariya suna rage haɗarin cututtuka, kwari, ƙara yawan amfanin gona.

Ana iya aiwatar da aiki ta amfani da:

• fesa ruwa;
• Shayar da ƙasa a kusa da daji, ya ɓoye ta hanyar kwance (13-15 cm), mulching tare da peat ko takin.

Kuna iya amfani da girke-girke na mutane, kayan samfuran halitta, sunadarai.

Aikace-aikacen zaɓuɓɓuka biyu na farko ana bada shawara ga dalilai na hanawa ko tare da damagean lahani ga 'ya'yan inabi ta hanyar cututtuka, kwari.

Tare da jihar da aka yi sakaci, sunadarai na da mahimmanci.

Cutar

Inabi mafi yawanci ana fama da cututtukan fungal waɗanda ke shafan itacen inabi na Berry. Spores suna jiran lokacin hunturu akan tarkace na shuka. Mildew akan inabi

Haka kuma, ba su mutu da ƙarancin yanayin zafi. Da zaran an kirkiro yanayi mai kyau, naman gwari zai fara aiki mai mahimmanci. Na kowa kuma mafi haɗari sun haɗa da:

• Qarya mildew na qarya (mildew) - tare da lalacewar ganye, aibobi masu laushi suka bayyana. Ba da daɗewa ba suna girma. Yana faruwa saboda babban zafi. Idan aka fara cutar, 'ya'yan inabin za su mutu.
• Powdery mildew (oidium) shine babbar alama: mai rufi mai launin toka akan sashin itacen. Sakamakon shan kashi, an lalata berries, drupes an fallasa.
• Anthracnose - launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana. A sakamakon haka, koren ya mutu ya faɗi.
• Black rot - causative wakili na cutar ratsa yayin fure, a cikin hanyar necrosis rinjayar ganye, halaka 'ya'yan itãcen. Yana da haɗari sosai ga inabi, ba tare da ɗaukar matakai ba, zai mutu cikin kwanaki 2-3.
• Grey rot - mafi sau da yawa yana shafar harbe matasa da vines, yana lalata amfanin gona. Yana faruwa saboda yawan dasa.
• M rot - na baƙar fata, naman gwari, naman alade, ya bayyana a cikin fasawar berries waɗanda ke haɗuwa da ƙasa. Wine daga irin wannan tumatir ya sami ɗanɗacin ɗanɗano.
• Gano mai baƙar fata (Marsonin) - ya bayyana kanta a farkon lokacin bazara kamar dige masu duhu akan ganye, berries duhu, rots itace.

Abubuwan da aka tsinkaya don cututtuka sune kurakurai a cikin kulawa. Idan cutar za a iya warkewa, a nan gaba ya zama dole a sake duba yanayin yadda aka bunkasa ta. Inabi Oidium

Koyaya, nau'ikan dake tsayayya wa da raunukan da aka lissafa sun ci gaba.

Karin kwari

Kwayoyin suna jiran isasshen sanyi a cikin ganye mai ganye da tsire-tsire masu kauri. Karin kwari a cikin adadin ba zai cutar da inabi ba. Koyaya, suna ninka cikin sauri, ba tare da magani ba zasu halaka daji. Bishiyoyi da suka shafa suna raunana, saboda wannan ana cutar da su.

Mafi yawan cutarwa masu cutarwa:

• Phyloxera ita ce kwaro mai cutarwa na microscopic, kadan ma yana tuna wani duhu mai duhu. Yana zaune a doron ƙasa, yana tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga rhizomes, wanda ke tsokani haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da naman gwari. Zai yi wuya a warke da kwaro, saboda haka kariya tana da matukar muhimmanci.
• Marble Khrushchev - babban ƙwaro (har zuwa 3 cm) na launin launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Musamman masu haɗari sune larvae waɗanda ke harba tushen har zuwa 300 cm.
• Leafworm - matafila suna cin buds da berries. Kuna iya sanin lalacewar kwari ta yanar gizo akan gungun bishiyar bishiya.
• Inabi mai kauri, kwari ne mai launin shuɗi-shuɗi mai launin shuɗi wanda ke haifarwa cikin babban zafi. Kwaro larvae ci buds da ganye.
• Cicadas - kuliyoyin tsalle masu tsalle waɗanda ke ciyar da ruwan tsiro. Wannan yana tsoratar da rauni, yaduwar cututtukan hoto ko kamuwa da cuta. A cikin kakar kawai, kwaro na iya lalata duk amfanin gona a gonar. Yana daidaitawa a cikin shuka ya zauna, thickened plantings.
• Spider mite kwaro ne mai ƙwayar cuta. Kusan ba zai yiwu a gani tare da ido tsirara ba. Kwaro ya tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga rassan matasa, ganye. Rayuwa mai aiki yana farawa a cikin yanayin bushewa, tare da rashin danshi. Bishiyar da ta shafa ta bushe da ganye, ta bushe. Za'a iya gano mitar gizo-gizo ta hanyar gidan yanar gizo na bakin ciki tsakanin ganye, gungu, filayen lebur daga ƙasan faranti.
• Wasps - suna yin fure a lokacin fure, amma a ƙarshen sun zama kwari. Suna cin berries, wanda ke hana tarin, ya kwaso 'ya'yan itacen.
• Slugs da katantanwa - ku ci ganye, kumburi photosynthesis. Bayyana tare da matsanancin zafi.

Yana da wuya a wargaza kwari da aka jera. A mafi yawan lokuta, yin amfani da magungunan guba ya zama dole, wanda ba shi da kyau sosai ga itacen 'ya'yan itace.

Hanya don bazara ta sarrafa inabi, da dokokin don amfani da kwayoyi

Yawanci, an kebe inabi ga hunturu. A cikin bazara, lokacin da zazzabi ya kwantar da hankali, sannu a hankali aka bude bishiyar, rassan an daure. Bayan an cire cikakkiyar mafaka, shiri don kakar mai zuwa ta fara:

1. Bayan hunturu (a tsakiyar Rasha - Afrilu 1-15, a kudu - a cikin Maris), bi da fungicides. Bayan mako biyu, an maimaita amfani da jan kafar.
2. Na biyu spraying ne da za'ayi a karo na biyu rabin May, kafin flowering. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da kwari da fungicides daga cututtuka. Idan bishiyar ta same shi da kwaya, dole ne a maimaita magani bayan kwanaki 10-12.
3. Ana fitar da spraying na ƙarshe bayan fure tare da maganin kashe kwari da fungicides.

An haramta aiwatarwa yayin samin toho. A lokacin bazara, ana aiwatar da matakan warkewa yayin da aka gano raunuka. A cikin fall, ana yin aiki na ƙarshe bayan ganye bayan ganye ya faɗi.

Yadda za a sarrafa inabi a cikin bazara daga cututtuka da kwari: 32 mafi kyawun kwayoyi

Magungunan mutane 5 don sarrafa inabi daga cututtuka da kwari a cikin bazara

Sabon shiga ba su kula sosai saboda kariyar bazara. Wannan kuskure ne babba. Matakan rigakafin ba wai kawai rage yiwuwar kwari da cututtuka daban-daban ba, har ma suna sanya tsire-tsire su zama masu tsayayya da yanayin illa ga yanayin muhalli.

Lokacin amfani da duk hanyoyi, ya zama dole a tsayar da lura da sashi. In ba haka ba, ba kawai ba sa aiki, amma kuma suna iya cutar, musamman magunguna.