Tips kan yadda za a yi girma da albasarta, da amfani ga masu amfani da kayan lambu da masu lambu, ko da yake yana iya amfani da masu amfani da masu gogaggen. Albasa - kayan lambu mai ban mamaki a kan teburin mu. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi tunanin wasu yi jita-jita ba tare da shi ba.
An yi amfani da sabo ne, dried, da ake amfani da shi don yin naman alade, pickles, kayan kayan yaji, adanawa. Girman albasa ba wuya ba ne, amma kana buƙatar bi duk matakan shiryawa kuma zaɓi wuri mai kyau ga albasa, da la'akari da amfanin gona na baya.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan "albasa" ya fito ne daga irin abin da ya dace da albasa da wani kayan lambu. - turnip
Albasa: bayanin da kuma rare iri
Albasa - kayan lambu ne na gidan Onion. 'Ya'yan itacen shine albasa da ke rufe jikin fata (husk). Pulp - fim din tare da ƙananan membranes, musamman kaifi ko mai dadi mai-dadi da kuma halayyar halayya. Kuma kwatsan da kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara dangane da iri-iri sun zo a cikin launi daban-daban - rawaya, yashi, amber, lilac, m, launin toka-fari, fari. 
Shin kuna sani? Albasa a matsayin kayan amfanin gona sun san shekaru fiye da dubu 4.Wadannan iri suna da kyau a yau: Stardust, Rostovsky, Carmen, Kupido, Lugansky, Danilovsky, Myachkovsky, Odintsovsky, Shetana, Strigunovsky, Bessonovsky, Hiberna, Wuri, Stuttgarter Rizen. Akwai lokuta da yawa daga cikinsu, kuma kafin girma da albasarta, kana buƙatar yanke shawara a kan iri-iri da kuma lokacin maturation na musamman irin albasa.
Inda zan dasa albasa: abubuwan da ake buƙata don ƙasa da hasken wuta
Ana bukatar dasa bishiyar a kan busassun, ruwa mai zurfi, bude, ba tare da shading yankunan m. Albasa kamar ƙasa mai laushi, wadatar da kwayoyin halitta. Ƙasa ba zata zama acidic ba, mafi kyawun pH shine 6.5-7.8, tare da yawan acidity ƙasa shine lemun tsami. Liming ne ko da yaushe kawai a cikin fall (!), Kuma ba a cikin bazara kafin dasa.
Mai kyau da mummunan bakan baya
Growing albasa turnips zai tafi da kyau bayan Peas, kabewa, dankali, tumatir, kabeji, wake da sideratov. Ba za ku iya dasa albasa ba bayan karas, cucumbers, tafarnuwa da albasa. Amma karas da tafarnuwa kusa da kofa na gaba zai zama da amfani don girma - wasu kwari da albasa suna tsorata daga wariyar karas da tafarnuwa. 
Peculiarities na albasa albasa: lokaci, shirye-shiryen dasa kayan, makirci da kuma zurfin dasa
Lokaci na albasa albasa yana dogara ne akan yanayin - zai iya ci gaba har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani, har zuwa karshen lokacin rani, har zuwa farkon kaka. Amma a matsakaita, da namun albasa a kan turnip daga seedlings yana 75-90 days.
Albasa ana shuka su ne a wata ƙasa mai zafi fiye da + 12 ... +13 ° С - wannan shi ne kamar a farkon kwanakin Afrilu. Dafa shi a farkon ko tsakiyar Afrilu, ana iya girbi amfanin gona a ƙarshen Yuni - farkon Yuli. Kwayar dasa shine yawanci 8 daga 20 cm ko 10 ta 25 cm, dangane da nau'ikan iri-iri.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin dasa albasa, dole ne a shirya iri.
Fasahar aikin gona na albasa albarkatun shuka
Albama mai tsami, wanda ake amfani da shi daga tsaba, ya hada da dasawa da kula da gadaje da bambanta da dasa shuki albasa. Kwan fitila tsaba, wanda ake kira Chernushka, kafin shuka bincika shuka. Don wannan take 1 tsp. tsaba, shayar da ruwa da kuma kunsa su a cikin damp, zane-zane. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ana duba idan sun fara fitowa, idan haka ne, tsaba suna da kyau. 
Shin kuna sani? Yana da shawara don shuka daya shekara chernushka. Ko da yake an yi imani da cewa albasa tsaba suna riƙe da germination na tsawon shekaru 2.Kayan aikin gona na albasa albasa: Kafin girbi, ana yin chernushka mai zafi na minti 20-30 cikin ruwa a zafin jiki na 40-50 ° C, to, an shayar da su a cikin ruwa a dakin da zazzabi na kwanaki 2-3, kuma ana canza ruwa sau ɗaya a rana don kaucewa matsin lamba.
Bayan ruwa ya shafe, ana shuka tsaba a cikin wani Layer tsakanin kayan ado biyu, kayan ado na bakin ciki, da kuma bayan kwana 2-3, lokacin da tsirrai da kuma shakes, suna fara shuka. Shuka a cikin wata ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗen ƙasa a gaba zuwa cikin furrows kamar zurfin 1-1.3 cm, amma ba fiye da 1.5 cm ba, a nesa da tsaba daga juna - 2 cm, sa'an nan kuma yayyafa da ƙasa da karamin kadan.
Bayan da gado, suna cike (tare da humus, peat) kuma suyi amfani da shi ta hanyar watering tare da mai sprayer, daga sama kuma an rufe shi da fim, wanda aka cire lokacin da sabbin furanni (seedlings) suka bayyana. Kamar yadda bangarorin biyu na gaske suka girma kuma suka bayyana a albasa, suna shuka bishiyoyi, suna barin nesa fiye da 2 cm a tsakanin tsire-tsire. Ana yin shinge na gaba bayan bayyanar ganye na gaskiya guda hudu - yanzu sun bar nesa na 5-7 cm. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a fara bin lokaci sosai. Tare da marigayi na bakin ciki, amfanin gona zai zama m.Alkama da aka shayar da shi a wata na fari bayan yaduwa - sau daya a cikin kwanaki 6-7. Bayan watering - m loosening.
Yadda za a shuka albasa ta hanyar sevok
Girma albasa, kana buƙatar sanin abin da yake albasa ya shirya. Waɗannan su ne kananan albasa - 1.5-2 cm a diamita, wanda aka shuka daga hatsi. Ana amfani da Sevok don amfanin gonar manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Don samun albasa mai kyau, na farko ya fara girma, wanda za'a iya aiwatar da shi a cikin ƙasa mai bude (an dasa shuki a cikin hunturu) da kuma a gida - a cikin kananan kwantena a kan windowsill.
Agrotechnics na albasa namo daga sevka: kafin dasa, ana da albasarta sau da dama, yana barin kusa da duk wani motar wuta, har zuwa zafin jiki na + 20 ... +22 ° C, to, har zuwa + 35 ... +40 ° C - suna kula da yawan zafin jiki na kwanaki 3-6. Ko ruwan zafi mai tsawo fiye da + 45 * +50 ° C ya kamata a cika a cikin minti 20-25, sannan cire albasa da kuma zuba a cikin ruwan sanyi tare da zafin jiki na + 10 ... + 12 ° C, sa'an nan kuma ya bushe tare da adiko na goge kuma bari a bushe a dakin da zafin jiki. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Yawancin zafi yana da muhimmanci ga kwararan fitila - godiya ga wannan, yana yiwuwa don kauce wa samuwar kibiyoyi a cikin baka.Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki ya haɗu da gadaje. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, an shafe shi sosai. Sa'an nan kuma suka sa tsararru-giraguni tare da zurfin 4.5-5 cm da kuma tsaya sevok, wanda aka gaba daya yayyafa da ƙasa kuma ɗauka da sauƙi rammed. Watering gado a farkon ba lallai ba ne.
Yadda za a magance albasa a gonar
Kulawa na asali - yana weeding, watering, loosening. Ba ya buƙatar thinning na sevok, kamar yadda aka dasa shi a farkon isa na kwararan fitila daga juna.
Shin kuna sani? Albasa a siffar su na musamman lokacin da cin abinci suna da alamun maganin antimicrobial, suna taimaka wajen kara yawan rigakafi, hana cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
Kula da kulawa da kula da sako
Ana amfani da tsaba a tsakanin layuka, da kuma bayan tsirrai da kewaye da albasa dafa. Tsafe ƙasa bayan kowace ban ruwa zuwa zurfin ba fiye da 5 cm ba. 
Watering da ciyar da albasarta
A kan tambaya na albasa kwan fitila yadda za a yi girma da kyau - tare da yawan watering ko ba tare da? Albasa - al'adar da ba ta buƙatar ruwa. Yin watsi da shi, ba shakka, yana da muhimmanci, amma a halin yanzu - a yanayin zafi, tabbatacce a kalla sau ɗaya kowace 5-6 days. A wasu kwanakin - 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 8-10. Wani lokaci albasa za a iya girma ba tare da wani ruwa ba - idan lokacin rani yana da dumi da kuma ruwan sama.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne ku bi dokoki yadda za a kula da albasarta kafin girbi. Kimanin 30-35 days kafin girbi daga gonar watering (da fertilizing) albasa an tsaya.Masu lambu suna da sha'awar ko da kuma yadda zasu girma da albasarta ba tare da sune ba. Ainihin, a, idan kasar gona ta dace sosai. Amma duk da haka sau da yawa albasa aka ciyar da mafi alhẽri girma da kuma manyan-fruited.
A kan ƙasa mai laushi, ana ciyar da albasarta sau 2-3 - a karo na farko a tsawo mai tsawo na 7-9 cm, na biyu - bayan makonni 2-3, na uku - bayan wani makonni uku. Don wanka, kaji nama da aka shafe tare da ruwa, mullein (100 g / 5 l na ruwa a daidai lokacin da ya dace da 2.5 lita / 1 sq. M), urea, potassium chloride, superphosphate (10-15 g / 2 sq. M) sun dace. 
Matsalar girma, manyan kwari da cututtuka na albasa
Babban kwaro na albasa - albasa ya tashi, waxanda suke cin nama daga 'ya'yan itace, bayan haka albarkatun albasa da gashin tsuntsaye sun bushe. A farkon alamun lalacewa, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna ja daga waje kuma sun hallaka.
Yin rigakafin albasa kwari gudanar da dubawa na sevka kafin saka shi a cikin ajiya da ɓoye (an lalatar da albasarta), dasa shuki karas da tafarnuwa kusa da albasa, da kuma kirkiro zurfin ƙasa a cikin kaka - har zuwa 30 cm don kashe mummunan yanayi a cikin ƙasa daga sanyi. An kuma bada shawara don rigakafin watering da gadaje da ruwa mai gishiri - 300-400 g na gishiri / 10 lita na ruwa ko tuck kasar gona a rabbits of 2: 1 tare da cakuda sunflower ash da taba taba.
Wani kwaro ne weevil ƙwaro. Dukansu larvae da beetles suna cin abinci a kan gashin tsuntsaye, raunuka da aka haifar da su suna haifar da lalacewa na launi da rashin karuwar yawan albasa.
Rigakafin kamuwa da cuta tare da ɓoye - tsawaitaccen lokaci (tsutsa, bayyana a kan farfajiya, mutu). Saukowa da albasa da ke kusa da shi, wanda aka zubar da shi da kuma abin da aka lalata tare da kwayar cutar, yana da tasiri.
Al'amarin parasitic taba da albasa da thelups da shebur. Rigakafin abin da suke faruwa - digging a cikin hunturu na kasar gona a kalla 30 cm, na yau da kullum loosening, magani na albasa ganye tare da infusions na celandine, barkono mai zafi, da mustard, taba, da kuma wormwood. Ko kuma zaka iya amfani da kwari-tsire-tsire (agrochemicals), wanda aka tsara akan waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Albasa: girbi
Kafin kayi albasa daga ƙasa, tabbatar cewa yana cikakke. Yana da sauƙi don sanya shi - ganye dole ne a yi ta da ƙwaƙwalwa gaba ɗaya, kuma a sama da bishiyoyi, da kuma manyan flakes na kwan fitila. Ɗaura baka tare da dawakai da launi (wutsiyoyi), ba tare da warware shi ba. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Gilashin albasa, wanda aka karɓa daga sevka, a daidai ajiya yana da ƙarfin kiyayewa - har zuwa kwanaki 220.An tattara albasarta a ƙarƙashin rufi ko tare da isasshen iska cikin gida na 2-3 makonni. Kuma kawai bayan haka cire tushen da wutsiyoyi, ko saƙa da baka a cikin wani jariri (da'irar). Sanya cikin ajiya, yana da kyau a raba da albasarta ta girman girman kwararan fitila. Ajiye shi a + 16 ... + 22 ° C (a kusa da zafin jiki a ɗakin dakatar) dakatar da shi a cikin kwakwalwa ko kwalaye da kwanduna. Ana iya adana zaitun a ƙananan zazzabi har zuwa +1 ° C - a cikin cellar, ginshiki, ɗaki, babban abu - Kada ka bari a lokacin dampness dakin ajiya da yanayin daskarewa.
Dukkanin albasa ne, wanda idan yayi girma tare da kyakkyawan kusanci bai kamata ya haifar da wata matsala ba.
