Girman girma a cikin yankunan da ke cikin yankunan da ke cikin yanki suna da mafi mahimmanci dalili. Duk da yake an yi amfani da wasu daga cikin su don abincin abinci, wasu suna yin aikin ado na ado, suna faranta masu kyau tare da kyakkyawan tsari mai faɗi. Muna so mu fada game da daya daga cikin wakilan karshen wannan labarin.
Shirya privet, bayanin da iri
Tsarin rukuni (ko, kamar yadda ake kira "ligistrum") yana nufin tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na ƙananan bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi (bayanin jinsunan daban zai zama daban). Suna da yawa a kasashen Turai, Australia, Asia da Arewacin Afrika. Amma yawancin jinsunan suna wakiltar a cikin furanni na Japan, da Himalayas, Sin da Taiwan.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan Latin sunan shuka ya fito ne daga kalmar "ligare", wanda ke nufin "ɗaure". A gaskiya, wannan bayanin ya bayyana shi ne ta hanyar ma'anar astringent na privet.
Sau da yawa zaka iya jin wani suna na shuka - daji (ko Turai) privet. Tsirrai da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna iya kai mita uku a tsayi, kuma tsirrai mai tushe suna rufe kananan ƙwayoyin. Ganyayyaki suna da siffar, tsayinsu ya kai 6 cm tare da nisa har zuwa 1.5 cm. Furen suna da inuwa mai haske masu inganci kuma an tattara su cikin ƙumshi, kuma wari yana da kyau.
Beautiful m berries ƙawata shuka har zuwa karshen Disamba-Janairu, amma har yanzu kada ku taba 'ya'yan itatuwa - suna da guba.
Idan kodayaushe, wanda, a hanya, yana buƙatar yanayi na musamman na dasawa da kulawa, yana tsiro a yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi, injin zai zubar mafi yawan ganye, yayin da a wuraren da ke da yanayin zafi mai kyau za a iya dauka a matsayin tsire-tsire.
Amma ga irin privet, su akwai fiye da nau'in 50 sabili da haka, muna taƙaitaccen bayanin kawai sananne.
Tsaida yana da kyau. An gabatar dashi kamar bishiya ko ƙananan itace, wanda yafi girma a kudancin Rasha. Tsawan shuka zai iya kai mita 15. Ganye na haske mai haske yana da siffar nau'i, 15 cm cikin girman.
Furen fararen fararen fata, kuma tsawon tsayayyun su na tsawon mita 17. Da zuwan kaka, itace yana da cikakkun launi na launin ruwan launi mai duhu. Wannan nau'i na privet daidai ya saba zama a cikin birane, kuma zai iya jure wa takunkumi (har zuwa -15 digiri) kuma baya buƙatar hasken rana mai yawa.
Lepidoptera - wani nau'i mafi girma a fadin Japan. Ana nuna shi da shrubs, da tsawo da nisa na 4 m Wannan nau'in ya bambanta tawurin mai haske kore ganye game da tsawon 6 cm. Kamar yadda a cikin version ta baya, furanni suna da launin launi, kuma panicle ya kai 10 cm.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu banƙyama na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar wuta suna da guba sosai, saboda haka yana da daraja a kula da su tare da taka tsantsan.
Golden privet - karin ingancin ornamental, haske mai haske zinariya ganye wanda zai iya da kyau yi ado gonar a lokacin rani da kuma hunturu. Bugu da ƙari, wannan shrub ɗin marar amfani yana buƙatar lantarki mai kyau da ƙasa mai yalwace kuma ba tare da waɗannan yanayi zasu yi girma ba. Ganyayyaki suna da kyau, masu launin shuɗi guda biyu (kore a tsakiyar, da zinariya akan tarnaƙi). Fure-furen furanni, wanda aka tattara a cikin panicle, wanda girmansa 10 cm ne, da kuma berries, kamar yadda aka yi a baya, suna da haɗari ga mutane.Japan privet - wani itace mai tsayi mai tsawon mita 3-4. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan jinsin yana da matukar damuwa game da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona, ko da yake yana jure wa dusar ƙanƙara da rashin haske. Lokacin flowering na jumhuriyar Jafananci ya fi guntu fiye da sauran nau'o'in privet, amma dai yana riƙe da siffarsa kuma yana da tushe sosai a cikin gidajen lambun birnin. Irin wannan shrubs ana iya kiran shi tsire-tsire masu ado, wanda ya fi mayar da shi saboda launin fata mai duhu, ƙananan kambi da ƙananan tip.
Shin kuna sani? An yi amfani da irin wannan shrub a cikin zane-zane tun daga 1845 a matsayin kayan shinge. Yana cikakke ne duka biyu, da kuma kayan ado na gefuna.
Duba Aurea - Wani mahimmancin nau'i na privet, wanda yake dauke da ganye. Wannan alama ce ta sa ya zama sananne tare da masu zanen kaya. Aurea bushes kai har zuwa 3 m tsawo kuma har zuwa 2 m a fadin, wanda yale su su dace daidai cikin ciki na kowane lambu. Ƙananan launuka masu tsalle-tsalle masu launin launin fata suna kara da iyakar launin rawaya, kuma furanni suna da launin launi mai laushi kuma an taru su a cikin ƙananan launi.Wannan iri-iri ba shi da kyau ga abun da ke ciki na kasar gona da kuma jure wa kananan ƙananan ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, Aurea na da nau'in jinsin sanyi, ko da yake a tsakiyar ɓangare na Rasha yana da kyawawa don tsara shuka. Idan hunturu ba sanyi ba ne kuma dusar ƙanƙara, to, privet bushes na wannan jinsin bazai zubar da ganye.
Duba "Sines" (ko, kamar yadda ake kira, "Sinanci Ligostrum") ba shi da kyau a cikin lambu. Game da kimanin kadada miliyan daya na ƙasar a sassa daban-daban na duniyar duniyar an ba da tsire-tsire na wannan nau'in. Wannan kullun shrub yana iya kai mita bakwai a tsawo, kuma ainihin asalin ya sa ya zama sananne a cikin masu zane-zane.
Green ya fita kusan 7 cm tsawo kuma game da 3 cm m fall ga hunturu.
Varivegated privet - Yana da wata launin kore mai launi mai launin fata, wanda yake da nau'i mai yawa na kasar Sin. An kafa furanni masu launin fure-fure a cikin gungu, don haka suna ba da shuka gagarumar bayyanar. Ana nuna ganye, kuma a kan gefen su iyakokin zinariya ne. Wannan gonar shrub ba ta bambanta a cikin babban girma, kuma tsayinsa daga 1.2 zuwa 1.5 m ne.
Tsarin dokoki na talakawa
Kamar kowane tsire-tsire, mahimmanci na yau da kullum yana buƙatar biyayyar wasu ka'idoji. Kada ka manta da cewa wannan shuka ita ce "mazaunin" na ƙarƙashin ɓarna, don haka yana sharar hasken rana. Bugu da ƙari, privet ba ji tsoron fari da unpretentious zuwa zabi na ƙasa. Duk da haka, injin zai fara girma cikin ƙasa mai yalwa da busasshiyar ƙasa. Sabili da haka, idan kuna son shi ya isa kyan kyakkyawa, to lallai ya zama dole a shirya kasa: ya kamata ya zama m, mai gina jiki kuma yana da wani rauni mai ma'ana.
Abincin mafi kyau duka na ƙasa shine cakuda sod, humus da yashi a cikin rabo daga 3: 2: 1. Zai fi kyau shuka shuka a fili, ya fita daga gine-gine 70-100 cm. Game da lokacin da aka dasa shi, ana iya yin shi a kowane lokaci a lokacin girma, amma mafi kyau duka - a cikin idon ruwa, kafin buds tausa. Gaskiya, wasu masoya na dasa shuki a cikin fall, amma akasin haka, sunyi imani da cewa lokaci mai kyau don dasa shuki privet shine Satumba-Oktoba.
Kafin dasa shuki da bushes, tabbas za a haƙa yankin da aka zaba zuwa zurfin bayoneti, sannan ka yi rami rami. Girmanta ya kamata ya dace da darajan 65x65, kuma zurfin ya kamata ya fi tushen tsarin tsarin privet (ya kamata, ya zama 30 cm karin). Bayan ya huda rami, cika shi da ruwa kuma jira har sai an shayar da ruwa. Sa'an nan kuma zuba a Layer na crushed dutse 10-20 cm lokacin farin ciki a kasa da kuma samar da wani mound na kasar gona cakuda (nitroammophos da sauran ma'adanai suna hade cikin ƙasa). Tsayar da tsirrai da aka sanya a kan tudu, gyara tushen sa kuma cika rami tare da cakuda ƙasa, ba tare da takin mai magani ba.
A cikin wata, zai zama dole don tabbatar da cewa kasar gona a kusa da sapling ba ta bushe ba, kuma bayan bayan haka zai yiwu a cike yankin a kusa da privet tare da takarda na peat 5-8 cm lokacin farin ciki.
Yadda za a kula da turquoise
Kula da privet dole ne ya fara ko da kafin ya sauka a ƙasa. Sakamakon daidai abun da ke ciki na kasar gona shine mataki na farko don ci gaban shuka. Ya kamata kasar gona ta kasance mai kyau, tare da matsakaicin mataki na acidity kuma yana da tsarin tsawaita (a cikin zurfin kusan 60 cm). Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a ƙara ɗan lemun tsami a ƙasa mai shirya.
An shawarci masu kula da kwarewa su shuka shuka a wani wuri na rana, koda yake a cikin inuwa zai ji daɗi sosai. Sakamakon kwantar da hankulan ruwa tare da fari, waterlogging kuma zai iya tsayayya da guguwa ba tare da izini ba a lokacin hunturu, ko da yake rage yawan zafin jiki na iska zuwa -35 ° C zai iya haifar da mutuwar wani shrub.
Watering
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ake kula da turquoise shi ne hanyar shayar da shi. Duk da cewa wannan shuka ta kwanciyar hankali yana tsayawa cikin kwanaki mai bushe, idan ba a shayar da ita ba, ƙasa ta fadi za ta rushe daji. Shi ya sa ruwa da kuma yad da shuka ya kamata a kasancewa sau da yawa, musamman lokacin da yake da zafi a waje. Don kada ku cika shrub, kokarin rage yawan watering kuma a lokaci guda ƙara yawan ruwa a lokaci daya. Dole ne a narke ƙasa kawai 50 cm.
Gaskiyar cewa privet zai bunkasa a kusan dukkanin yanayi ne gaskiyar, amma yadda sauri zai girma ya dogara da ingancin ban ruwa. Ya kamata a lura cewa itace mai girma yana buƙatar ruwan lita 30-40 na rana.
Ciyar da sako da kuma pruning
Abu na biyu mai muhimmanci a yayin kula da shuka shine pruning privet. A mafi yawancin lokuta, ana gudanar da wannan hanya a cikin bazara lokacin da, lokacin da thinning bushes, an cire rassan da aka lalace. Ana gyaran katako a watan Mayu da Agusta, kuma a lokacin hunturu, yana da kyau a yi shiru a kasa kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma ya rufe wani abu, kamar yadda zasu iya daskare.
Dressing privet
Ciyar da privet an yi kowane 2-3 shekaru, a farkon spring. Idan launin launin toka ko launin kore ya bayyana a jikin ganyen shrubs ko bishiyoyi, wannan yana nufin cewa ƙasa a dacha yana da karuwar yawancin acidity. A wannan yanayin, kar ka manta da kulawa da yawan shuke-shuke masu girma: horsetail, shinge na itace, zobo, plantain da tricolor violet, saboda waɗannan ciyayi sun fi son ƙasa. Don magance wannan matsala kuma kauce wa bayyanar spots a kan ganye, yana da muhimmanci a lokaci-lokaci ƙayyade ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci wannan tsari ya fada a cikin fall. Rashin murmushi mai laushi wanda aka yi wa lakabi ya ɓace kamar yadda yanayin ƙasa yake ciki:
- haske, yashi kasa - 250-300 g / m2;
- matsakaici podzolic kasa - 300-440 g / m2;
- nauyi humus, loamy da yumbu kasa - 500-600 g / m2.
Wata hanya mai kyau don daidaita yanayin ƙwayar ƙasa shine amfani da gari mai dolomite. Yana taimaka wa enrichment na kasar gona tare da muhimmanci alama abubuwa don shuke-shuke: magnesium, potassium, da dai sauransu.Adadin dolomite gari da aka gabatar a cikin bude ƙasa ya dogara da ƙasa acidity matakin:
- ƙasa acidic (pH kasa da 4) na buƙatar 500-550 g / m2;
- matsakaici acid (PH 4.5-5.2) - 450-500 g / m2;
- kadan acidic ƙasa (pH ne 5.2-5.6) - 350-450 g / m2.
Rabaitawa na privet a kasar
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu da za a iya haifar da shrub shuki: by grafting da kuma ta hanyar tsaba. Kowannensu yana buƙata a wasu yanayi.
Game da haifuwa a matsayin tsaka-tsalle, kuma nau'in tsire-tsire na wannan shuka basu da mahimmanci. Kuna iya yanke wani ɓangare na wani daji tare da felu da shuka shi, ko kuma fitar da zuriya kuma ya motsa su daga uwar daji. Amma game da yaduwa da cuttings, an yi mafi kyau a Yuli, ta yin amfani da ƙananan ƙananan daga wannan lokacin rani. Ana gudanar da shinge a watan Yuni, zaka iya amfani da rassan da suka gabata.
Ana aiwatar da tsarin grafting na privet kamar yadda baƙar fata ba: da ya zaba wurin da ya dace (a cikin inuwa ko a rana), wajibi ne don mirgine sama da cire Tushen perennial weeds. Sa'an nan kuma aka kara kayan lambu a ƙasa, ko takin mai laushi, da kuma shayar da kyau. Daga sama yana da kyau a zubar da yashi mai yashi, wanda aka dasa bishiyoyin privet.
A lokacin da kiwo ta amfani da otvodok, kana bukatar ka durƙusa zuwa ƙasa daya daga cikin rassan mafi ƙasƙanci, kuma kafin ka fara yin kuka akan wasu raguna (ta amfani da allurar bakin ciki). Bayan haka, an binne igiya a cikin ƙasa, kuma an saka ganga a saman - sphagnum, ko kuma ana yayyafa ƙasa mai laushi kuma an rufe ta da fim (kare ƙasa daga bushewa). Har ila yau, ana iya yin amfani da ruwa a ƙarƙashin ginin gishiri, wanda zai rike danshi kuma ya ba da dama ba don yin amfani da shi na watering na prikatanny na tsawon wata guda ba. Shin kuna sani? A rare sunan na privet talakawa - "wolfberry".
Amfani da privet a zane wuri
Tsarin tsirrai, wadda ba ta dauki lokaci mai tsawo don dasawa da kulawa, yana daya daga cikin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire a zane-zane. Yawancin shrubs da itatuwa suna girma sosai da sauri kuma zasu iya ƙara har zuwa rabin mita a kowace shekara. Ana amfani da wasu nau'o'in shi azaman bonsai. Dwarf shuke-shuke da kyawawan furanni da ƙananan ganye suna da kyau da kyau don yin gidaje.
Ginawar bonsai daga kananan shuke-shuke shine mafi alhẽri a fara shekaru biyu bayan dasa. Abubuwan da ke cikin kwalliya masu dacewa sun dace da wannan. Ana bada shawara don cire kayan ganyen privet nan da nan, wanda yellowness ya bayyana, kuma ba kawai daga shuka ba, amma daga ƙasa. Cire da ganga sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a shekara tare da wajabiyar cirewa daga gansakuka. Yana da shawara ga shrubs dashi sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu, ɗauke da shi a farkon spring. Zaka iya yanke ba kawai rassan ba, amma har tushen, wanda, a hanya, buƙatar mai yawa watering.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a dauki kula don kauce wa samfurori da sauyin yanayi na kwatsam a yanayin.Lokacin shirya wurin da za a dasa shuki daga shinge, kana buƙatar cire igiya tare da layin da aka yi alama (alama don ƙirƙirar layin gaba na greenery). Bayan haka, an haƙa karamin rami, zurfin 50-70 cm kuma har zuwa mita 50. An sanya bishin shuka a ciki, kuma nisa tsakanin ƙananan bishiyoyi ya dace da 30-50 cm.
Bayan dasa shuki, ana bukatar shayarwa da kyau - don cimma matsakaicin iyakar, ana saka ruwan cikin tushen.
Idan kana bukatar kyakkyawan shinge na turquoise, kana buƙatar shirya aljihunku na musamman da igiya, ko da yake siffar katako mai siffar katako ta fi dacewa. Ana iya sanya kansa daga cikin sanduna.
Shin kuna sani? Masu zane-zane na sararin samaniya sukan yi amfani da zinariya privet. Yana da sauƙin ɗaukar siffar da ake so, kuma babban amfani shi ne kudin da aka samu na shuka da kuma kyawawan kayan ado.Saboda haka, privet wata kyakkyawan bayani ne game da matsalar ci gaba da gidan gidan rani, kuma tare da wasu ilimin da za ku iya samun shinge mai kyau "live".
