Apple itace iri dake Kuibyshev ya kawo dadi amber-yellow fruit.
Apples suna da halaye masu kyau kuma suna da kyau a cikin masu amfani.
M, m, mai dadi da kuma dandano mai ban sha'awa na apple na wannan iri-iri ba zai iya barin sha'aninsu ba.
Bayanan cikakken bayani da hoto daga baya a cikin labarin.
Wane irin ne?
Apple itace Kuibyshev yana nufin don yanayin hunturu. An yi ta high yawan amfanin ƙasa, hunturu juriya da fari juriya.
Tsaro daga 'ya'yan itatuwa a matsakaici har zuwa watanni ukuDuk da haka, ya dogara ne akan adadin apples apples:
- da ake buƙatar zafin jiki mai kyau - daga -2 ° C zuwa + 1 ° С;
- ajiya a cikin kwalaye na katako ko kwantena;
- dangin zumunta 90-95%;
- 'ya'yan itace da yawa;
- tasowa apple itatuwa da iri.
Ga irin nau'o'in itatuwan apple iri-iri kamar su: Idared, Antonovka kayan zaki, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith da Aport.
Ruwan jini
Yana faruwa ne saboda pollen na furanni na furanni iri-iri, tun lokacin da itacen bishiya ya zama nau'in mai kai.
Mafi kyau, hanyoyi na hanyoyi guda biyu a nesa da mita biyar daga juna.
Apple iri sun dace da pollination na iri-iri na Kuibyshevskoe: Spartak, Zhigulevskoe, Anis launin toka, Skryzhapel, Sanya arewa, Kutuzovets.
Kuibyshev iri-iri iri-iri
Ana bayyana siffar itacen bishiya da tsayi mai tsayi, tsayi mai tsayi da rawaya, manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Fast girma high da kuma marmari sprawling kambi na matsakaici kauri.
Ƙwararrun kwarangwal rassan, dangane da akwati an samo a wani kusurwa na kusan digiri 70-80.
Gashin yana launin ruwan kasa tare da tinge launin toka. Fruiting on kolchatka.
A harbe suna da kyau pubescent, babban, da launin ruwan kasa launi. Ganye yana da matsakaici a matsakaici, maras nauyi tare da tsumma mai maƙalli. A saman takardar ne matte.
Muhimmin girman. Matsayin nauyin apple shine 150 grams. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, nauyin tayin zai iya kai 300 grams.
Halin apple yana daidai, symmetrical. A kan itace daya iya girma 'ya'yan itatuwa daban-daban. Ana yaduwa haƙarƙarin. Fata ne m, ba lokacin farin ciki ba. Launi na apple yana haske rawaya.
Na uku na farfajiya sau da yawa yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa. Matakan subcutaneous suna haske, kusan marasa ganuwa. Jiki nama ne mai tsabta, farin ciki na granular, m.
Ku ɗanɗani ne mai dadi, ya furta apple ƙanshi.
Daban dandano da ƙanshi mai mahimmanci zasu iya faranta masa rai: Orlovsky majalisa, Ekranny, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Orlinka da Aromatny.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
A iri-iri na apple itatuwa Kuybyshevskoe aka haife godiya ga Breeder S.P. Kedrinwanda ya haɓaka Pepina na London kuma Antonovka Saffron a tashar gwaji a kan aikin lambu na birnin Samara.
Hannun wannan makiyaya yana da Golden Summer, Samara Beauty, Zhigulevsky, Kutuzovets.
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Yankin yankin Volta wani ɓangare na ci gaban halitta na Kuibyshev apple apple, bisa ga Registry State.
Duk da haka, ana iya daidaita nau'ikan. a wasu yankuna masu laushi.
Idan yanayin climatic bai dace ba, yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar da kulawa mai kyau, kuma a sama duka, dasa itace.
Yawo
Fruits apple itacen Kuibyshevskoe kawo a shekara ta biyar bayan saukarwa.
An cire 'ya'yan itace daga' ya'yan itacen apple a kowace shekara.
Tsarin matse ya kawo 'ya'yan itatuwa a kowace shekara 1.5-2.
Ana lura da cikakke cikakke a karo na biyu na watan Satumba.
Lokaci yana da har zuwa Maris.
Wadannan iri suna bambanta da yawan amfanin ƙasa: Lyubava, Antey, Papirovka, Gala da Shtrikel.
Dasa da kulawa
Yawan amfanin ƙasa da girman Kuibyshevsk 'ya'yan itatuwa na' ya'yan itace kai tsaye sun dogara ne akan kulawa. Lokacin da dasa bishiyar da aka yi amfani da shi da takin gargajiya. Kula da itacen apple ba ya buƙatar ƙoƙarin da yawa.
Domin itace yayi karfi, da lafiya da kyau, abu na farko da ya zama dole shi ne zaɓin iri iri.
Saya seedlings tare da tsarin ci gaba.
Zabi matasa seedling,a cikin yankin tare da yanayin yanayin hawan, to, ya dace da sauri zuwa ƙasa a yankin da aka girma.
Yawancin itatuwan Apple yawanci dasa a cikin yanayi uku: kaka, rani, spring.
Lokacin zabar seedlings tare da tushen tushen tsarin, an bada shawara don zaɓar lokacin bazara don dasa.
Bayan sayan seedlings sosai yana da muhimmanci a zabi wuri mai kyau don dasa itacen apple:
- yanki na rana;
- rashin iska;
- yankunan da ake dasawa ya kamata a tsabtace su;
- kauce wa wuraren da ruwan karkashin kasa yake kusa da farfajiya
- yadda ya kamata a shirya rami mai saukowa.
Don yin itacen girma da karfi kuma ya kawo yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana bada shawara don amfani loamy ƙasa.
Abu mafi mahimmanci a tsarin saukowa shine shiri na ramukan saukowa.
Tun da yawancin Kuibyshev ana daukar su itace itace, yana da bukata shirya rami tare da diamita da zurfin mita 1a nisa mita biyar baya.
An rarraba ƙasa mai ƙurawa zuwa kashi biyu: ƙasa daga kasa (bari mu kira shi lambar ƙasa 1) da kuma ƙasa daga gefen rami (ƙasa lambar 2).
Yi wadannan matakai:
- muna sarrafa rami ta hanyar cire weeds;
- sassauta kasa;
- mun fada barci ƙasa lambar 2;
- ƙara zuwa rami humus, toka da kuma ma'adinai mai ma'adinai a cikin rabo daga 1: 0.8: 1 da kuma Mix;
- mun fada barci kasar gona №1;
- a hankali shuka wani sapling;
- mun daura itacen apple a kan gungumen katako.
Shekaru biyu na farko yana da muhimmanci cewa itacen bishiya ya kasance an rataye shi da fatar katako (yana da kyau a yi amfani da itace ko itacen hazel).
Na gaba shekara bayan saukarwa, a cikin bazara, yana da muhimmanci a Kwancen launi na tsinkayyar itacen apple.
Dole ne a datse iyakar kowane reshe mafi dacewa na farko zuwa hudu zuwa biyar. hana itacen apple daga samar da 'ya'ya (yana da muhimmanci don tattara 80-100% na furanni).
A cikin shekarar farko a Afrilu, tabbatar da hakan Gudun bishiyoyi tare da masu sarrafa kwayoyi.
Wannan hanya ya kamata a yi sau biyu: lokacin da buds fara ƙara a kan rassan da kuma kafin buds Bloom.
Bugu da ari, itacen apple ba ya buƙatar taki na musamman.
Kulawa na farko a farkon shekaru biyar bayan dasa shuki:
- yanyan bishiyoyi don karewa daga rodents da hares (kayan - takarda, lapnik);
- mulching tare da humus pristvolnyh da'irori;
- Tudun ƙasa zuwa tsawo na ashirin santimita.
Dubi bidiyo a kan yadda ake dace da ƙasa na Trunks.
Cututtuka da kwari
Bishiyoyi iri-iri na Kuibyshev suna nuna rashin ƙarfin hali ga cututtuka daban-daban.
Mafi sau da yawa shi ne:
Scab Da farko shi yana shafar ganye na bishiyar, sa'an nan kuma ya motsa zuwa 'ya'yan itace.
Dalilin bayyanar wannan naman gwari shine mafi yawancin lokuta matsanancin iska a cikin kambi na itace ko ƙara yawan zafi.
Sakamakon farko na scab shine bayyanar launin kore-launin ruwan kasa a kan ganyayyaki, har ma a cikin babban adadin kananan launin ruwan kasa, wanda ya kafa ɓawon burodi, spots a kan 'ya'yan itace.
Fruit Rot - Wani cututtuka na irin fungal, wanda ya shiga cikin tsakiyar tayin ta hanyar fashe da raunuka da dabbobi, da iskar ko wata hanya ta halitta a baya.
Alamar farko ita ce bayyanar launin ruwan kasa akan fata na apple, wanda zai yi girma har sai apple ya ɓace.
Mealy dew - wannan cututtuka ne. Alamar halayyar cutar ita ce bayyanar naman gwari na mycelium a cikin farin farin a jikin bishiyoyi.
Yawancin lokaci, cutar tana nuna kanta bayan ruwa sosai. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa a kan itacen daga ƙasa zuwa sama, har sai ya kai hari ga bishiyar.
Gilashin pimples - mafi yawancin sukan taso ne saboda rashin adadin yawan alli a cikin ƙasa, wani nau'i mai yawa na nitrogen mai magani, zafi mai zafi, lokacin girbi, tare da yanayin ajiya mara kyau.
Haka kuma cutar tana nuna kansa a cikin nau'i na launin ruwan kasa da ke bakin ciki kuma yana rinjayar tayin a hanyoyi biyu: a kan itacen da lokacin ajiya.
Babban maganin bishiyoyin apple shine rigakafi.
Mafi yawan matakan da ke kawo tasiri akan cututtuka daban-daban na itacen apple:
- pollination na colloidal sulfur da jan karfe mahadi;
- da amfani da iri dake da tsayayya da cutar;
- lalata abubuwan da aka shafa;
- haɗuwa da potash da phosphorus irin;
- ƙasa ash;
- kafawar kambi;
- ciyar da takin mai magani na potash;
- Calcium chloride spraying a lokacin girma kakar;
- girbi mai dacewa;
- dace ajiyar apples.
Bugu da ƙari, cututtuka, ƙwayoyin kwari suna iya barazana ga itatuwan 'ya'yan itace. Tsarin matakan da aka dauka a kan moriyar ƙwayar mikiya, sapstone, itace apple, hawthorn ko silkworms zai ceci duka bishiyoyi da albarkatu.
Irincin itatuwan apple Kuybyshev yana da kyakkyawar yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma ya kawo 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau tare da darajar nazarin halittu.
Tare da horo na horarwa na musamman sprout a kan kowane ƙasa.
Itacen ba ya buƙatar kulawa na musamman. Matsakaicin matsakaici ga cututtuka.
Idan akwai shan kashi ta hanyar kwari ta hanyar kwari ba ya buƙatar ƙoƙarin da yawa.
