Kayan Apple iri-iri ne mai wakiltar iri-iri-iri iri iri tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ban sha'awa.
Yawan nau'i-nau'i ne mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin kulawa, motsi mai sauri.
Wane irin ne?
Hanyoyin apple itatuwa Rock na da nau'o'in apple itatuwa. Lokacin girbi shine tsakiyar watan Satumba.. Bisa ga duk shawarwarin don ajiya, apples za su iya karya ba tare da lalata ba sai Fabrairu.
Altynai, Idared, Granny Smith, Golden Delicious da Aport suna cikin yanayin hunturu.
Mafi kyawun wuri na adana 'ya'yan itatuwa shi ne wuri tare da ƙananan haske (ko cikakkiyar rashinsa). Dabara cellar, ginshiki. Yanayin zafin jiki zai iya bambanta daga 0 zuwa 6 digiri Celsius.
Ruwan jini
Itacen itacen apple yana da kyau, amma har yanzu ana bada shawara a shuka wasu nau'in hunturu a nan kusa saboda 'ya'yan itace masu cin nasara.
Bayyana dutse dutse
Tsarin iri iri iri na Apple Ya bambanta a cikin manyan masu girma na krone da akwati, amma, duk da haka, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da matsakaicin matsayi.
Tsarin iri iri iri na Apple karfi.
Har ila yau girma girma ya bambanta launin jirgin ruwa Arkad, arewacin Sinap, Arkadik, Cliff.
Halin kambin ya bambanta a cikin lokacin maturation da balaga.
A lokacin da bazuwa da kuma a farkon shekaru na rayuwa, kambin kambi a Cliff shine dala, yayin da yake girma, ƙwayar kore yana girma kuma ɓangaren ƙwallon ya zama ƙara yadawa.
Babban rassan suna rassan, sau da yawa girma a wani m kwana daga gangar jikin. Launi na haushi na manyan rassan - launin ruwan kasa, duhu.
Tsarin bishiyoyi a kan bishiya ne babba, siffar kowannen ganye yana takaitacciyar tsinkaye, yana shaguwa. Launi - kore, matte surface, akwai wrinkles.
Matsakaicin matsakaicin nau'in 'ya'yan itace guda - 125 grams. Wani lokaci ana samun 'ya'yan itatuwa 280, amma har yanzu girmansu ana daukan matsakaici.
Dukkan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da nau'i mai nau'i. Cikon apples tare da launin lemun tsami mai laushi, kamar yadda yake ba da launi, launin muni yana fitowa a cikin nau'i na ratsi. Ana nuna alamar 'ya'yan itacen. A 'ya'yan itãcen dutse, ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa.
Kullin, kamar mafi yawan apple iri, yana da tsayi, matsakaici a cikin tsararru da kuma tsararru. Yana dandana m, m-mai dadi da m.
Tarihin kiwo
Apple iri-iri an kafa shi a tashar tashar kaya na Samara.
Shekarar lokacin da aka fara amfani da sahun farko na Cliff ya zama 1977. A yanzu Cliff yana har yanzu a mataki na jarrabawa gwaji.
A shekarar 2005 an hade shi a cikin Jihar Registre don yankin tsakiyar Volga.
Ƙasa da rarraba yankin
An rarraba a rarraba a yankin tsakiyar Volga. Na gode wa tauraron hunturu, yana da kyakkyawar la'akari da girma a yankunawanda ke da alamar sanyi. Found a cikin Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus.
Yawo
Hanyoyin bishiyoyi iri-iri ne suna samar da fruiting.. Tun lokacin da aka fara amfani da 'ya'yan itace, suna da' ya'ya a kowace shekara.
A m balaga daga cikin 'ya'yan itace kai Satumba 15-20. A cikin shekaru farko na 'ya'yan itace, karuwar yawan amfanin gona, a 9-10 a shekara bayan dasa shuki itace, yawan amfanin bishiyar ya kai kimanin 80 a kowace hectare.
A tsohuwar, da Beauty na Sverdlovsk, Lobo, Kuibyshevsky da Winter Beauty kuma dauke high-samar da gwaggwabar riba.
Dasa da kulawa
Apple Tree Cliff yana bukatan kulawa da shekara. Domin sapling don fara samar da amfanin gona mai yawa, dole ne a bi wasu shawarwari kaɗan don kula da dasawa.
Ana shuka bishiyoyi ko dai a spring ko kaka. Wadannan yanayi biyu sun fi dacewa da tsarin sarrafa sabon wuri.
Idan ka shuka itacen apple a cikin bazara, lokacin da aka bada shawarar shine: tsakiyar watan Afrilu - tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Idan a cikin fall, babu wasu ƙuntatawa a kan watanni, amma akwai daya muhimmin yanayin: saukarwa ya kamata a yi aƙalla makonni biyu kafin farkon farkon sanyi.
Seedlings, wanda shekaru ne shekaru biyu, kafin dasa su taqaitaccen zuwa 80 cm, idan tsawon daga tushen ne kasa da 40 cm, za ka iya rage girman. Tsarin tsarin da ba a dage shi ba zai iya samar da matakan da ake bukata tare da babban kambi.
Zadrenazhiruyte wurin zama. Shirya rami mai saukowa. Rarrabe ƙananan da ƙananan yadudduka na ƙasa, wani ɓangare na manya na sama wanda ya hade tare da gauraye da taki (humus, takin mai magani ma'adinai), ya zuba cikin kasa na rami a cikin tsauni.
Sanya seedling a kan kafa mound, a kusa da apple itacen, drive a cikin peg kuma fara sannu a hankali cika rami rami. Za a iya yin amfani da kwanciyar hankali kadan don ingantaccen itace a cikin ƙasa.
TAMBAYA: Tabbatar cewa ba'a binne wuyan wuyansa ba, sai dai juya zai iya farawa.
Watering
A farkon shekaru na rayuwar seedling dole ne a kula da hankali sabõda haka, da dutse sami dama adadin danshi.
Idan akwai yanayin zafi da bushe, itacen ya kamata ya kasance da yawa kuma yana ba da ruwa a kai a kai. Ya kamata a yi watering guda a cikin adadin kusan buckets na ruwa guda uku.
Don kada damu damu akai game da ƙasa busasshiyar ƙasa, dasa itace da sod ko murfafan murka a kusa da shi - zasu iya ci gaba da noma a kusa da tushen tsarin seedling.
Pruning
Kowace shekara tun farkon lokacin bazara, wajibi ne don taƙaita harbe-harbe a cikin shekara ta kusan kimanin kashi ashirin. Har ila yau, wajibi ne a cire dukkan wuraren da aka lalace, fashe, da wuri a cikin hunturu.. A lokacin flowering, itatuwan 'ya'yan itace sun yanke wani ɓangare na launi (2-3 na 5 furanni za a iya hagu) don' ya'yan itatuwa mafi kyau.
Dukkan rassan da suke girma a cikin kambi dole ne a cire su.
Cire lalata yankunan da rayayyun halittu ke rabu, in ba haka ba cutar ba zai iya shiga cikin raunuka.
Lafiya
Duk da yake itacen yana matashi, a hankali ya lalata dukkanin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda suke girma cikin sashin tushen tsarin. Kowane kaka, kafin farkon hunturu, a hankali tattara ganyen da suka fadikuma a lokacin girbi - cire m don amfani da sayarwa daga ƙarƙashin itacen.
Gaskiyar ita ce idan kun yarda da ragowar sassa don ci gaba da hunturu a ƙarƙashin itace, zasu iya zama wuri mai laushi don kwayoyin cututtuka, musamman ma yawancin kwayar 'ya'yan itace - scab.
Cututtuka da kwari
Saboda haka, bari mu sauka don nazarin cututtuka wanda wannan nau'in ya nuna rashin rauni.
Scab
Itacen apple na laka Rock yana da matukar tsayayya ga scab, amma ba cikakke rigakafi ba. Scab yana yadawa ta hanyar dajiwanda ke ci gaba da bunkasa a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka wuce.
Spring bar matasa ganye. Suna samar da hasken haske na launin rawaya, wanda ke da haske mai haske. Bayan da abin ya shafa ya bushe, cutar tana rinjayar ovaries, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kuma buds.
Jiyya: mafi sau da yawa Masu amfani da kayan lambu suna amfani da ruwan kaka tare da urea bayani, wanda aka sanya bayan itace ya bar dukkan ganye, kuma mai kula ya cire su a hankali. Har ila yau, ƙwayoyi na musamman, irin su Skora, Bordeaux ruwa da Cumulus, ana amfani da su a wasu lokuta da lalacewa.
Kwallon crab
Haka kuma cutar ba ta da yawa, amma mafi hatsari fiye da scab. Yana sau da yawa a yanayin zafi.
Ƙwararrawar motsi shine naman gwari wanda yake haifar da tsarin juyawa akan haushi da gangar jikin da kuma manyan rassan.
Bayyanawar nama a cikin nau'in ulcers ko growthswanda zai iya "busa" ruwa. Idan ba a cire wuraren da abin ya shafa ba, haushi yana fara exfoliate, cutar ta shiga cikin itace. Idan kamuwa da cutar kanji, itacen bishiya ba tare da magani zai iya rayuwa aƙalla shekaru uku ba.
Jiyya: don maganin cutar, an cire wuraren da aka shafa, kuma an wanke kalmomin da aka raba tare da ruwa na Bordeaux ko farar lambu. Yanke rassan rassan da aka lalace kuma an ƙone su a waje da gonar.
A cikin applecin carcinoma, wuraren da aka shafa basu kara girma ba kuma basu dawo ba.
Mealy dew
Rashin kamuwa da fungal, wanda yake nunawa a cikin samar da takarda mai "powdery", wanda aka saba ganewa a matsayin gurbataccen lalata.
Bugu da ƙari samun launin baki, ganye ya bushe har ya fadi, kuma cutar tana hana hallaka ɓangaren jikin.
Jiyya: Cire duk wuraren da ke fama da cutar, ganye.
Rushe yankunan da rabuwa da kaciya.
Bayan zalunta itace tare da maganin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi "Topaz" a madadin 2 ml da guga na ruwa.
Bayan kammalawa, kana buƙatar aiwatar da ruwa na Bordeaux.
Cika kimanin 5-6 cm na tsantsa a tsakanin taki da taki da tushen su domin tushen su hana kai tsaye kai tsaye tare da taki.
Kada ka manta da yin rigakafi da kwari. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya samun itatuwan inabi a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau, asu, apple moth, silkworms da haws. Yadda za a rabu da su, karanta mutum labarin mu shafin.
Idan ka shawarta zaka fita don sabanin dutse, don Allah san cewa ba zai ba ka wata matsala ba. Tsayayya da scab, da jurewa yanayin zafi mara kyau, zai jimre har ma da sanyi mafi sanyi kuma zai ji dadin ku da girbi mai kyau da bishiyoyi masu kyau.
