Sunan shuka, Crassula, an fassara shi daga Latin as mai. Wannan shi ne sunan da ya fi dacewa, mai kulawa, wanda ya samu karba saboda lokacin farin ciki da kuma mai tushe. Jade sune daban-daban: shahararru da shekara-shekara, shuke-shuken herbaceous da shrubs.
Mafi yawancin daga Afirka, wasu nau'in suna Australiya da tsibirin Tasmania. A gida yana tsiro ne a wuraren da ke kan iyaka.
Crassula yana shahararrun magoya bayan shuke-shuke. Mafi yawan al'ada a cikin gida floristry - Crassula Portulacus. Ta ƙaunaci ga kayan ado, cike da sauri da rashin kulawa. Bugu da kari, yawancin imani suna hade da wannan shuka.
Halaye na Cracula Portulacus
Bar
Tsayayye yana da kyau, jiki, dan kadan kaɗan zuwa ga tsakiyar. A cikin nau'i yana kama da ellipse, mai haske mai haske, haske.
Barrel
M, yana raguwa a tsawon shekaru kuma zai iya kai har zuwa 30 cm a diamita.
Girma
Yana girma da sauri, zai iya kai har zuwa mita 2 a tsawo. Wadannan samfurori suna bushe, da bishiyoyi kamar harbe.
Lifespan
Mata masu zaman rayuwa na dogon lokaci, har zuwa shekaru 10-15. Sau da yawa akwai tsofaffin kofe.
Flowering
Fure-tsire-tsalle-tsalle ne. Wadannan sune guda ɗaya, wanda ba a sani ba, fararen fata. A cikin yanayin ɗakunan kusan ba furanni ba.
Girma Portulakova a gida
Gidan dakuna suna cikin ɗakunan da aka ware da kuma cikin kwalaye a cikin wani abun da ke ciki tare da wasu masu taimakawa. Za a iya girma a matsayin bonsai.
Dasa da kuma dasawa bayan sayan
Kamar kowane kayan shuka konamental, Crassoul ya kamata a daidaita shi da sabon yanayin. Saboda haka, kawo shi daga shagon, don ɗan lokaci an ajiye shi a tsohuwar sayan ƙasa.
Bayan makonni 1-2, an cire tsire-tsire daga cikin tukunyar fasaha, ta girgiza ƙasa kuma an dasa shi cikin cikin kayan da aka shirya, bayan da ya shirya tukunyar kwalliya a kasa na tukunya.
Ba a ci gaba da tushen tsarin tsarin kayan abinci ba, don haka sun dauki shi m tukwane. Ana saita shuka a tsakiya kuma a hankali an kara shi daga kowane bangare. Ruwa da wuri don 'yan kwanaki a cikin wuri mai sanyi, kariya daga hasken rana. Sa'an nan kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dindindin. A nan gaba, ana shuka shuka ne kawai idan ya cancanta, idan tushen ya zama maƙara.
Ground
Mace mai karfin ba ta buƙatar ƙasa, kamar yadda aka samo shi a cikin ƙasa mara kyau a gida. A substrate ne mai sauki shirya daga daidai rabbai na turf ƙasar, humus da yashi. Duk wannan yana da amfani don haɗuwa tare da kananan ƙwayoyin gawayi.
Watering
Mace mai daɗi yana son yawan abinci, amma a cikin lokaci tsakanin irin wannan furotin dole ne ya bushe gaba ɗaya. A cikin hunturu, ana rage gurasar kuma, kafin a dasa shuki a bayan shukawa, jira biyu zuwa kwana uku.
Humidity
Crassula yayi girma sosai tare da yanayin zafi don Apartments, amma ba za'a iya ajiye shi a kusa da batura ba a yayin kakar zafi. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 7-10, yana da amfani ga mace ta shirya ruwan sha mai tsabta.
Da takin mai magani
Ana ciyar da abinci a lokacin rani sau daya a wata, Ya dace da wannan taki don cacti. Ba kamar yawancin furen gida ba, an yi amfani da launi a cikin hunturu, sau ɗaya a wata, amma a cikin rabin kashi na taki.
Yanayin haske
Crassula portulacata yana rayuwa mai ban sha'awa a cikin kudu maso yammaci ko kudancin taga. Ba ma bukatar a kiyaye shi daga rana. Yana jure shading haske. Zai iya zama mai zurfi a cikin dakin lokacin da hasken hasken wuta.
Yanayin ƙararrawa
Crassula yayi girma cikin yanayi a wurare tare da tsananin zafi. Sabili da haka, bazai yarda da karfi mai sauƙi a cikin zazzabi, 20-25 digiri a lokacin rani da kuma 12-15 a cikin hunturu zai zama mafi kyau ga shi. A yanayin zafi mai yawa, mace mai laushi tayi ganye, kuma a cikin sanyi, asalinta suna lalata.
Pruning
Don samar da kyau lush daji tsunkule saman shuka.
Tsarin hanyoyi
Cuttings
Cizon ƙanshi baya haifar da matsaloli. Hanyar da aka fi sani shinegrafting. A cikin idon ruwa, an yanke cututtuka kuma an bushe a lokacin rana. Sa'an nan kuma kafe. Ana iya yin wannan a cikin ruwa, kuma zaka iya sakawa a cikin ƙasa mai rigar ƙasa kuma ka rufe ta da gilashin gilashi. Idan cuttings kafe a ruwa, an dasa su a ƙasa bayan bayyanar tushen.
Mace mai yaduwa shine sauƙaƙa yaduwa da takarda. Hanyar daidai daidai yake da haifuwa ta hanyar cuttings. Ana raba ganye daga iyayen iyalai, an sanya shi cikin ƙasa mai laushi kuma an rufe shi da kwalba. Ya kamata a buɗe a kai a kai don fitar da tsire-tsire kuma kawar da condensate wanda ya tara akan gilashi. Anyi wannan hanya daidai lokacin da aka sare cuttings. Wani sabon shoot ya bayyana a tushe na ganye. Tsohon takarda an saka shi a hankali ne kawai bayan bayyanar nau'i daban-daban a kan sabon shuka.
Tsaba
Kwayoyin ƙwayoyin Crassula suna da wuya a yada su da tsaba, ba a samu tsaba a gida ba, ba a samu su a kasuwa ba. Idan har yanzu yana yiwuwa, ana shuka tsaba a cikin wani m tasa a kan rigar rigar da kuma rufe shi da gilashi.
Kwayoyin suna tsiro a cikin makonni biyu, a lokacin da ake amfani da kasar gona a kullum, ana yin gyaran dasa, da kuma gilashi an cire shi a kai a kai. Bayan da biyu ko uku ganye bayyana, da seedlings ana shuka su ne a cikin tukwane tukwane.
Cututtuka da kwari
- Babban cututtuka na nama mai nama yana hade da lahani a kulawa:
- Tushen lalacewa: yana faruwa ne saboda ƙwaya da ƙwayar ƙasa a ƙananan zafin jiki; da shuka ana shuka shi cikin wani sabon wuri ko sanya shi a dakin dumi;
- Wilting da wrinkling ganye: yana faruwa tare da wuce haddi na danshi; rage watering, dashi idan ya cancanta;
- ƙaddamar da harbe da kuma faduwa ganye: daga rashin haske; sanya a kudu ko kudu maso yamma windowsill, pritenyaya farko lokaci.
- Kwaro:
- mealybug
- garkuwa;
- gizo-gizo mite
Kolossiyawa suna shawo kan cutar kwari., amma idan wannan ya faru, to, tare da shan kashi a mataki na farko, ana amfani da magungunan gargajiya: wanke da sabulu, saka cikin shawafi na 'yan mintuna, rufe ƙasa tare da fim, shafawa tare da zane da ke cikin vodka. Idan irin waɗannan ayyuka ba su da kambi tare da nasara, to sai ku ci gaba da hanyoyin hanyoyin gwagwarmaya.
A cewar Feng Shui da al'adun gargajiya, wani abincin da zai kawo kayan cikin gida. Saboda haka, an kira shi "itacen kuɗi".
Crassula yana taimakawa wajen rage tashin hankali, fita daga damuwa, yana taimakawa wajen rigakafin cututtukan cututtukan hoto, wanda ke nuna aikin maganin antiviral.
Hotuna
Bugu da ƙari za ku iya samun fahimtar da hoto na Polsyanka Portulakova:
