Daga cikin manyan iri-iri na apple iri ya kamata kula da Orlov. Yana da amfani da yawa da rashin kyawun barin.
Duk da cewa wannan iri-iri ne inganci sabon, da yawa lambu sun gode da shi.
To, menene itace itacen apple? Mene ne aka sanya ta?
Wane irin ne?
Itacen itacen apple "Orlovim" shine daya daga cikin mafi kyau marigayi rani ko farkon kaka apple iri.
Wasu masana sunyi la'akari da shi cikakke, don saukowa a kan mãkirci.
Dangane da tsayayya da tsananin sanyi, wannan nau'i-nau'i na iya girma a ko'ina, ko da yake an bred don girma a yankin Oryol. A ƙarshen shekarun 1990, an zartar da nau'in iri-iri a ko'ina cikin yankin tsakiya na Rasha.
Yawan itatuwan apple da ake kira "Orlovim" sune iri-iri na rani kuma ba su da tsaran ajiya. Yawan lokacin da aka ba shi don sabo ne kwanaki 35-45. Store, zai fi dacewa a firiji.
Sau da yawa, apples na wannan iri-iri suna amfani da aiki: jams, jams, jam, juices.
Kogin Orlovim irin itatuwan apple ne kawai ba a gurbata ba. A gare su, duk farkon lokacin kaka da kuma ƙarshen rani irin itatuwan apple zasu zama mafi kyau pollinators. Mene ne wannan ya saba da sababbin iri-iri?
Description iri-iri Orlov
Hanyar itacen apple don amfanin gonar ya dogara da tsawo da bayyanar itace.
Tree na matsakaici tsawo, sauri girma. Tsarin siffar Crohn, ba lokacin farin ciki ba, tare da tsirrai, rassan bishiyoyi. Daga gangar jikin rassan girma kusan a kusurwar dama. Haushi shine launin ruwan kasa.
Ganye suna zagaye da na bakin ciki, tare da ƙananan bishiyoyi. Ganye yana da matsakaici, haske mai launi da launin rawaya, magunguna suna da kaifi, tayi, tare da gefuna.
Furen suna da kyau sosai, babba, muni, wani lokacin - tsabta mai tsabta.
'Ya'yan itace shine matsakaici, dan kadan mai laushi, nau'i-nau'i-nau'i da ƙananan ƙwayar. An yi nesa da surface.
Fatar jiki mai haske ne, mai santsi, tare da ratsan rawaya mai haske kuma launin ruwan hoda mai sauƙi.
Jiki shine launin launi mai laushi, mai dadi, tare da ƙananan ƙanshi, mikiye, m, tare da haske, mai ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.
Ana jin dadin bishiyoyi don abincin naman kayan dadi.
Hotuna
Hoton itacen apple itacen Orlovim:
Ta yaya wannan iri-iri ya bayyana?
Tarihin kiwo
An rarraba iri iri iri na Orlovim a Cibiyar Harkokin Tsarin Kasuwanci ta Rasha a shekara ta 1977. Sakamakon yunkurin Antonovka tare da tsire-tsire na apple apple SR0523. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi masana kimiyyar Soviet Z. M. Serov, E. N. Sedov, da V. V. Zhdanov.
Babbar amfani da wannan aji shine tazarar hunturu da juriya ga scab.
Ta yaya, ina za ku iya girma wannan irin apple?
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Wannan iri-iri ne aka ci gaba don namo a tsakiyar Rasha. Amma, bayan gwaje-gwajen, zoned da kuma a yankin tsakiyar.
A cikin hunturu mai wuya, Orlovy ya wuce yawancin rani na rani kuma ana iya girma har ma a yankuna tare da gajere yanayin zafi kadan.
Yawanci a Rasha da Belarus.
Bayan 'yan kalmomi game da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Yawo
Orlov - farkon iri-iri. Apple fara farawa bayan shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa. Kyakkyawan apple zai iya samarwa daga 50 zuwa 80 kg. daga itace, balagagge - fiye da kilogiram 100.
Apples sun fara a ƙarshen Agusta, kuma za ku ci su har tsakiyar Oktoba. A amfani da wannan iri-iri ne shekara-shekara fruiting, jure scab da kyau sanyi juriya.
Gyaran dasawa da kulawa mafi kyau zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da ci gaba mai kyau da kuma kyakkyawar ƙwaya daga itacen apple.
Yawan aiki yana da tsawo, tare da shekaru yana ƙaruwa.
Dasa da kulawa
A lokacin da dasa shuki apple iri Orlovy ya bi wasu dokoki.
Kafin dasa, tabbatar da shirya ƙasa kuma zaɓi wuri mafi kyau. "Orlov" itace itace mai matsakaici wanda ba ya son shading.
Bude, ragowar raguwa, da iska mai kyau da kuma haske sun dace da saukowa.
Zaɓi wuri tare da zurfin ruwan teku fiye da 2-2.5 m.
Ya kamata kasar gona ta zama haske, "iska", yafi loamy ko yashi, dan kadan acidic. Tare da taki na yau da kullum za'a iya girma akan yashi.
Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona tana ƙasa kuma an yi ta hankali.
Ana shirya shirye-shiryen dasawa sosai: kimanin kilomita 50 zuwa 60 kuma 1.5 m zurfi. Wata mako kafin dasa shuki, ana amfani da takin gargajiya da kuma ɗan urea mai haɗuwa da ɗakin ƙasa na ƙasa.
Lokacin da dasa shuki ya kamata ya kauce wa lalacewar asali da kuma zurfafa kima daga tushen abin wuya.Kada ka manta game da peg don tallafawa seedling. An saka kullun a kudancin itacen kuma an rataye shi a jikin kututture tare da igiya mai taushi.
Bayan dasa shuki, ana shayar da seedling da alheri.
Tabbatar sanya wuri kusa da irin pollinators.
A cikin shekara ta farko bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire ba su yi saman miya ba. A shekara mai zuwa, a cikin bazara, ana amfani da takin mai magani nitrogen tare da adadin phosphorus-potassium da takin mai magani. A cikin kaka kayan aikin kwalliya sun dace.
Zaka iya ciyar da itacen apple ta hanyar spraying, wanda zai taimaka wajen kauce wa kwari.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani a ƙasa mai haske, da ma'adinai - a kan masu nauyi.
Idan babu ruwan sama, sun shayar da itacen bishiyoyi sau 3-4 a wata. Bayan dafafa ƙasa a hankali ya rabu. An dakatar da watin tsakiyar watan Agustan kuma an shirya itacen don hunturu.
Orlovym baya buƙatar tsari daga sanyi, amma don kariya daga rodents, zaka iya kunshe da akwati tare da kayan rufewa na musamman ko amfani da whitewash.
A ƙarshen kaka, zaku iya aiwatar da mahimmancin gefe, don ƙarin kariya daga sanyi.
Ana gudanar da pruning a kowace shekara, a farkon bazara. Aduning tsufa - kamar yadda ake bukata. A farkon shekara bayan dasa shuki pruning ba a gudanar.
Apple iri-iri Orlovim ba cutar da scab baDuk da haka, yana iya shan wahala daga sauran cututtuka da kwari. Yadda za a magance shi?
Cututtuka da kwari
Orlov ne mai cuta-resistant apple iri-iri. Wani lokaci ana iya shafa shi da powdery mildew, cytosporosis da 'ya'yan itace rot. Matakan sarrafawa: pruning lalace rassan da spraying tare da shirye-shirye na musamman (Bordeaux cakuda ko jan ƙarfe cuprum).
Sau da yawa, Orlov yana fama da asu da aphids. Don magance wadannan kwari, wajibi ne a rika bi da ita da kuma sassauta da'irar mai tushe, tsabtace ganye mai bushe da kwari.
Da iri-iri na apple Orlovim cikakke ne ga masu ƙwayar maƙara.
Ba ya buƙatar wani kokari a lokacin kulawa, yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da giraguwa, yana da dandano mai kyau.
Daga cikin iri-iri iri-iri na irin itatuwan apple, watakila shine mafi kyau.
