Da yawa iri rhododendrons (azaleas)girma a cikin shakatawa da kuma lambuna a lokacin rani na furanni an rufe shi da kaya mafi kyawun furanni - cream, ruwan hoda, mai launi, rawaya, orange - wanda gaske yana nufin ya zama girgije wanda ya zauna na dan lokaci a kan lawns.
Akwai wasu 'yan siffofin samfurori na waɗannan tsire-tsiren da suka bunkasa daidai a yanayin yanayin tsakiyar.
Saukowa
Bambanci da wuri na zaɓi
Don namo a fagen fili yana da shawara don zaɓar nau'in iri-iri na hunturu.
Don shuka rhododendron, ya fi kyau a zabi jagorancin arewacin shafin, wanda hasken rana ke haskakawa da safe da maraice.
Tsarin wuri ya kamata ya bar sararin samaniya a sama da bude wuta, amma a cikin tsakar rana ba sa ido mai haske ya kamata ya fada a kanta - kamar dai a cikin gandun daji mai ban sha'awa.
Dole mafi kusa da makwabta na rhododendron-azaleas ya zama itatuwa tare da tushen tushen tsarin - Pine ko larch.
Idan nan kusa akwai bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire, wanda tushensu ya kasance a ƙasa, za su hana sapling na lada da abinci mai gina jiki.
A irin waɗannan lokuta, rami mai saukowa yana buƙatar saka shi da polyethylene ko yin rufi.
Idan ruwan ƙasa yana da mita daga ƙasa ƙasa kuma ƙasa - don dasa shuki kana buƙatar zaɓin shafin yanar gizo mafi girma.
Saukowa lokaci
Mafi kyawun lokaci don dasa shuki a bude ƙasa - lokacin bazara, daga Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar watan May (kafin flowering fara) da kuma kaka, daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba. Ana iya dasa bishiyoyi a cikin rani-rani, ba tare da lokaci na flowering da makonni biyu bayan shi ba.
Ƙasa
Babban bukatun da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona: isa friability da sinadaran darajar, amsa acid.
Don tabbatar da irin wadannan halaye, buckets takwas na peat, buckets biyu na sod sodium da buckets guda biyu na yashi.
Yadda za a yi haka?
Tsarin siffofin faɗuwar ruwa: zurfin - 40 cm, diamita 60 cm.
Ana sanya Layer Layer (pebbles, rubble ko brick yaƙi), an zuba ƙasa mai tsabta (yana da amfani don zuba karin 30-50 g na hadaddun ma'adinai da takin mai magani, ba dauke da alli, ko chlorine) da kuma tsabtace shi, sa'an nan kuma tono fitar da rami mai saukowa don sapling. Kafin dasa shuki, tushensa yana nutsewa cikin ruwa kuma ya kasance a can sai an sake sakin iska.
Sa'an nan kuma sanya tsire-tsire, cika rami tare da cakuda ƙasa, tamping shi ƙasa kuma tabbatar da cewa wuyansa wuyansa yana jawo tare da farfajiya na duniya.
Bayan dasa, ana gudanar da ruwan sha kuma yafa masa ƙasa a kusa da "sabon gida" tare da ganye na Pine ko peat, itacen oak.
Idan akwai wasu buds a kanji, wasu daga cikin su ya kamata a cire su don shuka zai jagorantar manyan dakarun zuwa girke, kuma ba flowering.
Idan ya cancanta, zaka iya samar da takaddun talla guda ɗaya, sa'an nan kuma, lokacin da aka yarda da shuka, an cire talla.
Don sassauta ƙasa kada ta kasance, saboda tushen tsarin ba shi da zurfi kuma tushen lalacewa yana iya lalace.
Ajiyar filin kula
Ana shirya don hunturu
A watan Nuwamba, tsarin tushen yana warmed, watsar da launi na peat a kusa da da'irar pristvolnom.
A cikin yankunan dake da tsire-tsire masu zafi, manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa iri-iri iri suna kwance a ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da busassun bishiyoyi da furanni na fir.
Young bushes na Evergreen iri rufe tare da spruce rassan gaba daya.
Watering da spraying
Ganye yana buƙatar zafi mai zafi, saboda haka yana buƙata a shayar da shi a kai a kai, tare da ruwa mai laushi, zai fi dacewa da narkewa ko ruwan sama. Kuna iya laushi ruwa don ban ruwa ta wurin sanya wasu kintsi na peat a ciki har rana daya. A kwanakin zafi da bushe, tabbatar da yada shi akai-akai tare da ruwa mai laushi. A cikin kaka, idan akwai ruwan sama kadan, sai suyi karin ruwa - guga na ruwa a karkashin kowane daji.
Top dressing
Janar aikace-aikace Ana amfani da takin mai magani a kowace shekara ko kowane shekaru biyu (dangane da yanayin shuka): an kawo guga takin da guga guga a cikin rami.
A cikin manyan hanyoyi na ci gaba Yara matasa sunyi tallafi da wadannan feedings:
A farkon Yuni, a tsawo na flowering: a tablespoon na potassium sulfate da kuma yawan adadin urea suna narkar da a cikin guga na ruwa.
A tsakiyar Yuni, zuwa ƙarshen flowering: wani bayani na wannan maida hankali: wani tablespoon na potassium sulfate da daidai adadin taki na shuke-shuke flowering a cikin guga na ruwa.
A ƙarshen flowering, a karshen Yuni, wani zane-zane na superphosphate da nauyin potassium sulfate suna zuga a cikin guga na ruwa.
Girma da kuma pruning
Rhododendrons suna cike da su, a matsayin mai mulki, kawai dan kadan, tun da ƙananan su suna samar da kambi na daidai. Duk da haka, wasu lokuta wajibi ne don cire dusar ƙanƙara ko raunana, sake sake tsohuwar shuka.
Idan diamita daga cikin rassan ya fi 2 cm, ana yanka su da lambun lambun.
Ciki mai sanyi da sanyi ko tsofaffi kofe an yanke shi zuwa tsawo na 30-40 cm sama da ƙasa a matakai biyu: na farko da rabi, da na gaba shekara - sauran.
Pruning ne da za'ayi a farkon spring da kullum saka safofin hannu: rhododendron ganye su ne guba!
Don tsawanta flowering da inganta girma, dole ne a karya rumbun furanni.
Flowering
Launi na furanni-mai launin fuka-fure-fure, siffar su, girmansu, terry, girman nau'o'in ƙwayoyin cuta, godiya ga nasarar zaɓuɓɓuka, suna da bambanci mai ban mamaki. A'a, watakila, kawai azaleas-rhododendrons tare da launi mai launi mai tsabta na furanni. Furen iri iri da dama yana tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.
Yawancin rhododendrons suna da tsawon lokaci na tsawon makonni 2-3 a kowace fall. Ƙarshen watan Mayu shine tsakiyar watan Yuli.
Akwai iri da baya (a watan Afrilu) da daga baya (a Yuni) flowering, da maimaitawa (ba kowace shekara) furanni a kaka.
Rashin ajiya mara kyau ko rashin shi zai iya haifar da mummunar yanayi: rashin lafiya mai ƙasa, haske mai tsanani, rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Bugu da ƙari, tare da aikace-aikacen wuce gona da iri na nitrogen da takin mai magani, tsire-tsire, da mummunar flowering, yana ƙarfafa murfin launi.
Shuka lambun shrubs
A shuka za a iya propagated by laborious iri, da vegetatively - cuttings da layering.
Tsarin iri
Shuka substrate ya ƙunshi peat da yashi a cikin adadin yawa. A cikin bazara, kananan bishiyoyi na rhododendron suna warwatse a kan fuskarsa mai tsabta kuma an rufe shi da filastik. Greenhouse dauke da digiri 20, iska da moisturize da substrate. Lokacin fitowar seedlings, a matsayin mai mulki, yana da makonni 3-4.
Lokacin da na farko na gaskiya ganye girma, Ana shuka itatuwan da yawa, yadada su a lokaci guda zuwa cotyledonsdon ƙarfafa ci gaba da tsarin tushen.
Bayan haka, matasan shuke-shuke sun ƙunshi a zazzabi daga 8 zuwa 12 digiri da kuma ƙasa mai haske daga 16 zuwa 18 hours, wanda aka halitta by rabin haske. Shayar ta cikin kwanon rufi.
A watan Yuni, seedlings suna zaune a ƙasa sau da yawa kuma sun sake girma.
Yanayin hunturu bazai tashi sama da digiri 18 ba. A cikin bazara, ƙananan bishiyoyi suna zaune a nesa da 3-4 cm daya daga ɗayan, amma kawai a shekara ta uku za su kasance a shirye su sauko cikin ƙasa.
Cuttings
Don wannan hanyar yaduwa, ana amfani da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsalle, daga abin da aka yanke 5-8 centimeters cuttings. An sanya sassan ƙananan a cikin wani bayani mai girma stimulator na tsawon sa'o'i 12-16. Sa'an nan kuma ana shuka su a cikin akwati tare da ruwan magani mai haske kuma an rufe su da filastik.
Air fitar, kula da danshi. Rigin yana daukan lokaci mai tsawo (har zuwa watanni 3) kuma baya ci nasara. Girma kafe cuttings a cikin cakuda peat da Pine needles; suna mamaye cikin gida, a zafin jiki kimanin digiri 10. A cikin bazara an ƙara su a ƙasa a cikin kwalaye masu saukarwa, kuma a karshe sun dasa akalla shekara guda daga bisani.
Shiryawa
A cikin bazara, rassan reshen da aka zaɓa ya durƙusa a ƙasa, gyarawa, ya kara da dropwise kuma shayarwa, guje wa lalacewar damuwa. Lokacin da sabon ƙananan harbe ya bayyana, za'a raba raƙuman.
Cututtuka da kwari
A cikin yanayi mai kyau, cutar baya shafar shuka.
Fungal spotting - sakamakon ci gaba a cikin ƙasa mai yaduwa. Don kawar da shi, inganta ingress na danshi da kuma aiwatar da magani tare da jan karfe sulphate ko bordeaux ruwa.
Idan akwai isasshen nitrogen da potassium, lokacin da damshin ya dashi, gauraye chlorosis - ganye juya launin rawaya tare da aibobi. A wannan yanayin, kawar da lalacewa mai zurfi, samar da magudi da kuma yad da shuka tare da tsarin sulfate ferrous: 7.5 g da lita na ruwa.
Red spots tare da veins a kan ganye ya bayyana tare da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Amfani da ammonium da takin mai magani ko potassium nitrate zai gyara halin da ake ciki.
Bayan karfi mai sanyi a kan unopened shuka bar mutu a kashesabili da haka, ba abu mai kyau ba ne don cire hunturu tsari daga foliage ko spruce rassan ma a farkon.
A cikin bude ƙasa a kan rhododendron iya daidaita irin wannan kwari kwari: rhododendron bug, gizo-gizo mite, Asiya lambu karu. Matakan tsaro - spraying diazinon.
Mealybug Daga gare ta sauƙaƙe spraying karbofosom.
Furrowed weevil. Hakan ya taimaka karbofos, da basudin, diazinon da furadan.
Namanin-miner-diger-winged mole-miner. A cikin wannan yanayin ana yin fumigated da sulfur.
Bugu da kari, gonar azaleas na iya ci slugs da katantanwa. Irin wannan "baƙi" ne kawai aka tattara, kuma a matsayin prophylaxis, ana kula da ƙwayoyi tare da fungicide.
Kula da "launin ruwan hoda" (an fassara shi daga kalmar Hellenanci "rhododendron"), rike da ruwa da ruwa mai buƙatar da ake bukata, yayin da ake ciyar da waɗannan tsire-tsire a cikin lokaci, zaku iya sha'awan kowane rani da yawan albarkatun su, wanda a cikin shekarun suka kara girma - kamar gidajen shahararrun Leonardsley.
Hotuna
Duba karin hotuna na rhododendron a gonar:
