Da farko ya bayyana a Turai kimanin shekaru 400 da suka shige, orchid ya fara daukan masu shuka furanni tare da kyakkyawar kyan gani. Ƙananan yara da masu fama da kwarewa ba su yi tunanin yadda za su kula dasu ba. Amma a tsawon lokaci, orchids sun dauki tushe ba kawai a cikin greenhouses, amma har a kan taga sills. Akwai nau'in jinsin wannan furen na wurare masu zafi. Yau za kuyi koyi game da wata orchid mai ban mamaki, yadda za'a kula dashi, yadda za a dasa shi, da kuma yadda za'a magance cututtuka.
Mene ne wannan fure?
Ganye kochids sune tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.Dabbobi daban-daban suna girma a duk wurare masu tasowa, amma sau da yawa a ƙasashe masu tasowa da matsanancin yanayi. Yawancin haka, an samo wasu nau'o'in koren orchids da aka bayyana a ƙasashen Kudu da Tsakiya, da Asiya.
Bayyanar
Green orchids duba m, mutane da yawa suna jin tsoron girma su a gida. Amma furanni suna girma sosai a kan taga. Green orchid ne wakili na iri-iri iri-iri, kowannensu yana da nasarorin halayen waje.
Green - Phalaenopsis da Cymbidium orchids. Color, size, yawan buds, tsayi tsawon ya dogara da iri-iri iri-iri.
Waɗanne iri dake da haske?
Green ne wani inuwa mai ban mamaki na furanni, kusan ba a samuwa a yanayin ba. Ganye na iya zama orchids irin wannan iri:
- Amalfi da Bellina, mai launi mai launin rawaya-kore tare da launi mai laushi.
- Haske koreViolacea alba.
- Sunrise Goldmour da creamy kore petals.
- Paphiopedilum lawrenceanum ko Venerin Slippers tare da farin da kore veins.
- Soft kore Cattleya Bowling4.
- Lute-Forb tare da haske launin toka-launin toka.
- Cymbodium Sessa Green Beauty daga wannan jerin shine mafi kyau, launi mafi kyau.
Hotuna
Green orchids duba sabon abu. Dubi alamar ban mamaki a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.
Tarihin kiwo
Ƙananan orchids da aka kawo zuwa Turai sun rasa - a wancan lokacin lambu ba su san yadda zasu kula da su ba. Amma tun daga tsakiyar karni na 19, buƙatar furanni ya karu sosai har ya isa bai shigo ba. Ƙwayar orchid daga tsaba to ba ta san yadda za a yi girma ba - ba a gurbata furanni ba, kuma ba a yarda da kwari ba.
Sa'an nan kuma hanyar hanyar hybrids ta samo asali ta hanyar hanyar pollination - don haka zaka iya sarrafa dabi'un ka. A yau, ƙoƙarin daruruwan masana'antu a duniya sun samar da akalla nau'i nau'i 15,000, iri dabam dabam a bayyanar da launi - blue, purple, kore da sauransu.
Fasali na girma a tukunya
Kula
Dole ne ya kamata kulawa da kulawa ta dace.wanda ya ƙunshi irin wannan yanayi na asali:
- Tsarin yaro ya kamata ya mai da hankali - yana da kyau a shafe fiye da zuba. Ruwa ya kamata dumi, tace, amma ba Boiled. Watering yana da kyau bayan kammala bushewa na ƙasa.
- Yaran ya kamata ya sami isasshen haske, amma ba za'a iya bayyana shi ga hasken rana kai tsaye - ya kamata a shaded da tsakar rana. Domin cymbidium, zaɓi gabas, yamma, ko kudu maso yammacin windowsill.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan hasken yana da tsanani sosai, furanni da ganye suna barin launin kore, sun zama rawaya.
- Orchids ne furanni thermophilic. Tsimbadium, ba kamar sauran nau'in ba, yana jure yanayin yanayin zafi - har zuwa 35-38, amma a daren zafin jiki zai rage ta 8-15. A lokacin hunturu da hunturu, yawan zazzabi a dakin da fure ba zai tashi sama da 18 ba.
- Halin zafi yana da mahimmanci. Green orchid ba ya bukatar high zafi - isa 25-30%, wani lokacin za a iya ƙara zuwa 35-40%. Rashin ruwan danshi ba shi da karɓa - iska ta bushe yana sa shuka ta mutu.
Top dressing
Abincin abinci mai kyau na kore orchids yakan faru ne kawai a lokacin lokutan girma na sabon harbe. ba sau da yawa fiye da kowane makonni 3 ba. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da mafita na musamman don takin mai magani. Bugu da ƙari, wani bayani mai mahimmanci zai iya fesa cikin ganyen furen.
Yayinda aka haramta cin abinci da kuma abinci. Kada ku yi watsi da maganin, in ba haka ba zai zama saline. Haka kuma kada ku yi amfani da furanni masu furanni don orchids. A cikin shagon zaka iya sayan takin mai magani: Kornevin, Royal Mix da kuma "World of furanni" Rostagro.
Tashi
Dole ne a sake tsabtace kochids, kamar sauran, daidai. Yi wannan ba fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu ba, sai dai idan akwai wasu takamaiman umarnin wannan - cututtuka na tushen, lahani a cikin maɓallin. Lokaci mafi kyau zai zo lokacin da sabon harbe ya kai 5 cm a tsawon. Hanyar hanyar dasawa ita ce ta saki wani orchid daga tsohuwar matashi, duba da kuma datsa asalinsu, shuka a cikin sabuwar ƙasa. Bayan an dasa shi, kana buƙatar saka ƙwayar orchid a cikin wani wuri mai shaded.
Kiwo
A gida, koren orchid yana yaduwa vegetatively. Don yin wannan, babban shrub ya kasu kashi, kowannensu ya zama akalla uku pseudobulbs. Don kiwo, tsohon pseudobulbs ba tare da ganye kuma dace, wanda raba da germinate dabam. Wannan ya kamata ya faru a zazzabi na 20-28 tare da spraying yau da kullum har sai germs ya bayyana. Bayan haka, an dasa shuka a cikin tukunya.
Tip! Ga masu kula da marasa amfani, ya fi kyau kada ku yi furanni, saboda kuna iya yin lalacewa mai banƙyama ga orchid.
Kwaro da cututtuka
Damage da mutuwar wani orchid za a iya haifar da cututtuka marasa cututtuka da suka haifar da waɗannan abubuwa:
- konewa na ganye saboda hasken rana kai tsaye;
- steaming a cikin wani greenhouse a high zafi;
- overheating ko overcooling fiye da 10 hours;
- rashin haske, rage rigakafi na flower;
- wani wuce haddi ko rashin ma'adanai yana haifar da nauyin orchids zuwa cutar da kuma dakatar da furanni.
Duk waɗannan matsaloli na iya haifar da cututtuka. - fungi, kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Mafi yawan kwari da aka fi sani da orchids shine:
- tufafi;
- mealy cherventsy;
- aphid;
- thrips;
- red pincers;
- whiteflies;
- gizo-gizo gizo-gizo.
Akwai kwari na musamman akan kowane ɗayan su, wanda ya kamata a yi amfani da shi daidai da umarnin da aka nuna a kansu.
Kammalawa
Orchid shi ne tsire-tsire mai ban mamaki. da kanta, kuma kore daga gare su kamar lu'u-lu'u ne daga launi. A rare, sabon abu, kyau, kore orchid ba za a taba watsi. Kula da injin ku sosai kuma ku iya sha'awar kyanta a cikin shekaru.
