Zubar da fari - kyau ornamental shrub, wanda ya ba da kyau ra'ayi na gonar a kowane lokaci na shekara. Yana yi wa shafin da kayan ado mai yawa, da kuma bayan flowering daji ya rufe shi da launin fari ko fari-blue berries.
A cikin kaka, ganye sunyi launin m, kuma a cikin hunturu, red rassan suna ban mamaki akan farin snow. Saboda haka, ana amfani dashi da yawa don samar da shinge a yankin.
Yanayin shimfidar wuri
An yi imani cewa Deren - wata shuka unpretentious. Yana da sauƙi shuka da kulawa da shi, har ma wani mai kula da kayan lambu zai iya kula da ita.
Yakin kwanakin
Mafi sau da yawa yin dasa shuki shuki a cikin fall. Zai zama da shawarar yin wannan kafin farkon yanayin sanyi, don haka shuka yana da lokaci don ƙarfafa da kuma zama cikin sabuwar ƙasa. Bayan hunturu, a cikin bazara irin waɗannan fara farawa da sauri, tun da sun riga sun wuce lokacin dacewa a cikin kaka.
Duk da haka, zaku iya dasa shrubs da spring. A wannan yanayin, an jima shi cikin ƙasa tare da ɓangaren ƙasa a kan tushen tsarin. Wannan zai kare tushen daga lalacewa kuma ya taimakawa tsire-tsire suyi tushe a sabon wuri.
Kodayake lambun sunyi la'akari: ba kome ba a lokacin da aka shuka sod, a spring ko kaka ba zai shafi tasirin shrub ba.
Zabi da kuma shirye-shiryen dasa kayan
Bayan ya yanke shawarar sayan saitunan sod, yana da isa ya tuntuɓi wani kantin kayan musamman ko cibiyar lambu. Amma kana bukatar ka mai da hankali lokacin zabar kayan dasa, domin sayan daidai irin farin turf.
Shin kuna sani? Derain yana nufin iyali dogwood. Akwai nau'i da yawa irin wannan shrub, amma ba dukkanin sun dace da girma a yanayinmu a bude ƙasa ba. Zubar da fari shine babban shrub tare da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa, ja, m rassan. Har ila yau yana da sunaye: m, mai farin fata, farin svidina.
A yau muna sayar da nau'i mai yawa na sod. Zaka iya bayar da kyawawan kyau na bushes tare da launi mai ban mamaki, amma suna da wuya su tsira da yanayin hunturu. Idan kana neman wani abu mai ban sha'awa, kai kawai launi iri-iri, saboda hunturu-hardy.
Daga cikin mafi mashahuri da kuma tabbatar da irin farin turf da ake kira:
- Haske mai haske - yana da ganyayyaki elongated tare da kyakkyawar iyaka, kananan ƙwayoyin cyrescences, duhu rassan rassan.
- Derain farin Siberian iri-iri - ya kalli ganye, rassan rassan rassan furanni, furanni masu furanni, waɗanda aka maye gurbinsu da fari berries, ganye sun zama ja ta kaka.
- Aurea - halin farin berries da rawaya ganye.
- Shpet - an maye gurbin inflorescences tare da farin berries, a cikin hunturu rassan suna da haske ja, ganye suna launin rawaya-kore.
- Kesselring - la'akari da mafi hunturu-hardy. Differs duhu ja rassan, m ganye da fari berries.
Kafin sayen, a hankali duba kowane seedling daga tushe zuwa tip to dauki lafiya shuka ba tare da cututtuka da kwari.
Zabi da kuma shirye-shirye na wani wuri mai saukowa
Bayan ya yanke shawarar dasa wannan shuka, dole ne a yanke shawarar inda za a dasa shukar daji. Yana bunƙasa duka a cikin inuwa da kuma inuwa mai duhu - bana da bukatar hasken rana.
Sabili da haka, an fi da su da yawa tare da fences, blank ganuwar, manyan bishiyoyi. Musamman ma, daji yana da tsaka-tsakin da ke kusa da bishiyar coniferous yana da kyau. Amma duk da haka, ba shi da daraja shiga ciki da kuma dasa shi a cikin inuwa mai inuwa - yana iya rasa sakamako na ado.
Unsophisticated turf da zuwa ƙasa. Idan yana da acidity na al'ada, abun da ke cikin ƙasa ba kome ba ne. Yana da kyau kafe duka a cikin sandstone mai haske kuma a cikin nauyi loam, shi kuma girma da kyau a cikin stony, ƙasa calcareous.
Amma idan kana son kyakkyawan launi da lush harbe, hadaddun taki ko humus ya kamata a yi amfani da ita a rijiyoyin kafin dasa shuki. Har ila yau, ya dace a ciyar da lokaci lokaci. Na gode da takin mai magani na ma'adinai, da inganci mai kyau da kuma kyakkyawar furen ci gaba a kanji. Amma ba tare da kari da shrub ne quite ado.
Derain yana so ya zauna a wuraren da ake ji dadi: a gefen tafkuna, koguna. Sabili da haka, a shafinka, ma, karbi wuri kusa da ruwa ko inda ruwan karkashin kasa ke kusa. A kusa yana wajibi ne don dasa tsire-tsire masu ƙaunar yawan watering. A lokacin rani an shayar da shi akalla sau ɗaya a mako. Sauran lokaci ba za ku iya yin ban ruwa na musamman ba.
Shirin mataki-mataki don dasa shuki seedlings
Saboda haka, ka yanke shawarar inda za a dasa shrubs. Yadda za a yadda ya kamata shuka sod saplings?
- Gwada rami wanda zai zama dan kadan ya fi girman girma fiye da wani nau'i mai launi a kan seedling.
- Zuba cikin shi a cakuda na gina jiki: ma'adinai kari, leaf ƙasa, humus. A wani wuri, Derain zai iya girma har zuwa shekaru 25, don haka yana da muhimmanci a ciyar da shi da farko, sannan kuma a rika ba shi abinci lokaci-lokaci.
- Da kyau kafin a dasa shuki dole ne a shayar da shi sosai, don haka duk abubuwan da ke ciki sun kara.
- Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a shayar da seedling kanta kuma a dakatar da minti 10-15 domin kasar gona ta jiji a cikin danshi.
- Sa'an nan kuma an saka shi a cikin rami, yana ƙoƙarin cutar da tsarin tushen kadan.
- Yanzu rami za a iya yayyafa shi da ƙasa, ta kuma shayar da shayar da ruwa.
White turf kulawa
Ana bukatar kulawa sosai kadan, amma idan kana so ka sami kyakkyawan kyawawan kiɗa, dole ne ka bi ka'idodin tsarin noma. Yaya sauri da farin turf tsiro dogara da iri-iri iri-iri.
Watering da sassauta ƙasa
Idan kun shuka turf a wuri mai kyau, wato, a cikin inuwa mai haske a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, to, bazai buƙatar watering. A cikin bazara da kaka yana da isasshen hazo na yanayi. A lokacin rani, a cikin zafi mai zafi, za'a iya shayar da ita sau daya a mako domin ƙasa a karkashin daji ba ta bushe ba. A wannan yanayin, ba fiye da buckets na ruwa ba a ƙarƙashin kowane tsoho daji.
Young daji yana buƙatar lokaci-lokaci na sassan ƙasa da mulching tare da peat ko humus. Yi amfani da kwakwalwan kwamfuta ko ƙananan bishiyoyi.
Taki da kuma miya bushes
Ba a buƙatar ciyar da turf mai tsanani. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, yana jin dadi akan kowane ƙasa. Amma idan kana so ka sami kyakkyawan daji, yana da kyau don ciyar da shi da lokaci tare da takin mai magani na ma'adinai sau ɗaya a cikin bazara.
Wannan zai isa ga shuka don warkewa bayan hunturu da samun duk abin da ya kamata don ci gaba mai zurfi. A lokacin rani, zaka iya ciyar da karin abinci tare da takin gargajiya ko peat - kimanin 150 g da daji.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin kakar, injin yana da tudu guda biyu na furanni. Na farko shine a watan Mayu - Yuni, kuma na biyu - Agusta - Satumba. A lokacin flowering shrub rufe da corymbose inflorescences cream ko farin. Zazzaɓin inflorescences iya bayyana a cikin tsakiyar lokaci.
Trimming da trimming sod bushes
Wasu nau'in turf har tsawon lokaci zasu iya shimfidawa ta hanyar 50-60 cm, wanda ba zai yi kyau sosai ba. Saboda haka, an bada shawara a yanke da kuma datsa farin turf. Jaddada shi a cikin bazara, cire tsohuwar harbe, don kada su dame da girma. Ana bada shawara a bar su a lokaci guda 15-20 cm na haihuwa daga sama.
Kar ka manta da aiwatar da cuts tare da toka ko carbon kunna da aka kunna, don haka kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta bata shiga cikin tsire-tsire kuma tsari na warkaswa ya yi sauri. Wasu lambu sun bada shawarar pruning da sod a cikin fall domin kada su dame shrub a cikin bazara.
Amma an dasa injin a gonar don rassan rassan da suke ado da gonar a cikin hunturu. Bayan kaka pruning babu abin da zai faranta idanu.
Game da gashin gashi, to amma an yi shi ne don kakar sau biyu ko sau uku, tare da ƙarshen lokacin da ya rage harbe a ƙarshen Yuli. Har sai wannan lokacin, shrub yana ci gaba sosai, amma yana cigaba da karuwa. Idan kana buƙatar likita a gonar, zaka iya ba shi siffar da kake so.
Shiri na matasa farin turf seedlings domin hunturu
Idan farin turf ke tsiro a shafinku, baza ku buƙaci kowane manzo na musamman don shirya shi ba saboda hunturu. Wannan iri-iri yana jurewa sanyi. Idan kuna tsammanin wani hunturu mai sanyi, za ku iya dan kadan ya rufe tushen tare da kowane abu don tsari. Don sauran lokutan, ya isa ya saka matashin snow a kusa da su.
Idan namo turf yana faruwa a cikin yanayin matsananciyar hali ko kuma ka yanke shawara don noma shuke-shuke da rashin tsayayya da sanyi, yana da kyau don cire matasa harbe don hunturu. Don yin wannan, ana binciken su a hankali, tsoma a cikin ginshiki kuma an adana su har zuwa farkon bazara. Da zarar ya karu, sai seedlings sun koma wurin su.
Shin kuna sani? Koma cikin Latin version yana da suna Cornus, wanda ke nufin "ƙaho". Sunan ba abu bace ba ne, tun da yake kullunsa mai nauyi da kuma itace yana kama da ƙaho mai yawa.
Hanyoyi don samar da farin turf
Akwai hanyoyi da dama don samar da fararen farin. Dukkanin tsaba da cutuka sun dace da dasa, amma zaka iya amfani da rassan daga daji.
Cuttings
Cuttings, wato, matasa harbe na turf, za a iya cire a kowace shekara. Amma ba wani reshe da aka yanke daga ita zai zama kayan shuka mai kyau. Don wannan wanda ya kamata ya zabi harbe tare da karfi da lafiya. Wani muhimmin tambaya: a lokacin da za a yanke farin turf. Mafi kyawun lokaci don wannan ana la'akari da bazara da kaka.
Yankewa a cikin rassan ruwa yana bada shawarar da za a fara bi da su tare da wani bayani mai karfi na acid succinic, wanda zai inganta halin da suke ciki yanzu da ci gaba a nan gaba. Ana sanya su a cikin akwati na gina jiki kuma an sanya su a cikin wani gine-gine ko greenhouse.
A lokacin bazara, kallon ci gaban cuttings: duk buds a kansu ya kamata bude sama da ba sabon ganye. A lokacin rani, ana amfani da kayan shayar da ruwa a yau da kullum kuma ana ciyar da su da ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya. By fall, seedlings lafiya tare da karfi tushen tsarin ya kamata girma daga cuttings.
Saplings za a iya cire daga daji a cikin bazara, yankan su daga tushen. Anyi wannan ne a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. An kirar daji ne gaba daya ko dashi.
Sa'an nan kuma zabi rhizome, wanda kafa matasa harbe - tsohon kiwo ba dace. An saki rhizome daga ƙasa kuma ya yanke sashin da ake so tare da kayan da aka warkar.
Za a rarrabe seedlings a cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya, an yi nisa a nesa da 25 cm daga juna. A cikin kowannensu ya kamata a samu cakuda mai gina jiki da takin gargajiya da zasu taimakawa tsire-tsire suyi tushe a sabon wuri, ƙara sabon tushe da asalinsu.
Idan an zaba tsirrai mai kyau, injin zaiyi tushe kuma ya fara tushe sosai da sauri.
Shiryawa
Tun da daji yana da fadada da kyawawan kambi, rassan da aka sauƙaƙe a ƙasa, ana iya yada shi ta hanyar layering. Ko da yake a kan kansu don haka raba daji ba zai iya ba.
Layer tsari a spring, Lokacin da aka zaba wani reshe mai tsawo, sai ya kwanta a kasa kuma yana binne kanta. Tun da kanta kanta ba za ta riƙe a ƙasa ba, ana bada shawara don gyara shi da ƙarfe ƙarfe.
Wurin da reshe ya kasance prikopana, an lakafta shi, wanda zai ba da hankali ga yawancin abubuwan gina jiki a cikinta. Duk lokacin rani dole ne a shayar da kuma ciyar da lokaci.
A cikin bazara ko kaka na shekara mai zuwa, za'a sami tushen asali a kan reshe domin rayuwa ta zaman kanta. Dole ne a raba shi da kyau daga iyaye daji kuma a sake shi zuwa wuri mai kyau. Kodayake hanya ta zama mai sauƙi, mahimmanci suna amfani dashi.
Tsaba
Bayan flowering, a farkon lokacin rani, fararen fata ko launin fure-fure ne aka kafa a wurin turf furanni. A lokacin rani na rana sunada tsaba kuma sun dace da girbi kawai a cikin fall. Saboda haka kana buƙatar tattara kwallaye, cire iri daga su kuma bushe.
Girman ingancin tsaba yana dogara da kulawa da kyau a cikin lokacin rani. Idan ba shi da lafiya tare da wani abu, ba a kawo shi ta hanyar kwari ba, an shayar da shi kuma a ciyar da shi a lokaci, za su sami kashi 100% germination.
Shuka na turf tsaba a bude ƙasa ne da za'ayi a cikin fall nan da nan bayan girbi, kamar a watan Oktoba. A wannan lokaci, iska ba ta da dumi sosai, kuma ƙasa tana rigaya daskarewa da dare. Irin waɗannan yanayi zasu taimaka wajen karfafa tsaba a cikin bazara. Idan ka yanke shawarar shuka su a cikin bazara, da farko ka adana su a yanayin zafi a ƙasa da 5 ° C.
Zubar da farin cikin zane-zane
White turf sosai amfani da shi don yi ado gidãjen Aljanna da kuma na sirri makirci. Yana da kyau sosai a kan gangara, a matsayin mai shinge, a hade tare da wasu bishiyoyi ko a cikin gadaje masu fure masu haɗe. Dasa turf a gonar a matsayin shuka mai kyau, ka tuna cewa berries suna da sha'awar tsuntsaye daban-daban.
Amincewa da kwari da cututtuka
Adult matured daji resistant ga mafi yawan cututtuka. Don haka suna so su yi girma fararen farin. Amma yayin da ya girma, ƙananan ƙananan zai iya bayyana. powdery mildew - Cutar cutar da ta shafi kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire.
Lokaci na kamuwa da cuta shine spring. A wannan lokaci, spores da ke zaune a ƙananan ɓangaren shuka suna fitowa daga tsire-tsire mai naman gwari a ƙasa. Maganin man fetur zai fara yada daga ƙananan rassan shoot, sannu-sannu kai tsaye.
Ganye suna rufe da furen fari, wanda daga bisani ruwa ya bayyana, kuma fararen launin fata suna farawa a kan rassan. Naman gwari kanta yana ciyarwa a kan tsire-tsire na shuka, don haka a tsawon lokaci ya ƙare don yayi furanni, ya bushe, ya bushe ya mutu.
Yanayi mafi kyau ga abin da ya faru na powdery mildew sune canjin yanayin zafin jiki da dogon lokaci mai tsawo da kuma yawancin watering tare da takin mai magani. Girmawa a tushe kuma yana raunana tsire-tsire, yana maida shi ga cututtuka daban-daban.
Saboda haka, don hana powdery mildew, ya kamata a dasa bishiyoyin da suka fi dacewa da juna, domin tushen su da dakin ci gaba. A cikin bazara da kaka, tushen tsarin yana dan kadan.
A lokacin watering, ruwa yana zuba kai tsaye a karkashin tushen domin ruwa ba ya fada akan shuka kanta. A cikin kaka, daga gadon filawa, wajibi ne a cire dukkanin rassan ganye da ciyawa don kada namomin kaza su ciyar da hunturu a can.
Idan an gano alamun farko na cutar, sai a yanke rassan da aka shafa da kuma kone su. Daji ya kamata a fesa tare da duk wani bayani ko disinfecting. Alal misali, mafitaccen bayani na soda ash ko decoction na horsetail.
Kyakkyawan hanya ita ce yayyafa tare da kayan ado na tafarnuwa. Don yin wannan, uku na tablespoons na hakorar hakora suna raguwa cikin guga na ruwa, sanyaya kuma an shuka ta da kayan ado.
Turf kwari ba su da hatsari. Mafi yawancin comma-dimbin yawa garkuwa. Wannan kwari yana so ya zama dutse a jikin ganye. Mata yana da girman har zuwa 1.5 mm, kuma namiji - 0.5 mm. Mata an rufe su da garkuwa, a ƙarƙashin abin da ake sa qwai a lokacin hunturu a kan trunks na bushes.
A yanayin zafi a ƙasa -30 ° C qwai ya mutu. Idan ba su mutu ba, to, a watan Afrilu ne larvae zasu fara fitowa, wanda ke da alaka da kullun da ganye, an rufe shi da fararen launi.
Bayan watanni biyu, mata suna fitowa daga gare su, wanda a cikin wata daya ya cinye dukan daji, kara sau 2.5. Bayan dage farawa qwai a karkashin harsashi, sun mutu. Don qwai zuwa takin, ana buƙatar maza, wanda aka haife shi da wuya, kuma qwai kansu sun zama abincin ga ticks, bedbugs, da gizo-gizo.
Rabu da mu daga wannan kwaro za ka iya, bayan sun bi da bushes tare da kwari (Decis, Kinmiks, Karbofos) a lokacin fita daga ƙarƙashin sassan larvae.
Wani na sauran turf pest ne aphid. Yawanci yakan zama a gefen ganye, buds, wani lokacin a kan mai tushe. Yana da jiki mai tsayi har zuwa 2 mm, tsawon kafafu kuma wani lokacin fuka-fuki.
Bayan hadi, mata zasu sa 150 larvae, kuma zasu iya yin wannan sau da yawa. Sau da yawa mallaka na 'ya'yan itace na' 'yankakken' 'ya'yan itace, suna tattara daga bisan ruwa mai dadi, wanda aphid ya samar, yana shafe tsire-tsire. Daga aphids yana taimakawa wajen magance mafitacin sabulu na launin ruwan kasa, celandine, tafarnuwa, needles, taba ko albasa.
Kodayake cututtuka da cututtuka daban-daban na iya kaiwa Deren hari, cikakkiyar lalacewar wani daji yana da wuya. Yawancin lokaci, matakan gaggawa na farko sun haifar da sakamako, kuma tare da rigakafi mai kyau, ba'a buƙata amfani da su ba. Gaba ɗaya, farin turf shine babban shuka ga lambun, wanda ya dace har ma wa anda basu iya ba da lokaci mai yawa don kula da shafin ba.
