Menene takin mai magani na magunguna suke buƙata lokacin dasa, abin da za a sanya a cikin ɓangaren kwayoyin halitta? M shawarwari

Tumatir - daya daga cikin shuke-shuke da aka fi so a yawancin kauyuka masu rani, kuma babban aikin kowane ɗayan su shine samar da girbi mai yawa.

Dukkan lambu suna da hanyoyi da hanyoyin da aka cimma wannan manufa, wasu sunyi tumatir tare da taimakon kwayoyin kwayoyin, yayin da wasu suke amfani da kayan ma'adinai.

Wannan labarin zai taimaka wajen fahimtar yawancin abubuwan gina jiki da ke samar da ƙasa kafin dasa shuki da tsirrai tare da dukkanin bitamin da microelements kuma zasu taimakawa wajen samun girbi mai albarka.

Aikin farko

Duk da cewa dasa shuki tumatir da aka samar a cikin bazara, amma aikin shiri ya fara a cikin fall. An fara aikin farko a cikin matakai da yawa.

Zaɓi wuri don kwanciya

An zafin wuri mai kyau da dumi don dasa shuki tumatir, inda ruwan karkashin kasa bai tsaya kusa da ƙasa ba. Shekara biyu a jere tumatir ba za a iya shuka a wuri daya ba, saboda yana taimakawa wajen raguwa da ƙasa kuma ya kara yawan acidity. Zai fi kyau idan ana shuka tsaba ko tsaba a wurin da suka girma a kakar ƙarshe:

• albasa;
• tafarnuwa;
• karas;
• cucumbers;
• kabeji;
• zucchini;
• beets;
• kabewa.

Hankali! Yana da wuya a shuka tsire-tsire a filin bayan dankali da sauran nightshade, tun da yake dukkanin wadannan albarkatun gona sun kai farmaki da dankalin turawa na Colorado da ake fama da su.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa

A lokacin bazara, bayan girbi, an yi wa kasar gona noma ko kuma yayi digiri ta hannun zuwa zurfin 22 - 25 cm. A lokacin bazara, kafin dasa shuki amfanin gona, ana aiwatar da ƙasa a karo na biyu: zanawa tare da felu ko mashi. Ƙasar da aka shirya ta wannan hanyar ta cika da oxygen, ta yalwata da taushi; yayin da kake yin digging, zaka iya cirewa da halakar da dukkanin weeds.

Shiri na dasa kayan

Kayan tumatir

1. Tsire-tsire masu girma a gida dole ne su "taurare": wani lokaci (har zuwa kwanaki 15-20) ana dauke su a kan titin, inda suke kasancewa na wani lokaci (daga sa'o'i 2 zuwa 10 a kowace rana). Mafi tsawon lokacin hardening shi ne kwana 3, amma ya fi kyau don sanya wannan mataki ƙarin lokaci: yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan ƙwarewar ƙwayar matasan shuke-shuken.
2. Kwana 10 kafin a fara dasawa a cikin ƙasa, an rage ruwan sha, kuma cikin mako guda ya kamata ya tsaya gaba daya.
3. Amma a ranar da yammacin ranar saukowa, ana yalwata kananan yara da ruwa.

Tsaba

1. Kafin shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, dole ne a sarrafa su: an dasa tsaba a cikin jakar jaka da kuma yin immersed na minti 15-20 a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate (1 g na manganese da tbsp 1. Daga ruwa), sannan a wanke tare da ruwa mai gudu.
2. Mataki na gaba - ya kamata a kwashe su tsawon sa'o'i 12 a cikin bayani mai gina jiki (1 tsp.) Daga nitroammofoski (nitrophoska) da lita 1 na ruwa).
3. Sa'an nan kuma don awa 24 - don wanke ruwa.
4. Bayan kwanaki 1 - 2, an aika jaka nama zuwa firiji (+ 1C - + 2C), inda ya wajaba don shayar da su daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don kauce wa bushewa.

Abin da za a sanya daga kwayoyin?

Ka yi la'akari da cewa mafi kyau a saka a cikin rami lokacin da girma tumatir daga takin gargajiya, wani abu wanda yake a kullun, daga mutanen da aka gwada su.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ma'adanai guda uku masu muhimmanci don ci gaba da ci gaba da tumatir da kuma makomar mai girma - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.

• Nitrogen wajibi ne don shuka a lokacin ci gabanta, rashin wannan kashi yana rinjayar samuwar harbe-harbe, ƙarfinsu da launi na ganye.
• Phosphorus ta hanzarta ci gaba da tayin, ta kara yawan ƙwayar 'ya'yan itace, tana inganta ci gaba mai karfi na tushen tsarin shuka.
• Potassium Har ila yau yana shafar ci gaba da yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa, da ingancin su.

Taki

Taki itace gona ne, wanda shine tushen irin wadannan kwayoyin halitta kamar nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, chlorine, silicon, wajibi ne don cikakken ci gaban tumatir. Saboda yin amfani da kayan lambu mai gina jiki., shi ya zama sako-sako, mai gina jiki, yana rage girman acidity. Babu bambanci mai banbanci a cikin abubuwan kirkirar da ke tattare da naman dabbobi. Tsarin zai zama da amfani ga kowane daga cikinsu.

Yawancin lokaci, an tattara mango a wani wuri inda ya cika, an rufe ta da filastik. A cikin fall, an warwatse a kusa da gonar gida (8 kilogiram na mullein da 1 square mita), kuma a cikin bazara an kawo kai tsaye a cikin rijiyoyin kafin dasa.

A cikin rami dug a ƙarƙashin tumatir (kimanin 50 cm zurfi), an cire naman alade (250-500 g), sa'an nan kuma wani launi na duniya, kuma sai kawai, bayan kwanaki 2 - 3, ana shuka shuka.

Amfani da sabo ne a cikin bazara ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda karuwar "tashin hankali"iya ƙone tushen tsarin tsire-tsire! Don wannan dalili, ba a yarda da haɗin tushen da kuma taki ba a cikin rami.

Takin

Takin shi ne kwayar tsire-tsire wadda aka samo daga lalacewar kwayoyin halitta karkashin rinjayar microorganisms. Takin yana taimakawa ƙasa don mayar da mahimmanci, inganta tsarinta, inganta dabi'u masu kyau. Wannan sakamako zai iya samuwa saboda gaskiyar cewa ya hada da irin waɗannan abubuwa sunadarai kamar nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium da carbon fitowa a lokacin tsarin lalata.

Categorically ba shi yiwuwa a saka a cikin takin:

1. shuke-shuke da aka lalace;
2. weeds;
3. kayan lambu masu zafi;
4. 'ya'yan itatuwa;
5. qwai;
6. kasusuwa.
7. Citrus kwasfa;
8. fice na mutane da cats, karnuka.

Lokacin da takin ya zama gishiri, dan kadan a cikin rigar kuma a cikin bayyanar zai zama kama da gandun daji, ana iya kara shi zuwa ramuka (200 g ta 1 shuka), hadawa tare da ƙasa.

Onion Husk

Kwafa albasa, wanda ya saba da kowa, ana sau da yawa a cikin kayan aikin noma. A gaskiya ma, wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci, abin kirkirar abin da ya hada da:

• bitamin E;
• rukuni B;
• Nicotinic da ascorbic acid;
• phytoncides;
• flavonoids;
• fructans;
• da sauransu.

Yawancin waɗannan abubuwa suna da kayan mallakar antiseptic, amma a lokaci guda yana da fifita haifuwar microflora mai amfani. Saboda haka Kwayoyin lambu ba su daɗa albasa albasa, amma ƙara shi a cikin ƙasa zuwa rijiyoyin (bisa gwargwadon nauyin husks a ƙarƙashin 1 shuka). Wannan taki yana mai haɗuwa sosai da ƙasa kafin zuwan cikin rami.

Wood ash

Wood ash ne mu'ujiza abu dauke da babban adadin abubuwa masu muhimmanci don girma da fruiting tumatir:

• alli;
• potassium;
• magnesium;
• ƙarfe;
• phosphorus da sauransu.

Ash ba kawai samar da ƙasa tare da muhimmanci na gina jiki, amma kuma mai kyau wajen kare kasar gona da shuke-shuke daga cututtuka da kuma karin kwari.

Ana iya amfani da Ash a kai tsaye zuwa gada kafin dasa shuki (100 g na busassun kwayoyin halitta ta shuka). Ƙasa ta fito daga wani rami mai zurfi, ta haɗu da taki kuma tsire-tsire da aka samu ya barci shuka shuka.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ash ya kamata ya zama samfurin sharan sharan shuka!

Yisti

Yisti ne mai ladabi na yanayi, samfurin samfurin, wanda yake dauke da abun ciki da yawa da bitamin da ma'adanai:

• nitrogen;
• potassium;
• phosphoric acid;
• baƙin ƙarfe

Suna taimakawa wajen samar da kayan gina jiki zuwa kasar gona, suna taimakawa wajen inganta karuwar tumatir, ingantawar tushen tushen su, ƙara yawan kariya daga jikin dabbobi.

A lokacin da dasa shuki tumatir, sakamako mai kyau zai ba da wata matsala a cikin rijiyoyin (na 1 rana) na yisti bayani. (20 g da guga 1 na ruwa mai dumi, da aka jure da rana 1). Har zuwa 220 g na wannan ruwa za a iya zuba a kowane wurin zama.

Menene bukatar yin ma'adinai na ma'adinai?

Ana amfani da takin mai magani a lokacin da dasa shuki tumatir kawai idan kwayoyin don wasu dalili ba za a iya amfani dasu ba.

1. Superphosphate - Ma'adinai na phosphate da ke dauke da wasu abubuwan da ake amfani da su: magnesium, alli da sauransu.

   Yin amfani da wannan taki zai kara yawan amfanin tumatir, inganta yanayin halayen su, inganta ci gaba da tushen tsarin seedlings, da kuma hana cututtuka da yawa.

   Salihun da aka buƙata shine 10-15 g (1 tbsp. Granules ta dasa rami).

2. Ammonium nitrate - Ma'adinai na ma'adinai, maɗaukakin kashi wanda shine nitrogen.

   Wannan nau'ikan yana da alhakin saita sautin kore da shuka girma.

   Isa a cikin rami don cika 1 tbsp. granules. Wani zaɓi: 30 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka rushe a cikin lita 10 na ruwa da zubar a rami rami a rana kafin dasa shuki tumatir.

Menene wajibi ne don kara yawan takin mai magani?

1. "Kemira Universal" da aka haɓaka a Finland da kuma lasisi da aka yi a Rasha. Wannan hadaddun ya hada da dukkan abubuwan gina jiki da abubuwa masu mahimmanci (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, boron, magnesium, manganese, zinc, da sauransu), wanda bai yarda da ƙasa ta cika ba. Kowane kunshin taki yana kawata tare da cikakkun bayanai game da sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, amma mafi sau da yawa game da 0.5 - 1 tbsp an ƙara ta kai tsaye a cikin rijiyar. pellets, wanda dole ne pritrushivayutsya ƙasa, kuma kawai to, shi ne dasa na seedlings.

   Ana iya sayan wannan magani a farashin 100-120 rubles da 100 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi.

2. Sau da yawa gogaggun lambu suna saya da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci daga jerin sassan duniya, wanda ya ƙunshe a cikin abun da ke ciki da yawa na micro- da macroelements (babban kashi na nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium), wanda ke karfafa ƙarfin tsire-tsire, ƙaruwa da tsayayyar yanayin yanayi, da kuma hanzarta tafiyar da furanni da 'ya'yan itace. An gabatar da matakan kai tsaye a cikin rijiya a cikin nauyin 20 g da shuka. Saduwa da asali da taki ba wanda ba a ke so ba.

   Farashin kuɗi - 450 - 500 rubles a kowace kunshin (5 kg).

Ba abin mamaki ba cewa suna cewa tumatir mafi dadi ne wadanda suke girma tare da hannayensu. Don taimakawa wajen tattara girbi mai kyau zai iya zama nau'i mai yawa, wanda aka yi a baya, a lokacin dasa ko lokacin da tsire-tsire ke girma. Abinda za a zubar a rami - shi ne kawai ga mai kayan lambu.