Ga masoya na farkon girbi - dankalin turawa, "Bryansk delicacy": bayanin da iri-iri da halaye

Dankali Bryansk Delicacy - wata alamar mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa wadda za ta yi kira ga masoya na dankali na farkon girbi.

Yana da ɗan damuwa da cututtuka, da sauri da kuma tare knots tubers. Girbi da aka adana, dace da sayarwa ko aikin masana'antu.

Za'a iya samun cikakken bayani game da iri-iri, da halayensa na ainihi, siffofin noma da kuma hotuna a cikin labarin.

Dankali Bryansk delicacy: bayanin da iri-iri

Halaye

Dankali iri-iri Bryansk Delicacy yana nufin tsakiyar farkon tebur. Yawan aiki yana da kyau, dangane da sauyin yanayi da darajar ƙasa daga 1 hectare, zaka iya tattara daga 160 zuwa 300 na tsakiya na dankali da aka zaba.

Matsayi mai yawa na ƙididdiga - 300 quintals a kowace hectare. An adana dankali mai girbi, na dogon lokaci ba tare da halaye kayayyaki ba. Zai yiwu yiwuwar tafiya mai tsawo.

Bushes ne matsakaici a cikin girman, maimakon sprawling, tare da yawan kore taro. Ganyayyaki suna manyan, duhu kore, tare da gefuna da raguwa kuma a fili an gano sutura.

Corollas ƙananan ƙananan, wanda aka tattara daga fari, ƙananan, furen furewa da sauri. Binciken Berry yana da ƙasa. Tushen tushen shi ne iko, 12-15 aka zaba tubers bayyana a karkashin kowane daji.

Kuma a teburin da ke ƙasa zaka iya ganin abin da ake samu da kuma yawan marketability of tubers a wasu dankalin turawa iri:

Tsarin kulawa yana da sauki. Dankali fi son ƙasa mai haske tare da mai yawa yashi ko ƙasa baƙar fata.

Dole ne a shuka tubers bayan da kasar gona ke cike mai tsanani, mai tsawo hilling bada shawarar, matsakaici watering bada shawarar. Yawan iri-iri suna amsawa sosai zuwa saman kayan ado, musanya ma'adinai masu ma'adinai tare da kwayoyin halitta zai yiwu. Yaya kuma lokacin da za a yi amfani da taki, da kuma yadda za a yi shi lokacin dasa, karanta kowane labarin shafinmu.

Tsara magance cututtukan cututtuka da yawa: ciwon daji na dankalin turawa, ƙwayar ƙwayar zinari na zinariya, ƙwayoyin curling leaf or mosaic banded, rhizoctoniosis. Kuma yanayin rashin lafiya zai yiwu kamuwa da cuta tare da marmarin ganyayyaki daga cikin ganyayyaki, tubers daga marigayi blight da wuya wahala.

Dankali Yana da dandano mai dadi. Ba ya fadi kuma bai yi duhu ba a lokacin da yankan, rike da siffar muni da launin rawaya.

Tubers ne na duniya, za a iya kwasfa, soyayyen, gasa, cushe, amfani da su don yin dankali mai dankali ko yanka na fries. Dankali ma yana da kyau ga aikin masana'antu, suna yin kyawawan kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Duk ya dogara da adadin sitaci a cikin tubers, wanda wannan nau'in ya ƙunshi daga 15 zuwa 18%.

Adadin sitaci a cikin dankalin turawa daga wasu nau'o'in:

Asalin

Bambancin Bryansk Delicacy Bred by Rasha shayarwa. An kawo shi a cikin rajista na jihar na Rasha a shekarar 2002. Zoned don yankin Tsakiya, amma ana iya girma a kowane yanki da yanayin yanayi mai dumi ko dumi.

Zai yiwu dasa a kan filayen masana'antu, kiwo a gonaki da gonaki masu zaman kansu. Dankali ya dace da sayarwa ko aiki na masana'antu. An adana amfanin gona na asali, nau'in kayan abu ba shi yiwuwa ga degeneration.

Kara karantawa game da ajiyar dankali a cikin hunturu, a cikin kwalaye, peeled, a cikin firiji, kazalika da lokaci a cikin cikakken kayan yanar gizonmu.

Hotuna

Hoton ya nuna dankalin turawa Bryansk Delicacy:

Ƙarfi da raunana

Daga cikin babban amfani iri:

• kyakkyawan dandano na tubers;
• farkon ripening amicable;
• An girbe shi sosai;
• kyawawan halaye na kayan amfanin gona;
• ba lalace a yayin da kake yin digging;
• high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
• da yiwuwar aikin masana'antu;
• jure wa cututtuka masu girma.

Lalacewa a cikin iri-iri ba gyara ba.

Fasali na girma

Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a girbe tubers, dried, sarrafawa ta masu bunkasa bunkasa. Ana ba da shawarar Germination a cikin haske ko a sawdust rigar.

Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona ta bushe, an zabi ɗayan sharan daga bisan, wanda zai iya zama kiwo akan kwayoyin cuta da larvae na kwari. Tsohon humus, itace ash ko kadan adadin superphosphate an gabatar a cikin ƙasa.

Shrubs suna samuwa a nesa na 30-35 cm daga juna, ana buƙatar tsaka-tsaka tsakanin 60-70 cm don kulawa da matsakaicin yanayin zafi zasu iya miki ciyawa. Wannan zai sa dasa shuki daga weeds kuma taimakawa wajen yaki da kwari.

Ƙaddamar da farkon tubers na iya kasancewa kwanaki 45 bayan fitowar harbe. A cikin yankuna da dumi, lokacin bazara, ana yiwuwa shuka dankali sau biyu.

Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin da aka girbe a farkon kakar girma suna bambanta ta ƙananan adadin, yana da kyawawa don amfani da su a cikin abinci nan da nan bayan digging.

Ya kamata a girbe dankali da aka girbe sosai a filin ko a ƙarƙashin rufi. Dankali da aka saya don sayarwa za'a iya kunshe shi da wuri bayan bushewa.

Mun kawo hankalinka jerin kayan da ke amfani da su a wasu hanyoyi na girma dankali: a karkashin takalma, cikin jaka, a cikin katako, fasaha na Holland.

Cututtuka da kwari

Bambancin isa resistant zuwa manyan cututtuka na nightshade. Kusan dankalin turawa dankalin turawa, scab, cyst nematode na zinariya, da rhizoctoniosis.

Girma na farko yana adana tubers daga marigayi, amma wannan cuta zai iya shafar ganye na shuke-shuke. Idan akwai annoba, za a iya dasa shuki ta hanyar shirya kayan noma.

Don yin rigakafi na tubers da aka dasa, da kuma ƙasa kafin dasa gurasar zubar da jini. Daga baki kafafu matasa bushes zai ajiye gabatarwa na itace ash.

Karanta ma ƙarin bayani game da Alternaria, Verticilliasis, Fusarium wilt.

Young sabo ne ya fi jawo hankalin kwari kwari. Mafi sau da yawa, shuke-shuke suna shafi Colorado beetles, aphids, gizo-gizo mites. Gyaran daji da tsomawa tsakanin layuka tare da bambaro ko tsire-tsire za su taimaka wajen kawar da kwayoyin cutar.

Yin yakin Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro da larvae sosai sau da yawa ya zama ainihin matsala ga lambu.

Muna ba da hankalinka ga jerin abubuwa game da magungunan gargajiya da kuma shirye-shirye na sinadaran da zasu iya magance matsalar.

Tsarin waya (larvae na danna ƙwaro) yana haifar da mummunar lalacewa ga plantings. Daga gare shi ya adana juyawa mai kyau. Kowane shekaru 2-3 na shirin dasa dankali ya kamata a canza. Wadannan wurare da aka fice sune sune da radish manseed ko phacelia.

Da dankalin turawa iri-iri Bryansk Delicacy cikakke ya nuna sunansa. Tubers suna da dadi da kyau, sun dace da aikin masana'antu da kuma shirye-shirye na daban-daban yi jita-jita. Matan shuka ba ya da tsayi, ana iya tattara shi don amfanin gona na tsawon shekaru.

Haka kuma muna ba da shawarar ku fahimci wasu nau'o'in da ke da nauyin fasali: