"Mikiya", ko Hibiscus Mutable (Hibiscus Mutabilis): bayanin, hoto, girma a gida

Hibiscus Canable - mai wakiltar wakilin gidan Malvova. Tun daga tsakiyar karni na 19 shine daya daga cikin tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
A cikin wannan labarin munyi cikakken bayani game da bayanin hoto, yanayin mazauni, tarihin asali, bayyanar shuka.

Mun koyi yadda za mu kula da Hibiscus Changeable, da kuma yadda za mu yi girma a gida da wane nau'in kiwo ya dace da shuka. Kuma zamuyi nazarin abin da kwari zai iya lalata wannan shuka.

Bayanan Botanical

• Sauran sunaye: Rashin loka (rosa loca), itace lotus.
• Sunan Latin: Hibiscus mutabilis.

Tarihin asali

Kasar Sin ta Kudu tana dauke da wurin haihuwa na Hibiscus na Volatileinda a cikin ƙarni da aka yi amfani dashi a maganin gargajiya, da kuma yin kullun halitta, igiyoyi da igiyoyi. A cikin Sinanci na al'ada, canzawa hibiscus ya sami matsayin al'ada, "alhakin" don ƙarfafa aure da wadata.

A ƙarshen karni na 18, an gano Hibiscus a Turai, kuma kadan daga bisani - a Rasha. Furen ya fara samun karbuwa a duk faɗin duniya, godiya ga dangin zumunta da kyawawan bayyanar.

An yi girma Hibiscus a matsayin mai ginin gida tun 1831.

Bayyanar

A karkashin yanayin yanayi, Hibiscus Changeable yana da tsawo kimanin 3-4m. Rawanin shekara a tsawo na 35 cm, nisa 35-40 cm

• Krone shine laima.
• Tsuntsaye mai tsayayye, sunadara a kan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini, kusan a tsaye a tsaye tare da shekaru.
• Ganye suna da manyan, velvety (game da 25x25 cm), duhu mai duhu, nau'i mai kama da siffar, tare da gefuna.
• Fure-fure na iya zama daga 5 zuwa 30 centimeters a diamita.
• 'Ya'yan itãcen hibiscus - ƙananan kwalaye, raye cikin fuka-fuki biyar. A ciki - fibrous ko fluffy tsaba.

A gida, hibiscus yana da tsawo na mita 50 zuwa mita 3. Mai girma don yin bonsai.

Hoton hoto

Anan zaka iya ganin hotunan hibiscus:

Yanayin geography

A yanayin sanyi, Hibiscus mutabilis yana girma tare da wahala mai tsanani. (mafi sau da yawa a matsayin houseplant).

A waje yana bunƙasa a cikin yankuna masu zafi na kasar Sin da Asia, a Amurka, Brazil, Afirka, da Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Girma a gida

Yanayin yanayin zafi

A cikin watanni na rani mafi yawan zafin jiki na hibiscus shine: 20-22 ° C.

A cikin hunturu, an bada shawara don rage shi zuwa 14-16 ° C. Wannan zazzabi yana da sakamako mai tasiri kan samuwar flower buds.

Watering

A shuka na bukatar high zafi da kuma yawan watering. Ya kamata a raba ruwa a dakin zafin jiki. Mafi yawa watering ga hibiscus ne hallakaswa. Kowace magungunan watering an yi shi ne kawai bayan bayanan saman ƙasa ya bushe.

Har ila yau, ana bayar da shawarar ruwa da ruwa yau da kullum. A lokacin flowering, wannan tsari ne da aka yi tare da taka tsantsan, kauce wa lamba tare da furanni.

Haske

Hibiscus ya fi son hasken rana da zafi. Ganye yana da kyau inuwa, amma tare da rashin haske ya fara tasowa kuma ya yi fure kadan. A lokacin rani, yana da amfani a kai shi zuwa baranda ko tereshi, kula da kariya daga zane.

Ƙasa cewa

• Land - turf, leaf, Pine.
• Humus.
• Sand
• Peat.
• A bit of gawayi.

A ƙasa ya kamata sako-sako da, Dole malalewa.

Acidity - kamar yadda kusa da tsaka tsaki.

Pruning

Abu mai muhimmanci a kula da hibiscus - dacewa da kuma dacewa sosai. Ana gudanar da shi bayan floweringa farkon spring ko kaka.

Yana da haɗari don kwashe a ƙarshen bazara - hibiscus bazai yi bazara a lokacin rani.

Mataki na farko shi ne yanke shawara akan girman da ake so. da siffar shuka. Dangane da dandano na mai shi ko zane na dakin, zai iya zama kananan bishiyoyi, da kuma shrub shuki.

Don samar da itace:

1. Cire matakai na layi na ƙarni na biyu, yana barin manyan harbe.
2. Rage raguwa na sama a hankali ta hanyoyi da yawa.

Don samar da wani shrub:

• A akasin wannan, ragar da reshe na tsakiya, wanda zai ba da damar tafiyar da layi na gaba don cigaba da bunkasa mai tushe.
• Ka bar wasu ƙananan ƙananan, cire ɓangaren tsakiya.

Da takin mai magani

1 lokaci a cikin makonni 2-3 hibiscus buƙatar ciyar.

1. A cikin bazara, shuka yana buƙatar takin mai magani tare da nitrogen da sodium (alternately), tun a wannan lokacin yana shirya don ci gaba.
2. A lokacin lokacin flowering, ana amfani da takin mai magani mai ma'adinan ruwa wanda ya ƙunshi phosphorus, baƙin ƙarfe, potassium, jan karfe, manganese, magnesium, da dai sauransu.

Gilashi mai kyau

An zaɓi iyawa a kowane mutum don kowane hibiscus, mayar da hankali kan yanayin da bayyanarsa. Idan shuka ba ta yi girma a lokaci ba, yana iya zama wajibi don dasa shi a cikin akwati mafi girma.

A tukunya don hibiscus ya kamata a sami kwanon rufi, inda ruwa ya tanadi, ya sa furen ya sauƙaƙe saurin watering.

Tashi

Young hibiscus transplanted sau ɗaya a shekara. Wata shuka mai girma (bayan shekaru 3) za'a iya sake gina shi sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3.

Ana aiwatar dashi na yau da kullum tare da kulawa mai kyau, ta wurin canja wuridon kare tushen tsarin daga lalacewar injiniya.

1. Don kwanakin kwanaki 2-3 kafin dasawa, dole ne a shayar da kasar gona da kyau don taimakawa wajen cirewa daga clod din daga tsohuwar tukunya.
2. Cire shuka daga tukunya tare da ƙasa. Kada ku halakar da ƙasa mota, kallon kallon yanayin da tushen da kuma mataki na ci gaba da ƙasa.
3. Cire kawai maɓallin da ba'a samo shi ta hanyar tushen tsarin (saman saman) ba.
4. Sanya sabbin ƙasa a wurinsa, karamin shi da hannu.
5. A karo na farko (har sai asalinsu suka fi karfi, kuma maɓallin ba ya daɗaɗa), zaka iya shigar da goyon baya.
6. Bayan an dasa shi, yana da kyau ga ruwa da hibiscus ta wurin pallet domin ya bunkasa cigaba da sabuwar ƙasa ta hanyar tushen tsarin shuka.

Kulawa na hunturu

• Kyakkyawan hasken yanayi a kalla sa'o'i takwas a rana (ana iya amfani da fitilu mai haske).
• Temperatuur shine game da 14-16 ° C.
• Watering 1 lokaci a kowace mako.
• Ba za a hadu da ƙasa ba, amma, idan ana buƙata ta wurin shuka, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da phosphorus-potassium taki sau ɗaya a wata.

Kiwo

Harkokin Hibiscus za a iya watsa shi ta hanyar iri ko cuttings.

Cuttings

Babban lokaci - daga Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu kuma daga Yuli zuwa Satumba.

1. Kwayoyin Green da Semi-cutarwa tare da 2-3 internodes an yanke daga saman mafi girma girma.
2. Cuttings tushe sosai bayan kwanaki 20-30, ko dai a cikin ruwa ko a cikin tukwane a karkashin gilashi kwalba.
3. Lokacin da asalinsu sun bayyana, ana shuka su zuwa cikin tukwane (an bada shawara don ƙara ƙashi kashi zuwa ƙasa).
4. Ana shigar da kwari a gefen rana. Zai fi kyau da ruwa tare da mai sprayer (wanda ya sa ƙasa ba ta ɓata).

Tsaba

Yawan lokaci na shuka shine daga tsakiyar Janairu zuwa Afrilu.

1. Hibiscus Canja tsaba kafin dasa shuki jiji na tsawon sa'o'i 12.
2. Moisturize ƙasa, ƙara ma'adinai da takin mai magani.
3. A tsaba na shuka Hibiscus Canja ba ma lokacin farin ciki don shuka.
4. Rufe tukunya tare da jakar filastik a saman don haifar da sakamako na greenhouse tare da zafin jiki na 15 ° C.

Cututtuka da kwari

Abinda bai dace da kulawa ba tare da kulawa ba yana haifar da rauni ga shuka. da kuma dukan cututtuka:

• fitowar kwari (gizo-gizo mite, scythe, aphid, da sauransu);
• cututtuka;
• abscission na buds da ganye;
• hibiscus yana tsayawa ba;
• shuke-shuke kwari kuma ya juya rawaya.

Similar shuke-shuke

1. Indian hibiscus. Morphologically kama da Hibiscus Canable, amma bambanta a cikin haske fata petals cewa ba canza launi.
2. Hibiscus Cooper. Alamar halayyar ita ce bambancin launin fata dake hada kore tare da tabarau na fari, ruwan hoda da rawaya.
3. Siriyan Siriya. Yana da furanni mai yawa, nau'o'i daban-daban na shuɗi da purple bakan, amma akwai samfurori masu launin shuɗi biyu.
4. Hibiscus Sour. Yana da sananne saboda launin launi mai zurfi, wanda ya ba shi kyawawan launi.
5. Hibiscus mai ban mamaki. Sunan yana da launin furanni, mai launi da ja.

Hibiscus Canja ba kyawawa ba ne, amma yana buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullum.. Za a ba da mai karimci mai karfin zuciya ta shekaru da dama na ruhu mai rai a cikin inuwa na wannan shuka mai ban sha'awa, wanda ke da irin wannan yanayi na musamman.