Dabba

Abin da za a ciyar da doki

An zaɓi nau'in doki a kowane mutum dangane da yanayi mai rai da yanayi, nau'in aiki da kaya, jinsi da shekarun dabba. Koma ga kowane irin dawakai shine bukatar kayan abinci na abinci. A bayyane yake cewa cin abinci mai kyau, mai kyau shine mahimmanci ga kiwon lafiyar da dabba na dabba, yin aiki na tsawon lokacin da yawan aiki. Game da abin da kayayyaki dole ne a haɗa a cikin abincin dawakai na shekaru daban-daban, bari mu kara magana a cikin labarin.

Menene dawakai daji ke ci?

'Yanci-ƙauna, dabbobin daji a yanayin yanayi na yanayi suna ciyar kusan dukkanin lokaci don neman abinci, suna cin nasara mai nisa. Duk da girman dawakan dawakai, ƙullunsu suna da ƙananan ƙananan, saboda haka dawakai bazai iya cin abinci mai yawa a wani lokaci - wannan shine dalilin da ya sa suke cin abincin "kadan, amma sau da yawa." Abincin shayarwa mai sauƙi yana ba ka damar samun jin dadi na dogon lokaci. Ganye da shrubs sun kasance tushen abincin abincin dabba. A lokacin rani, dawakai suna cin abinci a kan naman daji da ciyawa, a cikin hunturu suna samun ciyawa daga karkashin dusar ƙanƙara, za su iya jin dadi tare da tsirrai na tsire-tsire har ma da haushi na itace. Wasu lokuta zasu iya samuwa.

Shin kuna sani? Dabbobin daji sun cinye kashi 85% na lokacin su cin ciyawa, wato, suna shawo game da sa'o'i 20 a rana.

Yadda ake ciyar da doki a gida

Abincin abincin dabba na gida ya ƙunshi abinci na abinci, amma ya bambanta da adadin abinci da kuma biyaya da tsari mai tsabta. Tun da yake dawakai na gida suna ɗaukar nauyin nauyin da yawa fiye da takwarorinsu, abincin su ya dace. Don ciyar da dabba tare da dukkan kayan da ake bukata, abincin ya kamata ya hada da manyan kamfanoni guda uku: samfurori da abinci maras kyau, da magungunan hatsi. Dabbobi na dabbobi suna da ƙananan ƙananan abinci. Ga kowane mutum, ana zaɓin rabo a kowane ɗayan, bisa ga dalilai masu yawa, amma, a zahiri, cin abinci ya zama kamar wannan:

  • 60-80% - m da m abinci;
  • 20-40% - ƙwayoyin hatsi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan jikin dabba ya yi hasarar abincin da ya dace kuma mai dadi, tare da wucewa da adadin hatsi, hasara mai karfi na tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa, wanda ya faru da cututtuka masu guba, zai iya faruwa.

Abincin da ba shi da kyau

Ya kasance irin waɗannan samfurori:

  1. Haylage (ciyawa mai ciyawa). Abubuwan da ke da amfani da kayan da ke da daɗin dawaka da ke dawakai suna ci tare da farin ciki. Kwanan kuɗin yau da kullum ga mutum mai girma shine 8 kg.
  2. Straw. Cikin jikin mai doki ya yi sanyi, yana da ƙananan kayan abinci, sabili da haka ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a iyakance (ba fiye da kilo 5 a kowace rana ta doki ba). Mafi kyau iri ne masara da kuma oat bambaro.
  3. Hay Wani muhimmin samfurin a cikin hunturu, yawan adadin cin abinci yana zuwa 50%. Zai iya zama makiyaya ko shuka. Yau na yau da kullum don doki mai girma shine kilogiram 20 na kilo 500 na nauyin dabba. Tare da matsanancin motsa jiki, rabon hay yana raguwa, da kuma ɓangaren hatsi yana ƙaruwa.

Abincin da za a yi

Abincin abinci mai yawa shine irin wannan, abin da yake cikin ruwa shine 70-90%. Kayan fodder succulent ya ƙunshi kayan lambu (yafi tushen kayan lambu), kore sabon ciyawa da silage.

Kara karantawa game da yadda za a tara dawakai.

Daga kayan lambu mafi amfani da gudu sune:

  1. Carrot. Wata mahimmanci na carotene, ana iya ciyar da ita da kuma burodi. Yaran dabbobi suna bukatar kimanin kilo 2 a kowace rana, manya har zuwa 3 kg.
  2. Naman alade. Zai fi kyau don ciyar da sauƙi a cikin adadin 4 kg ga matasa da 12 kg na manya.
  3. Sugar gwoza. An ciyar da shi a cikin tsari mai kyau, ƙananan dabbobi zasu iya karbar kilo 4 a kowace rana, manya - 7 kg.
  4. Dankali Yana da kyawawa don bayar da nau'i mai nau'i a cikin nauyin kilogiram 5 da 15 ga matasa da masu girma, daidai da haka.

Nutritious da arziki a bitamin ne wani m samfurin - silage. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da masara a cikin adadin 5-15 kg, dangane da shekarun dabba (tsofaffi - mafi girma da kudi). Guman abinci, kamar yadda sunan yana nuna, shine cakuda daban-daban ganye. Ita ce abincin da ke da dawakai a cikin daji, da kuma dabbobin gida. Ita ce mafi kyaun tushen furotin, fiber, bitamin da kuma ma'adanai. Yaro ya kamata ya karu har zuwa 60 kilogiram na kayan abinci mai rai kowace rana, yara matasa har zuwa 40 kg.

Bincika bayanin irin mafi kyau doki.

Gudanar da abinci

Ya kamata ku kasance a cikin abinci na dawakai a iyakaccen adadi, amma ba tare da su ba zai yiwu a yi lokacin dawakai masu cin nama na nama da kuma matsin jiki. Gurasar masara ta zama "man fetur" don dabbobi. Irin waɗannan al'adu ana amfani dasu:

  1. Barley Samfurin calorie mafi girma, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a iyakacin siffar steamed don ƙarin digestibility. Matsakaicin lambar a kowace rana don mutum mai girma yana da kilo 4.
  2. Oats. Wani samfurin samfurin ga dabbobi, ba tare da abin da ba zai yiwu a yi tunanin cikakken abinci ba. Ya ƙunshi mai yawa fiber da sitaci, saboda haka yana da matukar muhimmanci mai gina jiki. Dangane da shekaru da kaya na dabba, zaka iya ciyar da 2-7 kg kowace rana.
  3. Masara Ya ƙunshi mai yawa sitaci, saboda haka yana ba da yawan makamashi. Ana amfani da shi a gaban nauyin nauyi a kananan ƙananan (azaman ƙari).
  4. Kashe kashe Dama cikin fiber, amma suna da karamin bitamin da ma'adanai. Anyi amfani da shi don ƙara yawan yawan sabis.
  5. Hanyoyin haɗaka ko cakuda hatsi (lokacin da ake dafa abinci). Su ne cakuda iri iri daban-daban, bitamin, ma'adanai (premixes), kuma zasu iya dauke da ɓangaren litattafan almara, bran, mancake, ciyawa ciyawa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsarin tsarin doki na musamman shine damuwa ga abinci mara kyau: samfurori da alamun rotting, murmushi, gyare-gyare da sauran lahani nan take rinjayar narkewar dabba. Amfani da su a cikin abinci ba abin karɓa ba ne!

Abincin dabba

Dole ne ya kasance a cikin abinci na dabba a cikin ƙananan iyakoki don sake tanadar albarkatun gina jiki da ma'adanai. Gaba ɗaya, manoma suna amfani da baya da kifaye a cikin adadin har zuwa 300 g a kowace rana ta kowace dabba 1.

Abin da ba zai iya ciyar da doki ba

Abubuwan da ke cikin jerin ba za a iya ciyar da su ba zuwa dawakai, in ba haka ba za su iya haifar da yanayi mai zafi na sauye-nauye nau'i na wahala, daga ƙwanƙwasawa mai sauri da ƙurewa zuwa farfadowa na intestinal da ƙumburi na hanta. An haramta samfurori ga dabbobi:

  1. Kabeji - haifar da fermentation, samar da gas, bugun jini da colic.
  2. Dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa (sai dai apples a ƙayyadadden yawa) - sakamakon ciyar da 'ya'yan doki zai iya zama unpredictable kuma bakin ciki.
  3. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari - samfurin mai hatsarin gaske, sabon abu don dawakai.
  4. Fresh gurasa - yana haifar da fermentation, ya sa narkewa da wuya, zai iya haifar da suturar ciki da kuma hanzari.
  5. Kayan samfurin daga teburin ɗan adam, kayayyaki kantin kunshe - sun ƙunshi kayan aikin sinadaran da yawa (dyes, preservatives, da dai sauransu), wanda ciki na dabba ba zai iya narke ba.
Yawancin dawakai (sai dai Larabawa) ba su dace da kirka alkama ba, saboda haka ba a cikin abincin su ba. Ka tuna cewa kana buƙatar ciyar da masara da sha'ir a cikin iyakokin iyaka kuma kada ka wuce sashi.

Koyi yadda zaka zabi mai kyau mai kyau don kanka.

Dokoki don dabbobin dabbobi

Da farko kallo, a hanyar dabara na watering ba za a iya samun matsaloli. Amma idan baku san ka'idodi na farko ba, kuna iya yin kuskuren kuskuren da zasu shafi lafiyar dabba. A mafi yawancin lokuta, wannan shi ne saboda watering a lokacin da ba daidai ba. Saboda haka, a lokacin da watering kana bukatar ka bi wadannan shawarwari:

  1. An haramta wajan doki daki na tsawon sa'o'i 2 bayan cin abinci don kada ya kara fadada ciki da colic.
  2. Zaka iya yin doki a doki minti 30 kafin cin abinci.
  3. Dabba mai fushi bayan aikin aiki na jiki ba'a bada shawara don minti 30. A wannan lokacin, dabba dole ne ya kwantar da hankali kuma ya sake dawo da numfashi.
  4. Yawan irri per day shine sau 3-4.
  5. Ya kamata ruwan zafi ya kasance a dakin da zafin jiki.

A wani lokaci, doki na iya sha ƙarar ruwa sau da yawa ya fi girman girma (ciki shine lita 15), duk saboda kusan dukkanin ruwa ya bar cikin ciki kuma ya motsa zuwa cikin hanji. Bukatar dan doki na ruwa ya dogara da yawancin dalilai: lokaci na shekara da zafin jiki, kayan aiki, da kuma irin abinci. A cikin hunturu, dabba na iya sha ruwa na 30-60 na ruwa, a lokacin zafi, musamman tare da nauyin nauyi, buƙatar ruwa ya kara zuwa 80 lita ko fiye. Yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da abin da kuke sha daga dawakai.

A yanayi, an saukar da dawakai zuwa ƙasa don sha, kuma wuyansa ya cika. Idan kun yi amfani da masu sha a kan barga da kuma sanya su sama da yawa, aikin shan ruwan ya zama abin banƙyama kuma akasin tsarin ilimin lissafi na wadannan dabbobi, saboda haka dole ne ku sanya masu shayarwa a matsayin kasa a ƙasa.

Shin kuna sani? Jirgin doki, ba kamar mutum ba, ba zai iya shimfiɗawa da sauya karfin ba dangane da adadin abincin.

Yau yawancin abincin yau da kullum da kuma ciyar da farashin

Kamar yadda muka riga muka nuna, yana da mahimmanci don samar da abinci ga kowane ɗayan mutum, ya ba da nauyin halayen lissafi, adadin da nau'in kaya, da wasu dalilai. Amma dalilin zai iya yin la'akari da shirye-shiryen, ƙaddamar da kwararrun dabbobi na dabbobi kuma sun yi nufi ga dabbaccen dabba da ke kimanin kilo 500-550.

Ga doki

Lambar da yawancin samfurori a cikin masu samar da hankali sun dogara ne akan lokacin yin jima'i, da kuma irin nauyin (nauyi ko doki).

KayanHorse irin (har zuwa 600 kg)Nauyin nauyin (fiye da 600 kg)
Pre Case /wannan lokacinSauran lokaciPre Case /wannan lokacinSauran lokaci
Hay9 kg-12 kg-
Cire ciyawa-20 kg-25 kg
Oats3 kg4 kg
Barley1.5 kg3 kg
Carrot3 kg-
Kashe kashe1 kg
Cake1 kg-1 kg-
Salt33 g30 g45 g40 g
Ajiye150 g100 g
Chicken qwai4-5 guda---

Ga mares

Wajibi ne dole ne ku ciyar a kalla 6 hours a rana akan makiyaya kyauta.

SamfurHorse breeds (har zuwa 550 kg)Ƙananan nauyi (har zuwa 600 kg)
SingleFoal LactatingSingleFoalLactating
Hay8 kg9 kg10 kg8 kg10 kg
Straw-2 kg-2 kg
Oats2 kg3 kg
Masara-1 kg2 kg-1 kg2 kg
Barley1 kg1.5 kg1 kg2 kg
Cake0.5 kg-1 kg0.5 kg-1 kg
Kashe kashe1 kg-1 kg
Salt27 g33 g40 g29 g36 g43 g
Ajiye100 g200 g400 g500 g

Don matasa

Har zuwa watanni 2, ƙwayar foal yana ciyar da madarar uwarsa. Sa'an nan kuma za ku iya gabatar da ƙanshi mai hatsi, hay, cake, molasses, bran da karas. Teburin yana nuna yawan kuɗin da ake amfani dashi ga masu yawan shekaru daban-daban da kuma nau'in (w. M - nauyi na rayuwa).

SamfurShekaru
0.5-1 shekara (w. M. 250 kg)1-1.5 shekaru (w. M. 350 kg)Shekaru 1.5-2 (w. M. 400 kg)2-3 shekaru (w. M. 500 kg)
Céréal bean hay4.5 kg6 kg8 kg
Oats3 kg4 kg3 kg
Kashe kashe0.5 kg1 kg0.5 kg1 kg
Masara-1 kg2 kg
Soybean Nama500 g-
Carrot2 kg
Molasses-400 g-
Lysine5 g8 g7 g-
Salt18 g22 g24 g25 g
Ajiye100 g200 g
ICF, ƙari50 g-

Bugu da ƙari, samfurori na yau da kullum, abinci na iya hada da ma'adinan bitamin-mineral, additives tare da amino acid, probiotics da kuma narkewa kamar yadda ya kamata. Idan an yi cin abinci na dabba daidai, kuma ana ciyarwa bisa ga dukan ka'idoji, to, jikin jikin ka zaiyi aiki da kyau sosai da kuma jituwa yadda zai yiwu, kuma doki zai ji lafiya, farin ciki da karfin.

Reviews

Yawanci, dawakai an ba hay kawai "a nufin", wato. da yardar kaina. Babban abu a nan shi ne ingancin hay. Mafi kyau ciyawa ga doki shi ne Timothawus. Clover ga dawakai - guba, sa colic. Oats kamar dukan dawakai) 1 kg na oats = 1 abinci naúrar. Don haka la'akari da) Cikin hatsi mai hatsari yana da cutarwa sosai - za'a ajiye shi a cikin kwakwalwa da hooves, zai iya haifar da cututtuka mai tsanani. A nan shi ne mafi alhẽri a "ba ba") Zai kasance mafi daidai.
yurevna
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