Yadda za'a bi da dictyocaulosis a cikin shanu

Samun cikin jikin mutum tare da madara da naman alade, tsutsotsi ba zai iya ba kansu lokaci mai tsawo ba kuma a lokaci guda halakar da gabobin ciki. Dabbobi suna fama da makwabta. Don kauce wa ragowar yawan aikinta, da mawuyacin ƙwayar cuta da kuma matsaloli na kiwon lafiya, dole ne mai kiwon kaji ya san abubuwan da suka faru na ayyukan da suka fi dacewa da cutar, hanyoyin hanyoyin kamuwa da cuta da magani. Daya daga cikin cututtuka na kwari na dabbobi na dictyocaulosis, wanda za'a tattauna a kasa.

Abubuwan:

• Ƙirƙirar causative da ci gaba sake zagayowar
• Sources da hanyoyi na kamuwa da cuta
• Cutar cututtuka
• Diagnostics
• Canje-canjen Pathological
• Tsarin kulawa
• Yanayin tsarewa
• Dama da kuma shayarwa
• Magunguna na dabbobi
• Iodine
• Rigakafin

Menene Dictyocaulosis a cikin dabbobi?

Wannan cuta ne na helminthic na kananan da manyan dabbobi, da lalacewa ta hanyar nema na cikin iyali Dictyocaulidae. Da zarar a cikin kwayoyin dabba, ana amfani da pathogens a cikin yankuna na broncho-tracheal, suna haifar da muhimmin aiki don jinkirta ci gaba da bunƙasa dabbobi, da saurin karuwar yawan aiki da asarar dabbobi. Haka kuma cutar ta yadu a yankunan arewacin da tsakiyar tsakiya na nahiyar Eurasian, yawancin dictyocaulus sun nuna kansu ba tare da raguwa ba a cikin kudancin kudancin.

Shin kuna sani? A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, a kowace shekara kowane mutum na biyu a duniyar duniya ya kamu da cutar daya daga cikin manyan nau'o'i guda uku, wadanda ke haifar da enterobiosis (mutane biliyan 1.2), tsalle-tsalle (900) da kuma trichocephalosis (har zuwa miliyan 700).

Ƙirƙirar causative da ci gaba sake zagayowar

A waje, paramitic nematodes basu da tabbas. Suna da jikin fararen fata na filamentary da tsawon mita 3 zuwa 15. A cewar kundin tsarin kwayar jikinsu da burbushin hagu, 'yan wariyar launin fata sun bambanta da dama daga cikin ƙwayoyin larvae:

• Dictyocaulus filaria - mafi sau da yawa suna satar kananan shanu, suna da jiki na dina daga 8 zuwa 15 cm kuma matakan daga 0.35 zuwa 0, 60 mm, suna da launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa tare da spicules har zuwa 0.272 mm a tsawon da yadudduka na baya;
• Dictyocaulus viviparus - sune karami, girman nauyin su suna da siffar girma, amma ba su da nau'i na kwalliya, tsutsa a gaban ƙarshen jiki ba su da wani nau'i-nau'i.
Life sake zagayowar na larvae na Dictyocaulus viviparus

Samun shiga cikin shanu na dabbobi, nematode mata an gano su a cikin sassan jikin motsin rai, inda suke yin kwanciya. A yayin yin musayar iska, tari da kuma shayarwa, ciyarwar ƙwayoyin abinci mai sauƙi shiga cikin gastrointestinal tract. A nan gaba, wasu daga cikin tsalle-tsalle na dictyocauluses, ko da a mataki na farko na ci gaban su, suna fitowa daga dabbobin lafiya tare da feces. Wasu ƙananan hanyoyi, kewaye da kwayoyin kwayoyi, shigar da yanayi na waje daga hanyoyi da ɓoye na kwakwalwa na ƙwayar cuta a lokacin da sneezing da cin ciyawa.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin Rasha, yanayin rashin lafiya na helminth ya kasance daidai da sauƙi zuwa annoba ta annoba, yayin da a Turai kowane mutum na uku ya kamu da cutar..

A karkashin yanayin yanayin zazzabi + 20 ... +27 ° C da iska mai zafi sama da 55%, parasitic larvae fuskanci molf biyu, bayan haka sun zama m. Don yin wannan, nematodes na bukatar kwanaki 3 zuwa 10. Lokacin da ma'aunin zafi ya rage ƙasa + 10 ° C ko sama sama da + 30 ° C, dictyocaulus ba ya ci gaba. Tsarin rai na pathogens ya ci gaba yayin da dabba suna haɗuwa da su a cikin makiyaya ko wuri mai shayarwa. Gano kansa a cikin yanayi mai kyau, parasites sake zabar fili na respiratory. Sashin ɓangaren tsutsotsi wanda ya kasance cikin jiki na shanu da aka shawo, tare da jini da lymph, ya yada cikin jiki. Magunguna suna shan wahala saboda ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suna shafe bronchi. Bayan wata daya, tsutsotsi ya zama cikakkiyar jima'i, wanda ya ba su damar samar da sababbin ƙarnuka.

Sources da hanyoyi na kamuwa da cuta

Domin gidan yarinya ya zama kamuwa da mamaye dictyocauline, ya isa ya sha shi daga tafki mara kyau, da kuma ciyar da ita da ciyawa daga wuraren wanka. Yaduwar cutar ta hada da ruwan sama, ambaliya da fungi.

Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin ayyukan da suke da muhimmanci, tsutsotsi suna fitar da abubuwa na musamman - toxoids, waxanda suke da karfi da hawan daji..

An lura cewa matsakaicin aiki na dictyocauluses na parasitic fara a ƙarshen lokacin rani da farkon kaka. Wani lokaci maimaita kima yana faruwa a farkon rabin bazara. Yana da halayyar cewa babu kamuwa da cuta tsakanin kananan yara da manyan dabbobi. Yawancin mahaifa suna shafan yara kuma suna rayuwa cikin jikin calves na kimanin shekara guda. A cewar masana, hadarin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta yana cikin wurare masu zuwa:

• kogin ruwa;
• makiyaya (musamman bayan dew ko ruwan sama);
• kananan rates, laguna da sauran tafkuna;
• overgrown shrubs (ciki har da kusa da paddock).

Cutar cututtuka

Dictyocaulus pathogens a kan kwayoyin halittar dabbobi suna da trophic, mai guba, inoculatory da kuma aikin injiniya, kuma ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna bambanta da sakamakon antigenic. A cikin kwayoyin da suka shafi abin ya shafa, ci gaba da ci gaba da ciwon kumburi, wanda sakamakon haka ya haifar da rigakafi da kuma cututtuka na biyu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Mafi cikakken bincike game da kowane tsutsotsi da kuma ɓangaren ƙwayoyin cuta ba shi da ƙari, yana bada 90% na nasara, amma ganowar asibiti na helminth a feces ba kullum yakan kawo sakamako daidai ba.

Gane cutar za ta iya kasancewa alamomi masu alaƙa:

• bakin ciki (yana fitowa daga lokacin shigarwa cikin jiki cikin jikin mucous membranes of the respiratory tract);
• zawo;
• bushe, tari mai zafi (nuna a cikin makon 3rd da 4 na aikin tsutsotsi masu muhimmanci);
• rashin ƙarfi na numfashi;
• Tsuntsaye masu tsattsauran mucous-serous daga nostrils;
• ƙara yawan yawan zafin jiki zuwa 40,5-41 digiri;
• rashin;
• ƙi cin abinci ko rashin abinci mara kyau;
• mai kwance kwance (yawanci dabba marar lafiya yana da wuyansa mai tsayi, ajar baki da harshe wanda aka fitar);
• ƙwaƙƙwararriya.
• Ana yin ƙarar sauti.

Alamun asibiti na dictyocaulese Dan hatsarin dithiocaoleosis na dabba yana yiwuwa rikitarwa a cikin hanyar:

• Magungunan cututtuka;
• catarrhal ciwon huhu (tare da m siffofin rashin lafiya);
• yadawa ko mai karkatar da hankula-necrotic bronchopneumonia (siffofin mai tsanani);
• asphyxia;
• catarrhal-purulent ciwon huhu;
• na biyu na cututtuka.

Idan ba a dauki mataki ba, dabba na iya mutuwa a cikin 'yan kwanakin rashin lafiya.

Kwayoyin cuta sukan shawo kan shanu, saboda haka ya kamata ku san yadda za ku magance irin wannan cututtukan parasitic kamar yadda teliasiosis, babesiosis, actinomycosis, cysticercosis.

Diagnostics

A matsananciyar zato na helminthiasis, masu binciken dabbobi suna nazarin samfurori na ɓoye bisa ga hanyar Berman-Orlov don gano ainihin dalilai na rashin lafiyar dabba. Har ila yau, ana iya gano larvae dictacaulaus tare da taimakon bincike ta hanyar amfani da fasaha mai zurfi na larvoscopic. Masana sun ce pathogens za su kasance bayyane har ma da ido marar kyau, idan an sauke wasu kaɗan daga wani bayani mai ruwan sama mai siffar methylene akan gilashin gilashi. Don nazarin su, an girgiza miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma a cikin rabin minti na mintuna mai launin zane mai launin zane yana fitowa akan gilashi. Mahimmanci, wadansu nau'ukan nematodes ba su da tsabta.

Shin kuna sani? Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi imanin cewa shanu sunyi mummunan lalacewa a kan ilimin yanayi fiye da motoci da jiragen sama. Irin wannan matsayi ya bayyana ta hanyar sakin gas na zamani, wanda tare da naman alade yana da alhakin kashi na uku na masarautar greenhouse. Yana shafe Duniya sau 20 fiye da carbon dioxide..

A cikin ganewar asali na cutar, ana daukar nauyin bayyanar cututtuka. Halin dictyocaulese yana nuna alamar rashin hanci da kuma tsokawar tari.

A cikin yanayin idan a rayuwar da za a adana shanu ya ɓace, an yi autopsy. Nudatode larvae suna bayyane a lokacin jarrabawar trachea da bronchial alveoli.

Canje-canjen Pathological

Yayinda kwayoyin suka zauna a cikin gabobin jiki na ruhu, sunyi tasiri da tasirin su da yawa. A ƙananan ƙwayoyin shanu, waɗannan samfurorin da ke cikin nama sun nuna cutar:

Adult D. tsutsotsi tsutsotsi a cikin bronchi na shanu mara lafiya

• rashin;
• anemicity na mucous membranes gani;
• bayyanar transudate a cikin kirji da ƙananan cavities;
• ƙara yawan girman huhu;
• daɗaɗɗen daɗaɗɗɗa, tsauraran ra'ayi, "marbling" da launin toka mai launin toka na wuraren da aka shafa;
• ruwa mai yaduwa a cikin lumen na lantarki, inda filamentary parasites ke rayuwa;
• bayyanuwar mahimmancin digiri na haɓaka;
• ci;
• alveolar emphysema;
• ƙaruwa mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙwayoyin jiki da kuma lymph;
• hyperemia na mucous membranes na trachea da bronchi (wani lokaci akwai alamomi na jini);
• matakai na mucopurulent a kananan da matsakaici na bronchi;
• maschiolitis;
• peribronchitis.

Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin rigakafin dictyocaulosis a cikin shanu, yana da muhimmancin gaske wajen gudanar da ayyukan gyaran gyare-gyare na makiyaya: tafkin magudi da wuraren raya ƙasa, kungiya ta al'adun gargajiyar al'adu, inganta wuraren shayarwa. Gishirin ruwa a rijiyoyin ya kamata su zama santsi, ba tare da giraben ruwa ba, bushe, tare da ƙasa mai zurfi, kuma bankunan ruwa na ruwa su zama masu ƙarfi, tare da hanyar da ta dace.

Tsarin kulawa

Samun kawar da larvae na parasitic ba sauki bane. Don yin wannan, matsala yawan yana buƙatar samar da abinci mai gina jiki mai kyau da kuma watering, ba kayan aiki daidai da bukatun dabbobi, da shirya kayan amfani da kwayoyi. Yi la'akari da matakai duka.

Koyi yadda za a samu laka daga shanu.

Yanayin tsarewa

Abu na farko da kake buƙatar kulawa da tsabta daga ɗakin ajiya, wanda ke cikin gida ga ɗakin gidaje. Idan kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, masana sun ba da shawarar fara tsarin warkewa tare da tsaftace ɗakin da kayan aiki:

1. Ana tura dabbobi zuwa dan lokaci zuwa tafiya ko zuwa wani zubar, kuma duk abubuwan da aka cire sunyi.
2. Bayan haka, ana yin tsabtace kayan lambu, kayan lambu da kuma ciyar da sharan gona daga feeders.
3. Daga tiyo a ƙarƙashin karfi mai karfi da ruwa mai dumi suka wanke alkalami, suna mai da hankali kan wuraren da aka gurbata, da kuma wuraren da ba a iya shiga ba. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da detergents da goge.

4. Lokacin da ruwa a cikin dakin ya bushe (wannan ya kamata ya faru a fili), an kori ganuwar da benaye ta amfani da bugun jini, rike da na'urar don 'yan mintoci kaɗan. Hanyar yana dacewa da katako da dutse. Anyi amfani da kayan gine-gine da cututtukan cututtuka. Mutane da yawa suna haɗuwa da gurasa tare da jiyya na gaba tare da shirye-shirye na chlorine. Bayan busassun ganuwar, yana da mahimmanci don ɗaukar lemun tsami, wanda zai taimaka wajen guje wa sauran cututtuka.
5. Kada ka manta da su sanyaya dukan masu ciyar da abinci da masu sha, har da fure-fuka, kayan aiki.

Shin kuna sani? Macizai da shanu sun zama masu tsauri a tsarin juyin halitta. An fara ne da gaskiyar cewa waɗannan dabbobi ba su iya tafiya ba da sauri, ba su da kullun da katako. A sakamakon wadannan siffofi na jiki, masu girma da yawa suna neman sababbin hanyoyin cin abinci. Abin da ya fi dacewa a gare su ita ce haɗuwa da ƙuƙasawar kayan ganima a cikin wuri mafi salama.

A cikin dakin da aka warkar da shi, an rufe kasan da 10-cm Layer na sabo ne bambaro, peat ko sawdust. Ana bada shawarar a canza litter a kowace rana, cire turɓaya. Kar ka bari ƙananan gidaje su tattake a kan kansu.

Don lafiyar shanu da bijimai, yana da muhimmanci cewa akwai microclimate a cikin sito:

• yanayin zafi - + 5 ... + 15 ° С;
• zafi - 60-70%;
• Hanyoyin iska - na tsakiya na rayuwa nauyin 17 cu. m / h;
• iska farashin iska - 0.5 m / s;
• carbon dioxide concentration - 0.25%, ammoniya - 20 MG / cu. m

Dama da kuma shayarwa

Tun da tsire-tsire nematode dictyocaulese zuwa ƙaura kuma sun fi dacewa da yanayi mai kyau, manoma dole ne su kasance masu kula da makiyaya a cikin masarauta da yankunan lowland. Yin kiwo a hankali a kan iyakar shanu, awaki, da tumaki kuma ba a so.

Shin kuna sani? Tsutsotsi, shiga cikin ƙwayar cuta, don haka kada a yi digiri, don ɓoye abubuwa na musamman - anti-enzymes da ke kare su.

Yana da muhimmanci ga dabbobi su samar da abinci mai kyau, wanda zai taimakawa wajen karewa mai karfi. A cikin trough ya kamata kawai kawai sabo ne da kuma abinci mai kyau. Mutane da yawa shayarwa sun shuka alamomi na vetch, alfalfa ko clover don gidajen su. Kuma don shanun su karbi dukkanin bitamin da ma'adanai masu buƙata, suna ciyar da shi tare da masara, kayan da aka haxa, da kayan lambu, da sauransu, da sauransu, da sauransu.

A kan kiwo da kuma a cikin sito, dole ne dabba ta sami damar zuwa ruwa. Yana da muhimmanci cewa yana da tsabta. Sabili da haka kana buƙatar ka wanke masu sha da yaushe kuma ka zuba musu samfurin samfurin. Ba abin yarda ba ne cewa saniya ya fito daga cikin puddle. Don ƙungiyar abinci mai kyau, masu shayarwa masu shayarwa suna ba da shawara:

1. Lokacin da sansanin ya rike shanu a cikin bazara, ya kawo samari zuwa sansanin da aka tanada daga gudanarwa, wuraren noma da wasu wurare na gidaje don dabbobi da yawa.
2. Zai zama abin da zai dace don fitar da ƙwayoyin tsararraki ko tsarin garke-garke tare da sauyawa na canji na makiyaya. A farkon lokacin bazara, dole ne a canza makirci a cikin kwanaki 10-12, kuma kamar yadda warming ya faru - a cikin kwanaki 5-6, a Yuli - cikin kwanaki 3-4. Sake yin noma akan wuraren da aka kamu da cutar ne kawai bayan watanni 2-3.
3. Don cin abinci yana da muhimmanci don amfani da yankunan makiyaya inda ba a kiyaye shanu da shanu tun watan Satumba na bara.
4. Lokacin da suke tafiya tare da farkon lokacin bazara, masu mallakar sun canza matasan zuwa wurin da aka ware daga gonar. Kusa da wuri a kan ƙasa busassun yin yadi a cikin kudi na ba kasa da 25 mota ta maraƙi. Dole ne a samar da yadudduka a kasuwannin dabarar, masu shayarwa da masu sha.

Karanta game da cututtukan shanu na shanu.

Magunguna na dabbobi

Ba tare da amfani da kwayoyi deworming ba zai yiwu ba. Zaka iya warware matsalar tare da kwayoyi masu zuwa:

1. "Harshen" - wakiltar kashi 40% na ruwa. Don shanu, an bada shawarar yin amfani da subcutaneously a sashi na 1.25 ml a kilo 10 na nauyin jiki, sau uku a farkon, na biyu da na hudu.
2. Divezid - bayani mai mahimmanci ga gwamnati ta kasa. Shanu da shanu, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da dalilai na cututtuka da kuma maganin warkewa a cikin kashi 1.5 ml na kilo 10 na nauyin nauyi, amma ba fiye da 20 ml da dabba ba. Yi amfani da sau biyu tare da tazarar lokaci.
3. "Ditrazina Citrus" - bayani mai mahimmanci 25%. An yi masa allura ta gefe tare da 2 ml na shiri na kowane kilogiram na 10 na nauyin jiki (shiri na bushe na 0.05 g / kg), sau uku (a farkon, na biyu da na huɗu).
4. "Aluminium maidari aerosol" - Abincin da ake amfani da su don jin dadin dabbobi kamar yadda ya kamata a hanyar Loparev. A saboda wannan dalili, shanu da bijimai suna kiyaye su a cikin yanayi na aerosol na rabin sa'a. Tsuntsiri na haɓakawa da aka hana shi sau biyu, curative - sau uku tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 2-3.
5. "Diktifug" - 20% bayani na ruwa. An yi amfani da subcutaneously a kashi na 15 MG ta 1 kilogiram na nauyin maraƙi, injected a ranar 1st, 2nd da 4th.

Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan tsarin yaduwar kwayar cutar da maganin maganin antihelmintic, masu likitan dabbobi sun ba da shawara kada su bar shanu don cin abinci don kwanaki biyar. Bugu da ƙari, yana da muhimmanci a cire a cire a duk lokacin cire haraji kuma a kwashe shi a hankali.

Iodine

Wannan shi ne mafi kyawun hanya zuwa deworming. A saboda wannan dalili, ana buƙatar shirya mafita mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci na iodine a cikin wadannan siffofin:

• crystalline aidin - 1 g;
• potassium iodide - 1.5 g;
• ruwa mai gushewa ko ruwan sha - 1 l.

Yi la'akari da cewa a kowace kilogram na nauyin nauyin dabba, 0.6 ml na magani da aka shirya za a buƙata. Yana da muhimmanci cewa yana da dumi (yawan zafin jiki mai kyau na ruwa shi ne + 30 ... +37 ° C.

An gama maganin da aka gama da shi a matsayin ɓoye a cikin ɓangare na trachea. A wannan yanayin, saniya ya kamata ya kwanta a matsakaicin matsakaici a matsayi na 30 °. Wata rana daga baya, wani ɓangaren ɓangaren ƙwayoyin iodine anthelmintic an allura shi zuwa gefen kullin wuyansa.

Rashin haɓakar wannan hanya na deworming shine lokaci mai cinyewa. Saboda haka, a cikin manyan gonaki ba'a amfani dasu ba.

Rigakafin

Duk wani cututtuka ya fi sauki don hanawa fiye da warkewarta. Saboda haka, a cikin yanayin dictyocaules, matakan tsaro masu dacewa suna da muhimmancin gaske. Don haka, masana sun bada shawarar da wadannan:

1. Kowace mahimmanci don aiwatar da ƙwayar magunguna na shanu da amfani da magungunan maganin magunguna. Dole ne a biya bashin hankali ga dysfunctional, ƙaran dabbobi.
2. Kullum lura da ingancin ruwa da abinci, wanda ke ciyar da shanu. Yana da muhimmanci a dauki matakai don inganta cin abinci.
3. Tsaftace tsabtace ɗakin, wanda ya ƙunshi bijimai da shanu, kula da tsabta da kuma taimakawa wajen inganta dabbobi.
4. A kan kiwo yana kula da tsari na watering, kazalika da kare kaya daga cutar. A wannan ƙarshe, ayyukan inganta ayyukan ƙasa.
5. Gudanar da sauya canji na kiwo ko cin abinci kyauta "Fenothiazine."

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ana gano alamun cututtuka na dictiocaulese, dole ne a gudanar da tsuntsaye na duniya, idan ya cancanta, sake maimaita bayan kwanaki 10-12.

A yanzu ka san abin da cutar wariyar cuta ta dictyocaulosis ita ce, wanda yake da hatsari ga herbivores dictyocaulus larvae, yadda za a gane da maganin cutar.Tsarin kariya zai taimaka wajen hana ciwon wannan cuta a gidanka.