Ba za ku iya yanke shawarar abin da za ku shuka a gonar lambu ba? Shin kuna ganin wanne shuka ya fi kyau: kyau ko lafiya? Sannan zabi gumi, yana hada dukkan halaye biyu. Wannan ciyawar ta asali za ta zama ado ta gonar, kuma a cikin shekaru biyu zuwa uku za ta yi farin ciki da girbin bitamin mai daɗi. A Jafananci, ta hanyar, kira 'ya'yan itãcen gumi berries na tsawon rai. Kuma wannan ba duk ƙari ba ne. Gumi ba ya kulawa da kulawa, da wuya ya yi rashin lafiya, ba ya son kwari. Amma kore mazaunan gonar za su yi farin ciki ga irin wannan maƙwabcin, saboda ya wadatar da ƙasa tare da nitrogen.
Gumi: asali, tarihin rarraba
Gumi, duk da kusan tarihin shekaru ɗari na narkar da ƙasa akan ƙasar Rasha, har yanzu shuka ce mai ƙyalli. Sanannen sananne ne a cikin Altai, a Primorye, a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya, amma ya zo yankin Turai na Turai ba da daɗewa ba.
Gumi mallakar tsoffin tsire-tsire ne. A cewar wasu rahotannin, kakanninsa sun bayyana lokacin da dinosaur suke da rai, a cikin Cretaceous zamani.
Theasar mahaifar gumi ita ce Sin da Japan. A farkon karni na karshe, an kawo kyakkyawan bishiyar bishiyoyi zuwa Sakhalin. Yanzu al'adar ta sami nasarar girma a cikin yankin Krasnodar Territory, Yankin Moscow, Bashkiria, Tatarstan, har ma a cikin Tomsk da Udmurtia. Wannan baƙon ya faɗi ƙaunar tare da lambu na Ukraine da Baltic.
Bayanin Shuka
Gumi shine sunan Jafananci don daji, wanda ya ɗauki tushe a Rasha. Sunan kimiyya na shuka shine goof mai yawa. Mafi shahararrun dangi na gumi shine buckthorn teku.
Bayyanar
Wani ɗan daji mai kyan gani yana da kyan gani. Ya ƙunshi kambi mai jituwa na pyramidal.
Gumi daji zaiyi ado da rukunin yanar gizonku
Tsawon harbe har zuwa mita 2,5. Mottled matsananci foliage tare da tashe gefuna, a cikin bazara da kuma bazara, azurfa-kore, a cikin fall mallaka arziki na zinariya launi. Haushi mai laushi mai laushi tare da zaitun ko launin shuɗi. Coveredasan ƙananan rassan wasu nau'ikan an rufe shi da ƙananan spikes.
Ganyen Gumi, koren-kore a lokacin rani, juya zinari a bazara
A ƙarshen Mayu ko farkon Yuni (ya dogara da sauyin yanayi), furanni-gumi furanni-cream. Tubules tare da taurari masu ma'ana huɗu a ƙarshen sun rataye a kan tsaran petioles kuma suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi. A cewar wasu, yana kama da ƙanshin lilacs. Gumi tsire-tsire ne na zuma mai karimci.
Furanni na Gumi suna da taushi amma suna da kamshi sosai
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su yi daidai ba. Kuma wannan yana ba adorativeness ga daji. A kan reshe daya, zaka iya ganin kore, yellowish da ja beads na berries. Suna da elongated, suna kama da ceri elongated ko dogwood.
Fruitsa fruitsan itacen Gumi ba sa girma a ko'ina, amma a cikin makonni 3-4
Longaƙƙarfan berries yana isa nauyin 2 grams, wani lokacin ma. An rufe su da fata mai ɗorewa kuma m. A lokacin cikakkiyar ƙarfin gaske, bayyanannun furuɗe da aka bayyana a kanta. A cikin m ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma matsakaici-sized ribbed kashi.
'Ya'yan itãcen Gumi suna dandana ƙanshin-tart, ana kwatanta su da cikakkun cherries, apples, persimmons, abarba.
Yawancin lokaci ana kiran itacen tumbi Gumi ana kiran shi cherries na azurfa saboda halayyar sifa.
Gumi ya fara fruita 3-4an itace shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa shuki. Daga kwanciyar tayin zuwa cikakkiyar girma, kimanin kwana 45 ke nan. Daga ɗayan daji na gumi mai shekaru 6 yana yiwuwa a tattara har zuwa kilogram 8-9 na berries, tsire-tsire waɗanda suka girmi shekaru 10 sun ba da nauyin 15 na amfanin gona.
Jafananci yi imani da cewa 'ya'yan itãcen da Goose multiflorum da anti-tsufa kaddarorin. Sun samo abubuwa da yawa masu amfani ga mutane: carotenoids, flavonoids, amino acid, pectin, bitamin C, A, P, E, macro- da micronutrients. Saboda haka, an shawarci mazauna ofasan Raga Sun su ci sabo ne. Suna daɗaɗa daidai, suna dawo da raunin jijiyoyi, suna taimakawa tare da cututtuka na tsarin narkewa.
Al'adar Gumi da abubuwan da ake so
Kamar yawancin tsire-tsire na gabas, gumi fi son yanayi mai sauƙin yanayi. Sabili da haka, iska mai kaifi, musamman a hade tare da ƙarancin zafin jiki, na iya zama mai muni ga shuki. Matasa harbe ba sa yin tsayayya da sanyi a ƙasa da digiri 30. A cikin hunturu, suna buƙatar kariya. Koyaya, daji wanda sanyi ya shafa yana maido da ƙarfi yayin kakar kuma yana bada babbar riba. Da mazan da rassan, da mafi girma da sanyi juriya.
Don yawan rana, idan ba ta ƙonewa ba, gumi yana kulawa da kyau. Mai ikon yin girma a cikin inuwa m, a ƙarƙashin rawanin bishiyoyi. Mafi nisa kudu, yankin, yayin da yawancin Inuwa za ta iya zama. Kuma a cikin yankuna na arewacin, gumi zai fi son zama a cikin rana kanta.
Gumi yana son wuraren rana, amma yana shirye don girma a cikin ƙaramin inuwa.
Gumi ya fi son ƙasa mai laushi, amma ciyarwa na buƙatar kaɗan. Gaskiyar ita ce a tsawon shekaru shuka ita kanta takin ƙasa. A tushen sa akwai nodules tare da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suke samar da nitrogen.
Bidiyo: sanin gumi
Daban-daban na gumi
A cikin ƙasashen asali na gumi - Japan da China - kawai asalin iri ne na kowa. Masana ilimin gida ba su shiga cikin zaɓi na wannan shukar ba. A bayyane yake, sunyi tunanin cewa babu buƙatar haɓaka tsarin halitta. Kuma shayarwa na ƙasarmu sun buge da nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙoshin goof, masu dacewa da canjin yanayin.
Yanzu a cikin Jihar Register na Rasha 7 ana yin rijista. An gwada su kuma an ba da shawarar su yin namo.
Fasali Crillon
Bred on Sakhalin. Wannan itace mai matsakaici mai tsayi wacce ke ba da amfanin gona mai kyau a yanayi mai kyau. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu haske da maki halayen suna da kyau matuƙar kyau, amma rashin ƙanshi. Suna makara sosai. Rassan da kuma ganyen ganyen gumis ɗin Krillon an rufe su da ƙananan fashewar lentils (lentils), ƙananan ƙananan ƙaya ne kawai a ƙasa da harbe. Berries ana halin babban abun ciki na ascorbic acid. Wannan iri-iri shine hunturu-Hardy.
Krillon iri-iri yana haifar da ƙarshen girbi amma yalwatacce.
Taisa iri-iri
Wannan shine kawai nau'in gumi iri-iri wanda har yanzu aka samu a karkara. Wani fasalin daji shine yadawo mai rauni. Madaidaiciya rassan tare da duhu launin ruwan kasa m haushi. M foliage karami ne, kore mai arziki, mai sheki, ba tare da takai ba. Berriesaramin berries (nauyi 1.2 g), ya bushe da wuri. Tana dandana zaki da daɗi. Taura iri-iri na yin haƙuri da sanyi sosai, kwari da cututtuka ba sa fuskantar su.
Bambancin Taisa ya dace da namo a tsakiyar Rasha
Sakhalin aji na farko
Goya tare da mai kambi mai siffar zobe. Rassan suna da launin ruwan kasa-shuɗi, bakin kwalliya na fenti a cikin launi mai sauƙi ana samin tushe a ƙasa. Ganyen yana da faffada, mai yawa, mai lankwasa, tare da gefen ƙananan hakora. Furannin furanni masu kamshi ne, masu ruwan hoda. Red speckled berries ripen da wuri. Kowane "ceri" yana ɗaukar matsakaicin 1.5 g. Theanɗanawa suna da daɗin daɗaɗɗa-m. Sakhalin iri-iri yana da tsayi mai kyau. Matasa harbe a cikin tsananin sanyi (daga -30 ° C) ba tare da tsari na iya daskare ba, amma da sauri daji yana ba da girma. A shuka kusan ba ya yin rashin lafiya, an musamman da wuya damuwa da kwari.
Gumi Sakhalin - tsire-tsire na ornamental da 'ya'yan itace, wanda ke da matukar juriya
Grade Moneron
Wannan gumi wata dabba ce ta masana kimiyyar Sakhalin. Ana kiranta duniya. Girman daji shine matsakaici (kimanin mita 2), akwai ƙananan ƙaya, ganyayen ganye ba tare da alamu ba. Berries suna yin kimanin 1.5 g, ku ɗanɗano daɗin laushi, ɗan tart. Lokacin girki shine matsakaici. Girbi mai tsayi. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa sanyi, cuta da kwari.
Moneron - ɗayan nau'ikan gumi mai yawan gaske
Babancin Shikotan (Tsunai)
Yawancin Shikotan (wanda aka fi sani da Tsunai) ba a kwanannan ba. An bambanta shi da mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace mai yawa da manyan' ya'yan itace (nauyinsu shine 1.7-2 g). Sukan yi fasali ne sosai, sun girma cikin matsakaici. Hakanan matsakaita yana da matsakaita, amma Shikotan yana da tsayayya sosai ga ƙarancin zafi kuma yana da tsayayya da cuta.
Yawancin Shikotan suna da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da fata mai yawa
Saurin Kudu
Gumi Yuzhny ƙaƙƙarfan daji ne, ɗayan mafi girma, berries suna nauyin 2.3 g ko fiye. Suna da tart dadi mai dadi. Lokacin yin girbi shine matsakaici. Yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da ƙasa kaɗan da sauran iri. A lokaci guda, Yuzhny ya sake yin sanyi da sanyi kuma da wuya ya yi rashin lafiya.
Duk da sunan, yuzhny iri-iri na yarda da yanayin zafi sosai
Kunashir iri-iri
Wannan itace mafi tsayi a cikin kowane nau'in gumi. Tana da madaidaitan furannin zaitun-kore da aka rufe da kwalliya. Ikananan ratsan ruwa sunyi duhu fiye da haushi kuma an samo su a saman. Takardun ganye suna da laushi da girma, kore a saman, silvery ƙasa. Furanni fari ne da kirim. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ja masu duhu da kyau sun makara. Suna da yawa, nauyin berry ya kai 2.5 g. Dandano yana da jituwa, mai daɗi tare da ɗan ɗimbin acidity. Yawan aiki, juriya ga sanyi da cuta shine matsakaici.
Kunashir shine mafi girman tsirrai.
Bambancin Berry
Ba a haɗa wannan gumi a cikin Rijistar Jihar Rasha ba, amma ana iya samunsa a kan shirye-shiryen lambun da sayarwa. A iri da aka bred a cikin Donetsk yankin (mai shayar Vladimir Mezhensky). Isan daji ƙarami ne, har tsawon mita 1.5. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin farkon farawa. Daskararren-m berries na matsakaici size (1.5 g).
Bambancin Yagodka bred a cikin yankin Donetsk kuma yana da kyau a cikin yanayin yanayi
Dangane da bayani daga Intanet, ana samun karin nau'ikan biyu a cikin Ukraine: Annaben Kiev da Urozhayny Vavilova. Amma babu wani cikakken bayani game da wadannan tsire-tsire.
Bidiyo: siffofin gumi na zaɓi na Yukren
Mun shuka gumi
Loch multiflora - wata shuka ce mai kamshi, mai shirin zama kusan ko'ina. Amma zai faranta maka girbi mai kyau idan aka kirkiro wasu yanayi.
Abubuwan buƙatu don wurin haɓaka
Da farko dai, don gumi, zaɓi yanki mai natsuwa, mai tsari daga iska mai sanyi. Bushan daji ba ya son haɓaka, yana da haƙuri da ƙananan wurare. Tushen fibrous suna kusa da saman duniya, saboda haka ruwan ƙasa ba zai tsoma baki ba. Amma wuri mai narkewa inda ruwa ke tsayawa tsawan lokaci a farfajiya ba zai yi aiki ba.
Gumi dogon hanta ne a tsakanin tsirrai. Zai iya haɓaka ya kuma bayar da amfanin gona har zuwa shekaru 30.
Ilasa ta fi son tsaka-tsakin ƙasa mai ƙasa-da-ƙasa ko kuma ɗan acidic. Idan acidity yana da girma, yana iyakance yankin. Bugu da kari, kasar gona dole ne ta wuce danshi da iska sosai. A kan loams masu nauyi, a kan Hauwa na dasa shuki ko a watan Oktoba, kgara kilogram 8-10 na taki iri guda a kowane murabba'in 1 sai a tono shi.
Gumi wani shuki ne mai cin gashin kansa. Yana shirya 'ya'yan itacen, ko da babu irin wannan tsire-tsire a kusa. Amma yawan aiki zai yi yawa lokacin da dangi suka girma a kusa.
Dasa matasa shuka
'Ya'yan Gumi na samarwa don siyan shagunan kan layi. Koyaya, tsarin tushen yana iya wahala daga bushewa bushe yayin jigilar kaya. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a sayi tsire-tsire a cikin gandun daji ko cibiyoyin lambun. A wurin zaku iya zabar kwafin tare da kyawawan halaye.
Lokacin sayen, kula da halaye masu zuwa: tsayin seedling daga 30 zuwa 50 cm, akwai akalla harbe biyu ko uku tare da diamita na kusan 7 mm. Dogara kafe bushes na farko ko na biyu shekarar rayuwa.
Seedlingsa Gan Gumi ba sa yin haƙuri da jigilar kayayyaki, saboda haka yana da kyau a saya su a wuraren ɗora Kwando ko kanti na musamman
Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka Gumi farkon bazara, amma ƙarshen kaka ma ya dace. A wannan yanayin, tabbatar da kare shuka daga daskararre.
Jerin ayyukan:
- Shirya rami mai matsakaici (tare da diamita game da 0.5-0.6 m, zurfin 0.5 m). Idan kuna dasa shuki da yawa tsire-tsire, bar nisa na akalla 2.5 m tsakanin su.
- A kasan ramin, shimfiɗa ɗakunan magudanar ruwan pebbles ko tubalin ja da ya karye.
- Yayyafa cakuda humus da yashi a saman. Wani zaɓi shine don ƙara 30 g na nitrogen taki, 200 g na superphosphate da 700 g na itace ash ga ƙasa.
- Idan seedling yayi tsayi, fiye da 70 cm tsayi, yanke shi zuwa 40-50 cm. shafa man yanki tare da var.
- Auki shuka tare da dunƙule na ƙasa daga tukunyar. Kar a goge asalinsu.
- Sanya cikin rami kuma cika shi da ƙasa, yana zurfafa tushen wuya zuwa 4-6 cm.
- A hankali a latsa ƙasa kusa da tushe tare da hannuwanku.
- Ruwa daji da kyau (game da 12 lita na ruwa).
- Ciyawa tare da humus, peat ko sawdust.
Gumi ya fi son cewa tushen wuyansa ya zama mai zurfi 4-6 cm lokacin dasawa
Yadda za a shuka tsaba gumi
Gardenerswararrun lambu da suka riga suna da gumi suna da'awar cewa ana iya yaduwar ta da tsaba. Amma akwai wasu matsaloli. Bonesasusuwa masu laushi suna saurin rasa ƙarfin ƙarfin su, ƙoƙarin adana su galibi ya gaza. Sabili da haka, don girma, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar sabo tsaba.
Kashi na Gumi yayi laushi yana bushewa da sauri
Shuka mafi kyau an yi shi a cikin faduwa, daidai a buɗe ƙasa.
- Zaɓi wani yanki wanda ya dace da gumi, mafi dacewa yakamata ya zama madawwamin mazaunin shuka.
- Yi ƙananan ramuka 5 cm zurfi a nesa na 20 cm.
- Sanya tsaba a cikin rijiyoyin.
- Yayyafa da itacen ash kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa.
- Sama da saukowa, gina tsari daga fim daga sanyi.
- A cikin hunturu, tabbatar cewa an rufe gado da dusar ƙanƙara.
- Harbe Gumi yakamata ya bayyana a lokacin bazara.
Wasu lambu suna da'awar cewa shuka shuka ya ba da kyakkyawan sakamako fiye da amfanin gona na hunturu. Amma saboda wannan, ana iya kiyaye tsararren tsaba kuma a daidaita shi - kwaikwayon hunturu.
- Rarrabe ƙasusuwa na gumi daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, sanya a kan takarda ka riƙe sanyi, ba tare da bushewa ba.
- Canja wurin tsaba a cikin wani akwati a ƙarshen Satumba ko farkon Oktoba kuma haɗa tare da yashi, rigar ciyawa ko gansakuka.
- Sanya akwati a cikin firiji ko cellar (zazzabi daga 0 zuwa +3 ° C).
- Bayan watanni 4-5 (a watan Fabrairu-Maris), dasa shuki a cikin seedlings.
- Bayan daskarewa daskararre a cikin ƙasa.
Akwai kuma wata hanyar shuka ɗanko daga zuriya. Wannan gicciye ne tsakanin kaka da kuma lokacin shuka.
- Sanya sabobin kasusuwa a cikin kwalin da yashi, rigar fata, ko iskar shaka.
- Nan da nan binne shi a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin cm 30. Don hunturu, rufe wurin da aka binne tsaba.
- A farkon bazara, wata daya kafin shuka, cire akwatin kuma kawo shi cikin wuta.
- Danshi tare da tsaba a kai a kai.
- Jira tsaba su yi kyankyasa, sannan shuka shuka kasarsu na shuka; adana amfanin gona a kan windowsill ko hasken rana.
- Tare da ci gaba mai ɗorewa, dasa shuki a cikin titi.
Kuna iya ƙoƙarin kiyaye ƙwayar gumi har sai lokacin bazara, ana ajiye su a cikin firiji ko sanya su a yankin
Hanyoyin yaduwar Gumi
Za'a iya samun sabon samfuri game da ɗimbin yawa masu zuriya daga tsaba, haka kuma daga matasa harbe-harbe - ƙwaya da yanke.
Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa
Ta wannan hanyar, ƙara yawan tsire-tsire a ƙarshen bazara kafin farkon lokacin girma.
- Zaɓi rassan lafiya waɗanda ke ƙasa, zai fi dacewa kusantar da shugabanci.
- A wuraren da ake shirin kewaya kewaya, sanya tsagi. Zuba kimanin 5 cm na humus a can.
- Yi zurfin juzu'i mara zurfi na haushi akan rassan, yayyafa su da Kornevin.
- Sayar da harbe har sai abubuwan da suke a cikin babban tsagi, yayyafa su a saman ƙasa. Kula da cewa yadudduka masu yadudduka sun sami hasken rana.
- Furr da grooves da yawa, ciyawa tare da humus ko peat.
- Misten takin ƙasa a kai a kai don hana ƙasa bushewa.
- A lokacin bazara, sau 2-3 ke ciyar da tushen tushen wuraren.
- Don yadudduka murfin hunturu tare da ganye, sannan kuma tare da dusar ƙanƙara.
- A cikin bazara, lokacin da tushen tsarin ke tsiro akan reshe, raba cuttings daga mahaifin shuka.
- Shuka sabon samfurin a cikin tukunya har sai Tushen ya girma, sannan dasa shi a wani wuri na dindindin.
Farfagandar ta yanke
A tsakiyar lokacin rani, ƙananan koren kore na gumi sun girma zuwa cm 20-30. Daga nan zaku iya fara yankan.
- Yanke saman firam na matasa tare da ganye na 2-4 game da 10 cm tsayi.
- Nutsar da yanka na tsawon awanni 10-15 a cikin maganin maganin kara kuzari (indolylbutyric, indolylacetic, acid naphthylacetic ko heteroauxin).
- Yanke babba ganye a rabi, tsage ƙananan ƙananan.
- Yi girki ko akwati.
- Cika akwati da m yashi.
- Shuka shinge a nesa na 7 cm.
- Ruwa plantings, tare da rufe murfi ko fim.Sanya wuri mai kyau, amma ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
- Kula da yawan zafi, ka tabbata cewa yashi bai bushe ba.
- Rooting cuttings faruwa a cikin rabin zuwa watanni biyu.
- Bayan samuwar tushen, dasa shuki a cikin kwantena daban; a cikin hunturu, sanya su a daki mai sanyi.
- A ƙarshen bazara, dasa shuki matasa bushes a cikin ƙasa bude.
Bidiyo: girma daga cutan kore
Kulawar Gumi
Loch multiflora mai haƙuri ne mai ɗanɗana hankali kuma ɗan ƙwaya na daji. Amma kuma yana buƙatar kulawa, kamar kowane irin shuka.
Babban yanayin isa ruwa. Gumi yana fama da fari tare da wahala. Sabili da haka, a cikin zafi yana da yalwa da yawa (har zuwa lita 25 na ruwa). Mulki ƙasa a kewayen daji zai rage yawan aiki.
Gumi yana fama da fari tare da wahala, don haka a cikin zafi ana shayar da shi sosai
Tushen m na gumi yana girma a cikin nisansa har zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi, kuma ciyawar tayi tsoma baki tare da samun iska. Hanya da kwance abubuwa zasu taimaka, amma kawai yakamata ya zama mai zurfi, in ba haka ba tushen tsarin zai iya lalacewa.
Edsawancen suna tsoma baki tare da ambaliyar iska, saboda haka ya fi kyau cire su.
Masu shayarwa sunyi ƙoƙari don inganta jigilar sanyi na gumi. Koyaya, a cikin tsakiyar Rasha da kuma zuwa arewa, dole ne a kiyaye tsirrai na yara daga lokacin sanyi.
Don yin wannan, harbe-harbe suna antse zuwa ƙasa ko ɗaure tare, sannan an rufe shi da burlap ko kayan musamman. Tushen an rufe shi da ciyawa ko hay. A cikin hunturu, ana zubar da dusar ƙanƙara a kusa da daji. Wannan zai kare shuka daga daskarewa da samar da danshi a cikin bazara.
Dole ne a kiyaye wani karamin daji na gumi daga sanyi idan kana zaune a tsakiyar Rasha
Sucker tana da yawa, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, ita kanta tana wadatar da ƙasa tare da nitrogen, sabili da haka baya buƙatar taki tare da taki ko takin.
Plantungiyar ɗan adam mai shuka tana buƙatar abincin phosphorus-potassium. A cikin bazara, bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, zaku iya yin hadaddiyar giyar don gila: gilashin itace ash da tablespoon na superphosphate. Ko amfani da ƙasa Kemiru-Universal. Karo na biyu kenan da suke ciyar da daji bayan fure.
A cikin farkon shekarun 5-7, yana da kyau kada a datsa gumi. Wannan na iya haifar da farkawa da kodan bacci da kauri da yawa. Itace mai shekaru goma ya riga ya buƙaci girki mai tsabta. A cikin bazara, an cire rassan daskararre, karye kuma mai gaurayawa.
Wani fa'idodin gumi shine cewa baya haifar zuriya. Sabili da haka, ba lallai ne ku yi maganin harbe-harbe a kewayen daji ba.
Cututtuka na Gumi da kwari da matakan sarrafawa
An bambanta Gumi ta kyakkyawan lafiya da kariya mai ƙarfi. Amma har yanzu wani lokacin rashin lafiya ko masu mika wuya ga kwari.
Phyllosticosis (launin ruwan kasa launin ruwan kasa) cuta ce ta fungal. Manyan launuka masu launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, sannan sai suka fasa, suna yin ramuka. Ganyen ya bushe, berries ɗin ya mutu.
Jiyya ta ƙunshi cire duk harbe da abin ya shafa. Sannan an kula da daji tare da maganin 1% na ruwa na Bordeaux, sulfate ko fungicides: Rayok, Skor, Strobi, Amma, Tersel.
Haske launin ruwan kasa ba kawai barazanar bayyanar ba, amma yana lalata amfanin gona
A cikin lokacin bazara, ana iya shafar berries gumi ta moniliosis, ko 'ya'yan itace mai launin toka. Wannan cuta ta fungal tana da sauƙin hanawa fiye da warkarwa.
Don rigakafin a farkon bazara da ƙarshen kaka, kula da shuki da ƙasa a kusa da maganin Nitrafen na 2-3%. Kafin fure, yana da amfani don fesa shuka tare da kowane kashe-kashe ko ruwa na 1 Bordeaux. Dole ne a cire "cherries" Rotten "kuma a lalata shi don cutar ta bazu.
Zai yi wuya a iya yaƙi da launin toka, yana da kyau a hana shi
Daga cikin kwari don gumi, aphids kawai suna da muni. Wannan karamin kwaro an mamaye shi akan shuka, yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri kuma zai iya lalata amfanin gona gaba ɗaya.
Yanzu akwai magunguna da yawa a kan aphids: Spark, Inta-vir, Tanrek, Aktara, Komandor, Aktofit. Ana aiwatar da sarrafawa kafin fure kuma nan da nan bayan shi, zuwa 'ya'yan itacen ovary. Berries da aka feshe da sinadarai an basu damar cin abinci ne bayan makonni 5-6.
Aphids - ɗayan kwari masu saurin gaske wanda gumi ke tsoron sa
Noma na Gumi a yankuna daban-daban
Gumi dan asalin Gabas ne. Amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya tabbatar da cewa zai iya rayuwa a cikin yanayin Yankin Duniya mara Baƙi, a Siberiya, Kasashen Baltic da Ukraine. Yi la'akari da fasalin tsire-tsire masu girma a yankuna daban-daban.
A cikin yankin Moscow da yankin tsakiyar Rasha
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin rukunin yanar gizonku, ya kamata ku zaɓi wurin mafi yawan rana. Amma ko a wannan yanayin, lokacin furanni da tumatir na iya yin jinkiri zuwa makonni 2-3. Kuma matasa daji za su fara kawo 'ya'yan itace kaɗan daga baya. Amma sanyi na farko sun fi hatsari a gareshi, lokacin da babu dusar ƙanƙara. Sabili da haka, babban aikin mai kula da lambun shine tanadin ƙarancin tsire-tsire mai ƙuna zafi don hunturu.
A cikin yankuna na arewa
An san cewa goof multicolor ke sarrafa za a iya yin noma har a Yammacin Siberiya, a yankin Tomsk. Gumi bushes daga cikin gandun daji na St. Petersburg an dasa su a can. Ba duk tsire-tsire sun samo tushe ba, wasu sun mutu bayan farkon hunturu. Amma samfuran mutum ɗaya suna rayuwa kuma suna ba da 'ya'ya.
Don kiyaye matasa gumi bushes a cikin yanayin arewa, wasu lambu suna kai su gida don hunturu
Musamman lambu masu kulawa suna ba da shawarar maye gurbin tsirrai matasa a faɗo a cikin akwati da ɗaukar su a cikin gida. A lokaci guda, gumi ba zai rasa ganye ba kuma yana iya ma fure ya ba 'ya'yan itace. Kuma a cikin bazara an dawo da daji zuwa wurin. Yunkurin girma gumi duk shekara zagaye kamar yadda dabarun gida basu ci nasara ba.
Bidiyo: Babban mai wanki da yawa a Udmurtia
A cikin kudu na Rasha da Ukraine
A yankuna masu ɗumi, matsalar yanayin sanyi ba mai ciwo ba ne. Kodayake ya kamata a rufe matasa gumis don hunturu, kamar wardi.
Abin da yafi mahimmanci shine hana mutuwar daji daga fari. Ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin inuwa m, domin rawanin bishiyoyi ya ba da kwantar da hankali. Gumi baya jure zafi da zafi mai zafi. Ya fi son zafi mai zafi a lokacin rani. Yana da Dole a tabbatar da lokaci da yalwataccen watering ba kawai daga tushen, amma kuma na kambi shuka.
Bidiyo: yadda gumis ke girma a cikin Yukren
A cikin Jamhuriyar Belarus, gumi har yanzu tsire-tsire ne mai wuya. Koyaya, yan lambu na gida suna bada shawarar kare shi daga sanyi a cikin hunturu da kare shi daga zafi a lokacin rani.
Nasiha
Na sayi gumi kimanin shekaru 4 da suka gabata, saboda son sani. A wannan lokacin, daga kankanin daji a cikin tukunya, sai ya juya ya zama daji mai girma 1.5 m. Gumi yana da kyawawan launuka masu launin shuɗi, ƙananan, furanni masu launin shuɗi. Amma babban fa'ida da kayan ado shine berries. A daji na sune girman karamin ceri, m, ja tare da ƙananan dige. kowane bishiyoyi sun rataye a kafaɗa mai tsayi, kamar katako a zare. A cikin dogon kashin. Dandano mai daɗi ne mai daɗi, ɗan ƙaramin abu a cikin berries marasa tushe, yara suna so. Ee, ni kaina da kaina sau da yawa a rana kan tafi zuwa daji ɗaukar ɗaukar 'ya'yan itatuwa a lokaci guda, tunda sun manne da rassan da ke ƙasa. Suna girma a ƙarshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta, ana ɗauka da amfani sosai, tunda suna da bitamin da abubuwa masu aiki a rayuwa. Gumi tsire-tsire ne mai tsinkaye, baya buƙatar pollinator, ina da daji 1 kawai. Amma 'ya'yan itatuwa za a iya shirya don amfani na gaba kawai ta daskarewa raw, ko a cikin hanyar compotes tare da wasu berries. Ba za ku iya dafa abinci daga gare su ba, na gwada da kaina - Na sami syrup, kuma kasusuwa suna iyo a ciki. Na karanta cewa zaku iya shafa sukari tare da sieve, amma ba ku gwada shi ba tukuna. Gumi ba ya ganin kulawa sosai, amma akwai babban fasali - 'Ya'yan itaciyar ana kafa su ne kawai a kan rassan shekaru biyu da haihuwa kuma saboda haka, ba za a yarda da ci gaban sanyi ba, in ba haka ba duk amfanin gonar zai kasance ne kawai a gandun daji akan tsohuwar itace. Sabili da haka, a farkon kaka, na lanƙwashe rassan tare da taimakon shinge na greenhouse, kuma daga baya na sanya lutrasil a daji kuma latsa kayan tare da tubalin ƙasa. Don haka daji da kuma winters a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin bazara na takin ƙasa sau ɗaya, in ya yiwu, ruwa. Ina da gidan bazara a gundumar Dmitrov na Yankin Moscow.
brukvina//irecommend.ru/users/brukvina
Maƙwabcina ya shuka daji ɗaya daga gumi a cikin gidana, kimanin shekaru takwas da suka wuce, saboda haka ba zan iya ba iri suna ba. Da farko, ban ji daɗin yawa ba har sai da na ɗanɗana wannan bishiyar, girman katako mai kyau, daɗaɗɗe, ɗan sabon abu, ja da zinariya, a launi. Yana haifuwa cikin sauƙi, yana bada wella wellan itace sosai, juriya ga sanyi a cikin yanayi na al'ada ne, (banda masu tsananin sanyi sosai), yakanyi ɗanɗano kaɗan, Bazan rabu da shi ba, akasin haka ne - Na dasa wasu karin bushes guda biyu !!!
Karafi//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9828
Ubana yana son duk abin da ba a sani ba. Ina nan a makaranta, wani ya ba shi gumi tsaba. A yankinmu, kusan ba a taɓa samun gumi ba, Ban taɓa riske ta ba ko kaɗan. Baba ya tashe wani karamin daji. Gumi blooms a watan Yuni. A wannan shekara, berries a tsakiyar Yuni sun riga sun fara farawa. Gumi ripens hankali, wani ɓangare na berries ripens, wasu rataye har yanzu kore. Ria berriesan itacen da ba ya da tushe kuma saƙa, berries cikakke suna da ja, mai daɗi da ɗanɗano, ɗan kadan. Tana dandana kyau sosai. A tsakiyar Berry shine ƙashi mai ƙoshin wuta. The berries kansu ma oblong, ƙanana. Cikakken Berry, da jan shi ne. Cikakke berries cikakke suna murƙushewa, musamman lokacin da aka zaɓa su. Spruce bushes, amma ba yawa. Amma har yanzu dole ne ku yi hankali - lokaci-lokaci akwai ƙaya akan rassan, zaku iya tatse hannayenku. Gumi dangi ne na itacen buckthorn na teku. Amma idan ana siyar da dutsen-buckthorn da ƙarfi da babban kuma ana samun shi a kowane mataki, to fa ba za mu ga gumi ko'ina ba ko kaɗan. A kan berries akwai abin kwaikwayo na aibobi na azurfa. Haka kuma akwai irin waɗannan aibobi akan ganyayyaki. Berries na Gumi suna da amfani sosai ga cututtukan hanji da na zuciya. Berriesa'idodin berries suna da bitamin C da yawa, da sauran abubuwan haɗin halittu masu aiki, da kuma amino acid ɗin da jikin yake buƙata. Akwai ƙarin bitamin C a cikin ganyen gumi fiye da ganyen blackcurrant. Za a iya bushe su kuma a yi kiwo kamar shayi don mura.
Mirabilis//irecommend.ru/users/brukvina
Ee, yawan amfanin ƙasa na gumi ba ƙasa da na buckthorn na teku. Berry yana da girma fiye da na buckthorn na teku, kuma dandano, a ganina, ba za a iya kwatanta shi da shi ba. Na yi harbe-harben daskarewa a kusa da Minsk tsawon shekaru yanzu kuma ban sami matsala ba. A ganina, dusar ƙanƙara ba ta da muni sosai don gumi, kamar yadda bushewar iska mai "iska" take gaba da tushen tsananin sanyi. Sabili da haka, Ina kare kawai daga iska, kuma komai yayi kyau tare da ni! Da kyau, watakila ma filoli masu ƙima suna ɗaukar dusar sanyi kaɗan. Ee, babu kwari da cututtuka! Danshi yana da kyau qwarai. Kuma yin magana game da ado shine kawai - karin haske game da kowane zamani. Af, maimakon ƙananan furanni masu kararrawa suna da kyakkyawan ƙanshi. Yana kama da furannin fure, amma kawai mafi taushin hali, marasa sassauƙa, mai ladabi!
leisem//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9828
Gumi gari ne mai kyau - domin dandano iri iri na kyaututtukan lambu, da na faɗi haka. Shekaru 2 na farko da yayi girma, sannan ya hanata sosai. Ina da berries a shekara ta uku. Akwai wata dabara - bayan reddening da berries dole ne a yarda ya rataya ma'aurata more makonni. Ban da haka, suna tafa bakinsu da ƙarfi. Da farko, ina ma son in tumɓuke daji da haushi. Amma sai ya yanke shawara ya jira kuma bai yi kuskure ba. A gare ni sun yi ja a farkon Yuli, kuma akwai su a cikin rabin rabin watan. Haka ne, rauni mai rauni na astringent ya kasance bayan wancan, amma ƙanƙanuwa kuma ba tsoma baki ba. A cikin hunturu, gumi yana buƙatar tsari. A cikin dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi ba tare da mafaka ba, na yi sanyi a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, amma da sauri ya girma - ta faɗuwar gaba gaba ɗaya ya sake girma, amma shekarar ta ɓace. Don haka tanƙwara rassan da murfin - kada ku kasance m, har da dusar ƙanƙara. Duk da haka - kar ku kasance m don germinate da tsaba - sun ce kuna buƙatar daji na biyu don mafi kyawun samuwar ƙwayoyin. Yanda yankewa da yin takarda don wannan aikin pollination basu dace ba - shine ɗaukar hoto na shuka iri ɗaya.
Nikolay K//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=262.0
Fresh berries - ba zaku iya tunanin kwalliya ba! Na yadu da zuriya kawai. Yana yiwuwa da kuma ciyayi, amma an sami ɗan ƙaramin abu mai tsiro. Kowane ƙasa, amma ba mai yawa ba. Yana da matukar kyau a ƙara yashi, humus, ash a loam. Tabbatar da buƙatar ciyawa a lokacin rani (Na mulched da ciyawa, mowed, humus da spruce zuriyar dabbobi). Yana son ruwa, musamman yin ruwa daga rami na ruwa ko tiyo na duk daji.Yauna baya son kwararar ruwa a cikin tushe. Yana son ash. Dankin godiya sosai! Tare da Schisandra na kasar Sin, da masu zane-zanen Actinidia da Inabi, ya kamata Gumi ya girma a cikin kowane lambun!
Eugene-Moscow//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=262.0
My gumi ya yi girma na tsawon shekaru 4. Ba ya buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi na musamman. Na sayo shi a cikin lambu, na dasa karamin daji a cikin rami na dasawa, ƙasa a cikin sod, a ƙarƙashin ciyawar ciyawa, ban taɓa ciyar da komai ba, daji saboda ƙarancin masu zafin ruwa ya fi tsayi Mita 2, akwai berries mai yawa, ɗanɗano ya yi kama da datti ko kuma ceri na tsuntsu, Ni da makwabta suna son shi sosai. Na shuka iri da yawa a watan Oktoba na bara. Sauƙaƙar seedlingsanyan bishiyoyi sun bayyana a cikin bazara (maƙwabta sun yi kama), seedlings suna yin sannu a hankali a farkon shekarar, amma ina tunani a kan shekara mai zuwa zai yuwu a sayar t.Semenami rabo iya ba, saboda Ban shirya ba, kuma ya yi latti don yin shuka a wannan shekara, ya zama dole a watan Satumba don gyarawa.
alex//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=19892
Mun sayi wani daji na Gumi a Cibiyar Nunin Nunin Duk-Rasha, shekara-shekara. Kimanin wata guda ya girma a kan baranda mai walƙiya. Sun sauka kawai a ƙarshen Mayu. A lokacin bazara, ya girma har sau biyu sama da aka kwashe. Na yi sanyi sosai a wannan hunturu ba tare da lalacewa ba. Sun rufe shi da yanki ɗaya na kayan rufewa tun farkon yanayin sanyi a fall. Amma muna da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa akan wurin. Yanzu yana tare da ganye kuma tuni yana ƙoƙarin farawa (ya ga kamar wata buds). Na karanta cewa furanni sun lalace ta daskarewa frosts kuma rassan su daskare ba tare da tsari na dusar ƙanƙara ba, amma ya kamata daji ya sake sabuntawa. Muna ƙoƙarin shuka shi a sararin samaniya ta hanyar lanƙwasa rassan saboda ya rufe dusar ƙanƙara.
Al27//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=19892
Gumi ko goof multiflora kyakkyawan ciyawa ne mai amfani. Ya haɗu da bayyanar ado tare da kyakkyawan girbi na berries na bitamin. A halin yanzu, sha'awar wannan shuka yana karuwa. Wataƙila nan ba da jimawa gwari zai zama sananne kamar mu cherries ko plums.
