ha.pastureone.com
Ornamental shuka girma

Yadda ake girma astilba a cikin Urals

Astilba wani tsire-tsire ne na rhizomatous wanda yana da madaidaiciya mai tushe kuma yayi girma zuwa tsawo na 2 m.

A shuka blossoms tare da isasshen lush da manyan buds, wanda astilba ne sosai ƙaunar da flower growers.

Dabbobi masu dacewa

Astilbe yana da nau'o'in iri daban-daban da nau'o'in bambancin, wanda ake amfani da shi a wasu sassan duniya.

Shin kuna sani? Astilbe ta sami sunansa saboda sunan Ubangiji Hamilton na Scotland, wanda, yayin da yake kwatanta wani sabon shuka, ya lura da cewa kwayoyin halitta da ganye basu da kyau. Saboda haka, ya zama sanannun "astilba", wanda ke nufin "ba tare da mai haske ba."
Ka yi la'akari da irin nauyin astilba, wanda za'a iya shuka a cikin Urals, saboda suna da rashin amfani ga yanayin girma:

  • Jafananci - shuka iri-iri da ta kai ga tsawo na 80 cm, wani fasali shine farkon flowering. A inflorescences ne fari ko ruwan hoda a launi, da ganye na iya zama m da ornamental.
  • Kasar Sin - Dabbobin da ke tsiro har zuwa 100 cm. Yana da manyan ganye a tushe, da kuma kusantar inflorescences - karami. A shuka blooms, yafi Lilac furanni, yayin da ciwon wani abu m inflorescences.
  • Astilbe Arends - Abubuwan da aka samo ta ta hanyar tsayar da tauraron Dawuda tare da wasu nau'in. A sakamakon sakamakon kiwo, an samo asali masu yawa daga tsirrai na shuka. Wannan iri-iri na iya kaiwa tsawo na 150 cm kuma yana da siffar mai siffar zobe ko siffar conical.
  • Prostolistnaya - Dabbobi da yawa wadanda suka kai kimanin 55 cm suna da yawa game da yanayin yanayi da watering mita. Flowering a cikin wannan iri-iri yana da farin launi, thinned da inflorescences iska.

Yadda zaka zaba seedlings lokacin sayen

Domin saya kyakkyawar kyakkyawan launi, dole ne ka tuntuɓi gidan kantin na musamman.

Lokacin sayen rhizomes na astilbe, wajibi ne a kula da gaskiyar cewa kunshin ba shi da lalacewa, da kuma sawdust da peat yi aiki a matsayin kasa mai laushi, kuma kasar gona ta zama damp.

Bugu da ƙari, astilba, pansies, armeria, rassan Ingila, masara, gladioli, gypsophila paniculata, shukin azurfaweed, karrarawa, clematis, da kuma bishiyoyi na itacen oak suna rarrabe ta tsawon flowering.
Tsire-tsire dole ne ya dace da wadannan bukatun:

  • barci.
  • ba su da kodadde da kuma rukuni harbe;
  • Dole ne tushen ya zama lafiya, mai daɗi kuma tsabta;
  • Har ila yau, rhizome kada ta kasance mai bushe, ta juyayi ko ta ragu;
  • Kada a sami alamun cututtukan cuta, mildew, tsummoki mai yatsa, juyayi ko alamar m;
  • dole ne inji yayi girma buds.
Tushen Tushen Asti za a iya saya tun kafin dasa shuki, saboda an kiyaye su a cikin wani wuri mai dadi. A lokaci guda ana bada shawarar su adana a firiji.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata a tuna da shi: idan shuka ya riga ya fara tadawa, to babu wani hali sai ku aika shi a wuri mai sanyi, in ba haka ba zai mutu.

Zaɓi wuri

Wajibi ne a zabi wuri don saukowa musamman a hankali, sabili da haka kula da waɗannan shawarwari:

  1. Furen furanni yana rarraba haske.
  2. Don sanin inda za a dasa astilba a kan shafin, kana buƙatar la'akari da cewa yana da kyau a sauya inuwa kuma yana da kyau tsakanin itatuwa da gine-gine.
  3. Lokacin zabar ƙasa, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da cewa haske ne kuma yana riƙe da danshi sosai.
  4. Ganye ba ya jure wa ruwa mai mahimmanci, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci don tabbatar da tsabtace kyau ko kuma dasa a kan ƙasa.
  5. Tun da furanni ya fi son iska mai iska, idan zai yiwu, yana da kyau a zabi wani shafin kusa da tafki.

Shirye-shiryen aikin kafin saukowa

Kafin dasa shuki astilba, kulawa dole ne a dauki ƙasa. Don yin wannan, mirgine sama da mãkirci, cire asalinsu na weeds, da takin kasar gona tare da naman alade, takin ko bazuwar peat, ta yin amfani da 2 buckets kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta ta mita 1. ma'auni mita.

Dasa seedlings

Tambayar da ke da muhimmanci ga masu sha'awar farawa: lokacin da za su dasa astilba a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara. Saboda haka, an bada shawarar shuka shuka a karshen watan Mayu.

Shawarwari don dasa shuki:

  1. Lokacin da dasa shuki wata furanni, wajibi ne a ci gaba da nesa kuma dasa shi a cikin hanyar da distance tsakanin bushes zai kai 40 cm.
  2. Na gaba, kana buƙatar tono rami zuwa zurfinsa kuma nisa ya 30 cm.
  3. A ƙasa fada barci gilashin kashi ci abinci, kadan humus da grams 30 na hadaddun taki don shuke-shuke ornamental.
  4. Bayan wannan taki ya yayyafa ƙasa kadan, kuma zaka iya fara dasa shuki tushen astilbe.
  5. Idan ƙasa a lokacin digging ba rigar isa ba, to, ya kamata a shayar da shi kafin dasa shuki.
  6. Ana dasa shuki a zurfin 20 cm, yayin da ya wajaba don tabbatar da cewa matasan da ke faruwa ba su nutse a ƙasa da Layer Layer fiye da 5 cm.

Zaɓin makwabcin

Makullin mai kyau mai kyau kuma yanayin yanayin astil yana dauke da tsire-tsire tare da wasu tsire-tsire.

Kyakkyawan samfurori:

  • fern;
  • Siren Siberia;
  • runduna;
  • badan;
  • geykhera;
  • Tsarell;
  • geranium;
  • karrarawa.
Har ila yau, tare da astilba, primroses na girma sosai, irin su gravilat, doronicum, swimsuit, da iberis.

Gwaninta sosai kafin astilba za su dubi perennials, misali: hatsi, zhivuchka, yaskolka, cibiya, kamnelomka.

Shin kuna sani? Astilbe ya fara zaɓar jiki a cikin karni na XIX: a wannan lokacin har zuwa nau'in iri iri 400, yawancin su har yanzu suna ci gaba a duniya.

Yadda za a kula

Astilba an dauke shi tsire-tsire ne, don haka bai dauki lokaci mai yawa ko hankali ba. Duk da haka, akwai alamu wanda dole ne a yi la'akari idan ka yanke shawarar shuka astilba a yankinka. Gaskiyar ita ce tana da bambanci ga ci gaban rhizomes a cikin manyan yadudduka na ƙasa da kuma ragewar ƙananan sassa na tushen tare da lokaci. Bugu da kari, tsarin abinci na astilba yana bar ba tare da wani abinci mai gina jiki ba, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci don aiwatar da samfurin ƙasa a lokaci.

Daban-daban kayan aiki sun dace da mulching:

  • yankakken bambaro;
  • taki;
  • takin;
  • babban sliver;
  • yankuna na haushi;
  • launi ko kumbura kumbura;
  • lowat peat.
Kowane lokacin rani, kana buƙatar sabunta layin kwalliya, da kuma a cikin bazara, a lokacin da dasa shuki shuki, ana yin mulching domin ya yi sanyi sosai. Har ila yau, wani tsari na ciyawa zai ba da izinin ƙasa don rike da ruwa mai kyau, amma a lokaci guda zai tabbatar da isasshen iska, don taimakawa ya faru da cututtuka na fure da kuma ci gaban weeds a kusa da tauraron.

Watering

Tun da furanni yana son danshi, dole ne a shayar da shi sau da yawa kuma da alheri. Musamman ya kamata kula da watering a lokacin rani, a lokacin fari. Dole ne a yi watering da safe da maraice.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kar ka bari ƙasa ta bushe, saboda zai iya rinjayar da kayan ado da yanayin shuka.

Gizon daji

Gwajin kifi yana cikin ɓangare na kulawa da fure, musamman ma a farkon shekarun, astilbe zai girma zuwa girman da ake so kuma tsarin tushen zai kara karfi.

A wannan lokaci, an bada shawara don cire weeds kusa da shuka, sassauta ƙasa kuma hana tushen weeds daga squeezing fitar ko raunana tushen furen.

Top dressing

Ganin cewa astilba yana da ƙananan bishiyoyin da ke kawo karshen ƙasa sosai, an bada shawara akan gudanar da haɗuwa a yau.

Na farko gabatarwa mafi kyau yi a watan Afrilu, ta amfani da nitrogen da takin mai magani ko humus. An yi amfani da takarda na biyu a watan Yuni tare da wani bayani na gishiri mai gishiri: ana shayar da kowane daji tare da lita na saman miya.

Ana yin gyaran na uku a lokacin da tsire-tsire ta shuka, kuma ana amfani da superphosphates: ana amfani da su 15 grams a kowace shuka.

Kafin kayi amfani da taki, dole ne a shayar da bishiyoyi da kyau, kuma bayan an yi amfani da ruwan gona sai ya bushe. Bugu da ari, ƙasa yana da kyau fashe da ciyawa.

Yakin da cututtuka da kwari

Da kowane irin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, astilba za a iya fallasa su da cututtuka da kwari.

Yana da muhimmanci musamman don rarrabe pennitsa, gallic da strawberry nematode.

Tare da shan kashi na astilbe pennitsy leaf stalks saya growths da suke kama da kumfa. A cikin wadannan tsarin, haɗin gwiwar cicadal larvae ya auku, kuma ganyayyaki na furen ya bushe kuma ya juya rawaya. Wadannan kwari suna da hatsarin gaske, don haka idan ba ku dauki matakan a lokaci ba, furen ya mutu sosai da sauri.

Strawberry da kwayar nematode tana shafar ɓangaren tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa: a ƙarƙashin rinjayarsa, deforms na astilbe, ya rufe shi da spots, kuma girman ya hana. Har ila yau, ƙwayar cuta tana shafar tushen tsarin, akwai bayyanar ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin nau'i na growths, cikin abin da alamun suka shirya. An yi nasarar shan kashi na kwari a cikin hana ci gaban, rashin flowering - a nan gaba majiyar zata mutu.

Don magance wadannan kwari, ana bada shawarar shuka shuka don kwari, bisa ga umarnin don amfani. Magunguna masu amfani sune:

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ba a dauki matakan kulawa da ƙwayoyin kwari a lokaci, to, za a lalace da tsire-tsire mai tsanani don kada su cutar da samfurori masu kyau.

Daga cututtuka wanda astilba ke da wuya, wadannan zasu iya bambanta:

  1. Kuskuren kwayar cutar. Haka kuma cutar tana rinjayar ganyen shuka, yayin da suke saya baki. Idan lokaci bai dauki matakan magance cutar ba, to, astilba ƙarshe ya mutu kuma ya mutu. Don magance wannan cuta, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da kwayoyi da suke da jan ƙarfe a cikin abun da suke ciki.
  2. Tushen tushen Har ila yau, sau da yawa yana rinjayar astilba, musamman ma idan ba a bin dokoki na ruwa ba kuma an yarda da ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Idan furen ya rigaya ya isa girma, ba zai mutu ba, amma ba zai yi fure ba. Idan tsire-tsire ya yi ƙanƙara da raunana, sa'annan, mafi mahimmanci, zai mutu. Domin kawar da wannan cuta, ana fitar da furen kuma ya yanke dukkan ganye, kuma ya cire tushen asara. Bayan an shuka shi a cikin sabon sabbin ƙasa. Kafin dasa shuki, ana ajiye shuka a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate.
  3. Phytoplasma da cututtukan cututtuka. Irin wannan matsala na iya faruwa idan ka rigaya saya kayan shuka mai gina jiki ko amfani da ƙasa gurbatacce. Wadannan tsire-tsire ba su da kyau don magani, don haka yana da muhimmanci sosai don zaɓar astilba a lokacin sayen ku da kuma saya idan tsire-tsire suna da mummunan bayyanar ko an kawo su daga nisa.

Ana shirya don hunturu

Dole ne a ba da babbar hankali a lokacin da ake ci da kumfa a shekara ta farko, lokacin da tsire-tsire ya kamata ya kara karfi domin ya jure wa hunturu mai zuwa. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata ya yanke dukkan furen furen kuma bai bada izinin shuka ba. A wannan yanayin, dukkanin sojojin dakarun astilba za a yarda suyi tushe da kuma samar da buds a kan asalinsu.

Astilba an dauke su sosai a yanayin zafi, saboda haka a cikin hunturu zaka iya yin ba tare da tsari ba, amma a wasu lokuta har yanzu ya zama dole.

Mazan da shuka, yawancin juriya ga mummunan yanayi ya ɓace.

Yana da muhimmanci! Saboda gaskiyar cewa a kowace shekara tushen tsarin shuka ya fi girma a cikin ƙasa, astilba na iya mutuwa saboda shekaru 4 bayan dasawa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar tsananin sanyi.

Har ila yau, idan ba a cika lokacin bazara na sake yin amfani da tsohuwar astilb ba, to, dole ne a warke su saboda hunturu. Don yin tsire-tsire a tsire-tsire, dole ne a yanka katako da kuma kafa wani ƙwayar karfe a sama da shi, wanda aka cika da ganye a ciki, kuma an rufe shi da spunbond ko lutrasil a saman. Zai yiwu a kare daga danshi tare da filastik filastik, wanda ya rufe dukkan tsari kuma latsa ƙasa tare da tubalin. Bugu da ƙari, wajibi ne a rufe wadannan tsire-tsire da suka tsira daga lokacin zafi da bushe: an dauke su da raunana kuma zasu je a wannan yanayin don hunturu. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a sanya su a cikin hanyar da aka saba da su.

Idan astilba lafiya ne kuma matasa, to, shiri don hunturu zai zama mai sauki. Da farkon yanayin sanyi, ɓangaren ƙasa na astilbe ya mutu, saboda haka an bada shawara a yanke shi a ƙarshen kaka, cire gaba daya zuwa harkar ƙasa. Yankin da aka cire da kuma inda aka samo tushensu ya kamata a rufe shi da ƙasa, har zuwa 4 cm a tsawo. Sa'an nan kuma ciyawa tare da humus ko peat.

Hanyar ƙwayar kayan lambu

Astilbe sau da yawa ana girma ne ta hanyar yaduwa. Ana amfani da tsaba sosai ba a amfani da shi a gida ba. Saboda haka, zamu yi la'akari da yadda za mu yada astilbu ta rarraba daji da kodan.

Raba daji

Yana da sauƙi don fadada astilba rarraba tsofaffi daji. Ana gudanar da wannan tsari a cikin kaka ko lokacin bazara don kowane ɓangare yana da alamar girma da maki da kuma isasshen adadin asali don ciyarwa.

Yana da muhimmanci! A yanka a kan tushen dole ne a sarrafa gawayi, wanda shine pre-grind.

Astilba da aka dasa bayan rarraba a ƙasa mai mahimmanci ya zama dole kuma a cikin yanayin da aka saba da shi. Abin sani kawai wajibi ne don kula da ruwa - ya kamata a kullum.

Kodan

Astilba za a iya yadawa ta hanyar rabuwa da kodan:

  1. Hanyar ƙaddamar da ƙananan matasa yana gudana a cikin idon ruwa, lokacin da harbe ke fara girma, kuma an yanka bishiyoyi tare da ɓangare na tushen.
  2. Yankunan da aka lalace a cikin yanke dole ne a rufe su da ash.
  3. Ya kamata a yi watsi da cututtukan da aka yanke a cikin cakuda peat da tsakuwa a cikin wani rabo na 3 zuwa 1 kuma an rufe shi da fim bayan dasa.
  4. Dole ne a dasa shuki a matsayin wuri mai dindindin a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa.
Ya kamata a lura cewa astilba wata kyakkyawar shuka ce mai kyau wadda take da sauƙin girma har ma a Urals. Yana da muhimmanci a bi shawarar da shawarwari game da dasa shuki da kula da astilba don samun yawan furanni da kuma kula da kayan ado na wannan shuka.

Interesting Articles