Exakum itaciya ce mai tsananin kyau da haske, tana daɗaɗɗen daji a cikin tukunya. A cikin yanayi, ana samun nau'ikan shekara-shekara da tsararraki. Mai yawa kananan furanni m Bloom on a lokacin farin ciki mai siffar zobe kambi. Don bayyanar kama da fure mai fure, ana shuka tsire-tsire wani lokacin ana kiranta violet ɗin Persia. Kuna iya siyan daskararre ba kawai don bukatunku ba, har ma azaman kyauta mai ban mamaki. Wannan mawuyacin hali mara misaltawa yana da kyau don ado ɗakuna, baranda da verandas.
Bayanin Shuka
Exan asalin exakuma yana daga dangin Gent. Shuke-shuke suna zaune a cikin ƙasashen Kudancin da gabashin Asiya, da kuma a cikin Malesiya. Exzakum yana da busasshen tushe, ƙyallen fibrous, waɗanda suke cikin ƙananan yadudduka na ƙasa. Cikin duhu kore fleshy mai tushe ne don haka densely rufe da ganye cewa yana da matukar wuya a bincika su daga gefe. Tsawon kambi mai zagaye ba ya wuce cm 30. Ana yin shinge sosai kuma an rufe shi da wadatar.
M kore kore ganye suna a haɗe zuwa mai tushe a takaice petioles. A kan farantin takardar mai cike da haske, jijiyoyin wuya na taimako zuwa sama suna bayyana. Tsawon ganyen tsallake ko rhomboid ya kai 3.5 cm .. gefen gefen ganye yana da laushi, an nuna ƙarshen.
Yawancin furanni yana farawa a watan Mayu kuma zai kai tsawon watanni huɗu. A takaice, shinge mai wuya, maras kyau, fure furannin furanni. An shirya furannin furanni a cikin layuka ɗaya ko sama. Girman dutsen da aka bude shine kusan cm 1.5. Ana iya fentin dabbobi a fari, ruwan hoda, Lilac ko shunayya. Babban abin alfahari ya kunshi kasassuwar rawaya da kuma kwai. Furanni sun ɗanɗano daɗin ƙanshi mai daɗi. Wasu lambu suna kwatanta shi da ƙanshi na cranberries.
Sakamakon pollination, ƙwanƙwaran ƙwanƙwarar ƙwaya na bakin ciki tare da yawancin ƙananan tsaba sun girma a maimakon furanni.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Kimanin nau'ikan nau'ikan 30 na yanayin rayuwa an samo su cikin yanayi. Amma a kasarmu kawai biyu daga cikinsu suna girma cikin al'ada. Masu shayarwa kuma sun buge da nau'in kayan ado da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta launuka da tsarin furanni. Fulatan furanni na iya siyan iri-iri da suke so ko ƙirƙirar haɓakawar wasu abubuwa tare da launuka daban-daban.
Yanada alaka da kasashen waje shine mafi mashahuri kuma nau'ikan sauƙaƙe mai sauƙi. Dankin ya samar da wata ciyawar ciyawa mai dumbin yawa tare da tsayi da fadin faɗin cm cm Yawancin lokaci, kowane samfurin yana rayuwa shekaru 1-2, to, sake sabuntawa ya zama dole. A kan madaidaiciyar m mai tushe kusa da juna suna guda biyu, guda ganye. M faranti-faranti 3-4 cm tsayi ana fenti mai haske kore. Ana bambanta Veins ta inuwa mai haske. Itatuwan fure mai ciyawa shine a saman asalin mai tushe. Single mai sauƙin amfani tare da diamita na 1.5 cm kunshi zagaye petals da kuma karfi da protruding core.
Daga cikin nau'ikan kayan ado akwai nau'ikan fure tare da fure mai sauƙi. Ya danganta da launi, ana bambance iri:
- Fuskokin idanu masu launin shuɗi, mai ban sha'awa mai launin shuɗi - an zana furannin a cikin tabarau daban-daban na launin shuɗi da shuɗi;
- Farin tauraron, fararen leprechaun - tsire-tsire masu fure-fararen furanni.
Exacum uku-veined. Dankin yana da girma a girmansa, tsayin daji yakai cm 50. Dama yana da kyau sosai, yana cike da launin fata mai launin shuɗi. Kwayar ko m ganye a haɗe zuwa harbe tare da takaice petioles. A kan foliage, ainahin hancin 3 na walƙiya, amma ba bambanta inuwa ake iya gani ba. A lokacin furanni, furanni da yawa, fure-fure biyar-fure suna warwatse ko'ina cikin kambi. Asalinsu ya ƙunshi gajeru amma shuɗewar farin ciki. Dabbobin sun fi tsayayya wa sanyi kuma sunada yawa shekaru. Aka rarraba a Sri Lanka.
Barin waje
Itatuwan tsire-tsire mai yaduwar ƙwayar itace yana yaduwa ta zuriya da kuma hanyoyin tsirrai. Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a kaka a cikin m yashi da peat ƙasa. Ya kamata a gwada ƙananan hatsi a rarraba a ƙasa, ba lallai ba ne don yayyafa a saman ƙasa. An rufe tukunya da gilashi ko fim kuma a saka a cikin wurin dumi. Kowace rana, na mintina 15-20, an kori iska. Shafin daga zuriya yana yin yakar bayan kwanaki 14-18. Harbi yana tasowa da sauri. Tare da zuwan ganyen ganye na 4, matasa masu tsirrai suna nutse cikin kananan tukwane daban. Da bazara, zasu haɓaka kambi mai ban sha'awa kuma zasu fara fure.
Daga bushes bushes, za a iya yanka iri apical. An zaɓi harbe tare da ɗakunan ciki guda 3 zuwa 5 cm 8. Za a iya yin yankan yadace a cikin ruwa ba tare da tsari ko a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ba. Tushen suna bayyana bayan kwanaki 10-14. Ana dasa tsire-tsire zuwa kananan tukwane tare da ƙasa don fure furanni. Ta wannan hanyar yaduwa, fure na iya bayyana watanni 2 bayan dasawa.
Siffofin Girma
Kulawa da karin girma a gida baya buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai. Saboda ɗan gajeren rayuwar rayuwa, furanni da sauri suna haɓakawa kuma suna da daɗi tare da kyakkyawa mai ƙyalli. Exacum da wuya ake dasa shi. Yawancin lokaci yana tasowa da kyau a cikin tukunya mai kafa tare da diamita na 7-10 cm. Tsarin laka na yumɓu ko yumɓu wanda aka faɗaɗa yana kwance a ƙasa tare da kauri na kusan 3 cm.
Ya kamata a zaɓi ƙasa mai haske da numfashi. Matsakaicin acidic ko tsaka tsaki na:
- ƙasar turf
- ganye humus;
- peat;
- tukunyar ƙasa
- yashi.
Don samun kurmi mai lush, zaku iya shuka 2-3 a cikin tukunya ɗaya.
Don exakum sama wurare masu haske. Yawan launuka ya dogara da haske. Harbe ba su tsoron fitowar hasken rana kai tsaye, amma a ranakun zafi ana bada shawara don shawo kan ɗakin sau da yawa ko sanya tukunya a cikin iska mai tsayi. Babu buƙatar inuwa bushes. Ana iya dasa nau'ikan shekara-shekara a ƙarshen Mayu a cikin ƙasa buɗe, inda za su zama kayan ado na ban mamaki na kan iyaka ko furen fure. Yana da kyau a zabi wuraren da iska mara iska.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 17 ... +20 ° C. Ba lallai ba ne a samar da hutawa ko canjin yanayin zafin jiki. Sanyaya a ƙasa +13 ° C yana haifar da faɗuwar hankali na ganye da mutuwar shuka.
Wajibi ne a shayar da mashigar ruwa a kai a kai kuma yalwatacce, wanda ya sa ƙasa ta kasance da ɗan daɗi. Amma ba shi yiwuwa ambaliyar da keɓaɓɓen, in ba haka ba za a ci gaba da jujjuya tushen. Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwa mai laushi.
Dankin ya fi son iska mai daɗi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar a kai a kai fitar da harbe daga bindigar da aka fesa. Idan gidan yana da akwatin kifin ko marmaro, zai fi kyau a sanya tukwane kusa da shi.
Kowane kwanaki 10-14, ana shayar da labulen tare da bayani na takin zamani don furanni na cikin gida. Yi amfani da mahaɗin ma'adinai don tsire-tsire na fure.
Exacum baya buƙatar pruning don samar da kambi. Branazanta masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke da reshe ɗin daban-daban suna ɗaukar hoto mai sihiri. Don ƙara kyakkyawa, kuna buƙatar cire fure wilted. Don ƙirƙirar tsaba, pollinate furanni tare da buroshi ko fallasa su zuwa iska mai kyau, inda kwari zasu iya tashi sama zuwa shuka.
Tare da kulawa ta dace, exakum baya fama da cututtukan shuka. Fuskokinta na lush na lokaci-lokaci ana kaiwa hari ta hanyar gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphids da ji. Mafi yawan lokuta suna fitowa ne lokacin da iska ta bushe sosai. Kuna iya kawar da kwari tare da taimakon ɗumi mai ruwa mai ɗumi da kwari.
