Iberis shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire na fure ɗan asalin ƙasar Rum. Ya kasance ga dangin Cruciferous kuma ana wakilta shi da ganye na shekara-shekara da tsirrai da ke da tsawan sanyi. Hakanan ana iya samun Iberis a ƙarƙashin sunayen "stennik" da "namiji". A lokacin furanni, m kore harbe an rufe dusar ƙanƙara na laima inflorescences. Tsire-tsire suna yin ado da kyau gonar da wuraren shakatawa, suna cika iska a ciki tare da ƙanshin zuma mai daɗi. Saboda kyakkyawarsa da kuma saukin kulawa, Iberis ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu lambu. Wadanda basu riga sun mai da hankali ga wannan fure ba tabbas ya dube shi.
Bayanin Botanical
Iberis shine perennial da shuka shekara-shekara tare da sanda rhizome. Dama ko kuma masauki mai tushe an rufe shi da ganye kuma ya samar da wata m kore kore 25-35 cm tsayi. Haske kore ko duhu kore ganyelessless ganye zauna a kara sake. Tsayin su, cm 4-7 cm. Farar takarda tana da kunkuntar katako ko fasalin kewayawa tare da zagaye mai zagaye.
A watan Yuni-Yuli, wani lokacin kuma a lokacin bazara, a kan firam daka laima inflorescences fure har zuwa 5 cm a diamita. Sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni masu yawa tare da diamita na 1-1.5 cm. Corolla ya haɗa da furanni 4 na launuka daban-daban na fari, rawaya, lilac ko ruwan hoda . Tushen furen yana da rawaya mai haske kuma yana kunshe da gajeru amma bakin ciki da bakin ciki. Furen Iberis yana da yawa sosai saboda a wannan lokacin ana iya kwatanta tsire-tsire da girgije ko kuma dusar ƙanƙara. Hakanan yana haɗuwa da ƙanshi mai daɗaɗa mai ƙarfi. Shuka itace kyakkyawan zuma. Bayan pollination, kananan oblate pods biyu ganye ripen. A ciki akwai ƙananan tsaba masu launin ruwan kasa.
Jinsuna da nau'ikan ado
Harshen Iberis yana da tsire-tsire sama da 30. Bugu da kari, shayarwa sun buge da nau'ikan kayan ado na ado, wanda zai baka damar ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ba'a saba dasu ba a gonar.
Iberis yana da kullun. Tsarin Perennial yana zaune a kudancin Turai da Minan Asiya. Tsawonta ya kai cm 30 zuwa 40. Ganyen fari masu ɗumbin launuka masu launuka masu faɗi suna kasancewa tare da tsayin tsintsiya. Girman farantin fararen oval guda ɗaya bai wuce cm 7. A watan Yuni, yawancin laima na fure. Girman dansandan yakai kimanin cm 1.5. Idan ka yanke furanni mai bushe, to a tsakiyar watan Agusta zai sake yin fure. Nau'in kayan ado:
- Little Jam - mai ruwan sama har zuwa 12 cm tsayi, fure fure-fari furanni;
- Dusar kankara - labule mai duhu mai duhu 20-25 cm babba kuma har zuwa 45 cm a diamita tare da fararen furanni.
Iberis laima ce. A wannan shekarun da aka yi wa lakabi mai tushe 40 girma a santimita 40. An rufe su da launin ruwan kasa mai laushi-kore mai laushi da ƙananan duka ganye. A Yuni, mutane da yawa masu yawa corymbose inflorescences tare da dusar ƙanƙara-fararen m furanni Bloom. Sun yi fure sama da watanni biyu. Iri:
- Red Rash - ɗan itacen da ke da kusan 30 cm an rufe shi da inflorescences carmine-ja;
- Mafarki Mai Ruwan Hoda - da yawa ƙananan furanni masu ruwan hoda masu haske mai haske sama da shuɗi mai duhu mai duhu, wannan tsire-tsire mai jure sanyi yana tsayayya da ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Iberis Gibraltarsky. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin shekaru ba tare da wadataccen ciyawa ba, ciyayi masu iska suna fitar da harbewa. An rufe su da ƙananan lanceolate ganye. A saman an yi wa ado da ruwan hoda ko farin laima inflorescences. Tsire-tsire suna dacewa da wuraren yin dutse. Shahararren shahararrun '' Candy Tuft ''. A farkon farawa, an rufe daji da hat na furanni na Lilac, amma sannu a hankali sai furannin suna haskakawa da fara zama fararen fata.
Iberis yana da dutse. Wani tsiro mai tsiro har zuwa 15 cm tsayi ya fara farawa tun a ƙarshen watan Afrilu. An adana furanni don watanni 1-1.5. A wannan lokacin, an rufe murfin ƙasa da ƙasa mai shuɗi tare da ƙaƙƙarfan haske mai ruwan hoda ko farin hat na fure. Iri:
- Pygmaea ɗan ƙasa ne mai tsayi 10 cm da ƙananan furanni fari;
- Weiss Riesen - wani yanki mai tsayi 30 cm tsayi an rufe shi da daskararren dusar kankara;
- Hyacinthin Blutig Riesen - shuka mai fure mai fure.
Girma da dasa Iberis
Mafi sau da yawa, Iberis yana girma daga tsaba, kodayake ana iya yaduwar nau'in perennial a cikin ciyawar. Ana shuka tsaba a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude ko a baya don seedlings. Fulawa yawanci yakan fara watanni 2-3 ne bayan fitowar sa. A cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana shuka tsaba a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Don tsawanta fure, 'yan lambu suna yin shuka a matakai da yawa da yawa na makonni 3-4. Sannan, farkon tsire-tsire na fure za'a maye gurbinsu da albarkatun gona daga baya. Ya kamata ku zaɓi yanki mai cike da fitila, buɗe ƙasa tare da ƙasa mai ƙanshi, ƙasa mara lahani. Tsaba suna a cikin rarraba a cikin tsummoki kuma an yayyafa su tare da ƙasa. Idan ya cancanta, ba da ruwa a ƙasa. Lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, an fizge bakinsu saboda nisan dake tsakanin tsirrai shine 12 - 15 cm.
M crates tare da yashi da peat ƙasa an shirya don seedling namo. An rarraba ƙananan tsaba a farfajiya kuma an matse su da plaque. Yayyafa a saman ba lallai ba ne. Akwatin an rufe shi da gilashi kuma a ajiye shi a wani wuri mai kyau, mai dumama (+ 15 ... + 18 ° C). Lokaci-lokaci kuna buƙatar kunna iska da feshin amfanin gona. Harbe yana bayyana a tsakanin makonni 1-4. Daga wannan lokacin, an cire matsuguni. Itatuwan tsire-tsire sun yi narkar da tukwane dabam.
Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar Mayu, lokacin da hatsarin daren sanyi ya ɓace. A kudanci, zaku iya yi tun da farko. Shouldasa ya kamata ta kasance mai daɗaɗa, loamy ko yashi loam. Ilsasan da aka zaɓa tare da tsaka tsaki ko maganin alkaline. Idan ya cancanta, an kara lemun tsami a ƙasa. Lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci kada ku lalata rhizomes na Iberis mai ƙanshi. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya dogara da iri-iri kuma shine 15-25 cm. Ba kwa buƙatar zurfafa tushen wuya. To, ƙasa tana da ƙarfi kuma tana shayar a hankali.
Manyan, manyan tsiro na bazara a farkon bazara za'a iya raba su da yawa sassa. Don wannan, an haƙa dasa shuka kuma a yanka a gindi. Nan da nan shuka da delenki a cikin ƙasa.
A lokacin bazara, za a iya yanka cutukan apical kuma kafe. Don yin wannan, yanke harbe 8 cm tsayi da tushe a cikin ƙasa mai laushi a ƙarƙashin kaho. Lokacin da ƙananan harbe suka fara bayyana, an cire matsuguni, kuma tsire-tsire tare da babban dunƙule na duniya ana dasa su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. Kwancen harbe a kan aiwatar da haɓaka suna ba da asalinsu, ana iya rabasu kuma a dasa su a cikin sabon wuri a ko'ina cikin lokacin dumi.
Kulawar waje
Iberis shine tsire-tsire marasa fassara wanda ke haɓaka da kyau har ma da lambu mai laushi. Yana buƙatar ɗaukar ɗakun fili, mai cike da haske. Ko da a cikin inuwa m, fure ya zama ƙasa da yawa. A shuka a kullum yarda da zayyana da lokaci-lokaci sanyaya.
Ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai don kada ruwa ya tara a tushen. A cikin ruwa sama sosai, akwai isasshen ruwan sama na halitta. Iberis takin sau biyu ko sau uku a shekara. Cikakken tsari na ma'adinai irin su Kemer galibi ana amfani dasu. Hakanan zaka iya ciyar da furanni tare da maganin Mullein.
A ƙarshen fure, ya kamata a datse firam na harbe. Don haka kyawawan greenery zasu sami bayyananniyar yanayin da yafi kyau, tare da sake tunawa da lawn yau da kullun. A ƙarshen hanyoyin, sabon fure fure na iya samun lokaci don ƙirƙirar, wanda ke nufin cewa a watan Agusta, maimaita fure yana yiwuwa.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
A kan nauyi mai nauyi da rigar ƙasa, Iberis yana fama da cututtukan fungal. Idan wasu wakilan dangin Cruciferous sun girma a shafin kafin, da yiwuwar gurɓatar da ƙasa da keb ɗin kabeji yana da yawa. Ya zauna a cikin ƙasa shekaru da yawa kuma yana da illa ga asalin sa. Kafin dasa shuki, yana da kyau a gudanar da jiyya ta kasa tare da maganin kashe kwari.
Daga cikin kwari, Iberis zai iya shafar mealybugs, earthen fleas da aphids. Lokacin da ramuka da alamomi suka bayyana a jikin ganye, yana da gaggawa a gudanar da maganin kashe kwari (Aktara, Fitoverm, Mospilan).
Amfani da Shuka
Iberis yana da kyau a cikin rukunin rukuni a kan tsaunin dutse, a cikin tsaunukan dutse da kan tuddai. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don ado kan iyakoki, da kuma a cikin kwantena - akan baranda. Fulawa Iberis bushes yayi kyau sosai a bangon conifers. A cikin lambun furanni ana iya haɗe su da karrarawa, gazania, phlox, marigolds.
Inflorescences akan tsayi mai tushe, halayyar nau'ikan matsakaici, za'a iya yanke shi don yin bouquets. A cikin kayan ado, za su tsaya na kwanaki 7-10. A wasu ƙasashe, ana cinye harbe matasa. Suna da daɗin ɗanɗano a cikin dandano kuma suna kama da tsintsiya.
