Chubushnik wani yanki ne mai yaduwa mai lalacewa ko kuma shukar daga dangin Hortensian. Asalin mahaifarta shine Arewacin Amurka, Turai da Gabashin Asiya. Mafi sau da yawa a cikin lambuna, wuraren shakatawa, mockwort suna girma kamar jasmine, suna yarda cewa ƙarshen shine wanda ke girma akan shafin. Haƙiƙa, ƙanshin furanni na waɗannan tsirrai guda biyu suna da alaƙa iri ɗaya. Chubushnik ya sami suna ne saboda ya sanya bututu masu shan taba - chubuki - daga rassa. Katako mai kyan gani wanda aka lullube da gajimare mai ƙanshi ana yin amfani da shi wajen ƙirar gari. Kula da su ba nauyi bane, saboda haka ana samun mockwort a yawancin gonakin lambun.
Bayanin Shuka
Chubushnik wani zamani ne mai cike da yaduwa mai yaduwa 0,5 3.5 mai tsayi. An yi masa fenti da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. A cikin ƙananan reshe na reshe lignify da kauri, amma mafi yawan harbi ya kasance mai bakin ciki da sassauƙa. Sakamakon haka, daji yayi kama da babban maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.
A kan ƙananan matasa, akasarin ganyen petiole na ovu, m ko elongated form yayi girma. Tsawon su shine cm 5 cm .. An rufe saman fata mai laushi mai laushi duhu launi mai shuɗewa a tsaye.
Daga Mayu-Yuni, mockwort fure fure sako-sako da tsefe inflorescences a ƙarshen matasa harbe da kuma a cikin axils na ganye. A cikin goga ɗaya, akwai alamun 3-9. Furannin furanni masu sauki ko biyu a diamita sune 25-60 mm. Kayan filayensu fentin fararen fata ne ko fararen fata. Furanni sun fitar da kamshi mai ɗaci, mai daɗin ɗanɗano. Wasu nau'ikan suna jin warin kamar strawberries ko Citrus. An nuna furannin furanni daga wani yanki na bakin ciki da kuma bakin kwaro daya.
Ƙanshin kamshi yana jawo yawancin kwari. Bayan pollination, kwalaye iri tare da 3-5 nests girma. Suna ƙunshe da ƙanana, ƙura irin. A cikin 1 g na iri akwai kusan raka'a 8000.
Iri da ba'a
A cikin halittar Chubushnik akwai dan kadan sama da nau'in tsire-tsire 60. Wasu daga cikinsu:
Chubushnik coronet. Itace mai yaduwa zuwa 3 m tsayi yayi girma a Kudancin Turai da Minan Asiya. Tana da yalwatattun harbe harbe da aka rufe da launin ruwan hoda ko launin shuɗi. Lianya mai yawa mai girma tana haɓaka gaba ɗaya kuma tana da siffar m. A saman gefen petiole ganye ne santsi, kuma daga kasa tare da veins akwai wuya pubescence. Ana tattara furanni masu tsami tare da diamita na kusan 5 cm a cikin goge na kwance a ƙarshen mai tushe. Suna Bloom a ƙarshen Mayu da Bloom na kimanin makonni 3. Iri-iri dake jure sanyi da sanyi zuwa -25 ° C. Iri:
- Aureus - itace a cikin siffar ƙwal 2-3 m babban densely an rufe shi da ganyen rawaya mai haske, wanda sannu a hankali ya juya kore ta bazara;
- Variegata - furen ganye na daji na kwantar da fenti a cikin launi mai duhu mai duhu kuma an ɗaure shi da tsiri mai tsami mara kyau;
- Rashin hankali - daji mai yaduwa har zuwa 2 m tsayi blooms kasa da yalwa, amma fure fure tare da marmara juna.
Chubushnik talakawa. Goge tare da kafaffun rassan da ke tsiro suna girma zuwa 3 m ba ga tsayi. An rufe shi da kyawawan ganye mai sauƙi har zuwa 8 cm tsayi. Abubuwan kwance da ke kwance a gefunan harbe sun hada da furanni masu launin farin-fure har zuwa 3 cm a diamita.
Abin ba'a na Lemoine. Bridungiyar matasan, wacce ta ƙunshi fiye da nau'ikan nau'ikan orange guda biyu masu izgili. Dukkaninsu suna da alaƙar ƙanshi mai daɗin arziki. Tsire-tsire suna samar da tsatsotsin furanni masu yawan gaske har zuwa tsayi 3. M Fliage mai haske mai haske mai girma ya girma akan rassan. A lokacin rani, furanni masu kamshi masu girma sosai suka girma har zuwa 4 cm a diamita.
- Chubushnik bicolor - daji mai yawan gaske zuwa 2 m tsawo, fure fure mai girma a cikin axils na ganye.
- Budurwa - launin shuɗi mai haske mai launin shuɗi ya haifar da daji mai zurfi 2-3 m. M baƙi yana da kusan 7 cm tsawo tare da gefen nuna girma a kansu. Leaflet ana fentin cikin launin kore mai duhu. A cikin Yuli, furanni biyu, kusan ba ƙanshin ƙanshi, fure har zuwa 5 cm a diamita, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin buroshi 14 cm tsayi.
- Terry marshmallow - tsire-tsire masu tsayayya ga sanyi, a cikin ƙarshen Yuni, Bloom a cikin manyan furanni biyu.
- Ermine alkyabbar - tsire-tsire na 80-100 cm tsayi an bambanta su da manyan furanni biyu, ana sanya ganyayen a ciki a cikin matakan da yawa.
- Bel Etoile - ciyawar da ba ta cika girma (har zuwa 80 cm) a lokacin fure tare da tsawon tsawon harbe an rufe shi da manyan furanni biyu.
- Snowbel - wani daji tare da kafaffen harbe har zuwa 1.5 m mafi tsayi a ƙarshen Yuni tsintsiya furen fure mai kama da karrarawa;
- Mont Blanc - adadi mai yawa na kananan furanni biyu-biyu tare da diamita na 3-4 cm fure-fure a kan lokacin farin ciki har zuwa 1 m a tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Abin izgili shine matasan. A ƙarƙashin wannan sunan, an haɗa halittar masu shayarwa dabam dabam. Waɗannan nau'ikan ado ne da kuma kayan haɗin kayan haɗin intraspecific. Mafi ban sha'awa a cikinsu:
- Hasken rana - ɗan gajeren tsire har zuwa 70 cm babba ya ƙunshi harbe mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙananan ganye mai haske da fure mai fure tare da ƙanshin strawberry;
- Lu'ulu'u - ƙaramin itace tare da kuka mai launin shuɗi da furanni biyu tare da fararen lu'u-lu'u, waɗanda suka isa diamita na 6.5 cm;
- Chubushnik Shneysturm - wani daji har zuwa 3 m high tare da kuka harbe blooms a farkon Yuni tare da babban terlo inflorescences;
- Majori - itace mai yaduwa har zuwa 1.5 m high tare da arched harbe rufe duhu kore foliage, kuma a ƙarshen Yuni an yalwatacce rufe da terry, sosai m furanni;
- Jigilar Jama'a na Minnesota - siriri a tsaye na daji game da 2 m babban yalwa da aka rufe a cikin kananan furanni biyu;
- Elbrus - wani daji mai tsayin kusan 1.5 m fure furanni masu fararen furanni, gaba daya ba na ƙanshi ba.
Shuka shuka
Chubushnik ya sami nasarar shayarwa ta kowace hanya. Lokacin girma tsirrai daga tsaba, ya kamata a yi amfani da kayan kayan sabo (ba su girmi shekara 1 ba). Watanni 2 kafin shuka, ana sanya tsaba da aka haɗu da yashi a cikin firiji. A cikin Maris, bayan stratification, ana shuka su a cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa mai ganye, humus, yashi da peat. Ana yin fesa ƙasa a kai a kai. Bayan kwanaki 7-10, seedlings suka bayyana. Bayan kimanin makonni 2, lokacin da ainihin ganye ke tsiro, seedlings ke narkewa. A watan Mayu, a cikin yanayin rana, ana ɗaukar seedlings a waje don taurara. Saka ta a cikin wurin da aka rufe. A ƙarshen Mayu, sun sauka a fili.
Yanke lambu kamar yafi, saboda yana da inganci da dacewa hanya don yaduwa. Daga Mayu zuwa Agusta, kuna buƙatar yanke ƙananan harbe tare da diddige game da tsawon cm 10. Ana kula da gindin tushe na kara tare da Kornevin kuma an dasa shi a cikin akwati tare da cakuda ƙasa da yashi zuwa sanduna mai zurfin 5 mm. An rufe yankan da tsare kuma a tsare akan titi. Dole ne a fesa su akai-akai. Bayan makonni biyu kawai, kowane seedling zai sami tushen.
Chubushnik yakan zama yana haɓaka iska ta hanyar yadudduka ta iska ko kuma manyan kwari. Za'a iya raba manyan bushes. Don yin wannan, a farkon lokacin bazara, an tsire tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya kuma a yanka zuwa kashi-kashi. Tare da nau'ikan tsayi, irin wannan yaduwar na iya buƙatar ƙarfin haɓaka ta jiki. Yana da mahimmanci a kammala dukkan aikin bazara kafin ruwan ya fara aiki.
Dasa kuma kula da izgili
Tunanin lokacin da zaka dasa shuki mai izgili, zaka buƙatar maida hankali kan gaskiyar gaskiyar cewa ƙasa ta cika kafin a buɗe alkalami. Yawancin lambu sun fi son yin dasawa a farkon rabin kaka. Haske mai kyau, an zaɓi wuraren buɗewa don shuka, tunda a cikin inuwa furanni za su yi ƙanƙanuwa kuma haɓaka zai rage gudu.
Soilasa ta zama mai haske da abinci mai guba tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Sun tono ƙasa a cikin makonni 1-2, suna yin yashi, ƙasa da hutu. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire mutum ya dogara da iri-iri da manufa. Lokacin dasawa, don ƙirƙirar shinge, nisan shine 50-70 cm. Awara mai tsayi, daji mai tsayi zai buƙaci har zuwa 1.5 m na sarari kyauta.
An haƙa rami mai saukarwa zuwa zurfin cm 60. An zubar da magudanar ruwa a cikin ƙasa game da kauri 15 cm. Dole ne a tsayar da tushen wuyan a saman ƙasa ko ba zurfi sama da 2-3 cm a cikin ƙasa. Bayan an dasa shuki, kasar gona ta zama mara nauyi kuma ana shayar da bushes sosai. Carearin kulawa da izgili ba nauyi bane.
Dankin yana yawan fama da ruwan sama na halitta kuma kawai cikin tsawan fari da tsananin zafi ana shayar da bushes tare da buhun ruwa guda 1-2 a mako. An cire kewayen akwati lokaci-lokaci kuma an cire ciyayi. Ana amfani da takin gargajiya ta bazara, bayan narkewa. Kafin fure, ana shayar da mockwort tare da ƙwayoyin potassium-phosphorus.
Trimming izgili-up ne da za'ayi a cikin da yawa matakai. A cikin bazara, sanyi mai bushe, an cire rassan bushe. Hakanan, kafin fure su buɗe, kambi yana da kama. Tsofaffin bishiyoyi suna ciyar da tsufa. An yanke tushe mai tushe gaba daya, yana rage hemp 5-7 cm kawai. Lokacin da ya yanyanka a cikin kaka, an goge goshin. Garancin da ba dole ba da kuma toshiyoyi masu saukar ungulu cikin daji an cire su.
Chubushnik yana da tsayayya sosai wajen shuka cututtuka. A lokaci guda, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, murji da bera aphid na iya kaiwa hari. Za'a iya aiwatar da maganin kashe kwari a cikin bazara azaman prophylaxis kuma lokacin da aka gano ɓacin jiki.
Amfani da lambun
Ana amfani da layin daskararren abu na izgili kamar shinge, don tsara iyakokin da kusa da ganuwar gine-gine. A lokacin fure, bushes girma kyawawa, m cascades. Speciesarancin ƙananan haɓaka sun dace da shimfidar wurare, tuddai da kuma bankunan jikin ruwa. Manyan cascades mai laushi zasu zama kyakkyawan tushe don gonar fure. Hydrangeas, spireas, da weigels suna da kyau a gefen su. A cikin kaka, ganyayyaki suna samun kyakkyawar launi mai launin shuɗi, wanda ke jan hankalin masu wucewa.
