Hamedorea ƙananan tsire-tsire ne mai ɗanɗano tare da kyawawan ganye na emerald. Yana cikin dangin Palm, duk da cewa yana da matukar kyau bayyanar. Ganye mai haske mai yawa mai kwalliya sosai, saboda haka ana amfani da tsire-tsire ne don adon ciki a cikin gidaje da ofisoshin. Haka kuma, chamedorea ba kawai ado cikin ciki bane, amma yana tsarkake iska kuma yana shan abubuwan cutarwa. A gida, ana kuma amfani da ganyen dabino don yin salati. A dabi'a, ana iya samun chamedorea a cikin sararin dazuzzuka da sanyin ƙasa na Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka. Sakamakon kamannin mai tushe na bakin ciki tare da bamboo, ana kiranta "bamboo dabino".
Bayanin Shuka
Hamedorea - ornamental deciduous perennial shuka. Yana da rignes rhizome da ƙananan kara. Karatun tsaye a tsaye ya bar shi. A cikin yanayi na cikin gida, tsayin ciyawar ba ya wuce mil 2-2.3. Kowace shekara, chamedorea tana tsiro da sabon ganyayyaki 1-2 ne kawai, don haka babu buƙatar jira don saurin ci gaba na lokacin farin ciki. Yawancin harbe-tsire na bakin ciki suna girma daga rhizome lokaci guda, wanda ya ba da shuka ga bayyanar karamin daji.
Ganyayyaki ya kange ne a cikin sashin da asalin ya fito. Yayinda suke tsufa, ƙananan ganye suna faɗuwa, suna barin zoben wuta tare da fina-finai bushe akan kara. A saman akwai keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin fure da aka watsa masu ganye. Tsawon farantin takarda guda ɗaya ya kai 40 cm. Yana da sifa mai kauri ko ɗan ƙaramin nauyin sa a ƙarshen. A layi daya jijiyoyin suna gani a farfajiya.
Hamedorea tsire-tsire ne mai ɗanɗano, wato, kowane fure yana fure fure daban da mace. Sun bayyana a cikin axils na ganye. A kan dogon karuwar-mai siffa inflorescences, namiji furanni tara. A cikin sifa, suna kama da ƙananan rawaya ko launin ja. Inflorescences exude mai ƙarfi, m ƙanshi. Inflorescences kansu suna kama da mimosa. Furanni na mata suna girma da keɓe a kan ɗakin kwana mai zurfi kuma ana fentin su a cikin orange ko rawaya.
Domin samun 'ya'yan itace a gida, zaku iya dasa su a cikin tukunya ɗaya ko sanya tukwane tare da tsire-tsire na maza da mata kusa da su. Pollination na faruwa ne da taimakon kwari. Wasu lambu suna canja wurin pollen kai tsaye tare da buroshi. Bayan pollination, ƙananan fruitsan fruitsan zagaye suna yayyafa har zuwa 6 mm a diamita Suna da fatar fata da tsokar nama. A tsakiyar shine ƙwaya ɗaya.
'Yan lambu da basu da galibi suna samun wahalar rarrabe hovea daga chamedorea. Wasu sun gaskata cewa waɗannan sunaye daban-daban don shuka iri ɗaya ne, amma akwai bambanci. Kodayake dabino guda biyu suna da kama, hovea yana haɓaka da sauri kuma a cikin 'yan shekaru yana da nisa sosai ga chamedorea a tsayi. Ko da a cikin yanayi na cikin gida, hovea zai iya isa zuwa tsawo na 3-4 a cikin m. An mayar da hankali ne a saman ɓangaren harba kuma yana girma cikin bunch.
Shahararrun nau'ikan Hamedorea
Halin halittar Hamedorea ya haɗa da nau'ikan tsire-tsire 107, duk da haka, kawai wasu daga cikinsu sun shahara a cikin al'adun.
Hamedorea m (elegans, kyau). Yankakken harbe ya girma 1.5-2 a tsayi, kuma kawai 2.5-3 cm m. A lokaci guda, daga rhizome daya girma zuwa 7 mai tushe. Kowane ganye mai pinnate-disse yana mai jujjuyawa cikin baka. Yana girma da 0.4-1 m a tsawon. Lanceolate sassan wani haske kore ya girma girma nau'i-nau'i akan ɗaya ɗaya na petiole. Yawancin yana haɓaka da kyau a cikin yanayin ɗakuna kuma yawancin lokuta fure.
A iri-iri ne Popular. hamedorea amarya. Yana da matukar kama da babban shuka, amma ya bambanta da haske da ƙarin ƙarancin ƙaƙƙarfan inflorescences. Tsawon itacen dabino a wannan yanayin bai wuce m 1.5 ba.
Hamedorea high. Kowace shekara, sababbin harbe suna girma daga tushen kanta. Thananan na kafaɗa mai tushe yayi kama da harbe-harben. Zobba masu haske daga ganyayyaki da suka fadi suna ci gaba da zama a saman fage. A saman kowane akwati shine 4-6 na shinge kore kore. Lako-lanceolate lobes yana da nuni mai kyau. Suna girma akan dogayen sanda. A lokacin furanni, fure mai haske na ƙyalli mai haske tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi.
Hamedorea Ernest-Augustus. Itace tayi tsiro guda ɗaya daga tushe. Nodes a farfajenta ba su da yawa. Fina-finai bushewa daga ganyayyaki da suka ɓoye na wanzuwa a cikinsu. Hakanan, Tushen iska na iya kafawa a cikin nodes, wanda ke ba da izinin jinsin su yaduwar ciyawa (giyan itace). Dukkanin ganyen oval tare da gefen nuna suna a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓutaccen sa. Wani lokacin ƙarshensu ana bifurcated. Fentin ganye yana fentin koren duhu. A lokacin furanni, ana kafa furanni masu launin ja, an tattara su cikin manyan inflorescences.
Hamedorea launi ne mai launi ɗaya. Shuka tayi dacewa da yanayin dakin sosai kuma ana ganin ta mafi ƙarancin fassara, sabili da haka ya shahara sosai. Harbe girma a hankali. Tsawon cikin gida ba ya wuce m. Yawancin bakin ciki mai tushe ya samar da daji mai yawa, saman da yake akwai busasshen ganye mai kauri tare da kunkuntar sassan. Ko da matasa shuke-shuke da sauri fara Bloom, dissolving panicle inflorescences wani haske rawaya yadudduka.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Hamedorea ya yadu ta zuriya da yara. Don yaduwar iri, sabo ne, yakamata a yi amfani da tsaba. Amma a wannan yanayin, germination zai zama ƙasa. Isaramin greenhouse tare da yashi da peat ƙasa an shirya don shuka. Kafin yin shuka don kwanaki 5, an shuka tsaba a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi tare da ƙari da haɓakar haɓaka ("Palm", "Zircon"). An binne tsaba a 1 cm, to, an rufe kwandon da kayan adana kuma a sanya shi cikin ɗaki mai zafin jiki na + 22 ... + 25 ° C. Wajibi ne a sha iska da feshi a kowace rana, tare da kiyaye yawan zafi. Don mafi kyawun germination, ana amfani da ƙananan dumama. Yakamata a sa zuciyar lingsalingsan cikin kwanaki 30-40, kodayake wani lokacin akan jinkirta zuwa watanni 4. Yayinda seedlings suke girma, ana dasa su cikin kananan tukwane daban. Wani lokaci sukan shuka tsire-tsire 2-3 tare don samar da kambi mai kauri.
A cikin aiwatar da haɓaka, ana kafa matakai na kusa da tushe a kusa da babban shuka. Tare da dasawar bazara, ana iya rarrabe su kuma su faɗi ƙasa daban. Wannan hanyar tana da sauki kuma mara azanci. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa yarinyar ta sami ingantacciyar tushen kansa, in ba haka ba har yanzu ba ta shirya don ci gaban mai zaman kanta ba.
Shuka da kulawa a gida
Kula da dabino na daki mai sauki ne. Ba ya buƙatar magudi akai-akai. An dasa Chamedorea kamar yadda ya cancanta, lokacin da tushen tsarin ya cika tukunya duka kuma ya bayyana ta hanyar ramuka. Tunda tsiron yayi girma a hankali, ana yin juji duk bayan shekaru 1-3. Manyan bushes a cikin tubs kawai maye gurbin na sama na substrate.
Domin kada ya lalata tushen sa, suna ƙoƙari su adana tsohon ƙammar dunƙule. An yi imani da cewa a cikin akwati mai ɗaure da shuka yana haɓaka mafi kyau kuma yana fure a kai a kai, don haka sabon tukunya ya kamata ya zama ɗan girma fiye da na baya. Ana yin ramuka na magudana a ƙasan shi kuma ana ɗaukar babban kaifin shards ko yumɓu mai laushi. Don dasawa, ana amfani da ƙasa wanda ya ƙunshi waɗannan abubuwan:
- peat;
- ƙasa turb
- humus humus;
- perlite.
An zubar da ƙasa da ruwan zãfi kafin amfani, sannan ya bushe. Ana buƙatar irin wannan hanyar don lalata abun da ke ciki daga kwari da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Haske Tunda yanayin yanayi chamedorea ya girma a ƙarƙashin kambi na bishiyoyi na wurare masu zafi, zai fi dacewa a haɓaka a cikin inuwa mai jujjuyawa ko kuma a cikin hasken da ya bazu. Hasken rana kai tsaye, musamman da tsakar rana a lokacin bazara, na iya haifar da bayyanar launuka masu launin shuɗi akan ganye (ƙonewa). Shuka na iya haɓaka kullun ba tare da hasken halitta ba, kawai ta hasken fitilun. Dole ne a kiyaye irin waɗannan hasken rana na awa 10-12.
Zazzabi Don haɓakar al'ada na itatuwan dabino, ana buƙatar zafin jiki mai zafi a ɗan lokaci (+ 20 ... + 27 ° C). A cikin hunturu, an rage wannan adadi zuwa + 12 ... + 16 ° C, duk da haka, duk canje-canje ya kamata ya tafi daidai, ba tare da tsalle-tsalle ba. A lokacin rani, zaku iya ɗaukar shuka zuwa ingantaccen iska, amma kariya a hankali daga magudanar ta wajaba.
Haushi Chamedorea yana haɓaka da kyau tare da yanayin zafi na 50% da sama. A cikin yanayin bushewa, ana fesa tsire-tsire akai-akai kuma ana wanke su lokaci-lokaci a ƙarƙashin ruwan wanka. Idan nasihun ganyayyaki suka ci gaba da bushewa, sanya tire da ruwa ko lemun pebbles kusa.
Watse. A cikin bazara ko lokacin rani, chamedorea yawanci ana shayar da shi, tun da kambi mai laushi yana daɗaɗɗa danshi. A wannan yanayin, kasan ƙasa dole ne ya sami lokacin bushewa.
Taki. Daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, ana amfani da maganin ma'adinin ma'adinai ga ƙasa don kayan ado da tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Sauran shekara, ciyar ba a za'ayi.
Mai jan tsami. Yayinda yake bushewa, kuna buƙatar cire ƙananan ganye, amma kada ku datsa saman. Don haka, yin sayan kayan ba zai yi nasara ba. Itace dabino kawai ya tsaya a ci gaba, kuma daga baya ya mutu.
Cutar da kwari. An bambanta Chamedorrhea ta hanyar kyawun kariya kuma da wuya fama da cututtuka. Tare da kiyayewar da ba ta dace ba, ambaliyar ruwa na ƙasa ko ruwa mai wuya don ban ruwa, rawaya mai ruwan hoda, ganyen ganye ko kuma chlorosis na tasowa. A matsayin matakan kariya, ya zama dole a lura da fasahar aikin gona kuma a sanyaya daki a lokaci-lokaci. Ganye masu lalacewa ana yanyan tare kuma ana bi da su ta hanyar kashe-kashe.
Daga cikin mafi kwari karin kwari akwai scires da kuma gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Daga gare su, ana tsire tsire-tsire tare da maganin kashe kwari tare da maimaita magani bayan kwanaki 7-10.
