Kasuwancin Rasha a yanzu yana ba da nau'ikan nau'ikan baƙi 200, wanda kowannensu yana da nasa fa'ida. Saboda haka, yana da daraja a saurari ra'ayin ƙwararrun 'yan lambu waɗanda suka gaba ɗaya suka ɗauki nau'in Pygmy su zama mafi kyau. Kuma idan kun bi ka'idodin fasahar kere kere, bishiyar bishiyar bishiyar da aka dasa akan dandalin shekaru zata ba da kyakkyawan girbi.
Tarihin farko
Currant Pygmy da aka samu a ƙarshen karni na 20 V.S. Ilyin a Cibiyar Bincike ta Ural ta Kudu na Shuka da Dankali ta hanyar tsallake iri iri Bredthorp da Seedling Golubki. A cikin 1999, an shiga cikin Rajistar Jiha tare da izini na yanki don Volga-Vyatka, Ural, Yammacin Siberian (Yankin Novosibirsk, Tyumen), Gabas ta Siberian (Yankin Trans-Baikal, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Yakutia), Far East (Sakhalin, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Kamchatka, Amur reg.) yankuna.
Pygmy blackcurrant iri-iri an bred a ƙarshen ƙarni na karshe, kuma ya kasance mashahuri da lambu har yanzu.
Pygmy - bayanin da kwatanci
Duk da sunan - Pygmy (jariri) - an bambanta iri-iri ta manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa, wanda ke jan hankalin lambu. Daga cikin fasalin yana da mahimmanci a lura da juriya na sanyi wanda ba a taɓa gani ba - har ma da tsananin nasarar Siberian ba sa jin tsoron shuka. An nuna godiya iri-iri don dandano mai daɗi na berries da rigakafi ga manyan cututtuka na bushes bushes.
Currant siffofin matsakaici-sized, dan kadan yada daji tare da madaidaiciya haske m harbe. A ganye ne biyar-lobed, babba, kore, wrinkled, tare da m surface ba tare da pubescence, tare da m denticles tare da gefuna. A goga na matsakaici tsawon su ne 6-10 manyan launuka masu launi-launi.
Pygmy currant girma tare da matsakaici-yada daji tare da madaidaiciya harbe da kore ganye
Babban fa'ida daga iri-iri shine manyan berries mai zaki da aka auna 2 g, zai iya kaiwa 7.7 g. Suna da nau'i mai zagaye tare da fata na bakin ciki wanda ke tsayayya da matsanancin yanayin zafi. Diyar 'ya'yan itaciyar sun sami mafi girman sikelin akan tsarin maki biyar.
Pygmy iri ne mai saurin haihuwa, baya buƙatar ƙarin pollinators, yana ba da amfanin gona na shekara-shekara. Tsammiyar-kakar - berries ya girma a ƙarshen Yuni - farkon Yuli. Yawancin yana da wadatarwa, kimanin matsakaitan 108 a kowace kadada. Fruiting yana da tsawo, kwanaki 30-45, ya danganta da yanayin.
A iri-iri ne da tsayayya wa causative wakili na irin wannan na kowa cuta kamar powdery mildew, an ɗan shafa da anthracnosis, kuma shi ne in mun gwada da juriya ga Septoria.
Babban amfani da cikin baki currant Pygmy - manyan sosai berries
Fasali na dasa baƙar fata currant
Yawan aiki iri-iri ya dogara da dalilai da yawa waɗanda yakamata a yi la’akari da su lokacin dasa Pygmy akan makircin mutum.
Lokacin sauka
Dasa blackcurrant zai yiwu a damuna da damina. Amma tunda lokacin ciyawar ya fara da wuri, kuma a farkon bazara, sanyi mai yawan gaske yana da kasada, waɗanda ke lalata tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin gaske, ya fi dacewa a shuka su a faɗuwar, daga Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba, amma ba a wuce makonni 2-3 ba kafin yanayin sanyi. Ana shuka tsire-tsire daga kwantena duk lokacin tare da tanadin ƙura na laka, alhali kuwa ba a keta mutuncin tushen sa, sabili da haka, rayuwarsu tana da kyau.
Zaɓin shafin
Black currant zai yi girma a kowace kusurwa na gonar, amma ana iya samun amfanin gona mai kyau ta hanyar haɓaka shi a cikin yankunan haske. Cold iska stagnates a cikin kwari, kasar gona thaws na dogon lokaci a cikin bazara, kuma ruwa tara a lokacin tsawan ruwa sama sama, wanda haifar tushen lalata da kuma ci gaban fungal cututtuka.
Don Pyrant ɗin currant, ya kamata ka zaɓi wurin da ke da kariya daga iska ta shinge ko shinge
Suna ba da shawarar dasa shuki a gefen shinge don kare su daga zafin iska na arewa, saboda kar su jefa juna fuska, amma hasken rana ne. Barin 1-2 a tsakanin tsirrai .. Tare da shuka mai kauri, berriesan itacen ya zama ƙarami da ƙasa mai daɗi, kuma yana da matukar wahala a kula da irin wannan bushes.
Shruban itace na bishiyun 'ya'yan itace mafi kyau a kan yashi da loamy ƙasa tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Kafin dasawa, ana ƙara 500 g na lemun tsami / m2 zuwa ƙasa mai ƙarfi na acidic.
Mahimmanci! Pygmy zai yi kyau sosai a wuraren da dankali, masara, hatsin rai, da kayan ƙwari suka girma a kakar da ta gabata. Amma bayan amfanin gona Berry ba shi da mahimmanci a dasa shi.
Yawancin nau'in baya buƙatar ƙarin pollinators, amma gogaggen lambu lura cewa kasancewar wasu nau'ikan blackcurrant (Lucia, Yadrenoy, Bagira) yana kusa da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Pygmy nau'in abu ne mai albarka, musamman idan an shuka wasu nau'in blackcurrant a kusa
Dokokin saukarwa
An shirya rukunin makonni 2-3 kafin dasawa: tono, matakin, cire ciyayi kuma, idan ya cancanta, ya lalata ƙasa.
Mataki-mataki-mataki
- A nesa na 1-1.5 m daga juna, an haƙa rami tare da zurfin 40 cm, nisa na 50 cm.
- M kasar gona lambu ne gauraye da 1 guga na humus, 200 g na superphosphate, 10 g na potassium nitrate, 300 g na ash kuma saka zuwa kasan ramin.
- Shuka shuka a wani kusurwa na digiri 45 wanda ya sa tushen wuyansa ya zama 15 cm kasa da matakin ƙasa - wannan dasa yana ba da gudummawa ga saurin girma sababbin harbe.
An saukar da currant seedling a cikin rami domin tushen wuyansa ya zama 15 cm a ƙasa
- Sun cika ramin da ƙasa mai gina jiki, a hankali yana girgiza seedling, har ƙasa ta cika dukkan idsan gudan, ya cika.
- An yi rami mai ban sha'awa na kowace shekara a kusa da daji kuma an gabatar da 10 l na ruwa a ciki.
Bayan dasa, da seedling lafiya moistened
- Ciyawa kasar gona da ciyawa, bambaro tare da kauri na 8 cm don kare Tushen daga zafi fiye da kima kuma kiyaye danshi.
- An yanke harbe biyu zuwa 2 3, an cire ganyen gaba daya.
Zabin seedlings
A bu mai kyau ka sayi seedlings a cibiyoyin siyar ko kuma wuraren gandun daji, inda zaka iya samun shawarwarin kwararru kan ka'idodin shuka amfanin gona. Bai kamata ku ɗauki haɗari ku siya su daga hannun masu siye ba da izini ba, ba tare da samun damar bincika ko shuka ba ta da lafiya kuma don wane yanki yake yanayin da ake yanka ta. Ya kamata a zaɓi seedlingsan shekara-shekara biyu da haihuwa.
- Tsarin shekara-shekara yana da harbe 1-2 har zuwa 25 cm tsayi, 1-2 Tushen 15 cm tsayi da yawa Tushen bakin ciki fibrous.
- A cikin ƙwayar shekaru biyu, rassan har zuwa 40 cm, madaidaiciya kuma mai sauyawa, idan kun goge haushi, zaku iya ganin naman kore. Tsarin tushen yakamata ya inganta sosai, ya ƙunshi Tushen lignified 3-5 na 20 cm tsawo da fibrous Tushen Tushen.
Curungiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ya kamata ya sami kyakkyawan tushen tsarin
- Tushen ya kamata ya zama launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa a launi, ba tare da lalacewa ba da alamun rot, ba sassauƙa. Ana bi da su da daskararren yumɓu kafin su sayar don hana bushewa.
- Idan tsire yana da tsarin rufaffiyar tushe, ya kamata ka nemi a cire shi daga cikin akwati: ƙamshin da yakamata ya kasance mai kauri kuma an haɗa shi da asalinsu.
Haske. Kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a kiyaye seedling na awanni 2 cikin mafita tare da Kornevin don ingantacciyar tushe.
Gardenerswararrun lambu suna shuka tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara a cikin rami ɗaya a cikin ma'aura, suna tanƙwara su a cikin kwatance, wanda zai baka damar kafa daji mai ƙarfi a tsawon lokaci.
Bidiyo: yadda ake dasa blackcurrant
Sirrin Kulawa
Pygmy nau'in halitta ne mara misalai, amma wannan baya nuna cewa ya isa kawai shuka da mantuwa dashi. Ta hanyar yin amfani da ruwa na zamani da kuma kayan miya, na share shekara-shekara da rigakafin cutar da cututtukan za a iya tsammanin amfanin gona mai kyau.
Watering wajibi ne
Currants suna buƙatar yin shayarwa, musamman a lokacin samuwar ovaries: yawan danshi yana shafar ba kawai yawan amfanin ƙasa na yanzu ba, har ma nan gaba. A cikin fari, in babu ruwa, ganyayyaki ya bushe, berries sun zama ƙanana da murƙushe. Ana shayar da currants sau 2-3 a mako, gabatar da ruwa tare da guga ko shayarwa a cikin tsaran ban ruwa, yana sanya ƙasa zuwa zurfin cm 30-50 A cikin matsanancin zafi, ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da hanyar ban ruwa saboda ba kawai tushen amma har ganye suna cike da danshi. Haka kuma, ya kamata a za'ayi watering ba lokacin rana, da yamma.
Da yamma, bayan rana, yakamata a fitar da busheshen tare da tiyo
Koyaya, yawan danshi yawanci yakan haifar da cututtukan fungal, don haka ruwa yakamata a yi allurar, kuma a lokacin tsawan ruwan sama da tsayawa gaba daya. Kar a moisturize da currant kuma a lõkacin da berries ripen, domin ya hana su fatattaka.
Da takin mai magani don currants
Pygmy yayi girma sosai kuma yana ba da manyan fruitsa whenan itara lokacin da aka girma a kan ƙasa tayive. Abubuwan gina jiki da aka gabatar yayin dasa sun isa ga tsiro a farkon kakar. A shekara mai zuwa, a farkon bazara, ana ciyar da currants tare da urea (40 g 10 l), guguwar kaza (100 g 10 l). Nitrogen takin mai magani na taimaka wa saurin girma na harbe.
Af. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna amfani da peelings dankalin turawa azaman sutura: an dafa su, an ƙara ɗanɗano su a ruwa kuma an zuba su a ƙarƙashin wani daji. Dankalin dankalin turawa ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa da aka gano alama (phosphorus, fluorine, baƙin ƙarfe, potassium, magnesium), waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don currants don haɓaka da fruiting.
A lokacin da forming da ovaries karkashin daji, watsa 2 tbsp. tablespoons na taki Organic Gumi-Omi, biye da kwance ko aiwatar da ban ruwa taki (3 tbsp.spoons / 5 l) kowane sati 2. Don daidaitaccen abinci, ana bada shawara don yin kayan kwalliya na sama foliar sau ɗaya a wata tare da maganin Unifor-micro (1 ml 10 l). A ƙarshen kakar, ana haɗa currants tare da humus (10 kg) tare da ƙari na 20 g na potassium sulfate da 50 g na superphosphate, 300 g na ash a cikin m2.
Tsarin fatara na Gumi-omi yana kunshe da takin da kuma wasu abubuwan da ake amfani da su wadanda ake bukata don baƙar fata currant
Haske. Kuna iya amfani da takin gargajiya: shuka siderata (lupine, Peas, mustard) a cikin hanyoyin, yanka ciyawa a cikin kaka kuma dasa shi a cikin ƙasa. A lokacin bazara, ciyawar za ta tsallaka kuma ta zama wani abin miya mai cike da kayan adon abubuwa.
Loosening da mulching
A kasar kusa da currant bushes dole ne a sako da kuma kwance duk kakar.
Mulching da'irar gangar jikin ba wai kawai zai iya hana ci gaban ciyawa ba ne, har ma zai kiyaye kasar gona da daɗewa
Tun da wurin da tushen ne na waje, loosening ne da za'ayi a hankali, to zurfin of cm 8. Kula za a iya sauƙaƙe ta mulching kasar gona da humus, sawdust. Tsarin mulching yana hana haɓakar ciyawa, yana sa ƙasa ta daɗe, ya isa kawai don ƙara ciyawa idan ya cancanta.
Bush samuwar
Don samar da wata daji fara nan da nan bayan dasa, rage da rassan, wanda na taimaka wa ci gaban da harbe harbe. A nan gaba, ana aiwatar da pruning cikin rayuwa, wanda ya zama dole don mafi kyawun haske, iska a cikin daji, ripening berries, kazalika da hana haɓaka cututtuka da bayyanar kwari.
Yana da mahimmanci. A lokacin da pruning, ya kamata a tuna cewa mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace ne harbe biyu- da uku shekara.
Bushes yana buƙatar a daure don kada rassan su faɗi ƙasa. A cikin shekara ta biyu, a farkon lokacin bazara, an cire rassa masu tsalle, bushe da bushe, an cire su. Barin harbe-farko na farko mai karfi 3-4 kuma ka rage su da 10 cm.
A shekara ta uku, an bar sabon harbe mai karfi 5 a cikin daji mai yaduwa - sabo ne yake bambanta launi mai sauƙi. Hakanan suna gajarta. Sauran hanyoyin an cire su gaba daya.
A cikin shekara ta huɗu, an bar ɓarna mai tushe 5, ya taqaitaccen don ta da Branch. Kyakkyawan daji ya kamata ya sami rassa 15 na shekaru daban-daban.
Bayan haka, ana yin rigakafin tsufa, cire tsoffin harbe, daga matasa sun bar madaidaiciya kuma masu ƙarfi. Ana datse rassan da tsayi tare da tsawan tsayayye na shekara-shekara mai ƙarfi. Irin wannan pruning zai kara rayuwar bishiyar bishiyoyi har zuwa shekaru 20.
Lokacin da suka kai shekaru 4, sun gama kafa daji, daga nan sukan sake girke girki a shekara
A cikin kaka, ana cire rassan marasa lafiya da bushe. Idan currant daji ne mai tsanani cutar cutar, da cikakken rejuvenation ne da za'ayi - duk harbe an yanke gaba daya, kuma bayan wani lokaci wani tushen shoot zai bayyana.
Kiwo
Blackcurrant sauƙi yada, zaku iya kawai tanƙwara reshe a ƙasa, gyara shi da sutura kuma yayyafa tare da ƙasa. A shekara mai zuwa, harba tare da Tushen Tushen Tushen an keɓe shi daga daji. Ba da daɗewa ba zai ba da sabon harbe kuma zai yi girma cikin sauri.
Ana yaduwar currants ta hanyar itace: a cikin bazara an yanke cuttings, a cikin Epin kuma an dasa shi a cikin greenhouse, dole ne a shayar da su. Bayan tushen, ana cire fim ɗin, amma ana kula da danshi na ƙasa. A cikin kaka, ana dasa shuki mafi ƙarfi da shuka.
Blackcurrant yana yaduwa da kyau ta hanyar itace, waɗanda aka fara dasa su a cikin gidan kore, sannan, lokacin da aka kafa tushen, aka dasa shi zuwa wurin dindindin
Bidiyo: yaduwar blackcurrant ta yankan
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Pyan Adam Pygmy bushes yi haƙuri sanyi winters da kyau, ba su daskare ko da a - 32 ° C kuma ba sa bukatar ƙarin dumama. Amma don hunturu, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shirya: aiwatar da ban ruwa na caji (bulo 2-3 a kowane daji), tsaftace ƙasa a kusa da currant daga ciyawa da ciyawa tare da humus, sawdust. Zai zama da amfani don ɗaure daji tare da igiya don kada rassan su karye ƙarƙashin nauyin murfin dusar ƙanƙara.
Matasa tsire-tsire a cikin hunturu na farko za a iya rufe shi da agrofibre, a cikin hunturu don ɗaukar dusar ƙanƙara - bargo mai dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi zai kiyaye tushen daga daskarewa.
Don hana rassan fashewa a ƙarƙashin nauyin dusar ƙanƙara, a ƙarshen kaka, an ɗaure daji tare da igiya
Rigakafin cutar
Pygmy iri-iri yana da tsayayya wa cuta, amma a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, musamman ma lokacin damina, haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
Tebur: Cuta
| Cutar | Kwayar cutar | Yin rigakafin | Jiyya |
| Anthracnose | A cikin bazara, an kafa ƙananan aibobi na hular violet a kan harbe, wanda tsawon lokaci yayi girma ya zama launin toka. Ana rufe ganyen da launin shuɗi, furanni ya bushe. |
|
|
| Tsatsa | Ana iya gano cutar cikin sauƙi ta kumburin jan launi a cikin ganyayyaki, mai kama da tsatsa. |
|
|
| Septoria | Cutar tana bayyana ta bayyanar da aibobi mai haske akan ganyayyaki tare da iyakar launin ruwan kasa, suna haifar da bushewa da fadowa daga cikin ganye. | Daidaitar aiwatar da tsabtace tsabtacewa, kar a cika shuka. | Kafin da bayan fure, bayan girbi, bi da cakuda 1% Bordeaux. |
Taskar Hoto: Cutar
- Dalilin da ya faru na anthracnose shine dampness da thickening na dasa.
- Za a iya gano tsatsa ta hanyar kumburin orange a cikin ganyayyaki
- Babban zafi yana taimakawa septoria
Tebur: Karin kwari
| Karin kwari | Bayyanai | Yin rigakafin | Matakan |
| Kodan kaska | A shan kashi na shuka da kaska za a iya hukunci da kumburi mai mara lafiyayyar kodan. A lokaci guda, yawan harbe-harbe yana raguwa, kuma yawan aiki yana raguwa. | Yi amfani da ƙwayar lafiya. Shuka tafarnuwa na kusa, albasa. | Cire cututtukan da ke da lafiya da kuma rassan. A cikin shuka mai lalacewa sosai, yanke duk harbe. A cikin bazara, bi da Envidor sau biyu (2 ml 5 l). Bayan mun girbe, feshin Bi-58 (3 ml 10 L). |
| Aphids | Aan mulkin mallaka na Aphid suna tsotse ruwan juji daga shuka, a sakamakon haka, ganyen ganyen, harbe ya lanƙwasa, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa. | Yi amfani da Anteater, Cypermethrin da tururuwa waɗanda ke yada aphids a yankin. | Gyara fi na rassan a kan abin da aphid ya sauka. Fesa kafin da bayan fure tare da Actara (2 g 10 l), Actellik (2 ml 2 l), Kinmiks (2.5 ml 10 l), |
| Wuta | Fututtukan bishiyoyi na wuta, lalata furanni da berries, na iya lalata kusan kashi 50 na amfanin gona. | Tona ƙasa a cikin kaka don halakar da pupae na wutar-bam. | Kafin fure, aiwatar 0.05% Kinmiks, 0.1% Spark. Bayan fure, fesa 0.02% Actellik, 0.2% Fufanon. |
Taskar Hotunan hoto: Kwayoyin cuta
- Ana iya gano kashin koda ta kumburin koda.
- Babban mulkin mallaka na aphid depress da currant, ya fara zama a baya a cikin girma, ba ya 'ya'ya kuma, a ƙarshe, ya mutu
- Gobarar yana shafar furanni da berries, a sakamakon haka, zaku iya rasa yawancin amfanin gona
Kwayoyin kwari da tsire-tsire na kwari da aka dasa a cikin hanyar sun firgita: anise, Dill, seleri, Basil, Sage, Fennel, tagetes, calendula.
Nasiha
Ra'ayina na kaina game da nau'in Pygmy: Na yi farin ciki da wannan nau'in !!! A baya, ban yi zargin cewa currants zai iya zama mai dadi ba. Manyan, mai daɗi, 'ya'yan itace, menene ƙarin abin da kuke so?
Limoner
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3915
A iri ne da gaske mai girma. Shekaru goma na namowa bai rasa sha'awar shi ba. Seedlings wannan nau'ikan suna da sauƙin rarrabewa daga sauran nau'ikan. Daga cikin nau'ikan 80 na, Pygmy kawai yana da fure na tagulla a farkon bazara. Kafin su fure, kodan kamar suna yayyafa shi da foda na tagulla.
ABBA
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3915
Na kuma girma wani nau'in blackcurrant - Pygmy, a cikin yanayinmu yana da wuri kuma yanada na da daɗi, ana iya ci da ci ba tare da barin daji ba, amma girman su ya fi ƙanƙan da Yadrennaya - a wannan karon 'ya'yan itãcen marmari sun isa tsabar kuɗin ruble, duk da cewa berries Har ila yau ana la'akari da girman tsabar kudin ruble. Na gudanar da 'ya'yan itaciyar wannan nau'in tare da tsabar kuɗi biyu da ruble biyu da kuma ruble biyar, amma akwai kaɗan daga gare su, kuma a kan Yadrenoy dukkansu ɗaya ne. Haka kuma, iri-iri na da matukar fa'ida, daji gaba daya an rufe shi da 'ya'yan itatuwa, dole ne a daure rassan, in ba haka ba zasu iya karya a karkashin nauyin su. Idan muka kawo wa kasuwannin berries na wannan nau'in, ana karba su nan take, kuma daidai saboda manyan-fruited. Na zabi iri na. Don haka, zan yanke shawara: mafi shahara da dawo dasu nau'in blackcurrant sune Pygmy, Yadrennaya da Lucia, da sauran ba za a iya dasa su ba ... Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a sami kyawawan nau'ikan blackcurrant a kan makircin tare da lokutan daban. My conveyer na blackcurrant ne kamar haka: na farko Pygmy ripens, bi Vigorous da Lucia, da kuma sabon iri ne Altai marigayi.
Lab
//fialka.tomsk.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=44&t=16709&start=15
Pygmy - gwargwadon dandano na dandano na berries - shine mafi kyau, wanda ke da maki 5. Yanada girma. Amma wani lokacin ana iya shafa shi ta mildew powder - duk da cewa sun rubuta, yana buƙatar tallafi.
Tina Ezdakova
//otvet.mail.ru/question/88123568
Pygmy ba shi da ƙanƙan da girma ga Yadrena (aƙalla a cikin ƙasarmu a Karelia), amma yanki ne da ke ƙasa da ɗanɗano da juriya ga cututtuka da kwari!
vvf
//forum.tvoysad.ru/yagodnye-kultury-f31/chernaya-smorodina-t157-340.html
Currant Pygmy shine mafi yawan nau'in lambu da aka fi so. Daga cikin ab advantagesbuwan amfãni akwai yawan amfanin ƙasa, juriya sanyi, juriya na cuta, unpretentiousness, kuma mafi mahimmanci - berriesan itace da girma sosai mai ban sha'awa tare da kyan gani mai ban sha'awa da warkarwa.
