Zaɓin nau'in innabi don girma a cikin ƙasa ta Krasnodar

Ana ɗaukar yankin Krasnodar Territory mai kyau yanayin yanayin hatsi don girma inabi. Amma duk da wannan, ya zama dole a zabi iri-iri da suka dace domin a sami kyakkyawan girbi.

Tarihin girma inabi a cikin ƙasa ta Krasnodar

Farkon ambaton gonakin inabi a cikin ƙasa inda Kuban zamani yake yanzu yana daidai da karni na VI BC. Girkawa da yardar kansu sun tona asirin giyar giya da kuma garkar da inabi tare da Slav. A cikin lokaci mai tsawo, an kuma tattauna giya ta ƙasa ta Krasnodar Territory a cikin babban birnin.

Inabi a cikin Kuban yana girma na dogon lokaci

A cikin karni na XV, sun yanke shawarar tallafawa wannan masana'antu a matakin jihar don ƙarin ci gaba. An shigo da ire-ire iri iri zuwa Kuban daga Faransa. Amma maƙwabta tare da Georgia suna da babban tasiri ga ci gaban giya.

A lokacin yaƙin tare da Turkiyya, gonakin inabi sun ɓace a cikin yankunan da aka mallaka. Kuma kawai bayan yaƙe-yaƙe masu wahala a kusa da karni na XIX, viticulture ya fara farfadowa. Ci gabanta ya ɗauki mulkin D.V. Pilenko (mukaddashin janar na sojojin Rasha). Tare da taimakon Czech agronomist F.I. Sun sanya shinge na Heyduk, waɗanda har yanzu suke ci gaba a cikin Yankin Krasnodar. Zuwa shekarar 1970, Tarayyar Soviet ta kasance a matsayi na 3 a cikin manyan masu samar da giya.

Bidiyo: Manoman Kuban sun zabi 'ya'yan inabi

'Ya'yan inabi mafi kyau don girma a kudancin Rasha

Sasar Krasnodar tana da yanayin sauƙin yanayi. Amma wasu nau'in innabi har yanzu suna iya daskare saboda dusar kankara. Sabili da haka, suna yin hidimar inabi tare da kayan abubuwa da yawa.

A cikin sasar Krasnodar, an girke nau'in innabi daban-daban, gami da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da giya.

A matsayin makwabcin da ya rayu na dan lokaci a Kuban raba, yawancin lambu suna da zabi na farko da wadanda ba sutura ba. Amma a lokaci guda, mutane da yawa suna amfani da agrofibre azaman tsari. Bayan duk wannan, hunturu akwai yanayin da ba a iya faɗi ba, kodayake yana da watanni 1-1.5. Zazzabi na iya bambanta daga 15 ° C zuwa -10 ° C. Kodayake akwai lokuta da sanyi ya kai alamar -25 ° C.

An biya kulawa ta musamman don kula da tsirrai daga kwari. Suna haɓaka cikin hanzari a cikin yanayi mai dumi da laima. Saboda su, manyan wuraren gonakin inabi suna iya mutuwa.

Yawancin nau'in innabi masu yawa ana dasa su a cikin shirye-shiryen, ta hanyar gwaji, nuna mafi dacewa. A'idodin maƙwabta na da nake so uku ne:

• Nastya (ko Arkady). Farko da sanyi mai jurewa iri-iri. Amma har yanzu yana da kyau a rufe shi idan akwai tsananin sanyi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sosai;
• Rochefort. Daban-daban na farkon tare da manyan tassels na inabbai;
• Novocherkassk mai dadi. Yana kawo kyakkyawan girbi kuma yana da tsayayya da yawancin cututtuka.

Inabi iri-iri na zaɓi na Krasnodar

Mafi kyawun amfanin gona ana iya samunshi daga nau'ikan da aka saba da shi don sauyin yanayi da kuma tsarin ƙasa. Ga yankin Krasnodar, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine nau'ikan zaɓi na tashar gwaji ta Anapa Zonal don Viticulture da Winemaking (AZOSViV). An bambanta su ta hanyar yawan aiki mai girma da kuma ingancin berries.

Ba wai kawai nau'ikan fasaha don samarwa na giya ba, har ma canteens, bambanta cikin balaga, ana kawo su ga AZOS. A lokaci guda, sun dace da ƙasa da yankin canjin yanayin ƙasa na Krasnodar Territory kuma basu da kariya ga yawancin cututtukan fungal.

Sakamakon zane mai ban sha'awa da aikin dogon na masu shayarwa na AZOS, an samo takaddun haƙƙin mallaka a 2011 ta iri:

• Fantasy "Iyaye" - iri Yangi Yer da Criulensky. Itaciyar tana da ganyayyaki masu girma, masu launin shuɗi. Partananan sashi ba tare da ɓarna ba. Bisexual fure. Chwan yana da ƙarfi, matsakaici-mai yawa. Yana da nauyin kimanin 450-500 g. Berriesan itacen berries suna da girma, a cikin nau'in olongated oval. Lokacin da cikakke, suna da launin ruwan hoda mai haske. Juffin ɓangaren litattafan almara suna ƙarƙashin fata mai laushi, tana da tsaba 1-2. Dandano yana da jituwa, tare da acidity na shakatawa. Abun sukari ya kai 180 g / dm³ tare da matsakaicin acidity na 6.5 g / dm³. A iri-iri nasa ne farkon. Tsayayyar sanyi zuwa sanyi -20 ° C da kamuwa da cuta da furfura. Yawan aiki ya kai kilogiram 130-160 / ha. Manoma na yaba masa saboda ingantacciyar hanyar da yake kawowa da kuma shigo da su.
• Wanda ya ci nasara. An buga nau'in iri iri lokacin da haye Muscat na Hamburg da Nimrang. Ganyayyaki a cikin bazara duhu kore, babba, zagaye, matsakaici. Bisexual fure. Bunch yana conic tare da fadi da tushe. Weight a matsakaici game da g 500. Anyi rikodin mafi girman nauyin ɗaya daga 3 kg. The berries ne zagaye, babba, duhu ja. Naman da yake jikinsa yana ƙarƙashin fata mai kauri. Mai cin nasara nasa ne iri tare da farkon ripening. Fruiting yana faruwa a shekara ta 3-4. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 125 c / ha. A iri-iri ne talauci resistant zuwa sanyi da talauci regenerated bayan lalacewa. To shan kashi na kwari da cututtuka ne matsakaici resistant. Berries ba safai ba, sabili da haka, ana amfani dasu galibi don adana, sabo da bushewa. An kiyasta ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen da maki 8.8.
• Taman. An samo shi ta hanyar tsallake nau'ikan Kardinal da Criulensky. Ganyen suna da girma, mai siffa-zana. Rashin aikin gona da baya na gefen baya. Ba a buƙatar mai amfani da sprayer ba. Bunan wasan yana da sako-sako, fararren siffa na conical, matsakaici nauyi - 570 g. Tasirin dandano shine maki 9. A iri-iri nasa ne wanda ya kai ga balaga. Yin tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari na gida yana da kyau. Yawan aiki shine kimanin kilogiram 150 / ha.
• Fari da wuri. An kawo iri-iri iri iri ta hanyar tsallake Lu'u-lu'u na Saba da na Samarkand. Bisexual fure. Gungu suna da girma, suna da faɗi ainun. Ididdigar ta bambanta daga 400 zuwa 850 g .. berriesan fari suna da fari-rawaya, babba, m. Theaukar nauyin Berry guda ɗaya ya kai g 5-6 Gashin fata yana da bakin ciki da bakin ciki, amma yana da ƙarfi sosai. Ta hanyar balaga, ana kiran su da farkon nau'in tebur. Yawan aiki shine kilogiram 130 / ha. An nuna godiya iri-iri saboda dandanorsa (maki 8.9 yayin dandanawar) da kuma bayyanar berries. Daga cikin gazawar, ana iya rarrabe jinkirin sanyi.
• Rubin AZOS. Ba'a buƙatar mai aikin pollinator iri-iri. Ya na da furanni bisexual. Icalungiyoyin gargajiya na matsakaici. Rage nauyi ya bambanta daga 190 zuwa 240 g. .An wasan sun zagaye da juna, shuɗi mai duhu tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai yawa. Ruby AZOS nasa ne a tsakiyar lokacin-maki. Resistance da cuta da sanyi ne matsakaita. An nuna godiya iri-iri saboda dandano, dandano mai dandano wanda shine maki 9.8.

Hoton hoto: 'Ya'yan inabi sun bushe a cikin ƙasa ta Krasnodar

Varietiesarancin marasa sutura

Varietiesarancin marasa sutura ra'ayi ra'ayi ne na yanayin da ke dogara kai tsaye akan wurin narkar da su. Idan babu dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu, to a kowane yanayi yana da kyau don kare itacen inabi daga sanyi. Ba za ku iya yin tsari mai zurfi ba, amma kawai yayyafa tare da bushe ganye ko rufe tare da agrofiber.

Na nau'ikan da ba rufe sutura don namowa a cikin Yankin Krasnodar, ana iya rarrabe abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Amur nasara. Tsarin-ripening na matsakaici tare da jure sanyi zuwa -40 ° C, cututtuka, rot da lalacewar kwari. Wine da ruwan 'ya'yan itace an shirya daga duhu rasberi duhu.
• Crystal Ana ɗaukar dusar ƙanƙara har zuwa -29 ° С. Resistant zuwa mildew da launin toka rot. 'Ya'yan itãcen fari ne ko kore mai duhu. Amfani da giya
• Platovsky. Yana da suna na biyu - Early Dawn. Dankin yana da kyau sosai da wuri, wanda zai iya jure wa sanyi ƙasa har zuwa -29 ° С. Ana tattara farin fari a cikin matsakaici-sized. Don haɓaka yawan aiki, ana bada shawara don cire matakai da rassan rauni.
• Amethyst. Yankunan farkon, rigakafi ga cuta kuma zai iya jure sanyi har ƙasa zuwa -32 ° C. Berries duhu masu launin shuɗi suna farawa a ƙarshen watan Agusta da Satumba.
• Kay Gray. Yankin yana da cikakke, wanda zai iya jure da zazzabi -2 ° C. Abubuwan harbe suna da ƙarfi da tsayi, amma berries suna ƙanana, tare da takamaiman dandano na Isabella. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa mildew, baki da launin toka rot. Ana amfani dashi galibi don yin bushewar giya.
• A tatsuniyar Sharov. Frostarancin tsaka-tsaka-tsaka-tsaka-tsakin yanayin withan ƙasa har zuwa -34 ° С. Abubuwan duhu masu duhu masu duhu suna da dandano na strawberry. A cikin yanayin ƙasa na Krasnodar Territory, ana bada shawara don kula da kariya daga maganin oidium.
• Maurice Earley Sanyin sanyi na aji zuwa -36 ° C. The berries ne duhu purple, kusa da baki. Girbi a watan Satumba. Don sauri ripening na berries a kusa da itacen inabi, an cire duk ganye.
• Jarumi. Varietyayan saɓo na farkon da zai iya jure dusar ƙanƙan ƙasa zuwa -46 ° C. A berries kananan, duhu shuɗi. Gungu na matsakaita-matsakaici, mai yawa. Berries ana cinye sabo, ana amfani da su don yin ruwan 'ya'yan itace da giya.

Hoton hoto: nau'in innabi ya girma ba tare da tsari ba

Matakan farko

Yanayin ƙasa na Krasnodar Territory ya ba da damar shuka 'ya'yan inabi daban-daban na lokaci. Godiya ga wannan, zaku iya cin sabo sabo na tsawon watanni 3.

Mazauna Kuban sun ba da shawarar samun inabbai da yawa na balaga daban-daban. Da kyau, idan za su bambanta ko da launi da girman berries, da dandano. Saboda haka, zaku iya raba berries don manufar da aka yi niyya. Wasu za su zama da kyau don amfani da sabo, wasu za su fitar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai daɗi, kuma ana iya kiyaye wani abu sabo har zuwa watanni 3. Wannan daidai ne abin da mazaunan garin ke yi.

Varietiesa'idodin farkon da suka fi dacewa da haɓakawa a cikin sasar Krasnodar sun haɗa da:

• Kwallan Saba. Berries ripen a ƙarshen Yuli. Bayan dasa, ya fara bada 'ya'ya a cikin shekaru 2-3. Tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. An kiyasta ɗanɗano na berries a kan sikelin 10-maki akan 8.1.
• Madeleine Anzhevin. Ripen berries fara a farkon watan Agusta. Yawan da ingancin amfanin gona ya dogara da pollinator. Mafi kyawun shine nau'in Chasla. Yawan nauyin gungu ya kasance daga 120 zuwa 230 g. An kiyasta dandano a maki 7.6. An ba da shawarar yin shuka a cikin arewacin yankuna na Krasnodar Territory.
• Chasla fari. Yana fara yin midan girma a tsakiyar watan Agusta. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin shekara ta biyu bayan dasa shuki. Bunches ya kai nauyin kimanin 150 g. An kiyasta dandano a maki 7.6. Ana amfani da berry ba kawai don amfanin gida ba, har ma don fitarwa. Suna da ingancin kiyayewa da ɗaukar hoto.
• Nutmeg Chasselas. Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari tsakanin masu shayar da giya a cikin sasar Krasnodar. Ripening yana farawa a farkon rabin Agusta. Tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. Zai fara yin 'ya'yan itace bayan dasa a cikin shekaru 2-3. Beriki yana da matsakaicin matsakaitan kaya kuma galibi ana amfani dashi don amfanin gida. An kiyasta ku ɗanɗani da maki 8.3.
• Chaush. Ya fara farawa a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Agusta. Yana da furanni marasa daidaituwa, saboda haka ya kamata a samar da pollinator yanki. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine Chasla. Matsakaicin nauyin bunch shine 410 g (wasu sun kai 600 g). Ana amfani dashi galibi don amfanin gida da samarwa saboda ƙarancin sufuri.
• Harshen Muscat. Ripening yana farawa a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Cikakken fruiting yana faruwa shekaru 4-5 bayan dasawa. Gungu arean kadan ne. Yawan nauyinsu ya bambanta daga 60 zuwa 220 g. An kiyasta dandano a maki 8.6. Ana amfani dashi musamman don amfani na gida da kuma samar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace waɗanda ke da ɗanɗano mai sauƙi da bayanan kula da ƙanshi a cikin ƙanshi. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin shuka a yankuna tare da ruwan sama mai yawa. Berries na iya fashe saboda ruwa mai yawa.

Hoto na hoto: nau'ikan innabi na farko don ritasar Krasnodar

Karshe maki

Ana shuka nau'ikan latti don mafi yawan ɓangarorin a kudancin yankunan yankin. Ga mai kyau fruiting, m da gajere winters ne kyawawa. Dukan itacen inabi na iya mutuwa daga dusar ƙanƙara. Idan ripening faruwa a zazzabi kasa da 20 ° C, to, berries zai zama ƙanana da m.

Nau'in marigayi na yau da kullun da aka girma a cikin sasar Krasnodar sun haɗa da:

• Don fararen fata Tana da lokacin tumatir na kwanaki 150-155. The berries ne kore-rawaya, babba, m a siffar. Jiki yana da taushi, yana da kyau. Furanni suna daga nau'in mace, don haka wajibi ne don samun pollinator. Mafi kyawun wannan nau'in sune Senso da Muscat fari ko Hamburg.
• Karaburnu. Manyan berriesa berriesan berries ba su da kullun, rawaya tare da kore tint. Suna da dandano mai daɗi mai daɗi da ɗanɗano da nama mai ƙwari. Manyan gungu ana san su da kyakkyawan jigilar kayayyaki. Yawan aiki yana da kyau daga shekara zuwa shekara, babu kwasfa na fure da zubar furanni. Yana buƙatar tsari don hunturu.
• Kasar Moldova Abubuwan berries suna da yawa (masu nauyin kimanin 55 g), launin shuɗi mai duhu a launi. A ƙarƙashin fata mai laushi tana daɗaɗɗen maras fa'ida. Bunki yana da matsakaicin nauyin 400 g. Dodon yana jurewa sosai kuma ana san shi da ingantaccen ingancin har zuwa kwanaki 180. Resistant zuwa mildew da launin toka rot.
• Nimrang. An dauke shi ɗayan mafi kyau a cikin jerin nau'ikan tebur a duniya. Furanni suna jinsi-daya. Kamar yadda pollinators, Kishmish baƙi, Saperavi, Muscat na Hungary sun dace sosai. The berries ne m, babba, fari-rawaya a launi da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Rayuwar shiryayye da iyawar 'ya'yan itacen suna da yawa. Ana amfani dasu galibi a cikin sabon tsari, don shirye-shiryen ruwan 'ya'yan itace da giya, don bushewa.
• Odessa baki. The berries ne matsakaici a cikin size, zagaye, baki a launi tare da purine Bloom. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne m, tare da ceri-thorny gama. Gungu suna ƙananan, nauyin 200 200. Ana bambanta nau'ikan da karuwar juriya sanyi kuma yana da ikon jure sanyi lokacin sanyi zuwa -22 ° C.
• Halifa ruwan hoda. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan tebur mafi mahimmanci. The berries ne duhu ruwan hoda, m a siffar. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai yawa da crispy. Yana da jituwa mai jituwa na sukari da acid. Gungu suna da yawa, suna awo daga 500 zuwa 800 g.

Hoton Hoto: :ananan nau'ikan innabi na Late

Nasiha

Kuban nawa ya yi girma a kan ƙasa mai yashi, amma Nadezhda AZOS ba ya son yin girma, Dole ne in rabu da shi. Kuma zan dasa wasu bushesan bushes a cikin Kuban, Na kuma so shi sosai. Kuban yana da fa'idodi masu yawa. An buge shi da mildew, amma ba mai yawa ba, yana yiwuwa mai yiwuwa don sarrafa halin ta hanyar fesa ruwa a kai a kai.

Tatyana Andreevna

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=647

A cikin ƙasarmu, Fantasy ya buge da launin toka wanda ba shi da mafita - fata yana da taushi kuma nama yana da laushi. A lokacin toshewa, maimakon gungu, akwai kawai ruɓaɓɓu. Don sanyi, da iri-iri ne m kuma na bukatar m tsari na bushes na hunturu. Gabaɗaya, mun daɗe mun watsar da wannan nau'in ba - don yankinmu ba kwata-kwata.

Krasokhina

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A Rasha, ana samar da sama da 50% na inabi na masana'antu a cikin ƙasa na Krasnodar. Babban yanki na viticulture - Temryuk, Anapa, Krymsky, kazalika da biranen Novorossiysk da Gelendzhik, suna girma inabi a cikin adadi kaɗan a cikin gundumar Novokubansky (sashin rufe yankin viticulture).Manoma na Viticulture suna girma irin su Cabernet Sauvignon, Moldova, Bianca, Chardonnay, ƙungiyar Pinot, Augustine, Merlot, Riesling, Saperavi, Aligote, Sauvignon, an adana su daga Soviet na lokacin dasa Isabella. Yawancin masu son mashaya giya a wannan yanki, amma kungiyar Kuban kungiyar masu aikin giya ba ta zama, abin takaici. Zai yiwu har yanzu ya zo.

Yanina Derkach

//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=31.0

Girma inabi a cikin ƙasa na Krasnodar ya fi sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da sauran yankuna na Rasha. Duk da yanayin dumin yanayi, akwai wasu fasali a nan. Don haka, zaɓin da ya dace na iri-iri na iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Wajibi ne a la'akari da kusancin wasu nau'ikan.