Domin samun 'ya'yan itace masu ɗanɗano masu daɗin ɗanɗano na kankana zasu buƙaci ƙoƙari mai yawa. Al'adar a kowane mataki na ci gaba yana buƙatar wani ɓangaren abinci mai gina jiki kuma idan ba a ba da shi akan lokaci ba, ba kawai tsire-tsire zai sha wahala ba, har ma da amfanin gona nan gaba. Kankana na kayan miya za a iya aiwatar dasu da takin gargajiya da takin gargajiya, kuma ya fi dacewa a hada su, wanda zai tabbatar da ingantaccen abinci na tsirrai.
Yadda za'a gano ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki
Lokacin girma kankana, muhimmin tsari shine miya. Kuna iya takin wannan al'ada tare da mahaɗan daban-daban, waɗanda suke da sauƙin samu duka a cikin tsari da ƙoshinku. Don Berry ya girma daɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗawa, yayin da ake horar da shi, dole ne a sanya wasu abubuwan a cikin ƙasa, rashi wanda jihar shuka zai iya tantancewa:
- Nitrogen Tunda wannan kashi ya shiga cikin aikin daukar hoto, karancinsa yana bayyana kansa a cikin nau'ikan tsiro mai saurin girma, samuwar bakin ciki da gajerun harbe, kananan inflorescences, gami da fita tare da launin furen kore. Bugu da kari, yellowness na veins ya bayyana akan ƙananan ganye, sannan kuma akan babba.
- Phosphorus Duk da cewa wannan sinadari yana nan a cikin mai da yawa a chernozem, ba'a sameshi ta hanyar da tsire-tsire suke buƙata, shine, baza su iya ɗaukar shi ba. Gourds suna buƙatar phosphorus a duk tsawon lokacin girma. Tare da rashin wannan abun, tushen tsarin tsirrai zai yi rauni, ganyayyaki suna kanana tare da halayyar launin toka-kore ko launin shuɗi. Babban ganye wanda ke kusa da harbi ya juya ya zama rawaya, kuma launin shuɗi ya bayyana tsakanin jijiyoyin. Sannan an shafa ganyen na sama. Bayan bushewa, kayan aikin takardar ya zama baƙi. Baya ga rage girma shuka, ovary kuma bayyana a ƙarshen, da kuma sabon ganye an kafa a kananan girma.
- Potassium Wannan abun yana daidaita ma'aunin ruwa. Rashin bayyanarsa yana bayyana ta hanyar tsiron tsutsa. Idan shuka ba shi da potassium a lokacin lokacin 'ya'yan itace, za a rage ingancin berries. Don yin sama da rashi na wannan kashi a cikin ƙasa, dole ne a sanya takin mai magani tare da abubuwan da ke cikin potassium.
- Kashi Godiya ga wannan kashi, ana bayar da mahimmancin ayyukan membranes cell. Rashin abu yana bayyana a cikin nau'i na furanni bakararre da mutuwar ovaries. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda ke rashin alli, girma ƙanana da m, har ila yau suna da ƙarshen ƙarshen inflorescence.
- Magnesium Rashin ingancin wannan kashi yana bayyana a yankuna tare da zafi mai-zafi. Ganyen ganye da launin ruwan kasa tsakanin jijiyoyinmu suna tabbatar da karancin abu.
Bidiyo: alamun rashi na gina jiki
Ma'adinan ma'adinai don gourds
Idan ana son cin abinci mai yalwar tsami, tozartar da abubuwan tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire dole ne a sa su a cikin manyan allurai. An gabatar da takin mai ma'adinai a cikin ƙasa yayin shuka. Gabatarwar wani bangare ko wani abin dogara ya dogara da tsarin ci gaban al'adu. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke samar da abinci mai narkewa shine potassium. Tare da isasshen adadin wannan sinadari, fure zai zama barga, yawan aiki zai ƙaru, jure shuka ga kwari da cututtuka zasu inganta.
Zai dace a yi amfani da takin ma'adinai bayan ana amfani da ƙasa, watau, bayan ban ruwa ko ruwan sama, bayan haka lallai ne an yanke ƙasa. Idan kayi abinci mai gina jiki ba tare da fara bushewa ba, to amfanin amfaninsu ya kusanci sifili. Don samun cikakken kayan amfanin gona na kankana da gourds a duk tsawon lokacin tsiro, ana buƙatar gabatar da ma'adanai da abubuwan ƙwayoyin cuta. Da takin mai magani na iya kasancewa cikin ruwa mai kauri. Bari muyi dalla-dalla kan abin da ya ƙunshi ɗaya ko wani abu na abinci mai gina jiki.
Nitrogen
Abincin ma'adinai na yau da kullun shine urea (urea), nitonium nitrate da nitonium sulfate.
Urea
Urea sanannen taki ne wanda yake shafar ci gaban shuka, yana hanzarta aiwatar da sinadarin photosynthesis. Koyaya, wuce haddi kwayoyin halitta a cikin qasa suna bada gudummawa ga saurin bunkasar kore kore. A sakamakon haka, ganye da ganye zasu yi girma a cikin kankana, kuma adadin furanni zai kasance kaɗan. Girbi tare da babban allurai urea za a bambanta shi da canza launin launi da kuma lalatawar ɗanɗano.
Urea shine ɗayan mafi kyawun takin ma'adinai tsakanin takin nitrogen.
Nitarin nitrate
Amfani da sinadarin nitrogen kamar nitonium nitrate ya kunshi kashi 34% na nitrogen. Ba'a ba da shawarar ciyar da gourds tare da wannan abu ba, tunda nitrates ya tara a cikin 'ya'yan itacen, wanda ke cutar lafiyar ɗan adam. Koyaya, idan kun fahimta, to, karuwar allurai na nitrates za'a iya kafawa kawai lokacin da aka gabatar da nitrate a cikin adadin mai yawa. Dangane da wannan, zamu iya cewa gabatar da nitrate a ƙarƙashin kankana a cikin adadi kaɗan ba zai cutar da lafiyar ɗan adam ba.
Sulfate na Ammonium
Ammonium sulfate ya bambanta da takin mai magani na nitrogen a cikin cewa yana dauke da sulfur. Amfanin wannan taki shine karancin sa idan aka kwatanta da urea da nitrate. Baya ga gourds, za'a iya amfani da sulfate na ammonium don 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari. Muhimmin fasalin wannan takin shine gaskiyar cewa wannan abun shine yake lalata mutane gaba daya.
Ofaya daga cikin takin mai magani na nitrogen da ake amfani dashi azaman suturar ma'adinai shine ammonium sulfate, wanda ya ƙunshi sulfur ban da nitrogen
Phosphate
Fertilizersayan da takin zamani mai mahimmanci ga kowane tsirrai, gami da kankana, su ne phosphate ko kuma sun saba da su duka - takin mai magani (phosphates). Ammophos da superphosphate za a iya rarrabe su daga mafi mashahuri.
Ammophos
Ammophos shine kyandir mai launin toka wanda ya ƙunshi 12% nitrogen da 52% phosphorus. Kada ku rikitar da ammophos tare da ammophos, saboda waɗannan sune takin mai magani daban-daban. Baya ga nitrogen (12%) da phosphorus (15%), ammonium foshat shima ya ƙunshi potassium (15%) da sulfur (har zuwa 14%).
Wasu lambu suna da ra'ayin cewa a cikin abun da ke ciki na ammophos babu isasshen nitrogen. Koyaya, yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa ana amfani da wannan haɗin, da farko, kamar yadda abincin phosphorus yake. Takin yana inganta ci gaban tushen tsarin tsirrai, yana kara juriya ga cututtuka da yanayi, yana inganta haɓaka aiki, yana sa ɗanɗanon ɗanɗano ya zama mai taushi, sannan kuma yana tasiri amincin amfanin amfanin gona. Ammophos yana da mahimmanci musamman ga yankuna masu bushewa inda ƙasa take da rashin phosphorus.
Superphosphate
Irin takin zamani kamar superphosphate na iya zama nau'ikan daban-daban:
- mai sauki;
- sau biyu;
- granular;
- ammoniated.
Wasu samfuran sun ƙunshi magnesium, molybdenum, boron da sauran abubuwa. Yawan phosphorus a cikin takin ya bambanta daga kashi 20 zuwa 50%. Babban fa'idar superphosphate shine takin zamani mai narkewa ne. Wannan yana bawa shuka damar samun abinci mai sauri lokacin amfani da riguna masu kyau a cikin hanyar maganin shayarwa.
Superphosphate shine takin ma'adinai na ruwa mai narkewa tare da babban abun phosphorus (20-50%)
Dankali
Tun da yake potassium yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaban tsirrai, ƙarin gabatarwarsa ba zai zama superfluous ba.
Maganin chloride na potassium
Fertilizersaya daga cikin mafi yawan takin zamanin potash ga gourds shine potassium chloride. Wannan abu yana ƙaruwa da juriya na kankana zuwa m tasirin muhalli da cututtuka, yana ƙarfafa tushen saiti. Abubuwan da ke tattare da potassium chloride sun hada da kashi 65% na potassium da kuma sinadarin chlorine, wanda a tsawon lokaci ake wanzuwa ta hanyar ban ruwa da hazo daga ƙasa. Kamar yadda abincin potash na tsire-tsire, zaka iya amfani da potassium sulfate ko potassium nitrate.
Tsarin gargajiya na kankana
Tsarin takin gargajiya zai kasu zuwa abubuwa na dabbobi da asalin kayan lambu. Sun ƙunshi nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus. Duk waɗannan abubuwan ya kamata a shafa a allurai masu dacewa.
Kayan lambu
Kamar yadda ciyarwar shuka, humus, jiko na ciyawa, vermicompost, har da ash itace galibi ake amfani dasu.
Humus
Kyakkyawan zaɓi don ciyar da kankana shine humus, wanda shine ɓangaren ƙasa da aka kafa yayin lalacewar tsirrai da ragowar dabbobi. Ana samun mafi girman taro na humus a cikin ƙwallan chernozem. Kamar yadda ake amfani da irin wannan takin, ciyawar zomo, doki da juji.
Ganyayyaki ganye
A sauƙaƙa sauki kuma a lokaci guda mai amfani taki ne jiko na ciyawa. Kowane a cikin yankin su a lokacin kakar yana yaƙar ciyayi, yana yin weing. Koyaya, to, ba lallai bane a cire ciyawar ta ƙona shi - ana iya amfani dashi don shirya jiko. Kodayake irin wannan abincin ba zai maye gurbin humus ba, hada haɗin takin zai ba ku damar samun girbi mai kyau.
Bidiyo: takin ƙasa da ƙasa daga jiko na ganye
Karshen
Na dabam, ya cancanci tsayawa akan vermicompost, saboda takin da aka shirya akan wannan ɓangaren shine mafi yawan lokutan gina jiki fiye da taki da takin rotted. Biohumus takin gargajiya ne wanda yake fitowa daga aiki da kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa daga tsutsotsi na California. Bayan aiwatar da sarrafawa, tsarar kwayoyin ta kasance a cikin ƙasa, wanda ya dace don ɗaukar tsire-tsire. Amfanin vermicompost shine rashi microflora na pathogenic da ciyawa. Takin yana inganta ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itatuwa kuma yana ƙaruwa da juriya daga tsirrai zuwa cututtuka.
Itace ash
Lambu da lambu suna yadu amfani da ash itace, wanda samfuri ne daga konewar itace, ciyawa, bambaro, ciyawar. Ash yana dauke da abubuwanda ke tabbatar da ci gaban tsirrai. Wadannan sun hada da zinc, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, phosphorus, alli, boron. Tare da gabatarwar ash a cikin ƙasa, juriya da tsire-tsire na kwari yana ƙaruwa, juriya ga kamuwa da cuta da ɗanɗanar amfanin gona.
Fertilizersaya daga cikin takin da ake samu shine ash ash, wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa kamar zinc, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, phosphorus, alli, boron
Dabbobi
Daga cikin takin gargajiya na asalin dabbobi, wadanda suka fi fice sune taki, dattin tsuntsu, da mullein.
Taki
Mutum zai iya fada ba tare da karin gishiri ba game da taki cewa wannan ita ce mafi mahimmancin takin gargajiya. Abun da ke ciki na iya bambanta dangane da zuriyar dabbobi da aka yi amfani da ita ga dabbobi (sawdust, bambaro). An yarda dashi gaba ɗaya cewa mafi kyawun taki shine wanda yake amfani da gado mai kauri. Godiya ga bambaro, takin yana samun tsari mai kyau, kuma a kan aiwatar da lalata kayan kwayoyin halitta suna bayar da abubuwa masu amfani. Ya danganta da matsayin lalata sirar da taki, ingancin takin ya bambanta: mafi girman matsayin lalata, kayan gona na da inganci mafi girma, tunda ya fi sauƙi ga tsire-tsire don ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki.
Haka ma wajibi ne don yin la’akari da gaskiyar cewa ba a amfani da ciyawar sabo, amma a cikin overripe. In ba haka ba, takin tare da irin wannan takin zai cutar da rigakafin tsirrai, rage jinkirin ci gaba, da kuma rage dandano. Bugu da kari, sabo taki yana haifar da adadin zafi mai yawa a farkon lalacewarsa, wanda zai iya lalata tsiro. Bugu da kari, a cikin irin wannan tsaba tsaba na sako tsirrai da qwai na kwari suna dauke, wanda idan aka kawo shi cikin qasa zai kawo illa kawai.
Shuka takin gargajiya ne mai mahimmanci wanda aka yi amfani dashi sosai don inganta takin ƙasa.
Tsuntsayen Bird
Droaukar tsuntsayen sun shahara daidai, musamman kaji. Abun ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa, musamman, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. Hakanan ana san samfurin ta hanyar lalata sihiri da aiki tukuru. Ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa bai cancanci amfani da zuriyar dabbobi a cikin tsarkinsa ba, tunda takin yana da babban taro.
Yin sakaci da amfani da tsinkayen kaji na iya haifar da konewar tsirrai, tunda uric acid yana nan a cikin abun da ke ciki. Ana amfani da Litter, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin nau'i na hanyoyin magance ruwa mai narkewa, ana tsabtace shi da ruwa, a cikin fall ana amfani dashi a cikin bushewa, kuma a cikin bazara an haƙa shi. Za a iya amfani da shi a cikin bazara, amma a cikin nau'i na takin mai-overripe takin. Tashin hankali shine kwayar halitta da kwayoyin halitta wanda ke ba da izini a ƙarƙashin rinjayar mahimman ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Bidiyon: Ciyarwa daga daskararre kaji
Mullein
Mullein - taki wanda ƙaunar da yawa lambu, amfani da kai miya da kuma wakiltar wani jiko na taki saniya. Samfurin yana da ƙaunar muhalli. Ya ƙunshi babban adadin nitrogen, alli, potassium da phosphorus, da kuma wasu abubuwa masu amfani. Mullein babban taro ne wanda yake kullun kananan kumfa.
Mullein jiko an yi amfani dashi don ciyar da lambu da gonakin lambu iri daban-daban
Wanne ya fi kyau: takin gargajiya ko takin gargajiya
Ra'ayoyin lambu game da amfani da takin mai magani ya bambanta: wasu sun fi son kwayoyin halitta kawai, yayin da wasu sun yi imani cewa ba tare da takin ma'adinai ba za ku iya samun amfanin gona mai kyau ba. Yaya yanayin yake? Ya kamata a bincika wannan batun sosai dalla-dalla don fahimtar wane takin zamani ake fin so kuma me yasa.
Da farko, ya kamata a lura da cewa kwayoyin halitta ana saninsa da wani dogon aiki idan aka kwatanta da takin ma'adinai. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon jinkirin lalata kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka tsarin sa, gami da tarin humus. Koyaya, yakamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa yawan amfani da takin gargajiya zai taimaka wa jari na nitrates a cikin tsirrai. Wannan shi ne saboda abun da ke cikin nitrogen a cikin irin takin.
Amfanin takin ma'adinai ya hada da sauƙin amfani. A yau zaku iya siyan abubuwan da ake buƙata don takamaiman tsire-tsire, amma har ma irin waɗannan takin mai magani ba su iya warware batun takin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, wasu abubuwa na gurbata kasar, saboda haka amfani da ma'adanai akan kasa na acidic ba tare da iyakancewa ba zai zama mara amfani. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin kayan lambu da kayan marmari na 'ya'yan itace sun fi son tsaka tsaki, ɗan acidic da ƙasa mai nauyi. Amma game da kasa mai acidic, tsire-tsire ba za su iya shan abubuwan gina jiki a kansu ba. Don haka, don ciyawar kankana, ana buƙatar ƙasa tsaka tsaki, i.e. pH = 7.
Ba za'a iya amfani da takin gargajiya ba tare da abubuwan sunadarai ba. Game da amfani da takin ma'adinai, ba da jimawa ba mutum zai nemi takin don inganta tsarin kasar. Koyaya, ta amfani da kwayoyin halitta kawai, babu makawa a sami babban amfanin, wanda yake da alaƙa da rashi da rashin daidaituwa na abubuwan gina jiki. Kodayake takin gargajiya sun ƙunshi nitrogen, bai isa ba a lokacin da ake buƙata. Sabili da haka, hadi tare da ma'adanai a ma'aunin daidai yana da tasiri ga ci gaba, haɓaka da amfanin gona na amfanin gona. Wannan yana nuna cewa kwayoyin halitta da ma'adanai suna haɗu da juna kuma ya zama dole a aiwatar da takin iri biyu.
Bidiyo: ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya
Kankana miya miya magunguna
Daga cikin nau'ikan takin gargajiya, magungunan gargajiya ba su da shahararrun manyan riguna.Waɗannan sun haɗa da yisti da ammoniya.
Yisti
Don miya mai yisti, ana amfani da yisti na yau da kullun. Maganin abinci mai gina jiki dangane da irin wannan kayan aikin yana aiwatar da waɗannan ayyukan:
- yana kara yawan kasar gona;
- stimulates shuka.
Inganta haihuwa yana faruwa ne saboda abun da ke tattare da kwayoyin cuta a cikin yisti, kuma tushen tsarin ke bunkasa tare da irin wannan riguna da yawa sau da sauri. A sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire mafi ƙarfi yana haɓaka, wanda a lokaci guda yana karɓar adadin abinci mai gina jiki.
Don kankana, zaka iya shirya ratsful mai narkewa daga yisti na yau da kullun, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta
Amoniya
Amoniya ko ammoniya (ammoniya) na iya taimakawa wasu lokuta akan aiwatar da haɓaka watermelons. Tun da abu ya ƙunshi mahadi na nitrogenous, tsire-tsire suna karɓar abubuwa masu mahimmanci yayin sarrafa duka harbe da ganye. Koyaya, yin amfani da ammoniya yakamata a sake amfani dashi azaman makoma ta ƙarshe, shine, lokacin da baza'a sami damar yin tsirar da shuka ta wasu hanyoyin ba.
Amoniya (ammoniya) galibi ana amfani dashi ga takin amfanin gona, tunda abu ya ƙunshi mahallin nitrogen
Tushen miya
Duk wani tsire-tsire a cikin gonar za'a iya ciyar dashi tare da tushe da hanyoyin foliar. Tushen miya shine babbar hanyar shigar da abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa kusa da tushen ƙwayar, wanda ke tabbatar da ci gaban al'ada da ci gabanta. Ana iya amfani da tushen tushe ga ma'adanai da kwayoyin a cikin ruwa ko tsayayyen tsari.
Ana iya shirya kwayoyin halittar ruwa daga slurry, mullein, droppings eye ko ash ash. An gabatar da irin waɗannan abubuwa a lokacin haɓakar shuka, watau, a cikin Mayu - farkon watan Yuni. Bugu da kari, ana amfani da kwayoyin halittar ruwa ga jinkirin girma da kuma raunana tsirrai. M takin gargajiya, kamar taki daga dabbobin gona, daskararre daga kaji da zomaye, suna cikin hatsi a cikin kaka.
Idan an ba da fifiko ga takin ma'adinai, to, ya kamata a yi amfani da abubuwa mai narkewa don miya miya. Wadannan sun hada da nitrofoska, urea, ammophos da sauransu. Ana amfani da takin mai ma'adinin ma'adinai (nitrogen, potash, phosphorus) ga ƙasa yayin faɗuwa. Da bazara, duniya za ta cika da waɗannan abubuwa masu amfani kuma tsire-tsire za su iya shaye su kullum.
Tushen miya shine babbar hanyar da za'a gabatar da abinci mai gina jiki a cikin kasar kusa da tsarin tushen shuka.
Mayafin saman Foliar
Manyan miya na Foliar na kankana, wanda kuma ake kira ganye (babban miya akan ganye), gabatarwar abinci ne ta cikin ganyayyaki, bawai ta hanyar tsarin ba. Thewarewa da fa'idar wannan hanyar takin shine cewa abubuwan gina jiki suna shiga tsirrai cikin sauri fiye da tushen tushe. Koyaya, tare da hanyar foliar, ba shi yiwuwa a samar da tsirrai tare da abinci mai yawa. Ana amfani da kayan miya saman Foliar mafi yawan lokuta don gabatar da takin mai magani a cikin ƙananan adadi, i.e., yana da ƙari ga ciyar da tushe.
Don rarraba maganin abinci mai gina jiki akan mai tushe da tsirrai na tsire-tsire, suna farawa zuwa fesawa. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan hanya da safe ko a sa'o'in yamma. A cikin rana, zaku iya fesa kawai cikin yanayin girgije, wanda zai ba da izinin abun ciki ya zauna a cikin ganyayyaki na tsawon lokaci. Ko da kuwa da takin da aka yi amfani dashi, Organic ko ma'adinai, kuna buƙatar yin hankali game da maida hankali kan mafita. Tsarin da aka mayar da hankali sosai, musamman tare da takin mai magani na nitrogen, na iya ƙone ganye. A cikin huɗar bazara, i.e. lokacin da isan ganye ya girma, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarancin tsarke tsami fiye da lokacin da ake kula da ganye. Urea ya fi dacewa lokacin fesawa: Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin babban taro, idan aka kwatanta da sauran abubuwan nitrogen.
An gabatar da kayan miya na sama na Foliar ta hanyar fesa tushe da ganyayyaki, wanda ke ba ku damar hanzarta isar da abubuwan amfani ga shuka
Tsarin Tsiren Gyada
Yayin da kankana yake tasowa, sukan ciyar da shuka sau da yawa. Ya danganta da yanayin ci gaban al'adu, ana amfani da takin gargajiya. A lokacin shuka tsaba, ya zama dole don amfani da cakuda ƙasa wadda ta kunshi ƙasa da humus a cikin rabo na 1: 3, har da potash, phosphorus da nitrogen da takin mai magani na 1 tbsp. l
Takin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na kankana
Lokacin shuka mean itacen kankana, dole ne a samar da abinci mai gina jiki saboda tsire-tsire basu ƙoshin kowane abu. A lokacin haɓaka, ana buƙatar ciyar da seedlings sau 1-2. Fertilizersayan mafi kyawun takin zamani don wannan dalili shine tsintsar tsuntsu. Don shirya bayani mai gina jiki, an haɗa ruwan litter tare da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10, bayan haka ana shayar da tsire-tsire. Baya ga zuriyar dabbobi, zaku iya amfani da mullein, takin daga wanda aka shirya a irin wannan hanya. Idan an ba da fifiko ga takin ma'adinai, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da urea. Tsage kayan daidai da umarnin. Takaddun takaddun da aka lissafa sun ƙunshi babban adadin nitrogen, wanda ya zama dole ga tsire-tsire a farkon matakin girma.
Amma ga babban miya da kanta, a karo na farko ana yin takin seedlings a lokacin samuwar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu, a karo na biyu - makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ko kuma greenhouse. Kyakkyawan tasiri ga ci gaban seedlings yana da itacen ash. Ana iya amfani dashi ta hanyoyi daban-daban: zuba karamin adadin a ƙarƙashin tushe ko tsarma 1 tbsp. ash a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma zuba tsire-tsire tare da bayani mai gina jiki.
A karo na farko ana ciyar da ganyen kankana a lokacin ƙirƙirar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu, karo na biyu - makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki a cikin dindindin
Manyan miya bayan dasa shuki a cikin kasa
Makonni 2 bayan dasawa seedlings zuwa wuri na dindindin, an ciyar dashi da nitonium nitrate. Don shirya mafita a cikin 10 l na ruwa, 20 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi suna diluted kuma 2 l ana cinyewa a kowace shuka. Ana iya amfani da takin gargajiya a maimakon takin ma'adinai: wani mullein (1:10) ko tsintsin tsuntsu (1:20) an bred da ruwa, 30 g na superphosphate da 15 g na alli chloride an kara su a guga daga cikin abun da ke ciki.
Hakanan zaka iya samar da tsirrai tare da abinci mai mahimmanci tare da jiko dangane da ciyawar ciyawa. Babban mahimmancin shirya takin shine a cika babban tanki mai girma tare da ciyawar ciyawa, tare da ƙari na ruwa da nace don makonni biyu ko fiye: cakuda ya kamata a fermented. Kuna iya ƙara ash na itace ko digawar kaza a cikin abun da ke ciki, ta haka ne za a sami darajar abinci mai guba. Bayan fermentation, sakamakon da aka dillanci ne diluted 1:10 da ruwa da kuma shayar 1 lita a karkashin wani daji.
Yawon shakatawa zuwa ga magungunan gargajiya, bayan dasawa kankana, zaku iya ciyar da yisti. Amfani da wannan takin ya sa ya yiwu don canja wurin tara zuwa tsire-tsire kusan ba tare da jin zafi ba. Yisti mai ƙanshi ya fi dacewa da riguna masu kyau, amma galibi galibi suna amfani da yisti mai bushe. Don shirya maganin gina jiki daga yisti, dole ne a aiwatar da matakai kamar haka:
- Rage 100 g na abu a cikin 3 l na ruwa tare da ƙari na ɗan sukari mai yawa (1 tsp).
- Nace da mafita don 7 kwanaki, bayan da aka diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo daga 1:10.
- 1 lita na taki ana zuba a ƙarƙashin kowane daji.
Bidiyo: ciyar da kankana tare da jiko na ganye bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Manyan miya kafin fure
A cikin lokaci na budada, watermelons kuma suna buƙatar ciyar da su. A matsayin abinci, zaku iya amfani da 4 g na alli chloride da ammonium nitrate, da kuma 6 g na superphosphate a kowace shuka. Ana iya amfani da takin mai magani a bushe ta hanyar shayarwa kafin da bayan tsarin ciyarwa.
Miya yayin saita 'ya'yan itace
A cikin lokacin ovary don ciyar da watermelons, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da takin mai magani na ciyayi. Idan babu, to, ku ciyar da tsirrai sau 2 tare da mita na kwanaki 15. A matsayin mai gina jiki, ana amfani da boric acid, wanda zai ba 'ya'yan itacen zaki. Don shirya mafita a cikin ruwa na l 5 na ruwa, 5 g na acid an narkar da shi kuma ana aiwatar da miya a saman foliar. Don yin suturar potassium-magnesium, ya wajaba don narke 2 Allunan Asparkam a cikin 0.5 l na ruwa. Hakanan ana kara da mafita ta hanyar foliar.
Lokacin da aka saita 'ya'yan itace, ana iya yin miya tare da takin mai zuwa: superphosphate (10 g), gishiri na potassium (35 g), ammonium sulfate (24 g), waɗanda ke narkar da a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma suna shayar da tsirrai a ƙarƙashin tushen lita 2 a kowane daji. Kodayake superphosphate yana narkewa cikin ruwa, dole ne ya fara cika da ruwan zãfi. Potassium a cikin irin wannan abincin yana hanzarta tayarwa, kuma phosphorus yana da alhakin girman 'ya'yan itacen. Koyaya, dole ne mutum yayi la'akari da cewa yawan ƙwayar phosphorus zai haifar da samuwar fruitsan kananan .an itace.
Dace da cancantar ciyar da watermelons na inganta ƙawancen furanni da kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itace wuri
Don samar da kankana tare da abubuwan da ake buƙata na ganowa a duk tsawon lokacin girma, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire da takin mai foliar tare da adadin kwanaki 10-15. Zaka iya, alal misali, amfani da Uniflor-micro (cokali 2 a lita 10 na ruwa) ko wasu kwayoyi: Jagora, Terraflex, Crystal, Novofert, Nutriflex. Ana amfani da abubuwa daidai da umarnin, wanda ke nuna adadin da ake buƙata da lokaci na aikace-aikace. Idan shuka ya daina girma, yana da ƙananan ko ganye mai launin rawaya, mai kara, mai fure, babu fure, to lokaci ya yi da za a nemi tinmonia tincture. Don shirya maganin gina jiki, tsarma 3 tbsp. l abubuwa a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Daga nan sai su gauraya da kyau sannan su sha ruwan kankana, su guji shiga cikin ganyayyaki.
Dole ne a fahimci cewa tsarin duniya na ciyar da kankana da kowane irin amfanin gona ba ya kasancewa. Mafi yawa ya dogara da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona, yanki na namowa, jihar na tsirrai, wanda kuke buƙatar saka idanu akai-akai da kuma sanya abubuwan da suka dace. Babban abu ba shine overdo shi. Idan an gabatar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole a gabatar da ƙarancin nitrogen da ƙarin takin mai magani. Idan ƙasa, akasin haka, ba su da humus, ana buƙatar ƙarin nitrogen.
Bidiyo: ciyar da gourds da takin gargajiya
Duk da irin rikitowar da ke tattare da rikice-rikice, kowa na iya samun ɗanɗano da manyan ofa ofan ruwa na kankana a cikin niyyar kansa. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar bin dokokin fasahar aikin gona kuma, kula da yanayin tsirrai, aiwatar da abubuwan da ake buƙata na zamani. Bayan duk, ingantaccen abinci mai dacewa a daidai lokacin haɓaka shuka shine mabuɗin zuwa amfanin gona mai inganci.
