Zumchini mai laushi, mai daɗi da ƙoshin lafiya ya zama samfurin da babu makawa ga duk waɗanda ke jagorantar rayuwa mai lafiya. Yawancin lambu suna da sha'awar wannan kayan lambu, kuma duk da gaskiyar cewa zucchini yana da zafi sosai, suna girma da shi a cikin yankuna masu wahala yanayin yanayi. Zucchini yana da ƙarancin buƙatu - isasshen danshi da zafi. Kuma yawan amfanin karamin daji na iya wuce duk tsammanin.
Bayanin Zucchini
Mun koya game da zucchini in mun gwada kwanan nan - a cikin 80s. Da farko, wannan kayan lambu da sunan sabon abu ya haifar da tuhuma, amma da yake ya ɗanɗana wannan mafi yawan kayan lambu, 'yan lambu da sauri sun sami gadajen da ba su da yawa.
Zucchini wani nau'in squash ne. Sunansa - zucchini, ya fito ne daga ɓarke zucca, wanda a cikin Italiyanci yana nufin kabewa. Kuma mutane suna kiran wannan kayan lambu "zucchini na Italiya."
Godiya ga m dandano na zucchini da sauri lashe magoya
Zucchini tsire-tsire ne na shekara-shekara. Yana da karamin daji, ba tare da saka jeri ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka dasa zucchini a cikin karamin yanki, tunda zai ɗauki sarari kaɗan. Ganyen an ɗaga shi sama, basa sa ƙasa. Suna kama da na ado - babban dutsen ganye da aka watsa yana da yanayin wrinkled kuma wani lokacin an rufe shi da tsarin raga na azurfa. A kan mai tushe da petioles pubescence ne kusan ba ya nan. Launi na ganyayyaki kore ne, mai zurfi kuma mai ruwa. Furannin furannin Zucchini suna da yawa, ana fentin su a cikin launi mai rawaya-orange mai haske, wanda ke jan hankalin kwari da yawa.
Tsire-tsire na Zucchini - karamin daji wanda ya dace don yayi girma a kowane kusurwar rana
'Ya'yan itacen suna da yawa, amma akwai iri tare da siffofi masu zagaye. Girman mafi kyau duka na tattara shine cm 10 cm, matsakaicin tsawon da zucchini ya kai shine 20-25 cm. Mafi yawan fentin yana cikin fenti kore ko launuka masu launin shuɗi. Za'a iya yin kwalliyar saman 'ya'yan itacen da wasu karairayi, aibobi da rariyoyi iri-iri. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne m, m, crispy, amma sosai m.
'Ya'yan itacen Zucchini suna da kama da zucchini, amma karami
Zucchini, ba tare da wata shakka ba, kayan lambu ne na duniya. Ana soyayyen, steamed, marinated, stewed, cushe - wato, an ɗora wa kowane nau'in aikin dafuwa. Ana cin 'ya'yan itace mai ƙwaya ne a lokacin da aka haɗe da salads na bitamin (ba kwa buƙatar buƙatar kwasfa fata, kafin mai laushi). Dauke da zucchini 21 kcal kawai a cikin 100 g, ingantaccen samfurin abinci ne wanda yake ba makawa ga mutanen da suke son samun nau'ikan siriri.
A cikin abinci da yawa na duniya har ma ana cinye furanni na zucchini na Italiya. An cusa su da cuku mai taushi, minced jatan lande, soyayyen a batter.
Cushe furanni na zucchini - wannan ba ma kwano bane, amma aikin fasaha ne na dafuwa
Hakanan ana amfani da kayan lambu mai ban sha'awa a cikin kayan kwalliya. An shirya masks daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda ke wartsaka, sautin fata, danshi da laushi fata na fuska. Haka kuma, a hade tare da kayan abinci daban-daban, zucchini ya dace da kowane fata.
Zucchini - yana da matukar amfani. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, yana da kusanci da zucchini, amma ba kamar shi ba, abubuwan da ke cikin zucchini suna samun sauƙin ta jikin mu. Kuna iya cin kayan lambu don kowa - da tsofaffi da matasa.
Na gina jiki a cikin zucchini - tebur
| Abubuwa | 100 g abun ciki |
| Maƙale | 2.71 g |
| Carbohydrates | 3.11 g |
| Fiber mai cin abinci | 1.1 g |
| Fats | 0.4 g |
Abun da ya shafi ma'adinai ya kamata ya haskaka babban abun ciki na potassium, da phosphorus da magnesium. Theaya daga cikin bitamin, A da C sune ke jagoranci.Bayansu, kayan lambu suna ɗauke da bitamin B6 da abubuwa masu amfani:
- baƙin ƙarfe
- alli
- mata;
- zinc;
- sodium
Sakamakon bambancin abubuwan abubuwan ganowa da bitamin, zucchini shine samfuri mai mahimmanci don warkar da jiki, hanawa, kulawa da inganta yanayin cututtuka daban-daban. Wannan ingantaccen kayan lambu yana taimakawa:
- kunna tsarin narkewa;
- haɓaka aikin sirri da aikin motsa jiki na hanji da ciki;
- cire gubobi da ruwa mai yawa daga jiki;
- sauƙaƙa yanayin tare da gout, nephritis, urolithiasis, pyelonephritis na kullum da cuta na rayuwa a cikin jiki;
- haɓaka hangen nesa da yanayin hakora, gashi, fata.
Kayan lambu yana da amfani ga mutanen da ke fama da:
- hauhawar jini
- atherosclerosis, hepatitis;
- cholecystitis;
- cutar gallstone;
- cututtukan zuciya;
- cututtukan duodenal;
- anemia.
Wataƙila kawai contraindication, ban da rashin haƙuri ɗaya, shine cutar koda, wanda kawar da potassium daga jiki yana lalacewa.
Abubuwa masu amfani da aka samo a cikin zucchini suna haɗuwa da sauri kuma wannan yana sa kayan lambu lafiya
Yadda zucchini ya bambanta da zucchini
Duk da kama da alaƙa da dangi, zucchini da zucchini suna da bambance-bambance da yawa.
- Alamun waje. Ba kamar zucchini ba, zucchini yana da babban daji da harbe har abada. Launi na zucchini ba ta da launi sosai, bawo nata launin shuɗi, wani lokacin kusan fari. Furen fure yana karami kuma ya canza launin launi fiye da zucchini.
- 'Ya'yan itãcen. Zucchini yana da fasalin iri ɗaya kamar zucchini, amma ƙarshen yana da girman 'ya'yan itace - har zuwa cm 40. Kwasfa yana da ƙwari, don haka dole ne a cire shi lokacin dafa abinci. A zucchini ɓangaren litattafan almara ne denser da coarser. Zucchini tsaba ƙanana ne, ba a farfado da dogon lokaci, don haka 'ya'yan itacen da ke yafe ba sa buƙatar a tsaftace su akan lokaci. Zucchini yana da akasin haka - akwai yawancin tsaba, suna da wuya kuma dole ne a cire su lokacin dafa abinci.
- Yanayin girma. Zucchini yana da daɗaɗaɗa da hoto, amma zucchini yana iya sauƙaƙe tare da ɗan inuwa kaɗan.
- Ripening rate da fruiting zamani. Zucchini ya huda kusan wata ɗaya a baya fiye da zucchini. Amma zucchini na iya yin 'ya'ya mafi tsayi, alal misali, daga baya ana girbe nau'ikan a ƙarshen Satumba.
- Adanawa. Zucchini kayan lambu ne mai lalacewa. Amma zucchini, godiya ga fata mai yawa, za'a iya adana shi na dogon lokaci, idan an cika duk yanayi.
- Yawan aiki Kowa ya san cewa zucchini kayan lambu ne mai yawan gaske. Amma zucchini, duk da ƙaramin girman 'ya'yan itacen, kusan sau 2 ya fi wadata.
Zucchini da zucchini - menene kama da bambance-bambance - bidiyo
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Shahararren zucchini ya tayar da sha'awa daga masu shayarwa. Yawancin nau'ikan da ke da halaye daban-daban da launuka iri-iri. Bari mu bincika wasu daga cikinsu.
Tsukesh
An yarda da shi a cikin namo a Tsakiyar, Tsakiyar Volga da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Nagari don bazara fim greenhouses. Ripeness na 'ya'yan itacen ya kai kwanaki 51 bayan tsiro. Dajin ba shi da harbe-harbe. Babban panti gajere ne. Babban ganye mai duhu mai ƙarfi da aka watsa yana da siffar mai hawa biyar. 'Ya'yan itacen cylindrical ne a sifa, har zuwa tsawon cm 40. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 890 g. Fata yana da bakin ciki, mai laushi, koren duhu mai duhu da dige masu haske. A ɓangaren litattafan almara fari, m, yana da kyau iyawa. Yawan aiki yana da kyau - har zuwa kilogiram 12 daga 1 m². Abin shafawa na launin toka yana tasiri zuwa matsakaici mai tsayi.
Zucchini Tsukesh - wani ɗan fari ne wanda ya fara ficewa
Sabuwar nau'in Tsukesh zucchini an bambanta ta da karfinta kuma wannan shine ainihin abin da nake so. Ba ni da ƙasa mai yawa kuma kowane yanki ya cancanci nauyinsa a cikin gwal, saboda haka bayyanar wannan nau'ikan yana ba ku damar tattara muhimmin yanki na gonar.
Pomidorchik
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Ebony
A cikin 2007, an saka shi cikin Rajista na Jiha don yankuna na arewacin Caucasian da Far Eastern. Lokacin girma yayi gajere - kwanaki 43. A daji ne karami, tare da kananan karfi disseed ganye. Farfajiyar farantin daidai take, da karancin nutsuwa. 'Ya'yan itace na tsawon matsakaici, silsila a sifa tare da ƙaramin diamita. A fata ne kore kore tare da yaxuwa spotting. Weight daga 400 zuwa 900 g. Ku ɗanɗani kyau. Yawan aiki yana da kyau - 464 - 777 kg / ha. Yana da juriya game da ƙananan yanayin zafi.
Zucchini Ebony yana da kyakkyawan dandano
Matar baƙar fata mai duhu kore, mai sheki, 'ya'yan itacen sun daidaita, haɓaka, dandano shine mafi kyawun abin da na gwada cikin bayyanar, yayi kama da Jirgin sama, amma ba babba ba
amplex
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Zolotinka
A shekara ta 2010, an yarda da shi wajen bunkasa a dukkan yankuna na kasar. Nagari don buɗe ƙasa a cikin shirye-shiryen na biyu na sirri. Yana ɗaukar fruiting a ranar 40 - 45 bayan fitowar seedlings. A inji shi ne matsakaici-ply, tare da karfi da dissected ganyen matsakaici size. Fuskar faranti tana da duhu kore, tare da tabo mai rauni. 'Ya'yan itacen suna cikin siffar silinda, tare da matsakaici ko haƙarƙari mai ƙarfi. Fata yana da rawaya, akwai ƙananan ɗigo. Pulunƙwasa mai laushi, mai laushi, mai ɗanɗano ɗanɗano. A taro na tayin daga 700 g to 1 kg. Yawan aiki 5,2 kg / m².
Zucchini Zolotinka saboda yawan kwasfa mai yawan gaske an adana shi sosai
Na girma wannan iri-iri sau da yawa. Yawan aiki yana da kyau kwarai da gaske. Amma ba zan iya faɗi wannan ba game da juriya da cutar. Mafi yawan lokuta sau da yawa ana shafawa tare da lalacewa idan aka kwatanta da duhu zucchini.
masko4
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Tiger cub
Shekarar hadewar a cikin Rijistar Jiha na shekarar 2008, aka shigar da shi ga namo a dukkan yankuna. An ba da shawarar yin namo a cikin shirye-shiryen na biyu na sirri. Daga matakin germination zuwa fruiting, 60 zuwa 65 days wuce. Dankin shine ɗan da aka ɗanɗana daji tare da karamin dissected ganye. 'Ya'yan itacen yana da tsayi, mai lankwasa, sililin a cikin sifa. Fuskar ta dafe kai, launi ta halin canza launi duhu da hasken rawaya mai duhu da kuma yaduwar launuka mai ƙarfi. Pulangaren litattafan almara shi ne mai yawa, mai laushi, yana da launi mai laushi mai haske. Babban taro na 'ya'yan itace cikakke yana daga 720 g zuwa kilogiram 1.2. Yawan aiki 5.7 - 7.4 kg / ha. An kwatanta shi da haƙuri mai haƙuri.
Zucchini Tiger cub - fari fari haƙuri
Zucchini don abinci kawai, kamar Tiger cub da Murzilka. Na dasa a cikin ganga biyu biyu na leaky 2 bushes kowannensu, amma zai fi dacewa 1 daji kowane, kamar yadda suke murkushe junan su
Galas
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Gidan Bird
An ba da izini kafin a yi girma a yankin Tsakiya da Volga-Vyatka a shekara ta 2009. An ba da shawarar ga makircin kuɗaɗen sirri. Wannan lokacin daga cikakkiyar har zuwa cikakkiyar fasaha shine kwanaki 46 - 57. Itace take da tsari, karami. Ganyen suna matsakaici, yan dan kadan. Bayan tayi cikakkiyar ƙarfin fasaha, tayin zai samu cikakkiyar sifa mai fasalin pear. Farfajiyar da aka fiɗa, kore, aka yi wa ado da kayan ado. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne matsakaici yawa, m, tare da kyakkyawan iyawa. Amfanin tayin tayi daga 700 g zuwa 1.1 kg. Yawan kayan aiki ya fi ingancin maki - 580 - 735 kg / ha. An kwatanta shi da fari da juriya na sanyi.
Zucchini Skvorushka tana tsayayya da maganin sanyi da lokacin bushewa
Sowed Squash wannan shekara - wani irin tsoro. Ba wai kawai BA mai taushi ba ne, amma ban da lokacin da zan yi fure, amma fatar ta riga katako. Kuma Na dasa shi kimanin shekaru 3 da suka wuce - yana da nau'in softer.
MurziK
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Jirgin sama
Yankunan juriya na haƙuri sune Tsakiya, Volga-Vyatka, North-West, ƙananan Volga, Ural, Far East, Gabas Siberian. Shekarar shigarwa cikin Rajistar Jiha 1987. Daga cikakken tsiro zuwa lokacin tattarawa, kwanaki 46 suka shude. Karamin tsire-tsire mai ƙaramin ɗanɗano tare da ɗan gajeren babban harba da lasan lashes. 'Ya'yan itace cylindrical tare da santsi mai laushi na launin kore mai duhu. Akwai zane a cikin nau'i na ƙananan dige na launi mai launin shuɗi. Jiki yana da taushi, mai kamshi, mai laushi, mai taushi, mai launin rawaya. An lura da ɗanɗano yana da kyau. Nauyin tayin shine kilogram 1.3. Yawan aiki 7 kg tare da 1 m². Resistance da hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri cututtuka ne mai ƙarfi, to powdery mildew ne sama da matsakaita. Yana da kyakkyawan jigilar kaya.
Zucchini Aeronaut ya yaba da juriya da cutar
Gabaɗaya, Aeronaut ya fi so - sun girma a baya fiye da kowa, mai matukar inganci da daɗin ci.
Yew
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Zucchini dasa
Zucchini za a iya girma a cikin hanyoyi biyu - seedlings da tsaba. Kowannensu yana da halaye na kansa.
Dasa shuka
Al'adu masu saurin kai da ɗaukar zafi a yankuna masu haɗarin noma shine ya fi girma ta hanyar shuka. Amma yana da kyau kada kuyi gwaiwa cikin shuka, musamman idan kuna zaune a yankuna masu yanayin sanyi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana yin shuka ne a tsakiyar ko ƙarshen Afrilu, muna fatan cewa sauyawa cikin ƙasa ya kamata ya faru cikin kwanaki 25 - 30.
Zucchini tsaba ba su rasa ikon yin shuka na shekaru 10. Amma mafi girman ingancin sune shekaru 2 - 3.
2 - 3 shekara tsaba da kyau germination
Seedlings a kan windowsill
Kafin dasa, bi da tsaba don inganta germination. Amma da farko sai a raba su ta rarrabe abubuwa marasa amfani. Don haka dumama kayan da aka zaɓa. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce kunsa tsaba a cikin kayan auduga kuma saka baturin wutan lantarki na tsakiya, bar shi ya kwana 3. Amma zaka iya riƙe su tsawon awanni 4-6 a zazzabi na 50-60 ° C a cikin tanda.
A ganina, wannan hanyar yafi rikitarwa. Akwai haɗarin kawai a soya su ko ba a dumama su ba, saboda ba kowane tanda daidai yake nuna zafin jiki da ake so ba.
Kuma a sa'an nan kuna buƙatar tinker kaɗan, amma sakamakon yana da daraja.
- Don lalata tsaba, riƙe na rabin sa'a a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate. Sai a shafa.
- Kashegari tsaba za su kashe a cikin maganin boric acid (0.002%). Wannan hanyar za ta ƙara haɓaka, haɓaka haɓaka na farko, haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da kashi 10 - 20%. Kuna iya sayan abubuwan haɓaka haɓaka iri daban-daban a cikin shagon musamman, suma suna ba da kyakkyawan sakamako.
- Sa'an nan kuma bi hardening. Bar tsaba a nannade cikin m nama da farko a dakin zafin jiki na 6 hours. To, don kwanaki 1.5 sanya a kan ƙananan shiryayye daga cikin firiji.
Domin tsaba don farantawa tare da seedlings m, dole ne a sarrafa su kafin shuka
Yayinda ake sarrafa tsaba, kada ku ɓata lokaci a banza, amma ku shirya komai da kuke buƙata don shuka. Shirya kasar gona cakuda kanka ta hanyar haɗawa a daidai gwargwado turf ƙasa, humus, m yashi da peat tare da ƙananan acidity. Karka manta ka lalata abun da aka shirya ta hanyar fesawa da sinadarin daskararren launin ruwan hoda. Idan ba ku da kayan haɗin da ke hannun dama, za ku iya siyan ƙasa na shuka a farfajiyar furanni, amma ya kamata har yanzu ku ƙara yashi.
Yana da kyau a shuka tsaba a cikin kwantena daban, saboda ana iya lalata Tushen m lokacin rami. Zaku iya shirya kowane akwati a yatsanku - kofuna waɗanda za'a iya jefa (amma ba ƙarami ba), seedlings, kofuna waɗanda peat ko Allunan na musamman don dasa, bayan soya su a ruwa.
Saukowa da kulawa
- Cika akwati tare da cakuda ƙasar cakuda. Zuba abubuwa da yawa kuma a shuka iri ɗaya zuwa 2 a kowane ganga. Kusa da zurfin da bai wuce cm 3. Sanya tsaba a ɗakin kwana.
- Rufe kofuna tare da jakar filastik kuma sanya shi cikin wuri mai haske. Don haɓakar al'ada, tsaba suna buƙatar zazzabi a cikin kewayon 20 - 22 ° C.
- Bayan kwanaki 5, da tsaba zai yi girma. Lokacin da duk seedlings suka fito, za'a iya cire jakar don kada seedlings ya sha wahala daga zafi mai zafi.
- Don kauce wa shimfiɗa seedlings kwanaki 10 na farko bayan fitowar shuka, rage zafin jiki - a cikin rana daga 15 zuwa 18 ° C, da dare daga 12 zuwa 15 ° C. Danshi baya kasa da kashi 60%, amma baya sama da kashi 80%.
- Ruwa matsakaici, kiyaye kasar gona m, amma kada ka cika ambaliyar. Ruwa kawai da ruwan dumi (25 ° C)!
- Ya kamata a sanya walƙiya don kada seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings su shimfiɗa.
Shuka tsaba don shuka - bidiyo
Na girma seedlings a kan taga na kudu. The Crimean rana haskakawa mai haske, Saboda haka koyaushe ina inuwa seedlings a tsakar rana. Refracting a cikin gilashin taga, haskoki na iya haifar da bushewar tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin gaske da kuma sharar ƙasa.
A lokacin girma seedling, ciyar da shi sau biyu. A karo na farko da seedlings zai juya kwanaki 8 - 10, na biyu - bayan makonni 2. Cikakken takin zamani ana amfani dashi azaman miya. Zaka iya shirya maganin superphosphate - 2 g da lita 1 na ruwa.
Seedlings a cikin greenhouse ko a karkashin fim
Idan kun bi duk ka'idodin da ke sama, to, a cikin kora ko a ƙarƙashin fim, zaku iya shuka seedlings mai ƙarfi a cikin tabarau. Tabbas, dole ne ku yi tinker, musamman a kwanakin zafi. Don kada seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings su toshe, zai zama dole don buɗe mafaka, amma yin wannan kawai daga gefen huhun. Amma to irin waɗannan seedlingsan itacen za su sami wadataccen lokaci fiye da na cikin gida.
Dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa
Lokaci don dasa shuki a cikin falon bude gado ya zo daidai da yanayin yanayi da ya dace. M seedlings iya tsayawa ba sanyi, don haka ya kamata a dunƙule ƙasa har zuwa 12 ° C a zurfin 10 cm. Irin wannan yanayin ya zo a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni. Kar ka manta da ka taurara gida seedlings 1.5 zuwa 2 makonni kafin dasawa a cikin ƙasa, dauke shi a kan titi kuma a hankali kara lokacin da aka kashe a cikin iska.
Idan an nuna muku ta hanyar alamun jama'a, to, lokacin dasa shuki ya kaddara ta da dandelions na fure.
An shirya gadaje na zucchini ta hanya ta musamman. Zaɓi yanki mafi haske, tunda dole ne a samar da shuka tare da matsakaicin adadin zafi da haske. Godiya ga wannan, ƙwayar da sauri ta fara girma kuma ta zarce ko da zucchini mai saurin girma.
- Zucchini Italiyanci ya fi son loams tare da acidity mara ƙima ko tsaka tsaki, babban amfani wanda shine yawan haihuwa da ingantaccen friability. A lokacin bazara, an zabi wurin da aka zaɓa na ragowar ciyayi. Ya fito da bayanin gadaje - daga kudu zuwa arewa. Tsarin saukowa - 70/70 cm.
- Dangane da tsarin da aka tsara, an haƙa ramuka mai zurfi na 25-30 cm kuma faɗin 40/40 cm. A kasan ramin, an tattara ragowar tsire-tsire - ciyawar ciyawa, fiɗa, ganyayyaki masu faɗo, ɓaure. Kada ku yi amfani da ragowar tsire-tsire masu cuta! Irin wannan gurbin yayin bazuwar ba kawai zai iya ɗora tushen tushen ba, amma kuma zai zama ƙarin tushen abubuwan gina jiki.
- A cikin bazara, lokacin da aka kafa yanayi mai kyau don dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa, ɗauki 1 tbsp. l biyu superphosphate, urea, potassium sulfate (zaka iya ba tare da ita ba), kwalbar rabin lita na itacen ash. Komai ya hade da ƙasa kuma ya cika ramuka. Yana dai itace karamin tuddai.
- Ana zubar da tsakiyar ƙwanolin tare da ingantaccen bayani na potassium permanganate (1.5 g kowace guga na ruwa), ƙasa zata zauna, kuma ana dasa shuki a cikin maɗaurin kirim. Juyin jiki yana gudana ne ta hanyar jingina shi don kada ya lalata tushen sa.
- Bayan rufe fim ɗin ƙasa. Amma a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin, yawanci lokaci yayi tattarawa kuma danshi yakan tashi. Don seedlings, wannan bala'i ne, don haka iska kullun, yana ɗaga fim a cikin lokacin dumi.
Dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude - bidiyo
Ina sanya shi dan sauki a ganina. Don rufe gadaje kuna buƙatar fim mai yawa. Sabili da haka, Na dasa seedlings a karkashin kwalabe na filastik 6-ruwa daga ƙarƙashin ruwa, tun da farko sun yanke ƙarshensu. Ina nutsar da kowane kwalban a ƙasa yayin da yake jike yana da sauƙin yi. Don iska da tsire, Na cire hula. Lokacin da matashin shuka ya yi tushe kuma ya yi ƙarfi, sai in cire kwalban.
Madadin rufe kayan, ana iya amfani da kwalabe filastik.
A cikin yankuna masu tsauraran yanayin yanayi ko a wuraren da ke da ƙasa mai nauyi, ana bada shawara don dasa zucchini a cikin gadaje masu tsayi. A cikin irin waɗannan tsarukan, ƙasa tayi zafi sama da sauri, wanda ke nufin zucchini zai ji daɗi.
Dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa
Wannan hanyar saukowa ta dace sosai ga yankuna na kudanci da kuma Midland.
- Don girma zucchini ta shuka iri, zaɓi wani shafi daidai gwargwado iri ɗaya kamar na dasa shuki a cikin hanyar seedling. Amma shirya ƙasa kaɗan daban. Tabbas, ya fi dacewa a yi wannan a gaba - a faɗi.
- Tona ƙasa da aka share ƙasa zuwa zurfin shebur, harda ƙara kayan abinci a 1 m² - 5 kilogiram na kwayoyin, 25-30 g na potassium sulfate da ninki biyu superphosphate.
A cikin fall, tono a cikin abubuwan gina jiki
- Tona kasar gona mako guda kafin a sake dasa shuki, ƙara 20 g na ammonium nitrate ta 1 m².
- Yi laushi farfajiya na maƙarƙashila da rake don babu katsewa.
A cikin bazara, kafin sauka, matakin shafin
Tsaba kafin a dasa shuki da aka riga aka bayyana a sama, amma kafin a dasa su a cikin kasa, suna bukatar a barsu damar kyankyasar don hanzarta aiwatar da fitowar seedling. Don yin wannan, kunsa tsaba da aka bi da su a cikin wani zane mai bushe, zai fi dacewa a nuna, kuma a bar wasu kwanaki biyu a zazzabi a ɗakin. Tabbatar don sarrafa saboda kada tsaba su yi girma. Kuna buƙatar dasa shi a cikin ƙasa da zaran ƙaramin fure ya fito daga hancin zuriyar. Shukewar tsaba, wanda a cikin tsararren ganye cotyledonous suka bayyana, basu da ci gaba.
Chingyayan tsaba suna kama da sauri
Shuka tsaba a kan shimfiɗar shimfiɗa yana farawa daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa farkon Yuni, lokacin da aka isasshen ƙasa. Tsarin saukowa iri daya ne.
Mataki-mataki-mataki
- Sanya dintsi na humus da ash a ramin da aka haƙa, haxa shi da kyau tare da ƙasa kuma yayyafa da ruwa.
- Ana iya saka tsaba har zuwa 2 a cikin rami ɗaya.
- Zurfin zuriyar da aka taɓa ƙasa ya dogara da girmanta. A cikin ƙasa mai sako-sako, ana iya zurfafa iri zuwa 5 - 6. cm Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, mai nauyi, to dasawa ake yi zuwa zurfin zurfin - har zuwa 4 cm.
- Bayan dasa, kowace rami dole ne a mulched tare da bushe ƙasa domin danshi evaporates more sannu a hankali.
A cikin ƙasa mai kwance, za ku iya dasa zurfin iri, cikin m - a akasin wannan, ba a ba da shawarar yin zurfafa ba
Lokacin zabar shafin don dasa shuki ko shuka, kar a manta da juyawa amfanin gona. Magabata na kwarai sune:
- kabeji;
- solanaceous;
- Peas.
Amma bayan dasa kabewa ba da shawarar ba, tun da yake ƙasa ta tara cututtukan da za su tsoratar da zucchini.
Kula da Zucchini
Zucchini na Italiyanci ba shine asalin shuka ba, amma yana buƙatar danshi mai kyau.
Itace Kulawar Jiki
Zucchini shi ne kayan lambu mai son danshi, saboda haka yazama ya kamata a dace a kan kari. Kada ku bar ƙasa ta bushe a gandun daji, in ba haka ba, zucchini zai zubar da ƙwayoyin. Amma ba shi da daraja a cika duniya, Tushen rashin samun isashshen sunadarin oxygen zai fara farawa.
A kowane yanki, tsarin ban ruwa ya bambanta da hazo da kuma yawan ranakun da ke da rana, amma ana yin daidaitaccen ban ruwa sau ɗaya kowace kwana 5. A lokacin fruiting, yana ƙaruwa - 1 lokaci bayan kwana 3. Tsarin ruwa a ƙarƙashin daji shine lita 10 - 12.
Ruwa kawai da ruwan dumi. Yi ƙoƙari don danshi ba ya samun ganyayyaki da ovary, don haka zuba a ƙarƙashin tushen. Yana da kyau a gudanar da aikin da sanyin safiya.
Zuba zucchini kawai tare da ruwa mai dumi a ƙarƙashin tushe
Ana yin sutturar farko ta sati 2 bayan dasawa. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa mai ma'adinai, waɗanda ake amfani dasu a ƙarƙashin tushe bayan rigar ta farko. Very m zucchini ga kwayoyin. Maganin mullein 1/10 ko ɗigon kaza 1/20 zai taimaka sosai lokacin fure. Amma idan babu irin wannan takin, itacen ash zai taimaka fita. A lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa, zucchini yana buƙatar takin phosphorus-potassium. Ana shirya maganin aiki bisa ga umarnin.
Kula da gadaje tare da zucchini Italiyan tsabta. Hanya da kuma kwance bayan ruwa sune ka'idodin kulawa, wanda bai kamata a kula dashi ba. Kuma kar ka manta game da amfani kaddarorin ciyawa. Zai taimaka wajen kula da matakin danshi na yau da kullun a cikin ƙasa da kare tushen daga matsanancin zafi.
Zucchini yana son gadaje masu tsabta
Kula da Zucchini daga Tsaba
Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, ya kamata a bar shuka mafi ƙarfi a cikin rami. Ya kamata a yanke rauni ko a datse shi. Idan kayi ƙoƙarin cirewa, yi shi a hankali don kada ka lalata tushen sauran seedling. Wata daya bayan dasa shuki, ana amfani da takin ƙasa zuwa ƙasa - 40 g na hadadden ma'adinai da aka narkar da a cikin l 10 na ruwa. In ba haka ba, kulawa ana aiwatar da su kamar yadda tsire-tsire suke girma.
Dokokin kulawa na gaba ɗaya
Duk irin hanyoyin da aka shuka zucchini, akwai ƙa'idodi na gaba ɗaya don kulawa da shi.
- Zucchini yawan amfanin ƙasa ya dogara da aikin pollinating kwari - ƙudan zuma, bumblebees. Don jawo hankalin su, shirya wani rauni bayani na zuma (1 tsp. Narke a cikin gilashin ruwa) da fesa da fure bushes na shuka da sassafe. Tare da rashin isasshen pollination, ovary din ya zama rawaya, ta bushe kuma ya faɗi. Wannan yawanci yakan faru da babban zafi, lokacin da pollen ya kasance tare ko cikin yanayi mai zafi - pollen ya rasa ikon yin sa. A cikin yanayi lokacin da kwari ba sa tashi, zaku iya aiwatar da aikin pollination da hannu. Yanke namiji furen kuma, yankansa ko lankwashe gashinsa, shafa pollen din ga furen mace. Maleaya daga cikin namiji fure ya isa don pollination na 2 - 3 mace.
Wani lokaci zucchini dole ne a goge shi da hannu
- Duk da gaskiyar cewa zucchini ya girma daidai, ta tsakiyar farkon kakar girma babban taro mai ganye a kan shuka. Yana kawo cikas tare da tsari na yau da kullun iska a cikin tsakiyar daji da pollination, baya yarda da hasken rana ya zafi kasar gona. Don haɓaka hasken wuta, dumama da iska, cire mayafi 2 zuwa 3 daga tsakiya. Bugu da kari, ya zama dole a yanke ƙananan ganyayyakin da ke kwance a ƙasa kuma su hana 'ya'yan itaciyar girma.
- Idan 'ya'yan itacen suka shiga cikin matattarar ƙasa, suna iya fara jujjuyawa da ƙira. Don hana wannan, wani yanki na faranti ko karamin kwamiti da aka sanya a ƙarƙashin fruitan itacen zai taimaka.
Girbi da adanawa
Don godiya da dandano na zucchini, suna buƙatar tattara su akan lokaci. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari waɗanda suka kai 10 ko 15 cm a cikin girman su ne mafi yawan dadi. Suna da bagaden da ya fi dacewa, ƙwaƙƙwaransu suna da bakin ciki sosai da za a iya ci.
Wani fasali na zucchini shine gaskiyar cewa idan ba ku girbi da lokaci ba, ba za a ɗaure sabbin 'ya'yan itatuwa ba.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana cire 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke kowane mako. Amma a tsakiyar bazara wannan dole ne a yi shi akai-akai. Yanke zucchini tare da kara, tsawon lokacin yana jujjuyawa, tsawon lokacin yana iya adana kayan lambu.
Dole ne a tattara Zucchini akan lokaci
Don ajiya, zaɓi kawai 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, bawo wanda ba shi da alamun injin ko wasu raunuka. Yawancin peanyan fari farkon ana cin abinci nan da nan. Amma iri tare da fata mai yawa (Squorushka, Zolotinka) za'a iya adanar kusan duk hunturu, an shimfiɗa su a cikin Layer ɗaya. Babban abu shi ne cewa ba sa taɓa juna. Yanayin ajiya:
- zazzabi daga 3 zuwa 10 ° C;
- zafi 60 - 70%;
- samun iska mai kyau a daki.
Kada a fallasa wurin ajiya. Sabili da haka, idan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna cikin akwati a kan baranda, dole ne a rufe su da wani zane mai yawa.
Zucchini za'a iya adanar shi a cikin firiji ta sanya su a cikin jaka. Don haka suka karya wata daya. An kiyaye kayan lambu daidai a cikin tsari mai sanyi. Sliced a da'irori ko cubes kuma cushe a cikin filastik m m, 'ya'yan itãcen iya amince lafiya har zuwa na gaba girbi. Kuma zucchini billets sune hanya mafi kyau don haɓaka abincin hunturu.
Gourmets zai yaba da dandano na gwangwani zucchini
Cututtuka da kwari halayyar zucchini
Idan kun dace da yanayin dasa kuma yin la'akari da jujjuyawar amfanin gona, to ana samar da amfanin gona mai lafiya. Amma matsaloli tare da yanayin da wasu kuskuren kulawa zasu iya haifar da yaduwar cututtukan yawancin halayyar zucchini. Idan kun gane cutar a cikin lokaci kuma kuyi amfani da matakan sarrafawa cikin gaggawa, babu wani mummunan abu da zai faru.
- Powdery Mildew Wannan cuta mafi yawan lokuta tana haifar da matsala ga masoya zucchini. Ya fara bayyana a fili, a cikin nau'ikan ƙananan aibobi na fari a kan farantin takardar. Sannan aibobi sun haɗu suka rufe duka fuskar, suna kaiwa ga bushewa da rashin ƙarfi daga cikin takardar. Motsawa zuwa makwabta ganye, powdery mildew zalunta daji, fure da kuma samuwar ovaries daina. Yaduwar kamuwa da cuta na naman kaza na ba da gudummawa ga damɓa, yanayin sanyi. Fara yaki da cutar kai tsaye:
- yanke duk ganye da aka shafa kuna ƙone su;
- amfani da kwayoyi Topaz, Fundazole ko Cineb;
- idan ya cancanta, sake magani bayan sati daya ko biyu.
Powdery mildew yana shafar ruwan warin ganye
- Na fure da apical bacteriosis. Cutar ta fara ne da fure furen fitsari da kuma kwayayen da ke lalacewa. Rot ya wuce zuwa mai tushe, sannan ga 'ya'yan itacen. Kashi na biyu na zucchini yana dakatar da girma, amma ƙananan ɓangaren yana ci gaba da haɓaka. A sakamakon haka, tayin ya zama maras kyau, tare da tsinke kuma ya juya. Don magance cutar, ya kamata a yanke cututtukan da ya shafa da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kuma an kula da daji tare da ruwa na Bordeaux 1%.
Apex bacteriosis - dalilin raguwar yawan kayan masarufi
- Tushen rot. Yana shafar shuka a matakai daban-daban na ci gaba. Mafi sau da yawa, ciwo yana tasowa a cikin greenhouse. Naman gwari yana shafar tushen wuya, ciyawar da kuma tushen zucchini. Rawanin rawaya na ja ya bayyana a kansu. Shuka tayi saurin faduwa kuma ta mutu. Tushen Tushen yana tare da canje-canje akai-akai a cikin yawan zafin jiki da kuma yawan zafi. Ya kamata a cire ciyawar da ke da cuta nan da nan daga cikin lambun kuma a lalata. Yaƙi da lalata lalata dole ne a fara lokacin sarrafa tsaba. Don dalilan rigakafin, an shuka kayan iri har tsawon awanni 6 cikin maganin 1% na Planriz. Ana iya amfani da maganin guda don shayar da shuki tare da ganyayyaki 3 zuwa 4 na gaskiya.
Tushen rot yakan haifar da mutuwar duka shuka
Don hana cututtukan kamar yadda ba zai yiwu ba, gadaje da zucchini dole ne su ɗauki matakan kariya:
- bi da ƙasa daidai kafin shuka;
- tattara tarkacen tsire;
- bi tsarin dasawa - gadaje masu kauri suna da yawanci cututtukan sun shafa;
- lura da tsarin shayarwa, musamman tare da bambance bambancen zazzabi;
- Kada ku mamaye zucchini tare da takin nitrogen.
Baya ga cututtuka, kwari suna iya cutar da shuka. Mafi haɗarin sune caterpillars na diba, wanda ke shiga cikin tushe kuma ciyar a can, sakamakon wanda shuka ya mutu. Masifa zasu iya kawo masarautan aphid da tashi mai tashi. Don sarrafa kwari, Ina amfani da Fufanon. A matsayin prophylaxis, ana bi da bushes tare da jiko na horseradish. Don yin wannan, niƙa ganyayyaki ko tushen tsiron a cikin niƙa na nama, cika tanki ta 1/3, kuma ƙara ƙara girman da ruwa. Nace awa da tace. Yayyafa da yamma, don haka kamar yadda ba ƙona ganye.
Catungiyar matawar ɗai tana da haɗari saboda hakan tana cutar da shuka daga ciki
Sanin siffofin girma zucchini, har ma da wani lambu mai novice na iya samun girbi mai kyau. Kuma an ba da kyakkyawar fruiting na zucchini na Italiyanci, zaku iya more sabo kayan lambu duk lokacin bazara. Kuma a cikin hunturu don shirya kyawawan sunsets. Wasu nau'ikan, tare da yanayin ajiya na dacewa, na iya sake mamayar da wadatar bitamin na jiki a lokacin hunturu.
