Godiya ga aikin gajiya na masu shayarwa na gida, narkar da kayan ciyayi mai zafi a cikin fili yanzu mazauna yankuna zasu iya aiwatar dasu. Bambancin Vera yana girma yana bada 'ya'ya sosai a cikin Urals, Siberiya har ma a cikin Gabas nesa. Amma don samun ingantaccen girbi kana buƙatar sanin wasu dabaru waɗanda za mu yi farin cikin raba tare da kai.
Tarihi da kwatankwacin kwai na Vera
Eggplant kayan lambu ne na duniya. Ana iya soyayyen, stewed, pickled, gasa. Kuma shahararren "raw" caviar eggplant? Tabbas kowace uwargida tana da asirin ta na dafa wannan abincin mai ban mamaki. Ruwan kwai na Vera ya dace da kowane irin dafa abinci. An kirkiro wannan nau'in don namo a cikin filin a cikin filayen lambun da dabarun gida. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar Vvu eggplant don ƙananan gonaki.
Eggplant Vera shine iri-iri na cikin gida wanda aka haɗa a cikin Rijistar Jiha a cikin 2001. Ko da yake eggplant tsire-tsire ne mai ƙauna mai zafi, yankuna masu haƙuri na nau'ikan Vera ba su kasance a cikin wuraren dumi ba. Ana la'akari da Vera mai sanyi iri-iri da aka ba da shawara don namo a cikin Ural, Yammacin Siberian da Far Eastern.
Vera eggplant - kyakkyawar zaɓi don ƙananan shirye-shiryen sirri
Bayyanar
Za a iya kira bushes fure eggplant bushes - high - 73 - 75 cm, amma m lokaci guda. Kuma wannan ba iyaka bane, wani lokacin tsawo na shuka zai iya wuce mita 1. Girman daji na matsakaici. Ganyayyaki masu matsakaici, tare da gefuna da aka shirya, launuka masu launin shuɗi-kore. Kofin furanni an rufe shi da ƙyalli mai wuya. Thewararren ƙwayar Vera na yau da kullun shine 125 - 181 g, ƙasa fruitsan itace mafi girma girma, suna yin nauyi 300. Siffar fruita isan itace mai siffar pear. Fatar fata mai launin shuɗi, mai sheƙi. Pulunbin danshi yana da fa'ida, mai yawa, ba tare da voids ba, ba tare da haushi ba. Ku ɗanɗani yana da kyau kwarai.
Verar lemun tsami - bidiyo
Halayen sa
- Eggplant Vera nasa ne farkon ripening iri - daga bayyanar cikakken germination zuwa lokacin balaga, daga kwanaki 100 zuwa 118 wuce. Ripeness na fasaha yana faruwa a watan Agusta - farkon Satumba.
- Tsayayya ga yanayin sanyi yana ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin ire-ire, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka shi a cikin yanayin da ba m ba a cikin ƙasa.
- Fruiting barga ce. Amma ba zaku iya suna babban yawan amfanin ƙasa ba - 0.9 - 1.2 kilogiram a kowace m². Matsakaicin adadi shine 2.9 kg.
- Kasuwancin ingancin 'ya'yan itatuwa sun yi yawa. Abubuwan da ake fitarwa na samfuran kasuwa masu kyau ne - 90 - 100%.
Fasali Fasali
An bambanta Vera daga wasu nau'ikan da yawa ta hanyar kyawawan juriyarsu na sanyi da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Amma yawan aiki yana da alamomi masu ƙarancin ƙarfi, waɗanda ba sa ba da damar amfani da iri-iri a kan sikelin masana'antu, misali, Diamond, kawo har zuwa kilogiram 7 kg.
Eggplant Vera yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Abvantbuwan amfãni da nakasa - tebur
| Abvantbuwan amfãni | Rashin daidaito |
| Farkon girbi | Rashin amfanin ƙasa yana baka damar haɓaka sa kawai a cikin lambuna masu zaman kansu ko ƙarami gonaki |
| Tsayayyen fruiting | |
| Madalla da ingancin kasuwanci na 'ya'yan itatuwa da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa na kayayyakin kasuwa | |
| Cold juriya |
Fasali
Vera eggplants za a iya girma a cikin hanyoyi biyu - iri da seedlings. Kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, ana shuka tsaba kawai a yankuna tare da yanayin dumin yanayi. A lokacin girma, eggplant yana da lokaci don haɓaka da kuma kawo amfanin gona. A cikin yankuna masu sanyi inda lokacin bazara ke gajere kuma mai sanyi, kana buƙatar shuka iri-iri kawai a cikin seedlings.
Sown tsaba don shuka a watan Fabrairu ko Maris. Dukkanta ya dogara ne da yanayin yankin. Kafin disembarkation kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, kimanin watanni 2 ya kamata su wuce. Direct shuka na Vera eggplant tsaba a bude ƙasa ne da za'ayi a tsakiyar Afrilu ko farkon Mayu. Ana yin shuka ne lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi har zuwa 13 ° C.
A cikin yankuna masu tsauraran yanayi ba tare da tsayawa ba, ya fi kyau shuka iri-iri a kan gado mai ɗumi. Soilasan da ke cikin ta tana ɗora da sauri sosai, kuma tsari a kan akwatin yana da sauƙi a ja. Irin wannan tsari ana iya yin sawu da hannuwanku.
Gadaje masu ɗumi tare da hannayen mata - bidiyo
Kulawa
Abu ne mai sauqi ka shuka kwai Vera, ba shi da wahalar girma, alal misali, tumatir. Amma al'ada tana da wasu fasaloli, sanin wanda zaku sami babban girbi.
Watse
Vera eggplant tsire-tsire ne na huhu; ƙasa akan gado yakamata ta kasance cikin yanayi mai laushi. Budewa da yawaita ba ya halatta. Zai haifar da zubar da furanni da ovaries, amma 'ya'yan itãcen marmari ba za su girma zuwa girman da ya dace kuma naman zai zama katako. Waterlogging na iya juya cikin cututtukan tushen tsarin.
Dole ne a yi ruwan kafin a rana tare da ruwa. Daga eggplants sanyi suna fara yin rauni kuma su daina girma.
- Kafin fure, ana shayar da tsire-tsire eggplant sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 6 zuwa 8 a cikin farashin lita 12 a kowace 1 m². A cikin yanayi mai zafi, mitar ta ninka.
- Lokacin da furanni ya fara, sannan lokacin farawa yana farawa - Vera iri-iri yana buƙatar shayar da shi sau 2 a mako, tare da adadin ruwa na sama.
Ka tuna cewa yanayin yanayi sau da yawa yana shafar tsarin aikinka. Idan a cikin yanayin zafi yanayin zafi zai iya ƙaruwa, to a gaban hazo da sanyaya zai ragu.
Don dasa shuki cikin nasara cikin nasara, ana shayar dashi sau da yawa - kowane kwanaki 3.
Domin samar da ruwa ta hanyar tattalin arziki, yana da amfani ga al'adar ƙauna ruwa ta hanyar magudanar ruwa
Manyan miya
Eggplant Vera yana shan abubuwan gina jiki da yawa daga ƙasa, musamman yayin 'ya'yan itace. Al'adar ta fi dacewa da kwayoyin, amma shuka ba ta iya yi ba tare da takin ma'adinai ba.
- Lokaci na farko da aka sanya suturar cikin 15 - 20 kwanaki bayan dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin seedlings, ana hadi su bayan bayan ƙarshe. A 1 m² na kasar gona yi:
- nitonium nitrate 10 g;
- takin mai magani daga potash - 3-5 g.
- Madadin waɗannan takin, za ku iya amfani da Ammofosku, Nitrofosku ko Kristallin - 25 g a 1 m².
- Duk sati 3, ana maimaita miya. Amma adadin taki ya riga ya karu da 1.5, kuma a cikin ƙasa mara kyau sau 2.
Aikace-aikacen takin gargajiya - Tebur
| Lokacin Aikace-aikacen | Abin da za a ciyar | Yadda ake yin taki | Kudin aikace-aikacen |
| Lokacin ginawa kore | Dung ciyawa tincture | Shredded ganyen Dandelion, plantain da yankakken nettle an sanya shi a cikin ganga na lita 100. Zuwa kilogiram 6 na kayan masarufi ƙara guga na mullein da 10 tbsp. l toka. Cika da ruwa Mix kuma tsaya har sati guda. | 1 lita na bayani da 1 daji. |
| Tsawan lokaci | Maganin Bird zuriyar dabbobi | Don lita 100 na ruwa 1 guga na tsuntsayen filawa a cikin kayan kwalliya yanayin, 2 kofuna Nitrofoski. Nace 5 days. Kafin Mix da kyau ta amfani da. | Kudin aikace-aikacen shine lita 12 a 1 m². |
Idan ƙasa tana da wadataccen abinci, to, kuna buƙatar kada ku yawaita shi tare da haɗuwa da takin, in ba haka ba shuka zai fara "kitse" - wato, gina taro mai girma zuwa lalata amfanin itinga fruan itace.
Vera eggplant yana da matukar son kayan miya na halitta, wanda yake mai sauƙin shirya kansa
Halita
Idan tsayi daga cikin kwai na Vera bai wuce 70 cm ba, kuma shuka ita tana da tushe mai ƙarfi, to za ku iya yi ba tare da tallafi ba. An bambanta iri-iri ta karamin daji, sabili da haka, don samar da ƙarin 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, an kafa shuka zuwa 3 zuwa 5 mai tushe, amma a lokaci guda, ba za a bar ƙwayar 10 ba. Yawancin lokaci takaddun ba babbar matsala ba ne na iri-iri, amma idan sun bayyana, cire su ba tare da nadama ba, har da ganyayyaki da ke girma a ƙasa da reshen farko.
Don motsa halittar ƙwayoyin kwayoyi, yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Bud ko Ovary. Don jawo ƙudan zuma don pollination, an fitar da eggplant tare da sukari mai rauni ko maganin zuma.
Yadda ake tsara eggplant - bidiyo
Cutar da kwari
A lokacin girma, saboda kulawa mara kyau, eggplant Vera na iya fama da cututtuka daban-daban. Mafi sau da yawa, kawar da kurakurai (normalization na ban ruwa, ciyarwa, kawar da thickening) yana gyara yanayin kuma ya dawo da haɓakar tsiro na yau da kullun. Amma wani lokaci dole ne ku nemi hanyoyin mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi. Baya ga cututtuka, kwari suna iya cutar kwai. Mafi insidious daga gare su ne Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.
Kafa baki
Mafi sau da yawa, wannan cutar mai haɗari tana bayyana kanta a mataki na haɓakar seedlings. Amma tsire-tsire da aka watsa cikin ƙasa ba su da kariya daga wannan haɗarin. Kara daga gindi ya fara yin duhu, bakin ciki ya rufe shi da wani laushi mai kauri. Itace a hankali ta fadada. Idan cutar ta shiga cikin tushen, daji zai mutu. Halin da ya fi dacewa don ci gaba da cutar yana ƙaruwa da zafi, ƙasa mai acidic, canjin zafin jiki.
Don hana kamuwa da cuta na fungal, an lalata ƙwayoyin cikin shiri don shuka. Hakanan kuna buƙatar tuna cewa:
- kafin dasa shuki eggplant, acid ƙasa ana leached;
- takaddun da ke dauke da sinadarin nitrogen na iya haifar da matsala, don haka kar a dauke su tare da su;
- juyar da amfanin gona yayi matukar rage hadarin kamuwa da wannan cutar.
Idan ba a iya kiyaye ƙafafun baƙar fata ba, da gaggawa buƙatar cire tsire-tsire waɗanda abin ya shafa tare da tushen dunƙulen ya hallaka. Ana kulawa da ramin tare da maganin 1% na sulfate na jan karfe, ko ɗayan samfuran halitta - Alirin, Glyocladin, Gamair ko Trichocin. Aiwatar bisa ga umarnin.
Blackaƙwalwar baƙar fata zata iya buga kwai a cikin seedlings
Late blight
Wannan shine mafi yawan cutar baccin dare. Na farko, an shafa ganyen. Abubuwan launin ruwan kasa masu launin shuɗi-ja sun bayyana a kansu, bakin mayafi mai haske kore. Gaba kuma, cutar ta kama mai tushe da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Dangane da yanayin yanayi, hasken rana yana bayyana ta hanyoyi daban-daban. A cikin yanayin bushewa, ganye ya shafa ya bushe ya bushe da sauri. A cikin raw - an rufe su a kan farin kwalliyar tare da farin rufewa. A kan shinge tare da 'ya'yan itãcen marmari mai launin ruwan kasa-launin shuɗi bayyana. Mauke da safiya, saurin zafi, matsanancin ciyayi da zafin jiki ya fi yawan dalilai don ci gaban cutar.
Don yin yaƙi da ƙarshen lokacin bazara, ana amfani da magungunan masu zuwa:
- Quadris;
- Consento;
- Anthracol;
- maganin 1% ruwa Bordeaux;
- 0.2% maganin maganin jan karfe.
Don hana buƙatar bin ka'idodin aikin gona. Sauran hanyoyin kuma suna isa a ceto.
- bayan an girbe, duk sharan gona ya kamata a tattara daga gonar. Idan an lura da faɗakarwar Blight akan tumatir ko dankali, bi da eggplants tare da jiko na tafarnuwa - sara 200 g na samfurin, zuba 3 lita na ruwa da nace don kwanaki da yawa. Kafin amfani, ɗaure tincture kuma tsarma tare da ruwa mai tsabta 1: 1;
- zaku iya fesa bushes tare da madara mai diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 1.
Haske yana shafar ganyen kwai
Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro
Wannan kwaro ya saba da yawancin lambu. Mafi haɗari sune larvae na dankalin turawa irin ƙwaro. Su ne suka iya ƙyalli a cikin farwar ido don su lalace da fure, furanni da kuma ovary, suna barin kara kawai daga cikin ƙwayayen. Tabbas, zaku iya mantawa game da amfanin gona.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance ƙwayar ƙwayar dankalin turawa. Sau da yawa ana tattara ƙwaro da hannu, amma, a matsayin mai mulkin, waɗannan ayyuka ba su kawo sakamakon da ake so ba. Zai fi kyau juya ga hanyoyin jama'a ko siyan magunguna a cikin shagunan musamman. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu tsirrai wadanda kamshinsu bashi da dadi ga kwaro.
Magungunan magungunan gargajiya
Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da tasiri yayin da ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado ta fara bayyana kuma yawanta yayi ƙanana.
- A cikin 10 l na ruwa ƙara gilashin yankakken tafarnuwa, tsayawa na kwanaki 4, tace kuma narke ɗan sabulu mai wanki a cikin jiko.
- A decoction na horsetail da Dandelion. Shredded shuke-shuke (1 gilashin kowace) zuba 10 lita, daga ruwan zãfi, kuma nace 2 days.
- 50 g da barkono mai zafi suna zuba 5 l na ruwan zãfi. Tafasa don 2 hours a kan zafi kadan. Cool, tace kuma ƙara 50 g na sabulu wanki.
- 1/arfin 1/2 yana cike da ganye. Zuba a saman ruwa tare da nace 4 days. Tace.
- Kowane daji na daji ana yayyafa shi da itacen ash.
Za'a iya amfani da madadin hanyoyi akan ƙwayar ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado, amma suna da tasiri don ɗan ƙaramin kwari.
Chemical
Ana amfani da kemikal lokacin da kwaro ya ninka. Ana amfani da waɗannan magunguna masu zuwa mafi inganci.
- Decis;
- Karbofos;
- Fitoverm;
- Arrow;
- Keltan.
Amma ya kamata a tuna cewa dankalin turawa na dankalin turawa a saukake sunadarai. Kowace shekara kuna buƙatar amfani da sabbin kayan aikin, don haka ya kamata ku bi labarai.
Lokacin da irin ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado ya fara asali, kawai sunadarai za su adana
Tsarin tsire-tsire masu kamshi
Gwanin dankalin turawa na Colorado ba ya son tsire-tsire masu ƙanshi sosai - marigolds, marigold, wormwood, seleri. Su ne za a iya dasa tsakanin eggplant bushes ko dage farawa daga tsakanin layuka.
Marigolds ba wai kawai zai yi wa lambun ado ba ne kawai, har ma ya tsoratar da irin dankalin turawa da dankalin turawa
Vera eggplant sake dubawa
Na dasa bishiyar Vera a cikin lambun a ƙarƙashin arpes tare da lutrasil. Yana farfado da wuri. Kimanin 70-80 cm tsayi .. Babu 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa a daji, amma babba. Akwai sauran hatsi. Zan dasa bana.
Natalya
//rudachnik.ru/baklazhan-vera-otzyvy
Na yi girma a OG Veru da Bagheera. Bagheera ta sayi wannan shekara, Ina son ta.
Fatan AA
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=14793&st=20
ya rubuta game da wannan ire-iren, tsiro na ba da kyau sosai, amma akwai tsaba da yawa a cikin kunshin, wani daji ya zo ya sake rarrabawa. Duk a bayyane a cikin hoto - Vera. Dandano na yau da kullun, bai ciji ba, babu wasu yawancin tsaba ma.
innaya
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/296935/page-16
Vera eggplants ne unpretentious. Saboda haka, shuka kayan lambu mai lafiya a cikin lambu ba mai wahala bane. Amma yaya yake da kyau a lura da 'ya'yan itaciyar. A halin da ake ciki, ƙwayayen Vera na tsiro a cikin lambun, matan gida suna da lokaci don bincika girke-girke na yau da kullun game da shirye-shiryenta.
