Eggplant yana nufin kayan lambu, don namo wanda ba kowane lambu yake ɗauka ba. Yana da zafi sosai kuma yana da dogon girma girma. A cikin ƙasa buɗe, ba a dasa shi ko'ina ba: a tsakiyar layi, shuka shuka eggplant bazai kawo nasarar da ake tsammanin ba. Koyaya, fasaharsa ta noma ba ta buƙatar wani abu na musamman: yana ɗaukar lokaci, zafi, danshi da ƙasa mai daɗi.
Zabi wani wuri don shuka, shirya ƙasa da gadaje
Eggplant yana da matukar wuya a kan yanayin, ba zai yi girma ba inda ya cancanta. Tun da "ƙaramin shuɗi" suna da zafi sosai, an zaɓi wurin gado wanda yake da rana sosai, yana kiyaye shi daga iska mai sanyi. Sabili da haka, kusanci ya kamata bangon gidan, shinge mara kyau ko jere na bushes. Ba a yarda da dasa tsirowar itace a cikin ƙananan wuraren da ruwan sama ke tarawa ba, ko kuma inda ruwan karkashin ruwa ya shude: amfanin gona yana da matukar buƙatar danshi, amma ba zai iya yin haƙuri ba.
Mafi kyawun ƙasa suna da sauƙi, amma ruwan yashi mai nauyi-ruwa tare da tsaka tsaki na yanayin. Ko da ƙaramin yashi an haɗa shi da ƙasa na loamy, kuma yumbu ba su dace da eggplant ba: irin waɗannan ƙasa suna buƙatar gyara fiye da shekara guda. Gidan gado na iya zama kowane girman dacewa, amma sun fara shirya shi a cikin kaka, a hankali suna haƙa yankin tare da ƙari da manyan allurai na takin gargajiya da kuma a lokaci guda cire ciyawar tumbin. Kome sai dai taki mai kyau.
Lokacin yin digging na 1 m2 yi guga na sawdust da taki iri, har zuwa buhun biyu na peat. Idan babu peat, adadin humus (ko takin mai kyau) yakamata a ninka ninki biyu. Baya ga kwayoyin, ƙara kwalban lita na itacen ash da ƙaramin adadin takin ma'adinai (alal misali, 2-3 tablespoons na nitrophosphate). Koyaya, idan akwai isasshen peat da humus mai inganci, za'a iya rarraba takin ƙasa da.
Tunda abar ganye suna matukar son zafi, a gare su, musamman a cikin yankuna ma ba na kudu ba, sukan shirya gadaje masu dumin dumama. A saboda wannan dalili, tono rami har zuwa zurfin cm 20. Sanya itacen katako, rassan bishiyoyi, ganyayyaki da suka shuɗe, tsinkaye, datti daban-daban na gida, sharar abinci, da sauransu Abinda ya haifar yana shayar da shi da karimcin taki ko rarar tsuntsaye, sannan kuma yayyafin ƙasa mai kyau. saboda ka sami gado har zuwa 30 cm tsayi.
Dankali mai zafi yana ba da damar tushen kwai ya kasance koyaushe a cikin yanayi mai daɗi
A tarnaƙi daga gadaje, idan ya cancanta, an kulle su da kowane kayan lebur, alal misali, tsoffin katako. A cikin hunturu, an sake sake buɗewa zuwa sama sama kadan kuma jiran lokacin bazara. A cikin bazara, jim kaɗan kafin a dasa shuki, aka sake kwanciya gado, kuma ranar da aka fara dasa shi an zubar da shi da ruwa mai ɗumi. A bu mai kyau a kara dintsi na mullein ko kadan tsuntsu ruwa a guga na ruwa.
Ana shirya kayan dasawa
Eggplant yana da dogon girma girma kakar. Saboda haka, girma seedlings a kusan babu yanayin yankin mai yiwuwa, kuma za a fara shirya seedlings daga ƙarshen hunturu. Shuka tsaba a gonar mai yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin kudu sosai na ƙasarmu, kuma har ma can ba za su iya yin ba tare da shuka don samun amfanin gona na farko ba. Ya zuwa lokacin dasa shuki akan gado, gonar yakamata ya kasance cikin tukwane sama da watanni biyu, don haka cinyen kwai a gida shine ɗayan farkon da za'a shuka.
Yadda za a gwada tsaba don germination
Daga cikin nau'ikan eggplant da suke akwai, kuna buƙatar zaɓar zoned. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa a cikin yankin tsakiyar a cikin ƙasa bude, kawai da wuri ko ma super-farkon iri za a iya girma. Zai dace a duba abin da ake ba da shawarar iri-iri don: don gandunan tsire-tsire ko ƙasa buɗe. Idan tsaba ba sabo bane, har yanzu a cikin hunturu bai kamata ku bata lokaci ku duba su germination ba, idan har wannan ƙwayar zata iya ɗaukar makwanni biyu.
Sabili da haka, a cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar samun seedsan tsaba daga jaka (ba abin tausayi ba ne, amma ba ƙasa da guda 6 ba) da jiƙa don rana ɗaya a cikin ruwa, sannan ku shimfiɗa a kan rigar da keɓaɓɓen wuri a cikin wurin dumama (kamar 30 ° C). Da safe da maraice wajibi ne don gudanar da aikin duba kuma, idan ya cancanta, ya sanya rigar. Idan a cikin kwanaki 7-10 a cikin irin wannan zafin akalla rabin tsaba sun ciji, ba za ku iya siyan sababbi ba.
Samu kashi 100% ba zai yi nasara ba; idan rabin ya zira, ba za a iya dakatar da gwajin ba
Yawan kwai sun girma
'Ya'yan itacen' '' 'Eggplant' '' sannu-sannu-sannu '' ', kuyi a hankali Zai yi wuya har ma a faɗi daidai lokacin da suke buƙatar wannan: lokacin shuka tare da bushewar tsaba, farkon tsiro na iya bayyana a cikin kwana bakwai, sannan kuma ana tsammanin kullun sababbin madaukai zasu bayyana. Wannan tsari na iya wucewa zuwa makonni uku, wanda, ba shakka, ba a yarda da shi ba. Sabili da haka, dole ne a shirya tsaba eggplant don shuka. Baya ga bincika tsaba don shuka, wannan tsari ya haɗa da:
- Soyayyarsu a cikin maganin sinadarin potassium.
- Seedsarfafa tsaba a cikin firiji.
- Girma mai karfafawa jiyya.
Shin zai yiwu a shuka sabo tsaba daga alkyabba nan da nan, bushe? Tabbas zaka iya. A cikin yanayi da aka kirkira da kyau, tabbas za su tashi. Kawai yi shi za a shimfiɗa, wanda yake shi ne mai wahala ga mai lambu: bayan duk, dole ne a sanya harbe cikin gaggawa a cikin wuri mai sanyi, kuma don bayyanar da gaba kuna buƙatar zafi. Matsalar ...
Soaking da iri magani
Alamar, iri mai tsada ba za a iya lalata ta ba, manyan kungiyoyin kwadagon suna ƙoƙarin sayar da waɗanda suke da lafiya. Amma zai zama mafi aminci don bi da su na mintina 30 tare da mafita mai duhu na potassiumgangan, bayan wannan yana da kyau a wanke tare da tsaftataccen ruwa. A wannan yanayin, wani ɓangare na tsaba, mafi rauni, zai tashi. Kada kuyi tunanin cewa gaba daya basu da wani amfani, suna da rauni ne kawai fiye da wasu. Sabili da haka, idan akwai tsaba da yawa, za'a iya jefa mai-fito. Idan kana buƙatar ajiyewa, yana da daraja dasa shuki a cikin daban: haske da nauyi zasu ci gaba a matakai daban-daban.
Tunda a yanayinmu an shirya yin tsirowar kwai a buɗe a ƙasa, ya zama dole a taurara su. Don yin wannan, an fara shuka tsaba (ko da yake, ba shakka, sun riga sun jika tare da mu!). Amma kuna buƙatar riƙe su don ƙarin sa'o'i da yawa a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi (digiri talatin) har sai sun yi kumburi, sannan ku sanya su a cikin rigar raga kuma sanya su a cikin zafin rana da firiji don kwanaki 4-6 tare da mita na 10-12 hours.
Yadda za a hanzarta iri germination
Ko da soaked da taurare tsaba eggplant tsiro na dogon lokaci da kuma miƙa, don haka har yanzu za a iya taimaka. Kwai yakan kasance ɗayan waɗannan misalai na kayan lambu, namo wanda bai kamata a yi sakaci dashi ba kafin shuka iri iri tare da haɓaka haɓaka. Bi da stimulants bukatar kumbura, amma ba tukuna hatching tsaba.
Don wannan, zaka iya amfani da, misali, Epin-ƙari ko Zircon tsananin bisa ga umarnin kan lakabin. Suna ba da gudummawa don haɓaka germination, kazalika da ci gaba na shuka. Kuna iya adana tsaba a cikin waɗannan shirye-shiryen na dogon lokaci, har zuwa rana, amma daidaitaccen lokacin shine 8-10 hours. Akwai magunguna da yawa masu kama da haka, alal misali, succinic acid mai rahusa (0.2 g / l), amma a gida, alal misali, ruwan 'ya'yan itace agave wanda aka gauraya shi da ruwa sau 5-10 yana aiki iri daya.
Haɓaka haɓakawa ba wai kawai ya hanzarta shuka ba, har ma yana ƙaruwa da juriya
Bayan wadannan kwayoyi, jiko na itace ash na taimaka wa hanzari iri germination. 4-5 tablespoons nace a rana a cikin lita 1 na ruwa, to, ana kiyaye tsaba a ciki har tsawon awanni 6-8. Ko da soaking da tsaba kawai a cikin dusar ƙanƙara gudu gudu sama hawan dan kadan. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan tasirin yana haɓaka fitowar shuka ta kwanaki 2-3, amma, mafi mahimmanci, rage tsawon germination na ƙwayar kwai.
Shuka shuka
Bayan duk hanyoyin da aka bayyana, wani ɓangare na tsaba tabbas zai ciji, kuma ci gaba da haɓakarsu ba lallai ba ne. Tsaba da aka shirya ta wannan hanyar suna shirye don shuka. Amma wasu lambu suna ƙoƙarin jira kusan dukkanin tsaba don ƙyanƙyashe, kuma dasa su a riga da wutsiyoyi. Babu wata ma'ana a cikin wannan, shuka kawai zai zama da wahala: dole ne muyi ƙoƙarin kada mu karya waɗannan wutsiyoyi.
Amma masu ƙaunar tinkering har yanzu suna toho. Hanya mafi sauƙi don yin wannan ita ce sake sanya tsaba a shirye a sake a cikin rigar rag, ƙirƙirar yanayi na greenhouse (alal misali, kunsa su a cikin jakar filastik, kuma idan haka ne, sanya su a cikin tukunyar Petri) kuma saka su a cikin wuri mai ɗumi tare da zazzabi na kusan 28 game daC. Ana aiwatar da binciken sau biyu a rana: wutsiyoyi suna buƙatar haɓaka sama da mm 6-8, kada a ba su.
Shuka tsaba don shuka
Dole ne a shuka tsire-tsire na Eggplant a gida: zaɓi na greenhouse ya dace kawai a kudancin ƙasar. Kodayake, a gaban mai hatsi mai zafi, ana iya yin wannan a ko'ina.
Yaushe shuka shuka kwai na shuka
A Kudancin ƙasarmu, ana riga an fara shuka ciyayi a farkon Fabrairu, ko ma a baya, har ma a tsakiyar layi, ana yin wannan a cikin hunturu. Tsarin ggaplantan hatan itace suna kyankyashewa a hankali, kuma seedlings suna girma a hankali, don haka a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu wajibi ne don shirya kwantena, cakuda ƙasa da tsaba don shuka don shuka su a ƙarshen Maris. Idan baku da lokacin da za ku gama shuka kafin tsakiyar Maris, ba za ku iya farawa ba, zai zama abin dogaro don siyan seedlingsanyan shuka a kasuwa a ƙarshen bazara.
Shuka dabaru
Zai fi kyau nan da nan shuka da tsaba a cikin peat tukwane na matsakaici ko ma babban size, amma mafi sau da yawa ana shuka tsaba da farko a cikin karamin karamin na kowa, sannan kuma dasa a cikin tukwane. Don haɓaka ƙaramin adadin bushes, yana da sauƙin saya ƙasa a cikin shago. Idan an shirya cakuda ƙasa da kansa, ɗayan mafi kyawun girke-girke shine peat tare da ƙasa mai kyau (1: 1) da ƙari na 10% yashi mai tsabta. An ɗora hannu na ash na itace da gram ashirin na urea a guga irin wannan cakuda.
Wajibi ne don gurɓatar da ƙasa: yayyafa shi da dumin haske mai sauƙi na ƙwayar potassium. Dole ne a kammala wannan aikin kimanin kwanaki 5-7 kafin a shuka iri. Shuka tsaba mai sauki ne. Suna da girma sosai, ana iya ɗaukar su tare da hanzari ɗayan a lokaci guda kuma an shimfiɗa su a cikin akwati tare da ƙasa. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce yada iri bisa tsarin 5 x 5 cm, sannan kuma cika shi da karamin Layer na cakuda ƙasa. Nan da nan bayan an shuka, ya kamata a zubar da kayan gona a hankali tare da tsaftataccen ruwa kuma an rufe shi da fim.
Za'a iya zaɓar kowane akwati mai dacewa azaman akwatin.
Har zuwa farkon harbe ya bayyana, kuna buƙatar kula da zazzabi na 25-28 ° C, wannan sati ne ko rabi. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a saka akwatin a kan sill mai sanyi, sillin taga mai kyau. A cikin kwanaki 5-6, kada ku bar zafin jiki ya tashi sama da 16-18 game daC, in ba haka ba, maimakon bunkasa tushen, 'ya'yan itacen za su yi sauri su shimfiɗa, kuma tsire-tsire za su zama marasa dacewa. Sannan zazzabi ya kamata a hankali a hankali zuwa 23-25 ° C, a dare - a ɗan ƙaramin ƙasa. Irin wannan zafin da haske mai haske za a buƙaci ta seedlings har zuwa dasa a cikin gonar.
Kulawar seedling
Kulawar Seedling ya hada da lura da yanayin zafin jiki da yanayin haske, matsakaici matsakaiciyar matsakaici, ma'aurata biyu kuma, idan an yi shuka a cikin kwali, dau lokaci. Yana da Dole a ruwa kawai da ruwa mai ɗumi, ba tare da wuce haddi ba: a cikin ƙasa mara shuka seedlings da sauri yayi rashin lafiya tare da ƙafa na baki. Ba a yarda bushewa ta ƙasa ba, saboda wannan yana haifar da lalacewa ta farko daga tushe da raguwa mai yawa a cikin adadin amfanin gona a nan gaba.
A karo na farko ana ciyar da seedlings sati daya da rabi bayan bayyanar harbe-harbe na farko, na biyu - makonni biyu bayan zabin. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce amfani da kayan miya da aka shirya don shuki, zaku iya amfani da kowane takin ma'adinai cikakke bisa ga umarnin da aka masa.
Idan aka shuka tsaba a cikin akwatin gama gari, da sannu za a buƙaci pepa a cikin tukwane dabam na tukwane iri ɗaya tare da abun iri ɗaya. Eggplant seedlings girma unevenly, kuma daukana dole ne a yi za selecti, kamar yadda seedlings saya biyu na gaskiya ganye. Mafi rauni shine mafi kyau a jefa nan da nan. Kuma a shirye don nutse har bayan kyakkyawan ruwa, ya kamata a yi kokarin tono daga cikin akwatin tare da dunƙule na duniya, ba tare da keta tushen ba.
Daga cikin tukwane na peat na tsiran eggan itace, ya fi dacewa zaɓi mafi girma
Matsilar Tushen lokacin nutsewa ba a so. Zasu iya zama a taƙaice idan rassan suna da girma sosai har basu dace da tukunyar peat ba. 'Ya'yan tsire-tsire masu jujjuyawa suna shayarwa sosai kuma an tsabtace su na kwanaki da yawa a faɗuwar rana, bayan wannan ana mayar dasu zuwa yanayin al'ada.
Hardening seedlings kafin dasa
Kwana 10-15 kafin dasa shuki eggplant a buɗe ƙasa, sai su fara taurara shi, a hankali suna ɗanɗani yanayin yanayi. Don yin wannan, da farko rage ƙarfin ban ruwa, sannan kaɗan kaɗan dauki fitar da seedlings a baranda. Gaskiya ne, farkon lokacin da yakamata kayi wannan a yanayin zafi sama da 16 game daC da haƙuri fiye da awa 1-2. A hankali kara lokaci.
Haka ma yake da muhimmanci a koyar da seedlings zuwa zafin rana, wanda kuma yakamata a yi a hankali. Na farko, "sunbathing" an shirya shi na minti 15-20, sannan ƙari.
Dasa bishiyoyin eggan itace a buɗe a ƙasa
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin lambu, yakamata ya sami aƙalla 5-8 manyan ganye masu haske, ɗan yumɓu mai kauri da tsawo na 22-25 cm.
Lokacin da don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Takamaiman lokacin dasa shuki eggplant an ƙaddara shi ba kawai ta yanayin yankin ba, har ma da yanayin yanayin yanzu. Ingancin zafin jiki a wannan lokacin ya zama akalla 20 game daC. A mafi yawan wuraren ba gaskiya bane a jira, kuma dole ne a dasa fure a ƙarƙashin gandun daji na ɗan lokaci. Amma a kowane hali, kasar gona a zurfin 10-12 cm ya kamata a dumama har zuwa ƙarancin 15 game daC.
Matsakaicin lokacin dasa shuki don tsirowar eggplant a yankuna daban-daban:
- a kudu na Rasha - 25 Afrilu - 5 Mayu;
- a tsakiyar layi da kuma a Belarus - 25 ga Mayu - Yuni 5;
- a yankin Ural, a Arewa maso Yamma da Siberiya - 10 ga Yuni - 15.
Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace da maraice, lokacin da rana ba ta yin burodi ba, har ma ta fi kyau idan an annabta yanayi mai hadari a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa.
Abin da takin mai magani ya sa a cikin rami lokacin dasa
Idan gado yana da kyau a cikin kaka, a lokacin bazara lokacin da ake kwance gadaje, za ku iya watsar da ɗan itace kaɗan a farfajiya. Amma lokacin dasa shuki, yawancin lambu ma suna yin takin ƙasa a cikin kowane rami. Bai kamata su zama da yawa ba, tunda an yi ramuka kaɗan, girman tukunya. Ya isa don ƙara dintsi na ash ko teaspoon na azofoska, sannan a hankali haɗa takin tare da ƙasa.
Kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire kamar ash, kuma eggplant ba togiya
Gardenerswararrun lambu suna saka kwasfa albasa a cikin rami, wanda aka tattara duk hunturu. Ana iya kiranta taki tare da shimfidawa, amma husk yana taimakawa sosai ga kwari iri-iri. A wannan lokacin, husk din ya bushe, sun ɗauka, nawa ne daidai a hannun, dan kadan shafa shi kuma jefa shi cikin rami saukowa.
Hanyoyi da makirci na dasa eggplant, nisa tsakanin plantings
Zabi na gargajiya na tsiro seedlings yana cikin tukwane na peat, don haka lokacin da aka dasa shi, ba a cire su daga tukunya, ana binne su cikin rami gaba ɗaya. An samar da tukwane tare da girman bango daban-daban, yana da kyawawa don amfani da matsakaiciyar matsakaici don eggplants, amma lokacin farin ciki ganuwar ana yawanci a cikin ƙasa mai-ruwa sosai, Tushen eggplant sun sami damar shiga su.
Idan ana girma seedlings a cikin tukwane na reusable tare da tushe mai ɓoyewa, kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a shayar da su sosai, amma ba a wuce awowi 5-6 kafin a cire daga tukunyar ba, don haka fitar da ƙasa daga waje zaku iya samun kurar ƙasa tare da seedlings a hannunku, maimakon murƙushe ƙasa . Ya kamata a kiyaye dukkan tushen kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Abu mafi wahala shi ne cire shukokin daga akwatin gama gari, idan ta rayu a ciki har zuwa lokacin bazara. Wannan yana buƙatar daidaito, tunda a cikin akwatin maƙwabta tsire-tsire masu maƙwabta suna da alaƙa da asalinsu. Sabili da haka, ba a ba da shawarar eggplant a girma a cikin kwantena na gama gari.
Ko ta yaya kuma a ina aka shuka seedlingsan itacen, dukkan nisan da ke tsakanin bushesun a buɗe zai zama iri ɗaya. Tsarin dasawa an tantance shi da zaɓin biyu na mai shi da kuma nau'in eggplant, sabili da haka girman daji na gaba. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka ganye a cikin gadaje na daidaitaccen nisa, don haka ana samun layuka biyu tare da nisa tsakanin su na 50-70 cm. A cikin layuka tsakanin bushes, 35-45 cm an bar, rage waɗannan dabi'u kawai don mafi girma mafi girma.
A eggplant bushes sau da yawa girma sosai karfi, don haka ya kamata dasa dasa
Baya ga irin wannan makirci, ana amfani da firam sau da kafa. A wannan yanayin, an haƙa ramuka a cikin tsarin dubawa, a nisan nisa na 60 cm duka a cikin layuka da kuma tsakanin su. Idan akwai yawancin seedlings, amma babu isasshen sarari, zaku iya haɓaka wannan zaɓi ta haɓaka nesa zuwa 70 cm kuma dasa shuki biyu bushes a cikin kowane gida, sai dai idan, ba shakka, wannan nau'in tsayi ne mai tsayi.
Zurfin ƙasa
Kowane abu mai sauƙi ne tare da zurfi. Idan tsire-tsire masu inganci ne, ba mai elongated ba, ana shuka su da ƙarancin zurfin: 2-3 cm mai zurfi fiye da yadda ta girma a gida. Yankin, kamar yadda yake game da tumatir, basa buƙatar. Idan tsire-tsire ba su da kyau sosai, zaku iya gwadawa da zurfafa, har ma da ɗan ƙaraɗa kaɗan. Amma wannan dabarar ba ta taimakawa eggplant sosai: idan zurfin dasa tumatir yana haifar da haɓaka ƙarin Tushen, da wuya su bayyana a cikin eggplant.
Fasali da dokoki don saukowa
Shuka bishiyoyin eggplant ba su da wahala fiye da barkono ko tumatir, kawai yakamata a kula da shi sosai. A cikin tumatir, har ma kuna iya karya kara: na tsawon lokaci, sabbin harbe da ganyayyaki za su yi girma, ko da yake za a yi jinkiri ga fruiting. Don ƙwayayen kwai, asarar ko da ɗayan ganyayyaki 5-6 na iya rage ƙarancin seedlings. Idan aka zaci cewa bushes za su yi tsayi, kuma dole ne a ɗaure su, yana da kyau a ɗora ƙyallen kusa da ramuka a gaba don kada a cutar da asalin asalin. Garter seedlings nan da nan bayan dasa, mafi m, ba za a buƙata.
Rijiyoyin cike da takin gargajiya na gida ana shayar dasu da ruwa mai ɗumi, gwargwadon yanayin ƙasa, ana iya buƙatar lita uku. Zai fi dacewa dasa shuki eggplant "a cikin laka", amma bayan dasa shuki da kuma cika voids da ƙasa, ya kamata a maimaita watering. A kasar gona a kusa da bushes dole ne a mulched. Ko da a kudu a maraice da yamma ya kamata a rufe gado da farko tare da kayan da ba a saka ba. Wasu lambu ba su cire su daga gadaje duk lokacin rani, ajiye su a kan goyon bayan gina musamman, kuma lokaci-lokaci kawai tãyar da matsugunansu don kunna bushes.
Matsayi na wucin gadi na iya zama na gida, amma a farkon makonni ana buƙata
Kwanakin farko na 10-15 bayan dasa shuki, eggplant kusan baya girma. A wannan lokaci, zaka iya sassauta ƙasa a cikin bushes. Kamar yadda ci gaban yake ci gaba, ya kamata a shayar da su da ruwa mai ɗaci, da guji yin ruwa na ƙasa. Bayan bushes isa tsawo na 30 cm, suka tsunkule fi, haifar da ci gaban da gefen harbe.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a cikin fili
Dasa tsirowar eggan itace ta hanyar da ba ta shuka ba
Shin zai yiwu a yi ba tare da tsiro ba lokacin da yake girma eggplant? Bayan haka, zai yi kyau a shuka iri a cikin lambu nan da nan! Alas, wannan mai yiwuwa ne kawai a kudanci, har ma a lokacin dole ne ku manta game da samo samfuran farkon. Zai yuwu a shuka tsaba a cikin ramuka ba tare da tsari ba a farkon Mayu, wanda ke nufin cewa kawai za a zaɓi iri na farko. A karkashin mafaka ta wucin gadi, shuka iri a kudu mai yiwuwa ne a farkon Afrilu, idan ƙasa ta cika zafi har zuwa 14 game daC.
Tare da wannan shuka, ana yin ƙananan ramuka a cikin gadon lambu wanda aka shirya tun daga faɗuwar, a cikin abin da aka shimfiɗa tsaba 3-4 zuwa zurfin kusan 2 cm. Bayan haka an cire ƙarin harbe-harbe, amma wani lokacin ana barin tsire biyu a cikin rami. A kowane hali, da farko amfanin gona ya kamata a rufe shi da fim, kuma lokacin da za'a iya cire shi, ya dogara da takamaiman yanayin.
Abin da za a iya ba za a iya dasa eggplant kusa da
Ba shi da wahala a sami tebur waɗanda ke nuna mafi kyau da mafi munin maƙwabta don wani lambu ko kuma al'adun lambu. Ainihin, kusancin tsire-tsire ke da ma'ana da ma'ana. Don haka, ba a ba da shawarar eggplant shuka kusa da tumatir ko dankali ba. Ba su tsoma baki tare da ci gaban juna ba, amma suna da abokan gaba gama gari - irin ƙwaro dankalin turawa. Bayan an zauna akan dankali, hakanan zai lalata kayan kwai.
Sau da yawa, ana shuka eggplant tare da barkono, kusan alternating tsakanin plantings. Tunda suna da kusan iri ɗaya yanayin girma, wannan ma'ana daidai ne. Abin sani kawai Dole a kalli tsawo na tsirrai na tsararru domin tsararrakin nau'in tsiro ba su ɓoye bushes ɗin barkono, wanda kuma ya buƙaci hasken rana.
Peas da wake suna dauke da maƙwabta masu kyau don ƙananan shuɗi, amma a nan ma, dole ne mutum ya kula da tsawo na tsirrai dangane da yuwuwar aski. Haɗuwa da ƙwai na fure tare da kowane irin kabeji. Kuma irin waɗannan mashahuri furanni kamar marigolds da nasturtium suna kori kwari da yawa daga eggplant.
Ggan tsararraki a lokacin da aka shuka su
Tare da magabatattun eggplant wanda ba a so, duk abu mai sauƙi ne: ba za a iya dasa su ba bayan kowane albarkatu na solanaceous (dankali, tumatir). Amma ga sauran, ba su da ɗanɗano game da magabata, yana da mahimmanci kawai cewa mazaunan da suka gabata a gonar ba su cin duk abubuwan gina jiki masu tsabta kuma kada su rufe ƙasa tare da zuriyarsu da yiwuwar karin kwari.
An yi imani da cewa eggplant tsiro mafi kyau bayan Peas, cucumbers, faski, karas da kowane amfanin gona salatin.
Matsaloli masu saukowa na ƙasa
Ba mai sauƙin shuka seedlings eggplant ba, amma tsire-tsire masu girma, bayan sun samo tushe a gonar, ba sa haifar da babbar matsala ga lambu. Kuma seedlings zai iya haifar da matsaloli kawai a farkon matakan.
Eggplant ba ya tsiro
Dalilan da tsaba da aka shuka ba su shuka ya bambanta, amma bai kamata a damu ba har sai da ya kai rabin wata bayan an shuka iri daidai. Wasu daga cikin dalilan sune kamar haka.
- Abubuwan mara kyau tare da rayuwar shiryayye na karewa, saboda haka ana ba su shawara don duba don haɓaka a gaba.
- Amfani da tsaba da aka sarrafa kafin siyarwa: wasu dabarun zamani suna haɓaka yawan aiki, amma jinkirta fitowar ƙwayar; kana buƙatar jira na ɗan lokaci kaɗan.
- Seeding ya yi zurfi sosai: lokacin da aka shuka zurfi sama da 3 cm, tsaba da aka shirya suna iya rot.
- Seed shine sanyi: a yanayin zafi sama da 20 game daTare da za su iya tashi na dogon lokaci, ko ma precipice.
- Rashin ingancin ƙasa da aka kirkira: a cikin ƙasa mai rikitarwa, tsaba na iya bushewa, kuma a cikin ilsasa mai lalacewa, zasu iya lalacewa.
Seedlings miƙa
Zana 'yan seedlings matsala ce ta gama gari, amma dalilai a bayyane suke. Wannan na faruwa da farko bayan tsiro, lokacin da zazzabi ya buƙaci saukar da haske kuma ya ƙara. Amma idan an shuka iri a cikin akwatin gama gari, yana da wahala ga mai lambu ya zaɓi zaɓi na farko da ya fito, kuma ana iya tsammanin na gaba na dogon lokaci. Kuma a cikin kwanakin farko na lokacin zafi, yawancin samfurori masu frisky ana jan su cikin kirtani.
Irin waɗannan igiyoyi ba za su iya samun ceto ba, kuna buƙatar sake shukawa
Idan an shuka shi nan da nan a cikin tukwane dabam - yana da sauƙi, kawai suna buƙatar canja shi zuwa sanyi. Amma babban akwatin ... Dole ne a saita shi a cikin yanayin zafi low lokacin da farkon 'yan seedlings sun riga sun "a iyaka", in ba haka ba a ƙananan yanayin mai zuwa na gaba bazai tashi ba. Idan har yanzu seedlings na shimfidawa, don farawa zaka iya yayyafa ƙasa kaɗan. A cikin mummunan yanayin, dasa samfuran elongated zuwa sabon gida kafin lokacin, yana zurfafa su sosai.
Seedlingsan itace na ƙwaya yakan faɗi
Matasan harbe zasu iya faɗuwa (ɓacewa) saboda dalilai da yawa, amma duk suna tafasa ƙasa don kulawa da rashin kyau ko kamuwa da cuta. Ba zai yiwu ba cewa kwari sun ziyarci 'ya'yan itaciyar, amma idan haka ne, yana da kyau har abada: kawar da kwari a gida abu ne mai sauƙi, kawai fesa sauran seedlingsan itacen da kwaro.
Sau da yawa, da rashin alheri, seedlings suna fada saboda rashin lafiya. Idan komai yana tsari da ƙasa, to, maigidan ya shayar da shi da ruwa. Akwai manyan zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu: tushen tushe ko ƙafa baƙar fata. A cikin yanayin farko, ana iya ajiye sauran seedlingsan seedlings. Wajibi ne a cire waɗanda suka faɗi, su shayar da ƙasa da ruwan hoda na potassiumgangan, a fallasa su ga wani haske mai haske da bushe kaɗan. Game da ƙafa na baƙar fata, zaku iya ƙoƙarin yin daidai, har ma da ƙara sandar da aka cakuda a cikin ƙasa. Amma da alama cewa wannan zai taimaka ba shi da girma sosai.
Don haɓaka ƙwayoyin kwai a cikin ƙasa buɗe, a zahiri, akwai babban cikas ɗaya kawai: ana buƙatar tsawon lokacin zafi. In ba haka ba, duk fasaha na aikin gona daidai yake da na yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsananin zafi. Mai lambu yana da mafi girma amma mafi girman wahaloli a farkon matakan narkar da seedling kuma a farkon lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin lambu.
