Albasa mai narkewa yana da matukar amfani ga kowane kwano, saboda yana da arziki sosai a cikin bitamin, macro- da microelements. Al'adar unpreentious ce, sabili da haka, an samo shi a kan makircin mutum a ko'ina. Amma zaka iya wadatar da kanka da greenery ba kawai a lokacin nomanin ba, idan ka koyi girma albasa mai kore a cikin kora ko kan windowsill.
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan albasa a kan ganye
Don distillation akan gashin tsuntsu, akwai irin albasarta na musamman. Amma ko da albasa talakawa ya dace sosai.
Albasa
Wajibi ne a zabi nau'ikan innabi iri-iri. Idan kun yanke irin wannan albasa, a ciki ba za ku ga ɗayan ba, amma 3-5 koren fure na fuka-fukan da ke gaba.
Albasa mai multiglossal yana da sauƙi a gano ta yankan albasa
Zaɓuɓɓuka masu dacewa:
- Arzamas na gida. Bambanci daga nau'in tsakiyar kakar tare da primordia na 3-4. Baya ga ganye, yana kuma ba da ƙananan ƙananan, kwararan fitila mai yawa. Ba a lalata alkalami a ƙarancin zafi. Shortarancin gazawa - halayyar kaɓar mildew mai ƙima da ƙauna ta musamman daga ƙudaje da albasa.
- Bessonovsky na gida. Albasa na farkon ripening, tsakiyar gall (2-3 guda). Yana da matukar kariya sosai, kawai banda shi ne peronosporosis. Ana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan.
- Rostov na gida mafi girma. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan farkon tsiro, kowane albasa yana da 3-4 Primordia. Alƙalami da wuya yana fama da cututtukan, ba mai iya tsayawa sanyi.
- Spassky na gida mafi girma. Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun irin matsakaiciyar matsakaici don distillation akan ganye. Kowane albasa yana da 7-10 primordia. Yana da tsayayya da sanyi, amma ana iya yin mummunar cutar ta peronosporosis da ƙwayar wuya idan an kirkiro yanayi mai dacewa don ci gaban waɗannan cututtukan yayin kakar.
- Chernihiv-4. Varietyan bambanta daga nau'in matsakaici-marigayi. Kowane kwan fitila yana da 3-5 primordia. Sau da yawa cutar peronosporosis, kusan ba taɓa - wuya wuya.
- Amber-29. A cikin kwan fitila, tayin 1-3. Varietyaƙƙarfan launuka sune tsakiyar kakar. Cold juriya da kyau rigakafi ne halayyar.
Albasa sun dace sosai don distillation akan ganye, amma wannan har yanzu ba shine ainihin dalilinsa ba
Albasa
Hakanan an samo shi a ƙarƙashin sunayen "Tatar", "yashi", "hunturu". Idan ka zabi wani nau'in perennial, za'a iya yanke gashin fuka-fuka sau 2-3 a kakar, a yanki-shekara-shekara - daya kawai. A cikin wannan nau'in, ya zama dole don yanke mai bayyana mai tushe tare da kwalaye iri, suna ɗaukar abincin abinci mai mahimmanci daga gashin fuka-fuka, ƙanshin abincinsu sosai.
Idan kuna dasa albasa-bayan akan ganye, zaɓi renanyen iri
Mafi kyawun iri:
- Afrilu Da wuri (kwana 102-142). Rayuwa mai mahimmanci shine shekaru 5-7. Ganye na jure sanyi har zuwa -10ºС. An bambanta shi ta hanyar kyawun kariya. Bulan kwan fitila a kowace kakar yana ba da gashin fuka-fukai 40 (200-300 g).
Afrilu - ɗayan shahararren nau'in albasa-tsire-tsire tsakanin gardenersan lambu Russia
- Baron. Wani matsanancin yanayin-farkon, ana iya yanka amfanin gona a cikin wata daya tare kadan bayan fitowar. Yawancin ba ya wahala daga yanayin zafi, yana farawa daga shekara ta biyu bayan dasa shuki yana kawo kilogiram 3.5-4 na ganye tare da 1 m² a kowace kakar. Samun rigakafi a matakin daidaitacce.
- Bahia Verde. Bambanci daga nau'in tsakiyar kakar. Yankan alkalami yana ci gaba tun daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Yawancin nau'in ba sa shan wahala daga kowane nau'in rot da sanyi. Yawan aiki - 4.2 kg / m².
- Emerald. Hybridaya daga cikin albasarta na yau da kullun da ripan fari-ripening. An kwatanta shi da juriya na sanyi da kyakkyawan rigakafi, gami da peronosporosis. Yawan aiki - 3.2 kg / m².
- Tausayi. Ganyen za'a iya yanka wata daya bayan fitowar sa. A iri ne hunturu Hardy. Yawan aiki - har zuwa 3.5 kg / m². Samun rigakafi a matakin daidaitacce.
- Hunturu ta Rasha. Tsaka-tsakin (kwanaki 27-30), iri-iri mai tsaurin sanyi. Yawan aiki - 3.68 kg / m². Samun rigakafi ba sharri bane.
- Seryozha. Kashi na farko. Yawan aiki - 2.8 kg / m². Resistanceanƙarar sanyi yana ba ku damar shuka shi a duk faɗin Rasha. Cutar ba ta da tasiri.
- Girman Rasha. Matsayi na shekara-shekara. Babban (fiye da 4 kg / m²) yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda girman girman ganye. Idan bazara tayi sanyi da ruwa, zata iya fama da peronosporosis. Bishiyar juriya yana da ƙarfi.
Bowaukaka girman Rasha cikakke yana rayuwa har zuwa sunan
- Pierrot. Matsakaici farkon (kwanaki 40) sa. Yawan aiki - 5-5.5 kg / m². A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa fungal cututtuka na al'ada. Amma juriya sanyi yana ba ku damar shuka shi a kan sikelin masana'antu kawai a cikin gidajen katako.
Bidiyo: albasa-baton a kan ganye
Chives
Yana da mai yankewa ko gudu. Tsawon ganye ba safai ya wuce cm 50. Suna da kunkuntar, masu kama da allura. Ganye suna da matukar laushi, masu laushi da ƙanshi. Wannan iri-iri ba ya samar da manyan kwararan fitila, amma yana blooms sosai da kyau, jawo pollinating kwari zuwa shafin. Chives suna da kyau don girma a gida.
Ana dasa Chives ba kawai don ganye da kwararan fitila ba, har ma don yin ado da shafin
Yawancin nau'ikan:
- Bohemia Ba ya rasa inganci lokacin girma a wuri guda har zuwa shekaru 3-5. Darajoji don barga yawan amfanin ƙasa, wanda yanayin yanayi ke ɗanɗana ɗanɗano shi. Yankin yana da wuri, ana iya yanka gashin tsuntsaye a cikin makonni 2.5-3 bayan tsiro. Bulaya daga cikin kwan fitila yana ba da 200 g a kowace kakar, a cikin duka - har zuwa 4 kg / m². Yin rigakafi ba shi da kyau, kamar yadda ake juriya sanyi.
Onion Bohemia da tabbaci yana kawo amfanin gona, komai yanayin da za'a bayar da yanayin bazara
- Prague Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan farko. Yawan aiki har zuwa 4.5-5 kg / m². Cold haƙuri da rigakafi a matakin matakin.
- Khibinsky. A iri-iri ne tsakiyar-kakar, sanyi-resistant. Ingancin rayuwar tsirrai ɗaya har zuwa shekara bakwai. Yin rigakafi da cututtukan fungal ba dadi ba. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa - 3.5-4 kg / m²
- Siberiyanci. Yankin yana da lokacin fitinar matsakaici kuma ana bambanta shi da matsanancin juriya da sanyi. Yawan aiki - 4 kg / m².
- Itace zuma. Daga fitowar seedlings zuwa yankan amfanin gona, kimanin kwanaki 86-95 suka shude (matsakaici da ya gabata). Jimlar yawan amfanin ƙasa na kakar ya kai 5 kg / m². Daga cututtuka, sanyi da kwari ba sa fama da wahala.
- Chemal. Daga tsakiyar rukunin kakar. Darajoji na kayan aiki mai girma sosai (har zuwa 600 g kowace shuka da 6.84 kg a 1 m²). A iri-iri za a iya mai tsanani shafi mildew idan yanayi a lokacin rani ya fi son ci gaban naman gwari. Juriya sanyi ba ta da kyau.
- Lokacin bazara. Yana ɗaukar kwanaki 25-30 don yayyafa ganye. Farko iri daban-daban, ana nuna shi da haƙuri da haƙuri mai kyau. Yawan aiki - har zuwa 5-6 kg / m² kowace kakar.
Leek
Hakanan ana kiran lu'u-lu'u. A bayyanar, gashin tsuntsaye kusan ba za'a iya bambance su daga tafarnuwa. Danshi yana da matukar kauri, mai kamshi. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 2-3 kg / m². Shuke-shuke, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna da tsayi da iko; ire-iren waɗannan basu da dacewa sosai ga namo akan windowsill.
Mafi yawan abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikin ruwan lemo suna daure ne a tushe daga tushe
Mafi kyawun iri:
- Columbus Kowace shuka yana ba da g 400 na greenery. Lokacin balaga - kwanaki 85-90 (farkon matsakaici). Yawan aiki - 3.1 kg / m². Cutar ba ta da tasiri.
- Vesta. Kashi na farko. A cikin yankuna tare da yanayin zafi kuma mai tsananin zafi, wannan albasa mafi kyau ana shuka shi a cikin gidajen katako ko ƙwayoyin da aka riga aka girma, yana da juriya sanyi na matsakaici. Yawan aiki - 5.7 kg / m². Samun rigakafi ba sharri bane.
- Casimir. Tsammani-tsakiyar iri (kwana 200). Yana da kyawawa don shuka seedlings. In ba haka ba, tun da ya tsira lokacin damuna, bazai jure su ba. Yawan aiki - har zuwa 5-6 kg / m². Rigakafi yana da kyau.
Casimir - ɗayan mafi kyawun nau'ikan leek
- Wanda ya ci nasara. An horar da duka biyu a matsayin shuka shekara-shekara da kuma matsayin perennial. Darajoji don kyakkyawan rigakafi da juriya mai sanyi, dace da yankuna tare da yanayin dumin yanayi kuma mai tsananin zafi. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 130-160. Yawan aiki - 3.4 kg / m².
- Mai kadawa Matsakaici-marigayi iri-iri (kwanaki 180-200), don Urals da Siberiya ba su dace ba, koda kuwa an dasa shi a cikin kananzir (wanda ba a taɓa jin shi ba). Girbi shine yawanci ana yin sa a farkon bazara, bayan lokacin hunturu. Sanyi juriya daga iri-iri ya ba da izinin hakan. Yawan aiki - 3.4 kg / m². Rigakafi yana da kyau.
- Elephant. Iri na marigayi ripening. Za'a iya yanka girbi kwanaki 180-200 bayan dasawa. Matsakaicin nauyin shuka ɗaya ya kai 200 g, jimlar yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai 4 kg / m², amma tare da kulawa ta dace. A iri-iri ne sanyi-resistant, da wuya cutar shafi.
- Grey-mai fikafari. Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun marigayi-ripening iri. Tana da juriya mai tsananin sanyi. Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsirran ya kai 150 g, yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 3-3.5 kg / m².
- Tango Ci nasara sosai hada da kyau iyawa tare da stably babban yawan amfanin ƙasa da sanyi juriya. Ganye suna shirye don yankan kwanaki 150 bayan dasawa (tsakiyar kakar). Yawan taro guda ɗaya shine 200-250 g, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai 4.5 kg / m². Samun rigakafi a matakin daidaitacce.
Bow Tango a zahiri bashi da aibu, amma yana bukatar kulawa sosai
Shallot
Ya bambanta gaba ɗaya unpretentiousness. Ingancin ganye da kuma kayan masarufi sun zarce albasa.
Shallots ana ƙaunar masu lambu don ƙirar su gabaɗaya kuma babban amfanin su
Shahararren iri a tsakanin lambu:
- Ayrat. Bambanci daga nau'in tsakiyar kakar. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 1.6 kg / m². Resistanceanƙarar sanyi shine matsakaici, rigakafi yana da kyau.
- Bonnilla F1. Hybrid na matsakaici ripening. Mafi yawanci girma daga tsaba a matsayin shekara-shekara. Kwararan fitila a cikin kwanaki 85-87, ana iya yanke ganye mai ganye bayan watanni 1.5. Yawan aiki - 1.5 kg / m². Cold juriya da rigakafi ba sharri.
- Kwandon Vitamin. An matsananci-farkon iri-iri musamman bred ga feathering a mai tsanani a cikin greenhouses a cikin hunturu da farkon bazara. Lokacin girma shine kwanakin 65-70, ganye za'a iya yanka riga kwanaki 20 bayan dasa. Fushin sanyi yana da matsakaiciya, rigakafi ba mummuna bane.
Albasa mai kwandon Vitamin yana samar da amfanin gona da sauri sosai
- Cascade. Da dama ripening. Godiya ga babban aikinta (fiye da 2 kilogiram / m²), ingantacciyar rigakafi da juriya sanyi.
Babu tabbas game da albasarta Cascade - yawan aiki mai yawa
- Sansanin soja An bambanta shi da kasancewar rigakafi ga kowane nau'in rot da juriya ga harbi. Ta hanyar balaga - marigayi matsakaici, ya dace da dasa shuki a cikin hunturu. Cold juriya ba shi damar. Yawan aiki - har zuwa 2 kg / m².
- Sophocles. Nau'in-tsiro mai matsakaici, wanda aka yaba da kyawawan rigakafinsa akan Fusarium da thrips, ingantaccen yawan amfanin ƙasa (1.8-2 kg / m²). Zamanin ya girma har zuwa kwanaki 60. Rigakafi yana da kyau.
Albasa na Slime
Wannan iri-iri za a iya gano shi ta hanyar ɗakin kwana mai ɗorawa daɗaɗɗun ƙanshi na tafarnuwa. Godiya ga precocity, sanyi hardness, stably babban yawan aiki. A cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa ke tsiro shekara-shekara; a cikin lambu, lokacin ciyayi yana ƙare ne kawai da farkon sanyi.
An bambanta albasarta na slime ta tsawon lokaci mai girma, wanda ke tabbatar da yawan aiki mai girma
Popular iri:
- Kore Matsakaicin lokacin aji. Ya samu nasarar dacewa da yanayin yanayin namo iri iri, yana da rigakafi ga peronosporosis da tsatsa. Yawan aiki - 4-6 kg / m². Plantaya daga cikin tsire-tsire suna kawo amfanin gona na shekaru 4-5. Cold juriya yana ba da damar yin sanyi a cikin hunturu cikin yanayi mai zafi.
- Dwarf. Yawan aiki a lokacin kakar shine 3-3.5 kg / m². Tsaka-tsaka (kwanaki 38-42) nau'in hunturu-Hardy tare da kyakkyawan kariya.
Onion Dwarf yana da matukar kyau ado
- Jagora. Matsakaicin lokacin aji. Za a iya yanka ganye sau 3-4 a shekara, a duk lokacin da aka karɓi kilo 2 daga 1 m 1. Juriya mai sanyi tana da kyau, da wuya ta sha fama da cututtuka.
- A fara'a. Yawan aiki - 1.7 kg / m² ga kowane yanke. Daban-daban shine tsakiyar-zamani, mai sanyi-mai tsauri, tare da kyakkyawan kariya.
- Belorussiyanci. Dogon lokaci daban-daban, tsawon lokaci mai amfani - har zuwa shekaru 7. An bambanta iri-iri don juriya da sanyi mai ƙarfi da kyawun kariya. Matsakaicin yawan aiki - har zuwa 2 kg / m².
Yankakken baka
Ba'amurke ne ko Ba'amurke. Sunan farko ya kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa tana samar da ƙananan kwararan fitila. Ya fi sauran nau'ikan al'adu cikin sharuddan kulawa da ƙoshinta. Yawancin nau'ikan suna da cikakke da yawa kuma sun girma. Leavesananan ganye (tsawon 40-45 cm), a cikin nau'i na bututu. Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka irin wannan albasa a cikin kaka.
Albarkatun da aka ɗaure da yawa suna samar da ƙananan kwararan fitila a wurin da inflorescences
Popular iri:
- Likova. A iri-iri ne farkon cikakke, stably yana ba da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa (3.6 kg / m².) Ko da tare da ƙarancin haske. Wani babban rashi shine soyayya. Cold juriya ba dadi ba.
Kwakwalwar Likov sau da yawa tana fama da hare-hare
- Thewaƙwalwar ajiya. A lokacin kakar, ana yanka ganye sau 2-3 sau biyu, suna karɓar kilo 3 na gashin tsuntsu. Farkon nau'ikan (kwanaki 24). Rashin rigakafi da juriya na sanyi a matakin daidaitacce.
- Chelyabinsk. Farko cikakke iri (20 days). Don kakar bada har zuwa 3 kilogiram na greenery. Cututtuka da kwari ba sa shafar su.
Kwan fitila dasa a cikin ƙasa
Albasarta suna ba da kulawa sosai. Wannan kuma ya shafi yanayin girma. Amma ya kamata a tuna cewa ingancin kayan dasa shine mabuɗin zuwa girbi mai zuwa.
Mafi kyawun lokacin
A matsakaici, ganye mai dumbin yawa da albasarta ya girma cikin kwanaki 15-20. Daga wannan dole ne mu ci gaba, tantance lokacin da zai sauka.
A gida, lokaci ba shi da matsala ko kaɗan, ana dasa sabbin kwararan fitila duk shekara, kamar yadda ya cancanta. A cikin gidajen katako, ana yin dasa shuki a cikin lokacin sanyi (Oktoba-Afrilu), a cikin hunturu bukatar sabon ganye ya fi hakan girma.
A cikin bude ƙasa, takamaiman lokacin ya dogara da yankin namo. Soilasa a zurfin 4-5 cm ya kamata ya dumama zuwa ƙarancin 6-8ºС. A cikin yanayin yanayi, wannan yawanci shine farkon watan Mayu. A lokacin bazara, ana iya dasa kwararan fitila wani sau 2-3, ana yin lissafin lokaci don a sami lokacin yanka ganye kafin sanyi na farko.
Idan al'ada ta girma daga tsaba, kamar shuka mai shekaru biyu, ana shuka su akan gado a tsakiyar lokacin rani. Fresh ganye zai bayyana a zahiri daga karkashin dusar ƙanƙara, ana iya yanka shi a watan Afrilu ko farkon Mayu.
Tsarin gado
Zaɓi al'adun da rana take da kyau kuma suna samun kariya daga iska. A cikin inuwa, fuka-fukan su shimfiɗa su, su zama sirara, ba su daɗewa ba. A substrate ya kamata sako-sako da, da permeable zuwa iska da ruwa. Kyakkyawan magabata na albasa kowane Suman da Solanaceae, kowane irin kabeji.
A cikin aiwatar da tono, gado a ƙarƙashin albasa an tsabtace da ciyawa, ana amfani da takin mai magani da ya cancanta
A cikin kaka, an haƙa ƙasa, 3-4 l na humus ko takin rotted, 20-25 g na sauki superphosphate ko potassium sulfate da 10-15 g na kowane ma'adinin da ke ƙunshe da ma'adinin nitrogen a cikin 1 m².
Humus - magani na ɗabi'a don haɓaka takin ƙasa
2-3 days kafin disembarkation, an loosened loosely, leveled kuma a hankali tamped. Karshen ya zama dole domin bayan saukowa da albasarta, da substrate ba sag wuce haddi.
Ana shirya kayan dasawa
Mafi kyawun zaɓi a wannan yanayin shine kwararan fitila kusan 3-4 cm a diamita, mai nauyin 10-15 g. Suna buƙatar tsabtace busassun kayan bushewa kuma ana jera su, watsar da samfurori tare da ƙanƙanin abubuwan shakatarwa, alamu na ƙira ko lalacewa, dents, fasa. Kimanin girman guda yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin da aka dasa albasa a kan sikelin kore akan sikelin masana'antu - wannan yana tabbatar da yankan fuka-fukan a lokaci guda.
Kwararan fitila don dasa shuki a hankali - amfanin gona na gaba ya dogara da shi
Mataki na tilas - disinfection. Don kamuwa da cuta, kwararan fitila da aka zaɓa ana nutsar da su a cikin sa'o'i da yawa a cikin ƙwayar ruwan hoda na maganin ƙwaƙwalwar potassium. Wani zaɓi shine ruwan gishiri (tablespoon kowace lita). Kuna iya ƙara dropsan saukad da kowane biostimulant zuwa maganin (Epin, Heteroauxin, Kornevin, Immunocytophyte).
Maganin potassium mai lalacewa - daya daga cikin abubuwanda aka saba dasu
Cutar sananniyar cuta wacce ke kusan lalata gashin tsuntsu ita ce peronosporosis. Don rigakafin, dole ne a girka kayan dasa a zazzabi na 40 ° C na awanni 7-8.
Don motsa kwararan kwararan fitila don samar da ganye a hankali, an yanke sashin na sama, yana samar da girman oxygen a cikin ganyen ganye. Don haɓaka tasirin, suna kuma yin tsinkayen tsayi na 2-3 tare da zurfin har zuwa 1.5-2 mm.
Idan kun yanke saman kwan fitila, zaku iya samun ganye da sauri
Don dalilai iri ɗaya, an zuba albasarta a cikin tarin kuma ana shayar da su da ruwa mai ɗumi (30-35ºC). Sannan an rufe shi tsawon kwanaki 4-6 tare da burlap ko wasu kayan da ke ba da izinin iska ta wuce, amma ba haske. Zazzabi a cikin dakin an kiyaye shi a matakin da baya ƙasa da 25ºС.
Hanyoyin shirye-shiryen da aka fasalta suna canza lokaci na yanke ganye a cikin kwanakin 4-7 tare da ƙara yawan aiki na alkalami aƙalla 60%.
Bidiyo: shiri na kwararan fitila da dasa su a kasa
Hanyoyi daban daban na kasa
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don dasa albasa:
- Kanta. Sanin kowa ga lambu Tsakanin kwararan fitila kusa, gwargwadon girman su, bar 5-7 cm, jerawa layi - 12-20 cm Bayan an dasa shuki, an rufe huhun da ƙasa.
Kusan dukkanin lambu suna yin dasa albasa tare da hanyar tef akan makircin mutum.
- Pawallon ƙafa. Kwararan fitila suna kan shimfiɗar gadaje kamar yadda zai yiwu, ƙarshen-zuwa ƙarshen. Tushen yana dan kadan matse shi cikin ƙasa. A saman su an rufe su da yanki na ƙasa tare da kauri wanda bai wuce 2-3 cm ba.Wannan ana yin amfani da wannan lokacin lokacin dasa albasa a kan ganye a cikin gidajen katako. Kwan fitila da kanta ba ta da wata dama ta haɓaka, dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki da ke jikinsu sun tafi gashin fuka-fukan. Har zuwa 10-12 kilogiram na kayan dasa ana cinye 1 m².
Dasa albasarta ta hanyar gadar ta tilasta takaita kwararan kwararan fitila, da tilasta su bayar da dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki zuwa ganyayyaki
An shuka tsaba a kan albasa a cikin ganye a cikin furrows tare da tazara tsakanin 30-40 cm. Shuka su da yawa sosai. Saboda wannan, seedlingsan itacen suna da kauri sosai. Lokacin da ganyen farko suka bayyana, za su buƙaci a zube ta, ƙirƙirar tsaka-tsaki na 2-3 cm.
Lokacin girma alkalami, dasa shuki yana da matukar wahala. Onlyaranta kawai shine ƙarancin tsadar kayan shuka. Girbi zai jira na dogon lokaci.
Samun ganye daga zuriya albasa hanya ce mai isa
Bidiyo: albasa mai girma daga tsaba
Lamarin kulawar amfanin gona a lokacin rani
Don samun kyakkyawan girbi na ganye, mai lambu yana buƙatar:
- Harkokin kwance na yau da kullun na gadaje. Wannan yana tabbatar da musayar iska ta al'ada. Dole ne a aiwatar da shi 1-2 bayan kowace ruwa.
Saukar da gadaje karya wuya ɓawon burodi a kan ƙasa farfajiya
- Hanya. Tushen tushen albasa yana cikin rashin ci gaba, ciyawar a hankali kawai ta “sarƙe” shi, yana ɗaukar abincin abinci mai mahimmanci.
Idan baku sako gado tare da baka ba, baza ku iya jiran girbin girbi ba
- Watse. Wajibi ne lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe a zurfin 3-4 cm. A matsakaici, kafin farkon kumbura na ganye, ya zama dole don aiwatar da ruwa mai ruwa 4-6 (sau biyu a mako). Wuce haddi danshi yana cutarwa ga al'ada - kwararan fitila sun fara jujjuyawa. Watering gado tare da furrows.
Albasa shayar a kan furrows a cikin rami
- Aikace-aikacen taki. Yana da kyau a yi da kayan adon na halitta. Isa isa sau 3-4 a lokacin girma. Mafi yawan lokuta ana haɗe su tare da shayarwa. Zaka iya amfani da infusions na sabo saniya taki, tsuntsu droppings, nettle ganye da Dandelion, itace ash. Duk wannan yana samar da tsire-tsire tare da nitrogen, yana motsa su don haɓaka kore taro. Yana da amfani don ciyarwa bayan an yanke gashin tsuntsaye na farko don ba da tsire-tsire ƙarfi.
Nettle jiko - asalin halitta nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus
- Yi yaƙi da cututtuka da kwari. Hakanan yana da kyau a yi ba tare da magunguna anan ba. Mafi kyawun rigakafin shine fasahar aikin gona. Don karewa daga cututtukan fungal, yana da amfani don fesa tsire-tsire a kowane kwanaki 7-10 kuma zubar da ƙasa tare da mafita na soda ash, ash ash, ƙura tare da alli ko ƙwayar colloidal. Karin kwari suna tsoron yadda ya kamata ta hanyar mustard foda, kwakwalwan tabar wiwi, barkono ƙasa da ke warwatse ko'ina cikin gadaje.
Albasa peronosporosis daya ne daga cikin cututtuka masu hatsari ga al'ada
- Kariyar sanyi. Lokacin dasa shuki kafin hunturu daga kaka, an rufe gado da rufin humus tare da kauri na aƙalla cm 5. A cikin bazara, an cire shi. Lokacin da ake tsammanin dawowar daskararru, an ɗaure shi da kayan filastik ko kowane kayan rufe. Idan aka shuka tsaba, daga faɗuwa akwai riga gashin tsuntsaye. A wannan yanayin, an rufe albasa da ciyawa ko cakuda peat crumbs tare da sawdust.
Yawancin nau'ikan albasa suna sanyawa kamar sanyi-mai tsayayya, amma har yanzu ya kamata kar ku manta da mulching gadaje na hunturu
Bidiyo: Nasihu game Girma Onion
Girbi da adanawa
Albasa mai launin kore suna shirye don yankan, lokacin da gashin dabbar dabbar gashin ya kai game da cm 30. Ba za ku iya jinkirta lokacin girbi ba - gashin fuka-fuki yana rasa yawancin gabatarwa (bushe, rawaya), ku ɗanɗana kuma yana wahala. Da zaran sun fara jingina zuwa ƙasa - lallai lokaci yayi.
Domin gashin fuka-fukan su ci gaba da yin girma, ana buƙatar datse waɗanda suke sama da wuraren girma na harbe. Yi amfani da almakashi mai kaifi ko karamin inna don wannan. Irin waɗannan kayan aikin suna haifar da ƙarancin lalacewa ga shuka. A gida, zaka iya yanke gashin a hankali a hankali kamar yadda ake buƙata, a hankali yana motsawa daga ƙyallen zuwa cibiyar.
Idan ka wuce gona da iri na kore albasa a gonar, ingancinsa zai tabarbare sosai
Kuna iya adana alkalami sabo tsawon sati 2-3 ta sanya shi cikin firiji. Ba kwa buƙatar wanke shi kafin hakan. Akwai hanyoyin hanyoyin madadin:
- A cikin kwalba na gilashi. Laidananannunnun gashinan an bushe su a cikin tulu, a kulle tare da murfi. Idan ba su karye ba kuma sun lanƙwasa a kan aiwatar, ganye za su kasance sabo ne har tsawon wata guda. Dole a cire kwandon a wuri mai sanyi. Cika albasa da man kayan lambu, zaku tsayar da rayuwar shiryayye don wani makonni 4-6, amma a wannan tsari bai dace da duk jita-jita ba.
- A cikin jakar filastik. An saka gashinan da ba a saka ba cikin jaka na girman da ya dace, an ɗaure shi, an sanya ramuka da yawa don samun iska tare da wuka ko cokali mai yatsa. Riƙe kunshin a cikin cellar ko ginin ƙasa.
- A cikin takarda mai kauri ko lilin lilin. An hana shi sosai don amfani da jaridu - tawada buga ya ƙunshi gubar. An wanke gashin fatar, an zana ruwan, a cakuda takarda ko zane, a yayyafa a kai daga sama tare da kwalban fesa. An narkar da dam a cikin cellophane kuma an watsar da shi cikin cellar ko kayan kwalliya.
A cikin firiji, ana ajiye albasa a cikin ɗakuna na musamman don kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
An adana albasa da daskararre don tsawon lokaci ba tare da asarar kayan amfani ba (bi da bi, shekara biyu da shekara). Ana iya bushewa ta duka hanya, da kuma a cikin tanda, a cikin kayan bushewa na musamman. Don daskare gashin fuka-fuka, dole ne farko a yanka sosai. Onionsarin albasa mai gishiri da gishiri.
Kafin daskarewa, a yanka albasarta kore - don haka yana ɗaukar sarari ƙasa
Hanyoyin Girman Gashin Tsuntsu
Noma waje ba shine kawai hanyar bunkasa albasa mai ganye ba. Farmerswararrun manoma suna shuka shi a cikin gidajen ƙasa. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa ga samun sabo ganye a gida.
A cikin kore
Babban shaci don zaɓar iri-iri a wannan yanayin shine yawan aiki. Don samun babban taro na greenery a cikin greenhouse, ana buƙatar ƙasa mai mahimmanci. Fuskarta yayyafa shi da gari mai dolomite ko lemun tsami mai kwalliya - wannan zai hana daskararre yin hazo.
A cikin gidajen katako ba tare da dumama ba, ana dasa kwararan fitila ta hanyar gada a ƙarshen kaka, an yayyafa shi da cakuda humus da peat crumbs (wani yanki mai kauri 5-6 cm kauri). An cire Mulch a cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na Fabrairu. Albarkatun albasa da ruwa mai ɗumi, gadaje suna ɗaure tare da kunshin filastik har sai harbe ya bayyana.
A cikin ɗakunan katako mai zafi, ya fi sauƙi don kula da yanayi mafi kyau duka don feathering - albasa tana buƙatar zazzabi na 17-20ºС a cikin rana da 13-15ºС da dare tare da hasken rana na awa 12. Lokacin da farkon harbe ya bayyana, zazzabi na yau da kullun yana tashi zuwa 21-23 ° C, amma ba ƙari. Gashin tsuntsu yana girma da sauri cikin zafi, amma yana shimfiɗa sosai.
Girma albasa mai launin kore a cikin shinkafa mai yiwuwa tattalin arziki ne akan sikelin masana'antu
An ƙara iska don ayyukan kula da amfanin gona na yau da kullun a cikin greenhouse. A matsayin babban riguna, ana amfani da kayan ma'adinai na musamman don albasa. An daina hana ruwa ruwa kwanaki 4-5 kafin a yanke ganye na ganye.
Bidiyo: albasa a kan ganye a cikin greenhouse
A kan hydroponics
Hanyar ta shahara sosai tare da waɗanda ke girma ganye don siyarwa, hydroponics yana ba ku damar samun gashin tsuntsu duk zagaye shekara da adana sarari. An sanya faranti a kan shelf a cikin ɓangarorin 3-4.
Kwararan fitila ana shuka su ne a faranti na musamman na ulu ko matattara, an riga an ɗora su kuma an zubar da su da takin zamani. Tsakanin da ke tsakanin su ya kai 2 cm, jera sarari shine cm 3. Daga sama, an rufe su da rufin perlite ko vermiculite 2-3 cm kauri.
Girma kore albasa a cikin hydroponics, ya zama dole a samar masa da ingantaccen yanayi ko kusa
A cikin mako mai zuwa, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar inuwa da sanyin sanyi. Da zaran tushen da ya ɓullo ya bayyana, ana ƙaruwa awowi zuwa hasken rana zuwa awa 12-14, zazzabi ya tashi zuwa 23-25 ° C. Gashin fuka-fukai sun kai tsawon 25-30 cm bayan kwanaki 12-15. Kullum tabbatar da cewa "substrate" ya kasance dan kadan moistened duk tsawon lokacin, zuba shi da wani bayani da takin mai magani.
Bidiyo: albasarta kore a cikin hydroponics
A gida
Fasaha ta fi ko wacce aka saba da kowa sani. An sanya kwan fitila a kasan a cikin gilashin ruwa ko kuma a dasa a cikin akwati tare da diamita na 7-10 cm. Duk wani substrate na duniya don seedlings ya dace. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kwanon rufi mai zurfi don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kafin fitowar, kwararan fitila suna samar da zafi (25-30ºС). Da zaran gashin gashin ya girma zuwa 1.5-2 cm a tsayi, zazzabi zai buƙaci saukar da zuwa 20-23 ° C.
Girma albasa a cikin akwati ɗaya ya fi dacewa a cikin kwalba da yawa
Ana canza ruwa a cikin tanki kowane kwana 2-3, ana shayar da abin kwatankwacin sau biyu a mako. Takin ba lallai ba ne. Duk gashin da ake buƙata za'a sami shi daga kwan fitila da kanta, yankan ganye, kawai suna jefa shi. Ba da daɗewa ba don jiran girbin - gashin fuka-fukan farko sun bayyana a cikin mako guda ko ma a baya, sun isa tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata a cikin kwanaki 8-12. Yakamata a kiyaye tankuna daga radiators da sauran kayan aikin wuta. In ba haka ba, kasar gona da sauri overheats, gashinsa, girma talauci.
Idan albasarta a gida suna girma cikin ruwa, ka tabbata cewa ƙasan ba ta taɓa farfaɗinta ba, in ba haka ba, rot yakan ci gaba da sauri
Kuna iya ajiye sarari ta hanyar girma albasarta kore a cikin kwalabe tare da yanke wuyansa. A cikin ganuwar tukunyar tanki 5, an yanke ramuka 5-8 da yawa, yana daidaituwa a diamita tare da kwararan fitila. An saka su a ciki, an zuba ƙasa a cikin kwalbar, ana shaƙe da kyau. Watering dasa, faduwa kwantena cikin ruwa.
Albasa suna girma da kyau a gida kuma a cikin tsirrai, suna riƙe danshi na dogon lokaci, suna barin zazzage 1-2. Kafin disembarking, dole ne a doused tare da wani ruwa mai zãfi ko soaked ga sa'o'i da dama a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate for disinfection. Ana amfani da Sawdust sau ɗaya kawai: bayan mun girbe, an canza canjin gaba ɗaya.
Bidiyo: albasa mai girma a kan windowsill
Matsalar girma
Albasa kayan gona ne marasa wahala don kulawa, amma ba koyaushe ba zai yiwu a tattara amfanin gona mai yawan ganye. Yana faruwa cewa cuta da kwari sun lalata shi, amma galibi matsalar shine kuskuren zaɓin hanyar saukowa ko kula da jahilci.
Al'adar da kyar ta yarda da karuwar acidity na kasar gona da kusanci ga ciyawa. Ko da a gare ta, kasancewar sulfur a cikin substrate yana da kyawawa. In ba haka ba, alkalami na bakin ciki ne, maras kyau. Lokacin shirya gadaje, gari dolomite, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate an gabatar dasu a cikin ƙasa.
Isasshen ruwa yana da matukar muhimmanci a matakin farko. Yaduwa da aka cire sosai - wannan yakan tsokani cigaban peronosporosis. A general waterlogging na kasar gona na taimaka wa ci gaban rot.
Gashin fuka-fukai na albasa na iya nunawa gazawar danshi da rashin potassium
Launin fuka-fukai wadanda ba na halitta ba suna ba da shaida ga rashi wasu abubuwan gina jiki:
- Nitrogen Kodadde kore ko hasken kore inuwa, gashinsa na bakin ciki.
- Phosphorus Fadarfafawar fuka-fukan gashin tsuntsu da drooping a hankali baƙi.
- Potassium Gashinsa, lemun tsami ne ko launin rawaya, kamar dai corrugated.
- Magnesium Fuka-fuka-fukan an rufe shi da aibanan fari, mai sauƙin wuya.
- Jan karfe. Gashin jikin tsuntsaye na bambaro mai launin shuɗi-kwanciya akan gado.
Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa game da albasa mai girma. Ko da wani lambu mai novice zai iya jure wannan. Babban abu shine a zabi nau'ikan da suka dace. Al'adar ba ta da kyau a wajen barin, shiri don saukowa shima baya buƙatar wani abu. Albarkatun kore za a iya noma ba wai kawai a gonar ba, har ma a gida. Haka kuma an samu nasarar girma a cikin greenhouses. Kowace hanya tana da wasu abubuwan da kuke buƙatar sanin kanku da gaba.
